State: MAHARASHTRA Agriculture Contingency Plan for...

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State: MAHARASHTRAAgriculture Contingency Plan for District: BEED

1.0 District Agriculture profile1.1 Agro-Climatic/ Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Deccan Plateau, Hot Semi-Arid Eco-Region (6.1)Agro-Climatic Region (Planning Commission) Western Plateau and Hills Region (IX)Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Western Maharastra Scarcity Zone (MH-6)

Centeral Maharashatra plateau Zone (MH-7)List all the districts or part thereof falling under theNARP Zone

Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani, Hingoli, Beed, Osmanabad, Latur, Nanded, Dhule, Buldhana,Amravathi, Jalgaon, Akola, Yeotmal

Geographical coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude18”.30’ 19”.30’ N 74’.54 76”.60’ E 515 m above MSL

Name and address of the concerned ZRS / ZARS /RARA / RRA / RRTTS

National Agricultural Research Project,Marathwada Agriculture University ParbhaniPaithan Road ,Aurangabad 500431 (Maharashtra)

Mention the KVK located in the district Deendayal Research Institutes , Krishi Vigyan Kendra ,Digholamba post box no 28 ,TehsilAmbajogai, District, Beed 431 005Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Khamgaon, Tehsil Georai, District , Beed MAU, Parbhani

Name and address of the nearest Agromet Field Unit(AMFU, IMD) for agro-advisories in the Zone

AMFU, Parbhani 431 402

1.2 Rainfall Normal Rainfall ( mm ) Normal rainy days(number)

Normal Onset(Specify week and month)

Normal Cessation(Specify week and month)

SW monsoon ( June - Sep ) : 605.4 26 June 2nd week (MH 23 ) October 2nd week (MH 40 )NE monsoon ( Oct - Dec ) : 94.4 5 - -Winter ( Jan - Feb ) : 6.5 -Summer ( Mar - May ) : 37.1 -Annual 743.4 31

Source: Meteorology Department, MAU, Parbhani1.3 Land use

pattern ofthe district(lateststatistics)

Geographicalarea(000 ha)

Cultivablearea

Forestarea

Land undernon-agriculturaluse

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewaste land

Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

1068.6 1019.0 22.9 42.7 36.6 40.8 1.3 24.4 94.9 48.1

Source: Agriculture Statistical Information Maharashtra State 2005- 2006 (Part – II)

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1.4 Major Soil types Area ( ‘000 ha ) Percent ( % ) of total geographical area1.Deep black soils 332.21 29.532.Medium deep black soils 130.66 11.623.Shallow black soils 661.96 58.85

Source: NBSS and LUP, Nagpur

1.5 Agricultural land use Area ( ‘000 ha ) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 876 120Area sown more than once 175.2Gross cropped area 1051.2

1.6 Irrigation Area ( ‘000 ha ) Percent ( % ) of total geographical areaNet Irrigated area 137.70 16.0Gross irrigated area 169 -Rainfed area 738.3 -Sources of Irrigation Number Area ( ‘000 ha ) (% )Canals (Three major projects ) 03 108.92 -Tanks - - -Open wells 52082 - -Bore wells - - -Lift irrigation - - -Other sources (Farm ponds) (2007-08 to 2009-10) 3246 60.33 -Total - - -No. of tractors 2613 - -Pump sets - - -Micro-irrigation (2006-07) -Groundwater availability and use No. of blocks % area Quality of waterOver exploited - - -Critical - - -Semi-critical - - -Safe - - -Waste water availability and use - - -Ground water quality - - Suitable for drinking and

irrigation* Over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100% semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: < 70%*(Source: Strategic Research and Extension Plan of Beed District)

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1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture etc.

1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area ( ‘000 ha )Kharif 2009-2010 Rabi 2007-08 Summer Total

Irrigated Rainfed Total Irrigated Rainfed TotalPearlmillet - 166.8 166.8 - - - - 166.8Cotton - 160.8 160.8 - - - 160.8Sorghum - 48.90 48.90 - 249.4 249.4 - 298.3Pigeonpea - 53.3 53.3 - - - - 53.3Soybean - 51.4 51.4 - - - - 51.4Wheat - - - 52.7 - 52.7 - 52.7Gram - - - - 39.6 39.6 - 39.6Safflower - - - - 11.7 11.7 - 11.7Sunflower - - - - 5.9 5.9 - 5.9Sugarcane - - - 39.2 - 39.2 - 39.2

Horticulture crops – Fruits Total area (000 ha) (2009 – 10)Mango 12.29Sweet orange (Mosambi) 5.45Lemon (Kagzi Lime) 3.04Sapota 2.54Gauva 1.45Grape 9.97Banana 1.35Custard apple 6.23Other fruit crops 8.62Total area 24.54Horticulture crops – Vegetables -Brinjal 4,25Tomato 3.31Okra (Bhendi) 1.84Cabbage 1.62Cauliflower 1.46Onion 21.27Other vegetables 5.52Total 42.85Medicinal and Aromatic crops Total areaChilli 3.00Ginger 0.30Garlic 0.11

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Total 3.41Plantation Crops Total area

Not applicableFodder crops Total areaSorghum Not availableMaize -do-Total fodder crop area -do-Grazing land -do-Sericulture etc (Mulbery) 0.33Others ( Specify )

Source: ZREAC, Report Rabi 2010, DSAO, Beed

1.8 Livestock Number ( ‘000 )Cattle 602.281Buffaloes total 215.824Commercial dairy farms NAGoat 457.080

Sheep 121.925Others (Camel, pig, Yak etc. ) NA

1.9 Poultry -Commercial 794.105Backyard 0

1.10 Fisheries Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (tones)Brackish water NA - -Fresh water 20595 0.194 4000Others NA - -

Source: Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur

Production and Productivity ofmajor crops( 2003-2008)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total

