Standardizing DTN for Space Communicationsipnsig.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/IPNSIG... ·...

© 2015. All rights reserved. Approved for public release, distribution unlimited; MITRE PR 15-1384

Keith Scott – MITRE Corporation

Leigh Torgerson – Jet Propulsion Laboratory,

California Institute of Technology

Standardizing DTN for Space Communications

May 18, 2015

NOTICE

This work was performed for the U.S. Government under Prime Contract No.

NNN12AA01C and JPL Contract No. 1469581 and is subject to FAR 52.227-14

(6/87) Rights in Data General, and Article GP-51, Rights in Data General,

respectively.

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Outline

CCSDS Overview

Space Internetworking Timeline

– SISG work

Considerations (CCSDS Space Packets, IP, DTN)

Conclusions

Report, Operations Concept

CCSDS Work

– Completed (or nearly completed)

SSI Architecture Green Book

Licklider Transmission Protocol for CCSDS (Profile of RFC5326)

Bundle Protocol for CCSDS (profile of RFC5050)

– Current and Future Work

Contact Graph Routing (routing on scheduled graphs)

Bundle Protocol Security

Network Management

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CCSDS – An Agency-Led International Committee

– Currently 11 Member agencies

– Currently 29 Observer Agencies

– Agencies represent 27 nations (and 3 European orgs)

– Currently 118 Commercial Associates

Also functions as an ISO Subcommittee

– TC20/SC13 - Space Data & Info Transfer Systems

– Represents 20 nations

Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)

3

OBSERVER

AGENCIES

ASA/Austria

BFSPO/Belgium

CAS/China

CAST/China

CLTC/China

CSIRO/Australia

DCTA/Brazil

DNSC/Denmark

EUMETSAT/Europe

EUTELSAT/Europe

GISTDA/Thailand

HNSC/Greece

IKI/Russia

ISRO/India

KARI/Korea

KFKI/Hungary

MOC/Israel

NCST/USA

NICT/Japan

NOAA/USA

NSARK/Kazakhstan

NSPO/Taiwan

SANSA/South Africa

SSC/Sweden

SSO/Switzerland

SUPARCO/Pakistan

TsNIIMash/Russia

TUBITAK/Turkey

USGS/USA

MEMBER

AGENCIES

ASI/Italy

CNES/France

CNSA/China

CSA/Canada

DLR/Germany

ESA/Europe

FSA/Russia

INPE/Brazil

JAXA/Japan

NASA/USA

UKSA/UK

e e e

Figure from CCSDS Overview Presentation

http://cwe.ccsds.org/cmc/docs/CCSDS Overview Charts/CCSDS Overview - Oct 2014.pptx

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CCSDS Objectives

The Essential Message

CCSDS:

Advancing Technology

With International Agreements

To Use That Technology

3

CAPABILITY

and COOPERATION



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Data Archive Ingestion Navigation Spacecraft Monitor &

Control Telerobotics Mission Planning and

Scheduling

Mission Ops &

Info Mgt Services

Motion Imagery & Apps

Delay Tolerant Networking

Voice CFDP Revisions

Space Internetworking

Services

CS Service Management CS Transfer Services Cross Supt Service Arch.

Cross Support

Services

RF & Modulation Space Link Coding &

Sync. Multi/Hyper Data

Compress. Space Link Protocols Next Generation Uplink Space Data Link Security Optical Coding and Mod

Space Link

Services

CCSDS Overview End-to-End Architecture

One Organization’s Assets

Another Organization’s Assets

Onboard Wireless WG

Application Supt

Services (incl. Plug-n-

Play)

Spacecraft Onboard

Interface Services

MISSION CONTROL

CENTER

MISSION CONTROL

CENTER End Users

End Users

Applications/Archives

Security Delta-DOR Timeline Data Exchange Systems Architecture XML Standards and Guidelines

Systems Engineering Six Technical Areas,

Twenty-One Teams Working Group (producing standards) Birds-Of-a-Feather stage (pre-approval) Special Interest Group (integration forum)

Typical Mission Profile



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Space Internetworking Strategy Group

Working group under Interagency Operations Advisory Group (IOAG) – Provide recommendations concerning a strategy for internetworking in space

– Charter: The IOAG resolves to form a Space Internetworking Strategy Group to reach international consensus on a recommended approach for transitioning the participating agencies towards a future “network centric” era of space mission operations. The group will focus on the extension of internetworked services across the Solar System, including multi-hop data transfer to and from remote space locations and local networked data interchange within and among the space end systems.

