Starter

•Read 11.4▫Answer concept checks 2-4

Starter

•Read page 236 in a book from the back•Compare and contrast DNA and RNA•Define transcription, translation, and

codon

RNA vs DNA

•DNA – deoxyribose

•RNA – ribose

RNA vs DNA

•RNA ▫A-U▫G-C

•DNA▫A-T▫G-C

•RNA is single stranded•DNA is double stranded

Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis

•Creating proteins•Most complex construction in the cell•Numerous molecules and energy

▫Single gene encodes the information for a single protein GENE = Section of DNA that codes for a

protein. •DNA RNA Proteins

Transcription – Step 1 of Protein Synthesis•DNA transcribed into mRNA

1. Enzyme unwinds DNA2. mRNA gets constructed Enzyme bonds the RNA

nucleotides together using the DNA gene as its template

3. mRNA leaves the DNA strand and nucleus

Goes to the cytoplasm4. DNA reforms with its hydrogen

bonds

•Read Page 238▫Answer question 1 on page 241

•Go through transcription using the bold and underlined sequence as your gene sequence.

3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’

3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’

Starter

•Explain transcription.

Translation – Step 2 of protein synthesis

tRNA

•Decodes mRNA to proteins•One end forms base pairs with mRNA

▫Anticodon•Opposite end

▫Site for AA

Translation – Step 2 of protein synthesis – after the ribosome is attached2. Initiation

▫Start codon (AUG)3. Elongation

▫Amino acids are being added to each otherCodon by codon

4. Termination▫mRNA has stop codon▫No AA

• Protein is complete

Assignment•Read Pages 239-241

▫Ignore the top of the page (Editing RNA)▫Answer concept Checks 3 and 4.▫Write down a question about something you

don’t understand with protein synthesis.

Go through transcription and translation of the following sequences:

3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’

3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’

Answers

mRNA AUGCCGGGGAUUACGUUUUAA

AA sequenceMET – PRO – GLY – ILE – THR – PHE – STOP

mRNAAUGUUACAAUGGACGCAGUGA

AA sequenceMET – LEU – GLN – TRP – THR – GLN - STOP

Your turn. Go through transcription and translation with the following DNA sequences.

3’ – TACGGCCCCTAATGCAAAATT – 5’5’ – ATGCCGGGGATTACGTTTTAA – 3’

3’ – TACAATGTTACCTGCGTCACT – 5’5’ – ATGTTACAATGGACGCAGTGA – 3’