Production( ‘000 t )

Productivity( kg/ha )







Cotton 163.6 Bales 296 Lint - - - - 163.6 Bales 296 LintPearlmillet 1314.1 788 - - - - 1314.1 788Sorghum 591.6 1225 - - - - 591.6 1225Pegionpea 353.4 719 - - - - 353.4 719Soybean 536.6 1123 - - - - 536.6 1123Wheat - - 66.9 1271 - - 66.9 1271

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Gram - - 26.2 602 - - 26.2 602Safflower - - 12.3 558 - - 12.3 558Sunflower - - 7.9 498 - - 7.9 498Sugarcane 2273.6 58000 - - - - 2273.6 58000Major Horticultural cropsMango 48.60 5000 - - - - 48.60 5000Mosambi 68.426 8000 - - - - 68.426 8000Lime 23.982 6000 - - - - 23.982 6000Grape 15.497 15000 - - - - 15.497 15000Gauva 23.628 15000 - - - - 23.628 15000

Source: Regional Review Meeting Report, 2010-2011 Agril. Department Govt. of Maharashtra and DSAO report 2006-07

1.12 Sowing window for 5 majorcrops ( start and end ofsowing period)

Cotton Bajra Sorghum Pigeon pea Soybean

Kharif - Rainfed 15 June to 15 July 15 June to 30 July 15 June to 15 July 15 June to 30 July 15 June to 15 JulyKharif - Irrigated May 15 to June 15 - - - -

Wheat Gram Sorghum Safflower -Rabi - Rainfed - Oct 1 – 15 Oct Oct 1 to 15 Sep 25 to 0ct 15 -Rabi – Irrigated 1st Nov. 20 th Nov 15 Oct to 15 Nov 15 Oct to 15 Nov 15 Oct to 15 Nov -

1.13 What is the major contingency the district is prone to? (Tick mark andmention years if known during the last 10 years period )

Regular Occasional None

Drought - √ -

Flood - - √Cyclone - - √Hail storm - - √Heat wave - - √Cold wave - - √Frost - - √Sea water intrusion - - √Pests and diseases √

1.Heliothis (pigeonpea , gram) 2.Spodoptera(Soybean) 3.Sphingid (Moong and Urd)4.Jassids&whitefly (cotton)

1.14 Include Digital maps of the districtfor

Location map of district within States as Annexure 1 Enclosed : YesMean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed : YesSoil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed : Yes

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Annexure 1

Location map of Beed district

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Annexure 2Mean monthly rainfall of Beed district

(Source: IMD) (1941-1990)

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Annexure 3Soil map of Beed district

Source: NBSS & LUP Regional Centre, Nagpur

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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies2.1 Drought2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Early seasondrought (delayedonset)

Major Farming situation Normal Crop/Cropping system Suggested Contingency measuresChange inCrop/Croppingsystem

Agronomicmeasures

Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 2 weeks

4th week of June

Medium deep to deepblack soils with assuredrainfall

Pearl millet No Change Normal packageof practicesrecommended byMAU, Parbhani

Linkage with MAU,Parbhani, MSSC, NSCfor supply of seed

Cotton No Change -do-Sorghum No Change -do-Pigeonpea No Change -do-Soybean No Change -do-

Shallow soils with assuredrainfall

Pearl millet / Pearl millet +Pigeonpea

No Change -do-

Sorghum No Change -do-Pigeonpea No Change -do-Soybean No Change -do-

Medium deep to deepblack soils with lowrainfall (Asthi, patoda &Sirur kasar tehsils)

Pearl millet No Change -do-Cotton No Change -do-Sorghum No Change -do-Pigeonpea No Change -do-Soybean No Change -do-

Shallow soils with lowrainfall (Asthi, patoda &Sirur Khasa tehsils)

Pearl millet / Pearl millet +Pigeonpea

No Change -do-

Sorghum No Change -do-Pigeonpea No Change -do-Soybean No Change -do-

Condition Major Farmingsituation

NormalCrop/Croppingsystemincludingvariety

Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayedonset )

Normal Change in Crop/Croppingsystem including variety

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 4 weeksMedium deep todeep black soils

Pearl millet No change. Prefer varieties likeICTP-8203, GHB 558, AIMP-92901,

Seed treatment Linkage with

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2nd week of Julywith assured rainfall Shardha Saburi MAU, MSSC

and NSC forseed.

Linkage withMAIDC forimplements.

Linkage withMAU, KVK foragro techniques

Cotton Cotton + Pigeonpea in 6:1 rowproportion (Bt cotton hybrids likeBunny, Mahyco, Ankur, Ajit 51)

Use 10% higher seedrate

Follow in situ soilmoisture conservationmeasures like alternatefurrow opening withBalaram plough

Sorghum Sorghum (CSH-9, 11,16, PVK-401,809) + Pigeonpea MAUS-47 / 71,BSMR 736 / 853) in 4: 2 rowproportion

Normal package ofpracticesrecommended byMAU, Parbhani

Pigeonpea Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71) +Pigeon pea (BSMR 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4:2 or 6:3 row proportion

-do-

Soybean Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71) +Pigeon pea (BSMR 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4:2 or 6:3 row proportion

-do-

Shallow soils withassured rainfall

Pearl millet /Pearl millet +Pigeonpea

No change. Prefer varieties likeICTP-8203, GSB 558, AIMP-92901Shardha, Saburi

-do-

Sorghum Sorghum (CSH-9, 11,16 ,PVK-401,809) + Pigeon pea (BSMR 736, 853,BDN-708, 711) in 4 : 2 rowproportion

-do-

Pigeonpea Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71) +Pigeon pea (BSMR 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4 : 2 row proportion

-do-

Soybean Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71) +Pigeon pea (BSMR- 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4 : 2 or 6:3 rowproportion

