Standard Clinic Part 5: Center and Perimeter Version 3.2 Release date: 2004.
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Transcript of Standard Clinic Part 5: Center and Perimeter Version 3.2 Release date: 2004.
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Standard Clinic Part 5:Center and Perimeter
Version 3.2Release date: 2004
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 2
2004 Points of Emphasis
Players must put the ball in play correctly. Allow the former center forward and center
back to untangle when possession changes; do no call a foul too quickly.
Just because a slough is coming, a referee can still call ordinary or exclusion fouls against the center back.
Minimize calling offensive fouls away from the ball.
Be an offensive-minded referee.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 3
Refereeing the Perimeter
Not time for a vacation Current strategy is moving the ball
to get it to the hole set watch for how the ball gets passed to
the set if there is a foul at set, ball needs to
be passed back out Referees should always call the
exclusion when in doubt
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 4
Perimeter Principles
Calls are based on principles of advantage (the three P’s) Violate advantage only to protect players
Obligation is for the defense to play good defense if they play good defense and the offense
can’t do anything with the ball: too bad if they play bad defense: call the foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 5
Perimeter Principles
There should be no ordinary fouls away from the ball go ahead and call the exclusion foul
for holding, sinking or pulling back a player
be aware of what is happening where the ball is• Is the center forward turning?• Is someone ready to shoot?
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 6
Calling Ordinary Fouls
If there is an ordinary foul, call it. Be sure that it is related to play Call the foul quickly if it is there
• delay takes time off the possession clock• if the attacking team has earned it, give
it to them
The onus is on the defense to show they are not committing fouls.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 7
Drives
Watch the players and their positions Did the attacking player swim over the
defender Did the defender hand check the
attacking player Did the defender hold the attacking
player Who got to the position first?
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 8
Picks
Are often run, especially after a foul is called at set
If the pick affects play: if an attacking player holds a defender:
offensive foul• So that the ball reaches another attacking
player if a defender holds an attacking player:
exclusion foul• So the player cannot get free to receive
the ball
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 9
Refereeing the Center Forward Position
Philosophy of the Center Forward Position
Positioning at Center Forward Play at Center Forward Calling Fouls at Center Forward
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 10
Philosophy of the Center Forward: Offense
Role of the Center Forward Player Scorer Passer Changes with :
• Time in possession• Time in period• Time/Score in game
Double Post Offense
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 11
Philosophy of the Center Back: Defense
Role of the Center Back Relationship with Goalkeeper
• Side of defense• Take away back hand• Take away sweep
Relationship with sloughers• Forces role of set offense• Forces pass:
• Location• Timing• Direction
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 12
Refereeing the Center Forward Position
Philosophy of the Center Forward Position
Positioning at Center Forward Play at Center Forward Calling Fouls at Center Forward
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 13
Positioning of the Center Forward Player
Body position Questions to ask:
• What can the player do?• How far can the player reach for the ball?• How much space can the player legally
create to work with the ball? Vertical Position Horizontal Position Sitting Position Shoulders Relative to the Goal
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 14
Factors Affecting Positioning of the Center Forward Player
Handedness Ability to use both hands Shooting hand preference Passing hand preference
Primary moves Shooting Passing
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 15
Positioning of the Center Back Player
Position Relative to Attacking Player Back Position
• Advantage: Almost none• Disadvantage: Almost certain exclusion
Lateral Position• Advantage: Good defensive positioning• Disadvantage: Must rely of goalkeeper
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 16
Positioning of the Center Back Player – 2
Front to Front Position (Fronting)• Advantage: Excellent defensive positioning• Disadvantage: Goalkeeper must tell you
where ball is Back to Front Position
• Advantage: Takes away pass• Disadvantage: Penalty fouls called
frequently
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 17
Common Problems of Poor Defensive Positioning
“Hands Up” Defense Continued pressure on the attacking
player Can hold and/or sink with elbows, chest,
and chin “Leaning”
Sinking an attacking player who has gained position
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 18
Striving for Position:Equal Pushing
Players have the right to the water in which they are located.
