Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT · Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT A project of the...
Transcript of Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT · Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT A project of the...
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Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT
A project of the UITP Bus Committeein collaboration with manufacturers
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TEC Urban Cycle
Cycle Urbain : a = 1m/s2 et d = 2 m/s2
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V
Vc=12,97 km/h
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Cycle RATP AQA21
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Series1
Series2
RATP Aqa 21 Cycle
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Fahrzyklus zur Kraftstoffverbrauchsmessung
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Streckenlänge [m]
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hw. [
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400m 400m
200m
250m 250m
500m
750m
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400m 400m 400m
300m
Stop 40 sec.
Stop 10 sec
Evobus Cycle
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Objectives
EcologicalNormativeTechnicalContractualEconomical
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Ecological reasons
• (pollution)• consumption• new technologies - results
– reliability– comparability
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Normative reasons
• Limited relevance of EC norms• “13 mode” test• new European cycles
need to test entire vehicles• (results expressed in g/k)• real operation conditions• objective comparison
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Technical reasons
• Large array of cinematic chains possible for same vehicle
• Simplify process of vehicle choice and optimisation
• Avoid quick conclusions in bids• Availability of comparative information
– between models– between technologies
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Contractual reasons
• Guarantees on performancesconsumption
• Possibility to compare bids• Relevance of a contractual cycle
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Economical reasons
• Minimise operation costs• Minimise costs for official
acceptance and conformity control tests
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Standardised on-road cycles =
Advantage for all parties• Operators• Manufacturers• Certifiers
But issues remain to be solved….
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Vehicle load Line Topography Obstacles – Congestion - Stops
Boarding time Acceleration Agreed speed
COMMERCIAL SPEED
CONSUMPTION
Vehicle Performance
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CONSUMPTION IS STRONLY INTERTWINED WITH COMMERCIAL SPEED (Source : RATP)
7062
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Die
sel C
onsu
mpt
ion
Numbers indicate line identification.
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• How to design cycles suitable to all?• Condition for large scale use
• How to neutralise external factors?• Condition for repeatability
• How to design simple cycles?• Feasibility condition
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Quality of cycles
• representative• normative• repeatable• easy to use
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Cycles
Time
Section 1Section 2
Section 3
STOP
Module 1 Module 2
AD
COMPLETE CYCLE
2 3
Speed
T3T3T1T0
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Urban Operation Suburban Operation
12 km/h 17 km/h 27 km/h
Heavy urban Easy urban Suburban
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Heavy urban Cycle
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06.213.819.426.930.438.738.738.738.768.778.881.792.8
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Easy Urban Cycle
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)0.017.159.675.0106.6135.3170.0170.0170.0170.0170.0266.5423.5520.0
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Suburban Cycle
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07.611.019.429.532.343.557.368.782.5112.5138.6149.2170.1
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Urban Operation Suburban Operation
12 km/h 17 km/h 27 km/h
Heavy urban Easy urban Suburban
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Influence of external factors
• Rolling resistance– independent factors– manufacturer’s bound factors
• Driver⇒ relevant to carry out tests on track
with computer-aided driving…
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Characteristics of vehicle to be tested
• half load (3.2 t)• standard basis equipment (legal)• no accessories operating• door open/close operation at end of a
module• run-in engine (10 to 15.000 km)• nominal tuning (pressure etc)
– accessories are tested separately…
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SORT should become a standard
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Standardised On-Road Test Cycles - SORT
A project of the UITP Bus Committeein collaboration with manufacturers