-do-

Medium deep todeep black soilswith low rainfall(Asthi, patoda &Sirur kasar tehsils)

Pearl millet No change. Prefer varieties likeICTP-8203, GHB- 558, AIMP-92901,Shardha, Saburi

-do-

Cotton Cotton + Pigeon pea in 6:1 rowproportion (Bt cotton hybrids likebunny, mahyco, ankur, ajit 51)

Follow in situ soil moistureconservation measures likealternate furrow opening withBalaram plough

Sorghum Sorghum + Pigeonpea in 4 : 2 rowproportion, (MAUS-47 / 71 + BSMR

Normal package of practicesrecommended by MAU,

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736, 853) ParbhaniPigeonpea Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71)+

Pigeon pea (BSMR- 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4 : 2 row proportion

-do-

Soybean Soybean (JS-335, MAUS-71)+Pigeon pea (BSMR- 736, 853, BDN-708, 711) in 4 : 2 or 6:3 rowproportion

-do-

Shallow soils withlow rainfall (Asthi,patoda & SirurKasar tehsils)


No change Normal package of practicesrecommended by MAU,Parbhani

2.Sorghum No change. Prefer varieties like CSH-9, 11,16, PVK-401, 809

-do-

3.Pigeonpea No change. Prefer varieties likeBSMR 853, BDN- 708, 711

-do-

4.Soybean No change. Prefer intercropping withpigeonpea in 4:2 or 6:3 rowproportion

-do-

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarlyseasondrought(delayedonset )

MajorFarmingsituation

NormalCrop/Croppingsystem includingvariety

Change in Crop/Cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 6weeks

4th week ofJuly

Medium deepto deep blacksoils withassured rainfall

Pearl millet Pearl millet (ICTP-8203, GHB- 558, AIMP-92901, shardha ,Saburi) + Pigeon pea (BSMR853, 853, BDN-708, 711 ) in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion

Normal package ofpractices recommended byMAU, Parbhani

Conservation furrow, Inter cultivation( Hoeing, weeding)

Supply of seed cumfertilizer drill underRKVY, ZILLAPARISHAD,MAIDC

Cotton Hybrid Maize (Decalp, Kargil, Maharaja) Wider spacing (60 x 30 cm) formaize crop

Sorghum Pigeon pea (BSMR 853, BDN-708, 711) Give protective irrigationduring drought, experiencedeither at flowering and grainfilling stages

Pigeonpea Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-17, BSH-1)

Normal package of practicesrecommended by MAU,Parbhani

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Soybean Pearl millet (ICTP-8203, GHB 558, AIMP-92901, Shradha, Saburi) + Pigeon pea (BSMR853, 708, BDN-708, 711 ) in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion

-do-

Shallow soilswith assuredrainfall

Pearl millet / Pearlmillet + Pigeonpea

Prefer Pearl millet + Pigeonpea intercropping in4:2 or 3: 3 row proportion

-do-

Sorghum Pigeon pea BSMR 853, 708, BDN-708, 711) -do-Pigeonpea Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-

17, BSH-1)-do-

Soybean Pearl millet (ICTP-8203, GHB- 558, AIMP-92901, Shradha, Saburi) + Pigeon pea (BSMR853, 708, BDN-708, 711 ) in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion

-do-

Medium deepto deep blacksoils with lowrainfall (Asthi ,patoda & Sirurkasar tehsils)

Pearl millet Pearl millet + Pigeon pea in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion,Niger local,Sesamum ( No- 85, JLT-7),Fodder Sorghum (Nilwa, MP Chari, PusaChari)

-do-

Cotton Castor (VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9 (Jyoti),GCH-4, 5, 6and DCH-117, 32)

-do-

Sorghum Pearl millet + Pigeon pea in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion

-do-

Pigeonpea Pigeon pea (BDN-708, 711), Sunflower(Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahyco-17, BSH-1)

-do-

Soybean Pearlmillet (PPC-6, AIMP-92901 , Shradha,Saburi), Sesamum, Panjab-1Castor (VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9 (Jyoti), GCH-4, 5,6 and DCH-117, 32)

-do-

Shallow soilswith lowrainfall (Asti,Patoda & SirurKasar tehsils)

Pearl millet No change Normal package of practicesrecommended by MAU,Parbhani

Sorghum Cotton / Maize/ Pigeonpea (BSMR 736, 853,BDN 708, BDN 711) / Pearl millet (Shradha,Saburi, AIMP-92901) orSunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSFH-35, BSH-1)

-do-

Pigeonpea Prefer varieties like BSMR 736, 853, BDN 708,711

-do-

Soybean Prefer intercropping with pigeonpea in 4:2 or6:2 row proportion

-do-

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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarlyseasondrought(delayedonset )

MajorFarmingsituation

NormalCrop/Croppingsystem includingvariety

Change in Crop/Croppingsystem


Delay by 8weeks

2nd week ofAug

Mediumdeep todeep blacksoils withassuredrainfall

Pearl millet Pearl millet + Pigeon pea (BDN-708, 711) in 4:2 or 3:3 rowproportion

Dry sowing 8 - 10 days before rainswith 15 - 20 % higher seed rate.

Seed hardening i.e. 18 hrs soakingin water followed by 24 hrs shadedrying.

Open conservation furrow for every 6-8 rows with Balaram plough.

Intercultivation ( Hoeing, weeding)and mulching.

Linkage withMAU, MSSC andNSC for seed

Linkage withMAIDC forimplements

Linkage withMAU, KVK foragro-techniques

Cotton Hybrid Maize (Decalp, Kargil,Maharaja)

Follow in situ soil moisture conservationmeasures like alternate furrow opening withBalaram plough.

Sorghum Pigeon pea (BDN-708, 711) Open conservation furrow for every 6-8rows with Balaram plough.