Players have the right to try and move to more advantageous positions. Both players have equal rights to try and
move to a more advantageous position. Neither player may move the other
player out of a more advantageous position.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 19
Refereeing the Center Forward Position
Philosophy of the Center Forward Position
Positioning at Center Forward Play at Center Forward
When the ball is not there When the ball is there
Calling Fouls at Center Forward
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 20
Play at the Center Forward Position
When the ball is not there No foul situations Defensive fouls
• Ordinary fouls• Exclusion fouls
Offensive fouls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 21
Equal Pushing – No foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 22
Swimming Around Opponent – No foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 23
Suit Grabbing (Women) – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 24
Suit Grabbing (Women) –Contrafoul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 25
Suit Grabbing (Men) –Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 26
Hold (and then Sink) –Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 27
Sink Center Forward to Gain Position – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 28
Pull Back Taking Center Forward Out of Position – Exclusion
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 29
Play at the Center Forward Position
When the ball is there No foul situations Defensive fouls
• Ordinary fouls• Exclusion fouls• Penalty fouls• When a slougher is present
Offensive fouls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 30
Bad Pass (Regular Position) – No Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 31
Bad Pass (Inside Position) – No Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 32
Hands Up Defense –No Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 33
Hand on Ball –No Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 34
Release Too Late –No Foul
If the player is holding the ball, there are very few fouls that should be called.
Younger players often have “the grip of death.”
If the ball is released too late (into the hands of a slougher or the goalkeeper), no fouls should be called.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 35
Calling Fouls
Hold, sink, pull back With sloughers near by Overly aggressive fouls Inside water calls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 36
Hold on Pass Into Center Forward – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 37
Sink at Center Forward –Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 38
Pull Back –Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 39
Pull Back Then Hands Up – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 40
Calling Fouls
Hold, sink, pull back With sloughers near by Overly aggressive fouls Inside water calls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 41
Pass To Wrong Side With Slougher Close – No Call
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 42
Two Hands Up Defense With Slougher Coming In – No Call
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 43
Impeding With Sloughers Coming In – Ordinary Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 44
Pull Back With Sloughers Coming In – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 45
Pull Back with No Sloughers Coming In – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 46
Calling Fouls
Hold, sink, pull back With sloughers near by Overly aggressive fouls Inside water calls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 47
Fouls Around Head/Neck – Exclusion Fouls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 48
Overly Aggressive Foul (Striking) – Exclusion
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 49
Elbow to Face (Striking) – Exclusion Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 50
Calling Fouls
Hold, sink, pull back With sloughers near by Overly aggressive fouls Inside water calls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 51
Turn – No Foul Defense
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 52
Inside Water (Advantage) – No call
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 53
Turn and Goalkeeper Steal – No foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 54
Inside But Loses Control of Ball – No Call
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 55
Foul With Inside Water –Penalty Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 56
Contrafouls (Offensive Fouls)
Turnovers (Offensive ordinary fouls) Without the ball With the ball
Offensive exclusion fouls
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 57
Getting Out from Under a Foul – No Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 58
Ball Under –Ordinary Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 59
Elbowing for Space – Ordinary Foul (May be Exclusion)
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 60
High Elbow Turn (Holding) – Offensive Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 61
Push Off (Standard Position) – Offensive Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 62
Push Off (Inside Position) – Offensive Foul
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 63
Head Butts
Are EXTREMELY dangerous Are characterized by a rapid
upwards and backwards movement of the chin and striking with the head towards the opponent
Minimum of an ordinary foul, may be exclusion, violence, or even brutality.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 64
Head Butts
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 65
Head Butt Cautions
Be aware that if the chin stays tucked, then it is not a head butt (probably pulling back by the defense).
Be aware of bad defensive positioning and contact due to the natural head motion of the set player.
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 66
Beware of Fake Head Butts
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 67
Fouls After Change From Offense to Defense
Once the counterattack to the other end starts – Watch what happens Many times, this is when brutality and
violent (game exclusion) fouls occurs Also watch for other fouls …..
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 68
Gross and Go – Offensive Foul (may be Exclusion Foul)
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 69
Hold by Former Center Forward on Counterattack – Exclusion
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 70
Refereeing the Center Forward Position
Philosophy of the Center Forward Position
Positioning at Center Forward Play at Center Forward Calling Fouls at Center Forward
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© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 71
Refereeing Center Forward – Most Difficult Task in Water Polo
Consistency is constantly put to the test
Must evaluate level of advantage continuously must be aware of advantage at the set
position monitor advantage in rest of the pool watch for what the defenders from
perimeter are doing (crashing?)