SISG Final Report (November 2008)

– “Transition future space mission operations to rely on an end-to-end internetworked model of data communications.”

– Use DTN or IP as appropriate

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Delay Tolerant Networking Protocol Suite for CCSDS

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CCSDS DTN Standards Schedule

ISS Change Request (CR) 01379 Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN)

on Joint Station LAN

LTP

BP

SSI Architecture

Requirements

CGR

Security

First Hop / Last Hop

Streaming

Neighbor Discovery

Dynamic Routing

BP Update

First ION Open-Source Release

EO-1 Demonstration

ESA OPSCOM-1 DTN on ISS Operational

(Expected)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Network Management

SISG Report

IETF DTN WG Formed

RFC 5050

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CCSDS Profile of LTP

Based on RFC5326

Limits ranges of some SDNV fields (session numbers, checkpoint and report serial numbers)

Allows for Authentication ONLY from LTP Security (no cookies)

LTP Service Data Aggregation

– Red (reliable) LTP data only

– Reduce overhead when sending multiple small blocks

Sending LTP Engine

ReceivingLTP Engine

SDA LTP Client SDA LTP Client

CP CheckpointRS Report SegmentRA Report AcknowledgmentEORP End of Red PartEOB End of Block

Tran

sact

ion

.re

qu

est

SessionStart.indication

TransmissionSessionComplete.indication

InitialTransmissionComplete.indication

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

SessionStart.indication

R1

R2

R3

R4

1, R13, R23, R31, R4

Red

Par

tRec

ep

tio

n.

ind

icat

ion

Sending SDA Client

Receiving SDA Client

1, R13, R23, R31, R4

RedPartReception.indication

Red

Par

tRec

ep

tio

n.

ind

icat

ion

s

Tran

sact

ion

.re

qu

ests

2

2

InitialTransmissionComplete.indication

X, R1LTP SDA Capsule to client service ID X

1, R13, R23, R31, R4

2

LTP Block containing LTP Service Data Aggregation Capsules

13

31 R2Y

LTP Block containing data ‘R2’ to client service ID Y

R

R1

R2

R3

R4

13

31

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CCSDS Profile of BP

Based on RFC5050

Compressed Bundle Header Encoding (ipn naming scheme)

Extended Class of Service Block

– ‘Critical’ bundles forwarded over all paths (flooding)

– Flow labels

– Support for streaming applications

– 255 sub-levels of priority (extends BP class-of-service 2 (expedited))

Aggregate Custody Signal Mechanisms (Custody Signal Compression)

Convergence Layer Adapters

Delay-Tolerant Payload Conditioning (TCP for DTN)

– In-order delivery

– End-to-end positive acknowledgment

– End-to-end retransmission (above custody transfer)

– Duplicate suppression

– Aggregation of small bundles into larger payloads to reduce overhead

– Application-controlled elision of redundant data

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Current and Future Work Contact Graph Routing

CGR is not a routing protocol per se (no protocol for exchanging

schedules, though one is being developed)

Need standardization of decision-making process (for

forwarding) for consistency of routing

4

2

3

6

2

5 2

3

2

3

3

2

74

4

3S

3

D

Traditional Routing

4

2

3

6

2

5 2

3

2

3

3

2

74

4

3S

3

D

Scheduled Routing

(with slotted time)

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Far Future Routing: Building Contact Plans

Figures from Operations Concept for a Solar System

Internetwork (SSI), October 2010

https://www.ioag.org/Public Documents/SISG Operations Concept for SSI - final version.pdf

https://www.ioag.org/Public Documents/SISG Operations Concept for SSI - final version.pdf

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Current and Future Work BP Security for CCSDS

Adapt the Bundle Security Protocol for CCSDS

– CCSDS version of BP is based off of RFC5050

– CCSDS will track IETF SBSP developments and standardize

something close

Can’t leverage changes to base BP to support security

Active work item in CCSDS SIS-DTN Working Group

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Current and Future Work Network Management

Delay-Tolerant Network Management Protocol (DTNMP)

– ‘The SNMP of DTN’

– Oriented towards:

Periodic reporting (telemetry)

Anomaly reporting (If [Conditions] Send [Stuff] and Do [Other Stuff]

Other Network Management Components

– Database

– Data ingest from multiple sources

Cross Support

Scheduling

…

– APIs for data output

– Emergency Ops

NM&C

database(s)