Pigeonpea Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-17, BSH-1)

-do-

Soybean Pearl millet (ICTP-8203, GSB558, AIMP-92901 shardha,Saburi) + Pigeon pea (BDN-708,711 ) in 4:2 or 3:3 row proportion

-do-

Shallowsoils withassuredrainfall

Pearl millet Hybrid Maize (Decalp, Kargil,Maharaja)

-do-

Sorghum Pigeon pea (BDN-708, 711 ) -do-Pigeonpea Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-

36, Mahico-17, BSH-1), Castor(VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9 (Jyoti)GCH-4, 5, 6 and DCH-117, 32)

-do-

Soybean Pearl millet + Pigeon pea in 4:2 or3:3 row proportion,Niger local,Sesamum ( No- 85, JLT-7),

-do-

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Fodder Sorghum (Nilwa, MPChari, Pusa Chari), Fodder maize(African tall), Castor (VI-9,Aruna, DCS-9 jyoti),GCH-4, 5, 6and DCH-117, 32)

Mediumdeep todeep blacksoils withlow rainfall(Asthi,patoda &Sirur kasartehsils)

Pearl millet Pearl millet + Pigeon pea in 4:2or 3: 3 row proportion

-do-

Cotton Pigeon pea (BDN-708,711)Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-17, BSH-1), Castor(VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9(Jyoti),GCH-4, 5, 6 and DCH-117, 32), Sesamum, (Punjab-1)

Follow in situ soil moisture conservationmeasures like alternate furrow opening withBalaram plough.

Sorghum Pearl millet (PPC-6, Shradha,Saburi ), sesamum, (Punjab-1)Castor (VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9(Jyoti),GCH-4, 5, 6 and DCH-117, 32),

Open conservation furrow for every 6-8rows with Balaram plough

Pigeonpea Castor (VI-9, Aruna, GCH-4, 5, 6and DCH-117 / 32)

-do-

Soybean Pearl millet / Sunflower -do-Shallowsoils withlow rainfall(Asthi,patoda &SirurKhasartehsils)


No change. Prefer intercroppingwith pigeonpea

-do-

Sorghum Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-17, BSH-1)

-do-

Pigeonpea Castor (VI-9, Aruna, DCS-9(Jyoti), GCH-4, 5, 6 and DCH-117 / 32)

-do-

Soybean Sunflower (Morden, SS-56, LSH-36, Mahico-17, BSH-1)

-do-


NormalCrop/Croppingsystem

Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (Normalonset)

Crop management Soil nutrient& moisture Conservationmeasures


Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20days dry spell aftersowing germination /crop stand etc.

Medium deep todeep black soilswith assuredrainfall

Pearl millet Gap filling or transplanting ofseedlings either from the same field orfrom nursery or gap filling withpigeonpea

Interculture with harrow / hoe. Linkage with MAU,

MSSC and NSC forseed.

Linkage withCotton Gap filling within the rows with Avoid applying fertilizers

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same cultivar or pigeonpea tomaintain at least 75% plantpopulation.

Raise cotton seedlings inpolythene bags and transplantwhen sufficient soil moisture isavailable.

Give protective irrigationwherever possible

till sufficient soil.moisture is available

Interculture withharrow/hoe

MAIDC forimplements.

Linkage with MAU,KVK for agrotechniques

Sorghum Gap filling with pearl millet /pigeonpea

Interculture with harrow/ hoe.

Pigeonpea Gap filling within the rows with sameor short duration cultivar to maintainat least 75% plant population

-do-

Soybean Gap filling within the rows withsame or short duration cultivar tomaintain at least 75% plantpopulation

If the plant population is less than50% go for re-sowing of the crop

-do-

Shallow soilswith assuredrainfall


Interculture with harrow/hoe.

Sorghum Gap filling with pigeonpea -do-Pigeonpea Gap filling within the rows with same

or short duration cultivar to maintainat least 75% plant population

-do-



-do-

Medium deep todeep black soilswith low rainfall(Asthi, patoda& sirur kasartehsils)


-do-

Cotton Gap filling within the rows withsame cultivar or pigeonpea tomaintain at least 75% plant

Avoid applying fertilizerstill sufficient soil.moisture is available

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population. Raise cotton seedlings in

polythene bags and transplantwhen sufficient soil moisture isavailable.

Give protective irrigationwherever possible

Interculture with harrow /hoe


Interculture with harrow / hoe


-do-



-do-

Shallow soilswith low rainfall(Asthi, patoda &Sirur Khasa rtehsils)


Interculture with harrow / hoe


-do-


-do-



-do-

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Condition MajorFarmingsituation


Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought ( Normalonset )



Mid season drought (long dry spell,consecutive 2 weeksrainless (>2.5 mm)period)

At vegetative stage

Mediumdeep todeep blacksoils withassuredrainfall

Pearl millet Avoid top dressing of fertilizerstill sufficient soil moisture isavailable.

Interculture with harrow forweeding and to create soil mulch.

Give protective irrigation ifpossible

Opening of alternate furrowswith Balaram plough.

Mulching with crop residue@ 3-5 t /ha within the rows

Spraying of 2% urea or DAP

Linkage with MAU,MSSC and NSC forseed.

Linkage with MAIDCfor implements.

Linkage with MAU,KVK for agrotechniquesCotton -do- -do-

Sorghum Avoid top dressing of fertilizerstill sufficient soil moisture isavailable.

Protective irrigation if possible Intrarow thinning

-do-

Pigeonpea -do- -do-Soybean Interculture for weeding and to create

soil mulch.-do-

Shallowsoils withassuredrainfall



Interculture with hoe.

Sorghum Gap filling with pigeonpea -do-Pigeonpea Gap filling within the rows with same

or short duration cultivar to maintainat least 75% plant population

-do-

Soybean -do- -do-Mediumdeep todeep blacksoils withlowrainfall(Asthi,patoda &Sirur kasartehsils)



Interculture with hoe.

