Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.
-
Upload
aubrey-hart -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.
![Page 1: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Standardised Avalanche Reports
Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg
![Page 2: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Do back country skiers understand the avalanche report in the way the producers intend that?
Result: Yes and No !!!
2/3 can reproduce the danger level correctly.
but:
2/3 are not able to quote the additional information in the avalanche reports correctly.
![Page 3: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Who knows the additional information in the avalanche reports ? ? ?
- people with avalanche trainings,
- experts in snow and avalanches
- using avalanche strategies (50% of the users),
- those who consider avalanche reports as important
- those who can recognize terrain features
![Page 4: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1. A picture says more than 1000 words!
The reader translates the report into pictures and compares this with reality
> > > source of errors
example:ask person about slope exposition –
he´ll roll his eyes and talk with his hands and arms
![Page 5: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2. First things first!
Description of the avalanche situation should be the first topic
Information on the snow cover is important, but needs more expert knowledge to be understood.
Weather is important, but there are weather reports and readers look for avalanche information first.
![Page 6: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
3. From the simple to the complex!
A user with poor expert knowledge should find those informations he needs the most (exposition, height etc.)on the best place.
![Page 7: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The more a user studies the avalanche report,the more possibilities in the mountains he should be offered.
This rule would motivate the user to go further into the text and to translate these informations into real terrain.
E.g. : danger level 3
Regional danger level e. g. for Silvretta: below 2000m
Exposition: North to Southeast danger spots: close to ridges
![Page 8: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
4. Standardised Layout:
Learning new icons needs time
They only work if they are :
standardised across the Alps!
Once reports are standardised, a large synergy potential becomes available (approx factor 10)
(example of the European danger scale)
![Page 9: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
European Weather Warnings
![Page 10: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
European Weather Warnings
Launch on 23rd March 2007: 12 Mio hits/day !
![Page 11: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Science of communication :
3 Rules for the warning of the public:
![Page 12: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Science of communication :
3 Rules for the warning of the public:
• Infos have to be clear and concise- speak like the people
(floods: these houses have to be evacuated)
![Page 13: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Science of communication :
3 Rules for the warning of the public:
• Infos have to be clear and concise- speak like the people
(floods: these houses have to be evacuated)
• System has to be consistent as a whole: Warnings - Definitions
![Page 14: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Science of communication :
3 Rules for the warning of the public:
• Infos have to be clear and concise- speak like the people
(floods: these houses have to be evacuated)
• System has to be consistent as a whole: Warnings - Definitions
• Good symbols concentrate the information,
raise the level of attention - (learning phase)
![Page 15: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Amount of information > > > >
Pyramid of informaton:pen
etra
tion
dep
th >
> >
![Page 16: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
danger level
Texts:1. Avalanche danger2. Snow cover 3. Weather
user knowledge today:
2/3
1/3
greenhorn
![Page 17: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
danger level
Texts:1. Avalanche danger2. Snow cover 3. Weather
user knowledge today:
2/3
1/3
greenhornmountain guide
commission
![Page 18: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3
danger degree
Language independent
Avalanche danger
user knowledge tomorrow:
2/3
1/3 >> 2/3
¼ >> 2/3 !!
greenhorn
Texte:1. Avalanche danger2. Snow cover3. Weather4. Tendency
![Page 19: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
3
danger degree
Texte:1. Avalanche danger2. Snow cover3. Weather4. Tendency
user knowledge tomorrow:
„greenhorn“
„Snowslabs on southeastern slopes
above 2000m already in the morning“
![Page 20: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
wet + dry aval. seperately
![Page 21: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Bavaria:
history of danger level
![Page 32: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
DAV –Piktogramme
(user representatives)
all information pictogrammed!
![Page 34: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
DAV - Symbols
![Page 35: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Conclusion:
too little remains in the memory of the users of the avalanche reports
We should transport more than only danger degrees
Recommandations:
Standardised contents (and order of the different elements)
Standardised graphical concepts
![Page 36: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Conclusion of the working group on avalanche reports:
Standardised graphical concepts (icons):
aspects ***
time development ***
elevation ***
regional danger levels ** (decided by regional aval. service
![Page 37: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Proposal for standardised report:
Change of danger level during the day:
![Page 39: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Proposal for standardised report:
Change of danger level during the day:
Most critical slope aspect:
![Page 40: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Proposal for standardised report:
Change of danger level during the day:
Most critical slope aspect:
Most critical height:
![Page 41: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Display changes during the day: morning
Change of danger level during the day:
Most critical slope aspect:
Most critical slope height:
![Page 42: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Display changes during the day: afternoon
Change of danger level during the day:
Most critical slope aspect:
Most critical slope height:
![Page 43: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Web new:
![Page 44: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Does it matter if we loose users?
• Approx. domestic users (all alpine countries)
2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 45: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Does it matter if we loose users?
• Estimated domestic users (all alpine countries)
• Users outside the own region
2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 46: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Does it matter if we loose users?
• Estimated domestic users (all alpine countries)
• Users outside the own region
2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 47: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Does it matter if we loose users?
• Estimated domestic users (all alpine countries)• Users outside the own region• Integrated outside users
2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 48: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Additional users
2007 20092008
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 49: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Additional users
2007 20092008
20 Mio Users!
4 Mio
8 Mio
12 Mio
16 Mio
![Page 50: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Technical solution:
• 1. Production in each country
• 2. production on a single website +deep link
![Page 51: Standardised Avalanche Reports Michael Staudinger, LWZ - Salzburg.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649e3c5503460f94b2f051/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Txs for your attention!!