Standards and regulations for a bio-based economy and a circular economy in Europe

www.greenchemistry.net

Europe’s bio-based and circular economies:

[email protected] Rio de Janeiro April 2016

Standards and regulation


Mandated standardisation – Voluntary trade documents

Directives – Centrally determined targets

Regulation – Enforced laws

Bio-based products

Renewable energy, emissions, waste, and the circular economy

REACH, CLPIncreasing authority

europa.eu/eu-law/decision-making/legal-acts/index_en.htm


REACHRegulation (EC 1907/2006)

ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/reach/reach_en.htm

Trichloroethylene, sunset date: 21/04/2016



www3.kemi.se/en/Content/Statistics/Statistics-in-brief/Statistics-in-brief---Products-and-sectors/Solvents/

Swedish chlorinated solvent use

Law passed in 1991Implemented

1996



Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource Management, by T. Sterner and J. Coria; Economic Instruments in Chemicals Policy: Past Experiences and Prospects for Future Use, by Patrik Söderholm; D. Slunge and T. Sterner, European Environment, 2001, 11, 281; The effect of different regulatory schemes taking the use of trichloroethylene in Sweden and Germany as an example, by F. Birkenfeld et al.

Elsewhere in Europe…

Norway placed a tax on TCE at 300-500% of marketprice (2000)

Germany created very strict TCE emissionlimits to discourage use and requirementsto only use closed systems (1986)



eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1448547555782&uri=OJ:JOC_2015_392_R_0006

Two TCE REACH authorisations were granted last year(17 more pending, 7-12 year authorisation periods expected)



echa.europa.eu/regulations/reach/authorisation/the-candidate-listecha.europa.eu/candidate-list-table

Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC)An opportunity for bio-based products?

NO2

O

O

O

O

OO

NN

NH2

OS

O

O O

O

N

O

H

Cl

ClCl

H2N NH2


Bio-based product standardisation www.cen.eu/work/products/ENs/Pages/default.aspx

A standard provides harmonised rules, guidelines or characteristics for products, activities, and test results.

Rather technical and mostly unknown to the public, standards are often perceived as boring and not particularly relevant, but are actually crucial in facilitating trade.

Benefits from standardization:• mutual understanding• increased product safety and quality

assurance• lower transaction costs and prices.


Open-bio is developing test methods and recommendations for European standards describing bio-based content, biodegradation, recycling strategies, as well as labelling and procurement tools, and evaluating social acceptance. www.biobasedeconomy.eu/research/open-bio

• Our goal is to assist the growth of the European bio-based product market.

• Started in November 2014 as a 3 year EC-funded FP7 project.

Bio-based product standardisation


co-normative research

pre-normative researchResearch

results

TC 411normative action

Questions

Answers

Answers



Fossil reserves

Not recirculated

Sustainability criteria (EN 16751)

Bio-based content (CEN/TS 16640 & EN 16785-1)

End-of-life options:•Mechanical recycling

•Chemical recycling

•Biodegradation

renewrecycle

reuse

Vertical standards (e.g. CEN/TS 16766), communication templates (e.g. FprEN 16848) & LCA (EN 16760)

www.cen.eu/work/areas/chemical/biobased/Pages/default.aspx


Performance Bio-based content

HSE Sustainability

Bio-based solventsCEN/TS 16766

At least 25% bio-based carbon• Class A: ≥95%• Class B: ≥50%• Class C: ≥25%

Provide data but no threshold values:• Polarity• Volatility• Colour

• Density• Viscosity

No harsher than REACH and GHS/CLP

No extra barriers for bio-based solvents

Sustainable biomass must be used, and optionally the

production phase assessed



How to unify these ‘green’ EU economic strategies?

Circular economy (general legislated targets)

ec.europa.eu/environment/circular-economy/index_en.htm

Reduce food waste and

marine litter

Increase recycling and re-use of municipal

waste to 65%

Maximum landfilling

rate of 10%

Bio-based economy (standardised product descriptions)

www.biobasedeconomy.eu

Biomass

Products

Some end-of-life

requirements for certain products



Recirculated:Returned to use within a certain timeframe by an anthropogenic process and/or a natural process.

Open-Bio D3.4 Definitions for renewable elements and renewable molecules

Cycles

Renewable:Comes from renewable resources and is returned to use within a certain timeframe by a natural process.

Returned to use within a certain timeframe by an anthropogenic process.

Recyclable:

Reusable:Returned to use within a certain timeframe without modification to the parent article or loss of performance.

Report available online at http://www.biobasedeconomy.eu/research/open-bio/publications

www.greenchemistry.net16

Thank [email protected]/profile/James_Sherwood2

http://www.slideshare.net/JamesSherwood2blogs.rsc.org/gc/author/sherwoodj

http://www.york.ac.uk/res/s4/twitter.com/S4_Solvents www.york.ac.uk/chemistry/research/green

Standards and regulations for a bio-based economy and a circular economy in Europe

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