State of fish stocks in the Northeast Atlantic, the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
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Transcript of State of fish stocks in the Northeast Atlantic, the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
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State of Fish Stocks in NE Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic SeaBy
Eskild Kirkegaard, ICES ACOM Chair
Seminar “State of Fish Stocks in European Waters”, Brussels, July 14, 2015)
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Stock Categories1 Stocks with an accepted analytical assessment and forecast for
MSYMSY approach
2 Stocks with an analytical assessment and forecast accepted for trends only
MSY approach
3 Stocks with survey-based assessments indicating trends Precautionary approachMSY approach being developed
4 Stocks with reliable time-series of catch data to approximate MSY
Precautionary approachMSY approach being developed
5 Only catch or landings available Precautionary approach
6 Only landings available and largely discarded Precautionary approach
• Each category has several available methods dependent on stock status.
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ICES MSY advice rule (Category 1 and 2 stocks)ICES bases its MSY approach on attaining a fishing mortality rate at or below FMSY.In this approach, both fishing mortality and biomass reference points are used: these reference points are FMSY and BMSY-trigger. BMSY-trigger is a biomass reference point that triggers a cautious response. ICES approach does not include a MSY biomass target (BMSY).
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Stock status
Stock size relative to BMSY-trigger
Fishing mortality relative to FMSY
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ECOREGIONS
•Iceland and East Greenland Seas
•Barents Sea
•Faroe Plateau Ecosystem
•Norwegian Sea
• Celtic Sea and West of Scotland
• North Sea
• Bay of Biscay and Iberian Waters
• Baltic Sea
•Oceanic northeast Atlantic
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Bay of Biscay & Iberian ecoregion
IBERIA (VIIIc, IXa):• Hake• Anglerfish (pisc.)• Anglerfish (budeg.)• Megrim (whiff.)• Megrim (bosc.)• Sardine
BAY OF BISCAY:• Sole
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Bay of Biscay & Iberian ecoregion
• Hake: Southern• Anglerfish (pisc.)• Anglerfish (budeg.)• Megrim (whiff.)• Megrim (bosc.)• Sole: Bay of Biscay• Sardine: Cantabrian Sea,
Atlantic Iberian Waters
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Celtic Sea & West, Southwest Ireland
• Cod • Haddock• Herring • Whiting • Plaice • Sole
West of Scotland & Rockall
• Cod (VIa; VIb)• Haddock (Rockall)• Herring (Via, VIIbc)• Whiting (VIa; VIb)• Megrim (IVa-VIa; VIb)
Irish Sea • Herring• Sole
Celtic Seas ecoregion
Sea bass (IVbc, VIIa, VIId-h
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
• Cod: West of Scotland• Cod: Eastern English Channel
and Southern Celtic Seas• Sea bass: Central and South
North Sea, Irish Sea, English Channel, Bristol Channel, Celtic Sea
• Haddock: Southern Celtic Seas and English Channel
• Haddock: Rockall• Whiting: Southern Celtic seas
and Eastern English Channel
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
• Megrim: North Sea & West of Scotland
• Plaice: Irish Sea• Plaice: Celtic Sea• Sole: Celtic Sea• Sole: Irish Sea• Sole: Southwest of
Ireland
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
• Herring: West of Scotland & Ireland
• Herring: Irish Sea• Herring: Celtic Sea
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
Plaice: Divisions VIIh–k
Cod: Irish Sea
Sea bass: IVbc, VIIa, VIId-h
Cod: West of Scotland
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Celtic Seas ecoregion
Whiting: West of Scotland
Herring: West of Scotland and Ireland
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North Sea ecoregion
NORTH SEA:• Cod: IV, Skagerrak, VIId• Haddock: IV, Skagerrak• Whiting: IV, VIId• Saithe: IV, IIIa, VI• Plaice: IV• Sole: IV
• Cod: Kattegat• Whiting: Skagerrak & Kattegat• Plaice: Skagerrak• Plaice: SD 21-23• Sole: Skagerrak, Kattegat & SD 22-24
Brill, Dab, Flounder, Lemon sole, Turbot (IV; IIIa), Witch
Short lived:Sandeel, Norway pout,
Sprat (IV, IIIa)
NephropsEASTERN CHANNEL
• Plaice: VIId• Sole: VIId
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North Sea ecoregion
• Cod: North Sea, Eastern English Channel & Skagerrak
• Cod: Kattegat• Haddock: West of Scotland,
North Sea and Skagerrak• Whiting: North Sea & Eastern
English Channel• Saithe: West of Scotland,
North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat
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North Sea ecoregion
• Plaice: Eastern English Channel• Plaice: North Sea & Skagerrak• Sole: Eastern English channel• Sole: Kattegat & Skagerrak• Sole: North Sea
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North Sea ecoregion
• Nephrops: North Sea, Skagerrak, and Kattegat
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North Sea ecoregion
• Herring North Sea• Sprat North Sea• Sprat Skagerrak & Kattegat
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North Sea ecoregion
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North Sea ecoregion
North Sea cod
Plaice North Sea
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Baltic ecoregion
• Cod SD 22-24• Cod SD 25-32
HERRING:• Bothnian Bay• Bothnian Sea• Central Baltic• Gulf Riga• Western Baltic, IIIa
Sprat SD 22-32
FlatfishesPlaice, Brill, Dab, Flounder, Turbot
Salmon & Trout
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Baltic ecoregion
0
50
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Bio
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ss in
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0 c
m (
Kg
/h)
Stock size indicator
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Ca
tche
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Bio
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Harvest rate
Western Baltic Sea cod
Eastern Baltic Sea cod
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Baltic ecoregion
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Baltic ecoregion
Herring in Western Baltic, Skagerrak and Kattegat
Flounder: Central Baltic (subdiv. 24 & 25)
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Northeast Arctic stocks
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Widely distributed and migratory stocks
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Widely distributed and migratory stocksHake: Northern
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General trend in stock size and exploitation
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General trend in stock size and exploitation
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General trend in stock size and exploitation
• Fishing mortalities have declined towards FMSY
• Stocks are increasing
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