Cotton Gap filling within the rows withsame cultivar or pigeonpea tomaintain at least 75% plantpopulation.

Raise cotton seedlings inpolythene bags and transplantwhen sufficient soil moisture is

Avoid applying fertilizers tillsufficient soil. moisture isavailable


Interculture with harrows

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available. Give protective irrigation

wherever possibleSorghum Gap filling with pearl millet /

pigeonpea Opening of alternate furrows

with Balaram plough Interculture with hoe


-do-

Soybean -do- or if the plant population is lessthan 50% resow the crop

-do-

Shallowsoils withlowrainfall(Asthi,patoda &SirurKasartehsils)


Opening of alternate furrows withBalaram ploughInterculture with hoe.


-do-


-do-

Soybean -do- or if the plant population is lessthan 50% re-sow the crop

-do-



Suggested Contingency measuresMid season drought(long dry spell )



At flowering/fruitingstage


Pearl millet Give protective irrigation Foliar spray of 2% urea andDAP

Linkage withMAIDC / DSAO forinterculturalimplements (Harrow,hoe).

Linkage with RKVYfor farm ponds andmicro irrigationsystem.

Cotton Give protective irrigation with drip Foliar spray of 2% KNO3,urea and DAP.

Mulching with crop residue@ 3-5 t /ha within the rows.

Sorghum Give protective irrigation If feasible spray anti-transparent6% kaolin

Pigeonpea -do- Foliar spray of 2% KNO3, ureaand DAP

Soybean Give protective irrigation withsprinkler

-do-

Shallow soils Pearl millet / Give protective irrigation -do-

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with assuredrainfall

Pearl millet +PigeonpeaSorghum Give protection irrigation

In case of severe stressharvest as green fodder

If feasible spray anti-transparent6% kaolin

Pigeonpea Give protective irrigation Foliar spray of 2% urea, DAPSoybean -do- -do-

Medium deep todeep black soilswith low rainfall(Asthi, patoda &Sirur kasartehsils )

Pearl millet Give protective irrigation -do-Cotton Give protective irrigation with drip Foliar spray of 2% KNO3,

urea, DAP, DAP, MgSo4,Zinc, Boron.

Mulching with crop residue@ 3-5 t /ha within the rows

Sorghum -do- Foliar spray of 2% urea, DAPPigeonpea -do- -do-Soybean -do- -do-

Shallow soilswith low rainfall(Asthi, patoda &Sirur Kasartehsils)


-do- -do-

Sorghum Give protection irrigation In case of severe stress

harvest as green fodder

If feasible spray anti-transparent 6% kaolin.

Foliar spray of 2% urea,DAP

Pigeonpea Give protection irrigation Foliar spray of 2% urea andDAP

Soybean -do- -do-

Condition MajorFarmingsituation


Suggested Contingency measuresCrop management Rabi crop planning Remarks on

implementationTerminal drought(Early withdrawal ofmonsoon

Medium deepto deep blacksoils withassuredrainfall

Pearl millet Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity

Plan for rabi cropschickpea / safflower

Linkage with RKVY forfarm ponds and microirrigation system.Cotton Life saving irrigation with drip

PickingIf possible, adopt relaycropping of chickpea,safflower, rabi sorghum

Sorghum Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity or harvest for fodder


Pigeonpea Life saving irrigation -do-

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Soybean -do- -do-Shallow soilswith assuredrainfall


Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity


Sorghum Life saving irrigation In case of severe stress harvest as green

fodder


Pigeonpea Life saving irrigation Foliar spray of 2%KNO3, urea and DAP

Soybean -do- -do-

Medium deepto deep blacksoils with lowrainfall(Asthi, patoda& Sirur kasartehsils)

Pearl millet Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity


Cotton Life saving irrigation with drip Picking

If possible, adopt relaycropping of chickpea,safflower, rabi sorghum

Sorghum Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity

-do-

Pigeonpea Life saving irrigation -do-

Soybean -do- -do-

Shallow soilswith lowrainfall(Asthi, patoda& SirurKhasartehsils)


Life saving irrigation or harvest atphysiological maturity

Plan for rabi cropschickpea / safflowerafter harvest of solepearl millet

Sorghum Life saving irrigation In case of severe stress harvest as green

fodder


Pigeonpea Life saving irrigation Foliar spray of 2%KNO3, urea and DAP

Soybean -do- Plan for rabi cropschickpea / safflower /sorghum

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2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajorFarmingsituation


Change in crop / croppingsystem


Delayed release ofwater in canals due tolow rainfall


Sugarcane No change or irrigated cotton Raising of nurseries with singlebudded setts to save the time andwater for pre-seasonal planting

Drip system for enhancing thewater productivity

Mulching with sugarcane trashbetween rows and frequentinterculture to conserve moisture

Supply of seed throughMSSC, NFSM, MAU,Village seed productionprogramme

Turmeric No change Use drip irrigationShallow blacksoils withassured rainfall

Sweet orange No change Drip irrigation Basin mulch

Ginger Rabi onion / summer pearlmillet

Use drip irrigation

Vegetable crops Cotton / Maize -do-Shallow soilswith lowrainfall (Asthi,patoda & SirurKhasar tehsils)

Vegetable crops Cotton / Fodder maize -do-

Ginger No change -do-Kharif Onion Semi Rabi Onion -do-



Change in crop / cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Limited release ofwater in canals due tolow rainfall

Medium deepto deep blacksoils withassured rainfall

Sugarcane No change or irrigated cotton Raising of nurseries withsingle budded setts to savethe time and water for pre-seasonal planting

Drip system for enhancingthe water productivity

Mulching with sugarcanetrash between rows andfrequent interculture toconserve moisture