DTN L&G

or SLE SM

commands

generated

node

rpts node

rptsOOB

node

rpts

db record

creator

telemetry

extracttelemetry

extracttelemetry

extract

db record

creatordb record

creator

db record

creatordb record

creatordb record

creator

db Push

Server

db

Query I/F

DTN-MP

GUI

middleware

DSN Scheduling

inputs

SCT Scheduling

inputsSCT Scheduling

inputsSCT Scheduling

input processing

DSN Scheduling

inputsLink Scheduling

input processing

DTN

Node

SCaN

systemsSCaN

systemsESA or

SCaN

systems

S/C

Ops

Teams

CGR management

DTN Node config

and initialization

management tool

non-DTN

S/C

telemetry

non-DTN

S/C

telemetry

non-DTN

S/C

telemetry

db command

history record

creator

DTN MP

DTN

Node

DTN MP

DTN

Node

DTN MP Agt

Link Status data

processingLink Status data

processingLink Status data

processing

(e.g.DSN SQA)

db record

creatordb record

creatordb record

creator

NMC

DTN

Node

DTN MP Mgr

N

I

S

N

SSH cmds to

land nodes

db command

history record

creator

BSRs

DTN MP Mgr

Command Line

Display

DTN MP GUI Display

DTN BSR and log

Displays

Node topology and

Link Status Displays

NM&C Database

Query GUI

Admin Remote Logins

S/C

Ops

Teams

S/C

Ops

Teams

Input processing Ops Database(s) Display and output processing

USER SPACECRAFT

COMM LINK SERVICES

S/C OPERATORS

Payload

Ops &

Science

Payload

Ops &

Science

Payload

Ops &

Science

SCIENCE OPS

DTN MP reports

(BRS)

LINK

PLANNINGLINK

PLANNINGLINK

PLANNING

DTN bundles

(NMC Admin Node)

Station Monitor DataLegacy TLM

SLE SM et al

(EVRs)

(bundles)

source: eocsw_plus_dtnmp_v2.curio / L.Torgerson

Figure from Leigh Torgerson, JPL

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Multi-Center JPL/JSC/MSFC

CCSDS-compliant

Space Data System (SDS) Overview

DTN

Telemetry

Downlink

DTN

Command &

File Transfer

Uplink

MPCV Hardware / Software

iPAS Lab, JSC Bldg. 29

Protocol Test Lab@JPL

DSN Operations Center Sim

Space-to-Ground Comm Link Sim

4 sec. light time / 2% error rate in

current 24/7 iPAS use

OTF@JSC Bldg. 30 PTL@JPL

HOSC@MSFC

The only SDS prototype based end-to-

end on CCSDS international standards:

Delay / Disruption Tolerant Networking

Bundle Protocol

Licklider Transmission Protocol

Asynchronous Message Service

Spacecraft Monitoring and Control

CCSDS File Delivery Protocol

This SDS Provides a

prototype for Deep

Space Network

automation based on

CCSDS standards

This SDS will raise the TRL

of all of these protocols.

SCaN DSN with DSOC

as DTN “ISP”

(slide by Tom Rich, JSC & Leigh Torgerson, JPL)

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Future Work First Hop / Last Hop Communications

A ‘standard application’ that implements a BP tunnel for data /

commands for spacecraft in distress

– Enable link-layer communications when the target spacecraft’s

networking stack is down

DTN

(Bundle Protocol)

Link-Layer

Communications

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Backups

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Phy1

AOS TC/TM Prox-1

Space Packets Encap Packets

Phy2 PhyN

IP Packets DTN Bundles

Applications needing only link-

local communications

Applications needing routed comms in low-

delay, connected environments

Applications needing routed

comms in possibly intermittently-

connected environments

Some applications may choose to use multiple modes of communication.

OSI Layer 1

OSI Layer 2, 2.5

OSI Layer 3

Figure from SISG Phase I Report Final, 15 October 2010

https://www.ioag.org/Public Documents/SISG Phase I report %E2%80%93 final.pdf

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Control Center

Control Center

Control Center

Simple planetary cases:AgenciesRoversSurface relaysOrbital relays

Even this basic scenarioIs simply complicated

Single Spacecraft, Single Data Link

Distant and intermittently connected network of spacecraft

SLE

SLE

Space PacketsIP

DTN

DTN

IPDTN

Close and well-connected network of spacecraft

DTN

IPDTN

Distant but locally well-connected network of spacecraft

IPDTN

DTN

Figure from SISG Phase I Report Final, 15 October 2010

https://www.ioag.org/Public Documents/SISG Phase I report %E2%80%93 final.pdf

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