STARTER 1. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular organism?a) Humanb) Pine Treec) Antd) E. coli bacteria

2. Asexual reproduction can also be referred to as:

a)Multicellularb)Photosynthesisc) Mitosisd)Respiration

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Biology

WHAT ARE THEY?

Contain CarbonCarbon is a naturally occurring element that is found in ALL Living Organisms

There are 4 classes of Organic CompoundsCarbohydratesLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins

CARBOHYDRATES

Purpose:“quick energy”structural support

CARBOHYDRATES

Examples include:Sugars (all end in “ose”)

Glucose = a type of monosaccharideFructose = a type of disaccharideCellulose(found in a plant’s cell wall) = a polysaccharide

StarchesBread, Pasta = types of polysaccharides

Glycogen is a starch breaks down to form glucose

CARBOHYDRATES

Subunit:Monosaccharides (1 sugar)

Disaccharides (2 sugars)Polysaccharides (3 or more sugars)

LIPIDS

Purpose:“long term” energy storageinsulationcell membrane

LIPIDS

Examples: Fats, waxes, oils, butter

The structure of a lipid forms an E shape 3 fatty acids & 1 glycerolFatty Acid

Fatty Acid

Fatty Acid

G

L

Y

C

E

R

O

L

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Function: Genetic Material Stores informationGenesBlueprints for building proteins DNA RNA Proteins

Transfers informationTo new cells

NUCLEIC ACIDS•Subunits:

• Nucleotides• One nucleotide contains Phosphate, Sugar and Base

•One nucleotide is a monomer

•Nucleotide chained together makes a polymer (like DNA and RNA)

Examples: DNA & RNA

PROTEINS

Multipurpose molecules! Growth and repair Provide structural support Hormones Immune System Enzymes

Proteins come in all different shapes!

PROTEINS

Subunit: Amino Acids

20 different amino acids (each one is different)

Chain of amino acids creates = protein

PROTEINS

Examples: Muscle Skin, hair, fingernails

Collagen and Keratin

Insulin Hormone controls blood sugar

Enzymes Help chemical reactions

Hemoglobin found in red blood cells (it transports oxygen)