Supply of seed throughMSSC, NFSM, MAU,Village seed productionprogramme

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Shallow blacksoils withassured rainfall

Ginger / Turmeric Cotton / Maize / Wheat / Chickpea Irrigation at critical cropgrowth stages

Use drip / sprinkler

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation


Change in crop /cropping system


Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset ofmonsoon incatchment

Medium deep to deepblack soils withassured rainfall

Sugarcane No change or cotton Raising of nurseries with singlebudded setts to save the time andwater for pre-seasonal planting

Drip system for enhancing thewater productivity


Supply of seedthrough MSSC,NFSM, MAU,Village seedproductionprogramme

Shallow black soilswith assured rainfall

Ginger / Turmeric Cotton / Maize / Wheat/ Chickpea

Irrigation at critical crop growthstages

Use drip / sprinkler irrigation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farming situation Normal

Crop/Croppingsystem

Change in crop /cropping system


Lack of inflows intotanks due toinsufficient / delayedonset of monsoon

Medium deep to deepblack soils with assuredrainfall

Not applicable

Shallow black soils withassured rainfall

Not applicable

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Change in crop / croppingsystem


Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due to lowrainfall

Medium deepto deepblack soilswith assuredrainfall

Sugarcane No change or cotton Raising of nurseries with singlebudded sets to save the time and waterfor pre-seasonal planting

Drip system for enhancing the waterproductivity


Supply of seed throughMSSC, NFSM, MAU,Village seedproductionprogramme

Ginger / Turmeric Cotton / Maize / Wheat /Chickpea

Irrigation at critical crop growth stages Use drip / sprinkler irrigation

Shallowblack soilswith assuredrainfall



Medium deepto deep blacksoils withlow rainfall(Asthi,Patoda &Sirur kasartehsils)

Sugarcane No change or cotton Raising of nurseries with singlebudded sets to save the time and waterfor pre-seasonal planting

Drip system for enhancing the waterproductivity




Shallow soilswith lowrainfall(Asthi,Patoda &Sirur Khasartehsils)

Wheat Safflower / Chickpea Mulching Use drip / sprinkler irrigation Irrigation at critical crop growth stages

Turmeric / Ginger Pigeonpea -do-

Any othercondition (specify)

Not applicable

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2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition Suggested contingency measureContinuous highrainfall in a shortspan leading to waterlogging

Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity Stage Post harvest

Cotton, Pearl millet Drain excess water Interculture at optimum soil

moisture Apply 25KgN/Ha to cotton

Drain excess water Drain out excess waterTimely harvest

Protect picked cotton fromdrenching and soilingDry wet cotton and market

Soybean, Pigeonpeaand short durationpulses

Drain out excess water -do- -do- Shift to safer placeDry the produce

HorticultureMango Opening of field channels to drain

out excess water and avoid surfaceponding, Interculture at optimumsoil moisture

Opening of field channels todrain out excess water and avoidsurface ponding, Interculture atoptimum soil moisture

Collect fallen fruits, grade andmarket if feasible

Grading, cleaning andmarketing of fruits

Sweet orange -do- -do- -do- -do-Heavy rainfall withhigh speed winds in ashort spanCotton, Pearl millet Drain excess water

Interculture at optimum soilmoisture

Apply 25KgN/Ha to cotton

Drain excess water Drain out excess waterTimely harvest

Protect picked cotton fromdrenching and soilingDry wet cotton and marketing

Soybean, Pigeonpeaand short durationpulses

Drain out excess water -do- -do- Shift to safer placeDry the produce

HorticultureMango - Provide support to prevent

lodging and uprooting in youngorchards

Apply multinutrient andhormonal spray to promoteflowering

Shift produce to safer place

Sweet orange -do -do- -do- -do-

Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rainsCotton Apply soil drench of

carbendazim 0.1% orCOC @ 3g/litre at base of

Apply foliar spray ofstreptocycline sulphate@ 6g/60 litre + COC @

Foliar spray of carbendazim0.1% or Ditane M45 0.2% toprevent boll rot

-

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plants to prevent wilt inlow lying patches

25g/10 litre to preventbacterial leaf blight

Apply Sulphur 25g/10litre (300 mesh) toprevent grey mildew

Apply MgSO4 25 kg/hasoil application or 1%MgSO4 foliar spray toprevent leaf reddening

Pearl millet Apply Dithane M 45 0.2% onear heads immediately aftercessation of rains

Soybean Manually remove infestedplants or plant parts frombelow the girdles

Protect against semilooperwhen density reaches >4larvae per meter row withfoliar spray of NSKE 5%or dimethoate 30 EC 1ml/litre

-

HorticultureMango Spray imidacloprid 0.3 ml

or dimethoate 1 ml/liter tocontrol hopper

Drench the seedlings withCOC 0.25% against rootrot

Protect against hopper Spray Dithane M 453g/litre orcarbendazim 1g/literagainst anthracnose

Spray sulphur 0.5%to control powderymildew

Maintain aeration in storage toprevent fungal infection andblackening or fruits

Sweet orange Protect against Citrus Psylla withfoliar spray of malathion 50 EC 10ml or quinalphos 25 EC 10 ml orcypermethrin 25EC 4 ml per 10liters

Protect against Citrus Psylla withfoliar spray of malathion 50 EC10 ml or quinalphos 25 EC 10 mlor cypermethrin 25EC 4 ml per10 liters

- -

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2.3 Floods: Not applicable

Condition Suggested contingency measureTransient water logging / partialinundation

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Continuous submergence for more than2 days

Not applicable

Sea water inundation

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave / Frost / Hailstorm / Cyclone

Extreme eventtype

Suggested contingency measureSeedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Heat Wave Not applicableCold wave Not applicableFrost Not applicableHailstorm Not applicableCyclone Not applicable