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Basic Principles
Physical contact between attacking players and defenders is permitted
Intervene ONLY to return possessional advantage return positional advantage return probable goal advantage
Minimize calling ordinary fouls at center forward away from the ball
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Job of the Center Forward
The center forward is obligated to work the ball. The set should Work to shoot the ball Pass the ball
• Pass to driver for a shot• Pass back out to reset the offense
The center forward may earn fouls with good play BUT that does not mean the defender has open season!!
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Elements Used to Call Center Forward
Where are the center forward’s and center back’s hands? Who initiated the contact? Who gained an advantage from the
contact? Call the appropriate foul
• ordinary foul (offensive or defensive)• neutral throw• exclusion
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Other Elements to Call Center Forward
What are the center forward and center back trying to do? Is the center forward being prevented
from playing offense by impeding, holding, sinking or pulling back?
Is the center back prevented from playing defense by pushing off, holding, sinking or pulling back?
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Context, Context, Context
How are the actions of the center forward and center back related to what else is going on in the pool? What is happening where the ball is? Are there drivers coming through? Did a pick open up a player? Is there any shooting advantage?
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Context, Context, Context
How are the actions of the center forward and center back related to the game in progress? How much time is there on the game
clock? On the possession clock? What period is it? What is the score?
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“Striving for Position”
Incidental contact will occur as the set and set defender strive to gain position
This incidental contact is to be ignored
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What is NOT allowed
When a player holds, grabs a player and moves him/her out of the way applies to both the set and set defender
• offensive foul (at a minimum)• exclusion on defender
When defender shoves the hole set under water: exclusion foul
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Holding Position
The center forward is obligated to hold position once he/she has it Defender cannot push, shove, hold, pull
the center forward out of position Defender may have incidental contact with
center forward when trying to go for ball Defender may not go through the shoulder
of the center forward to get at ball (exclusion)
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Turns at Center Forward
Center forward holds ball defender can hold, sink, pull back to get
at ball (may not kick or strike) if center forward ducks his/her head
underwater while holding the ball, defender can go get at ball
if defender has hips down and is turned by center forward: call what you can see
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Turns at Center Forward
Center forward releases ball after turning no foul if defender is holding or sinking
set at the moment when the ball is released
defender is given a little time to get off hole set after ball is release• does not get off - penalty shot
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Turns at Center Forward
Center forward tries to get the ball again if defender holds or prevents center forward
from getting ball: penalty foul if center forward made the turn such that the
goaltender (or other defender) took the ball away: no call
if center forward lost control of the ball when he/she released it: no call, ordinary, or exclusion foul.
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When a Crasher/Slougheris Coming In
Does the center forward know the crasher or slougher is coming in? Yes: was he/she prevented to protecting the
ball? Then ordinary foul (usually). No: then ball often is stolen.
Was the ball passed to the center forward while crashers were coming in? Yes: usually a bad pass; ball should be stolen
(usually).
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Two Guiding Principles
The burden of proof is on the defense. It is the defense that is obligated to prove that they are not committing a foul.
Always give the advantage to the offense. If it is a 50-50 call, the call should go to the offense.
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The Objective ...
The referee should not focus on just one situation or just one pair of players watch what is going on in your primary
area of responsibility be aware of all the other pairs of players know where the ball is be sensitive to what is happening at the
ball
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REWARD
Good positionGood technique
It doesn’t matter how much time is left on the clock … a foul is a foul is a foul and should be called even if it is in the last second of the possession.
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The No Call
No calls are calls requires experience looks like the referee “missed”
something okay for less experienced referees to
call too many fouls … just as long as they are consistently applied
with experience will decrease number of unnecessary calls
however, not an excuse to stop blowing the whistle!!!
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Better Late Than Early
Examples attacking player hooks defenders arm hard hit on set that causes ball to pop out
Before intervening can the center forward can improve
his/her position can the center forward complete the play?
A late whistle is better than an early one
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Ordinary Fouls or Exclusions
Exclusion fouls are more common at set than ordinary fouls
Ordinary foul typically is when the defender has played good defense and caused the set to move him/herself out of position – Should still be called!!
Exclusion fouls are called for taking away offensive advantage
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REWARD GOOD PLAY
DISCOURAGE BAD PLAY
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The End of Part 5Set and Perimeter