2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

2.5.1 Livestock

Suggested contingency measuresBefore the events During the event After the event

DroughtFeed andfodderavailability

Sowing of cereals (Sorghum/Bajra) and leguminouscrops (Lucerne, Berseem, Horse gram, Cowpea) duringNorth-East monsoon under dry land system for fodderproductionCollection of soya meal waste andsunflower/safflower/ groundnut seed cake for use asfeed supplement during droughtMotivating the sugarcane farmers to convert greensugarcane tops in to silage by the end of FebruaryPreserving the green maize fodder as silageDevelopment of hortipastoral systems inexistingorchardsEstablishment of fodder bank at village level withavailable dry fodder (wheat straw, Sorghum/ Bajrastover, groundnut haulms, sugarcane tops)

Harvest and use biomass of dried up crops (Pearlmillet,Pigeon pea, Sorghum, maize, Wheat, Green gram,Black gram, Soybean, cluster bean) material as fodderUse of unconventional and locally available cheap feedingredients especially soya meal waste andsunflower/safflower/ groundnut seed cake for feedingof livestock during droughtHarvest all the top fodder available (Subabul,Glyricidia, Pipol, Prosopis etc) and feed the LS duringdroughtConcentrate ingredients such as Grains, brans, chunnies& oilseed cakes, low grade grains etc. unfit for humanconsumption should be procured from Govt. Godownsfor feeding high productive animals during droughtPromotion of Horse gram as contingent crop and

Encourage progressive farmersto grow multi cut fodder cropsof sorghum/bajra/maize(UPchari, MP chari, HC-136, HD-2, GAINT BAJRA, L-74, K-677, Ananad/African Tall,Kisan composite, Moti,Manjari, B1-7 on their ownlands with input subsidySupply of quality seeds ofCOFS 29, Stylo and fodderslips of Marvel, Yaswant,Jaywant, Napier, guinea grasswell before monsoonFlushing the stock to recoup

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Development of silvopastoral models with Leucaena,Glyricidia, Prosopis as fodder trees and Marvel,Madras Anjan, Stylo, Desmanthus, etc., as understorey grassEncourage fodder production with Sorghum – stylo-

Sorghum on rotation basis and also to cultivate short-term fodder crops like sunhempPromote Azola cultivation at backyardFormation of village Disaster Management CommitteeCapacity building and preparedness of the stakeholdersand official staff for the drought/floods/cyclones

harvesting it at vegetative stage as fodderAll the hay should be enriched with 2% Urea molassessolution or 1% common salt solution and fed to LS.Continuous supplementation of minerals to preventinfertility.Encourage mixing available kitchen waste with dryfodder while feeding to the milch animalsArrangements should be made for mobilization ofsmall ruminants across the districts where no droughtexitsUnproductive livestock should to be culled duringsevere droughtCreate transportation and marketing facilities for theculled and unproductive animals (10000-20000animals)Subsidized loans (5-10 crores) should be provided tothe livestock keepers

Replenish the feed andfodder banks

Drinkingwater

Make available wholesome clean drinking waterthroughout the year for livestockAdopt various water conservation methods at villagelevel to improve the ground water level for adequatewater supply.Identification of water resourcesRain water harvesting and create water bodies/wateringpoints (when water is scarce use only as drinking waterfor animals)Construction of drinking water tanks in herdingplaces/village junctions/relief camp locationsDrinking water troughs should be provided in shandies/community grazing areas

Provide wholesome clean drinking water throughoutthe dayRestrict wallowing of animals in waterbodies/resourcesAdd alum in stagnated water bodies

aily basis.

Watershed managementpractices should be promotedto conserve the rainwater.Bleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesDesilting of pondsSensitize the farmingcommunity aboutimportance of clean drinkingwater for livestock

Health anddiseasemanagemen

Procure and stock emergency medicines and vaccinesfor important endemic diseases of the areaAll the stock must be immunized for endemic

diseases of the area before the onset of monsoonSurveillance and disease monitoring network to beestablished at Joint Director (Animal Husbandry) officein the districtAdequate refreshment training on disaster managementto be given to animal husbandry department staffProcure and stock multivitamins & area specificmineral mixture

Conduct mass animal health camps in every villageKeep close watch on health of different livestockspeciesIdentification and quarantine of sick animalsPerforming ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case ofany outbreakTick control measures should be implemented toprevent tick borne diseases in productive animalsKeep the animal houses clean and spray disinfectantsSafe and hygienic disposal of dead animal carcasses

Keep close surveillance ondisease outbreak.Undertake the vaccinationdepending on needRestricting movement oflivestock in case of anyepidemicFarmers should be advised tobreed their milch animalsduring July-September so thatthe peak milk production doesnot coincide with mid summer

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Cyclone/Floods

Harvest all the possible immature and or wetted grain(Pearlmillet, Pigeon pea, Sorghum, Wheat, Greengram, Black gram, maize, Soybean, cluster bean etc)and store properly for use as animal feed.Protect the stored dry roughage feed (wheatstraw/sorghum stover etc.,) from wetting andinundation of stagnated waterProcure and stock vaccines for important endemicdiseasesMake available emergency medicines, anti-diarrhealdrugs and electrolytes for transport to the needy areasKeep stock of bleaching powder and lime

Don’t allow the animals for grazing in case of earlyforewarning (EFW)Incase of EFW of severe cyclone/floods, shift theanimals to safer placesSurveillance and disease monitoring network to beestablished at Animal Husbandry Department in eachdistrictArrange transportation facilities for animals to shift

from low lying areas to safer places and also for animalhealth workers for rescue operations

Arrange relief camps to save productive and highvalued animalsShift productive and high valued animals fromaffected areas to relief campsCarryout deworming to all the animals entering intorelief campsProper hygiene and sanitation of the relief camps,animal sheds and surroundingsAvoid feeding soaked and mould infected feeds /fodders to livestockTreatment of the sick, injured and affected animalsthrough arrangement of mobile emergency veterinaryhospitals / rescue animal health workers.

Spray fly repellants like neem oil, Butax etc., in animalsheds and relief campsIdentification and quarantine of sick animalsPerform ring vaccination (8 km radius) in case of anydisease outbreakSprinkle lime in relief camps and animal shedsProper disposal of dung from relief camps and animalsheds

Restrict movement of animalsin case of epidemicRepair of animal shedCleaning and disinfection ofthe shedBleach (0.1%) drinking water /water sourcesDeworm all the animalsthrough mass campsVaccinate against possibledisease out breaks like HS, BQ,FMD and PPRProper dispose of the deadanimals / carcasses by burning/ deep burying (4-8 feet) withlime powder (1kg for smallruminants and 5kg for largeruminants) in pitBleach / chlorinate (0.1%)drinking water or waterresourcesCollect drowned crop material,dry it and store for future useSowing of short durationfodder crops in unsown andwater logged areas when cropsare damaged and no chance toreplantApplication of urea (20-25kg/ha) in the inundated areasand CPR’s to enhance the biomass production.

Heat & Coldwave

Arrangement for protection from heat wavei) Plantation around the shedii) Arrangement of H2O sprinklers / foggers in

the shediii) Application of white reflector paint on the roofiv) Thatched sheds should be provided as a shelter

to minimize heat stressCold wave : Covering all the wire meshed walls / openarea with gunny bags/ polyethylene sheets (with a

Heat wave: Allow the animals early in the morning orlate in the evening for grazingFeed green fodder/silage / concentrates during day timeand roughages / hay during night timePut on the foggers / sprinklers during day timeIn severe cases, vitamin ‘C’ and electrolytes should beadded in H2O during day timeCold wave :Allow for grazing between 10AM to 3PMAdd 25-50 ml of edible oil in concentrates and fed to

Feed the animals as per routinescheduleAllow the animals for grazing(normal timings)

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mechanism for lifting during the day time and puttingdown during night time)

the animalsPut on the heaters during night timeApply / sprinkle lime powder in the animal shed toneutralize ammonia accumulation

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission for insurance claimand availing insurance benefitPurchase of new productiveanimals

2.5.2 Poultry

Suggested contingency measuresBefore the eventa During the event After the event

DroughtShortage of feed ingredients Storing of grain like maize,

bajra, jowar, broken wheat/ riceetc, to use as supplemental feedduring drought

Feed with house hold grain to all the birds inthe noon i.e., after morning scavengingSupplementation of shell grit (calcium) forlaying birdsCulling of weak birds

Feed supplementation to all the survivalbirds

Drinking water Store adequate good qualitywater

Use water sanitizers and offer cool hygienicdrinking water

Provide clean and hygienic drinking water

Health and disease management Culling of sick birds.Deworming and vaccinationagainst RD and IBD

Supplementation of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complex including vit C in drinking water(5ml in one litre water)

Hygienic and sanitation of poultry houseDisposal of dead birds by burning /burying with lime powder in pit

FloodsShortage of feed ingredients In case of early forewarning of

floods, shift the birds to saferplaceStoring of grain like maize,bajra, jowar, broken wheat/ riceetc

Use stored feed as supplementDon’t allow for scavengingCulling of weak birds

Routine practices are followedDeworming and vaccination against RD

Drinking water Protect the stored water fromcontamination

Use water sanitizersOffer hygienic drinking water


Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibioticpowder(Terramycin/Ampicilline/Ampiclox etc., 10g in one litre)in drinking water to prevent anydisease outbreak

Prevent water logging around the shedsProvide proper drainage facility to clearstagnated waterAssure supply of electricity by generator orsolar energy or biogasSprinkle lime powder to prevent ammoniaaccumulation due to dampnessSanitation of poultry house

Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsDisposal of dead birds by burning /burying with line powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure to preventprotozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats in feedVaccination against RD

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CycloneShortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds

to safer placeStoring of grain like maize,bajra, jowar, broken wheat/ riceetc Culling of weak birds

Use stored feed as supplementDon’t allow for scavengingProtect from thunder storms

Routine practices are followed

Drinking water Protect the stored water fromcontamination

Use water sanitizersOffer hygienic drinking water


Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibioticpowder in drinking water toprevent any disease outbreak

Sanitation of poultry houseTreatment of affected birdsPrevent water logging around the shedsAssure supply of electricitySprinkle lime powder (5-10g per square feet)to prevent ammonia accumulation due todampness

Disposal of dead birds by burning / deepburying with lime powder in pitDisposal of poultry manure to preventprotozoal problemSupplementation of coccidiostats in feedVaccination against Ranikhet Disease

Heat wave

Shelter/environment management Provision of proper shelter withgood ventilation

In severe cases, foggers/watersprinklers/wetting of hanged gunny bagsshould be arranged in the shedDon’t allow for scavenging during mid day


Health and disease management Deworming and vaccinationagainst RD and fowl pox

Supplementation with house hold grainProvide cool and clean drinking water withelectrolytes and vit. CIn hot summer, add anti-stress probiotics indrinking water or feed


Cold waveShelter/environment management Provision of proper shelter

Arrangement for broodingAssure supply of continuouselectricity

Close all openings with polythene sheetsIn severe cases, arrange heaters in the shedDon’t allow for scavenging during earlymorning and late evening


Health and disease management Deworming and vaccinationagainst IBD

Supplementation with house hold grainSanitation of poultry houseSprinkle lime powder (5-10g per square feet)to prevent ammonia accumulation due todampness


a based on forewarning wherever available

2.5.3 Fisheries: Not applicable

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