Sta Filini Ds

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INTRODUCTION

T famil Staplinida includs about 48,700 d-scribd spcis in t world (Nwton, prs. comm.) andit is t scond larst famil of Coloptra aftr Cur-culionida. It is not surprisin tat suc a lar familwas abl to adapt tir lif stl to man varid abitats.T can b found bnat bark of dad trs or picsof wood, man spcis can b collctd from laf littror dpr lars of soil, otrs in stram banks, in dun,animal carcasss, funi or dcain fruits, and mmbrs

of som tropical roups ar most commonl takn atlits. Man spcis in a numbr of nra ar known tob associatd to ants or trmits spciall in t tropics,and others have parasitoid larvae of y pupae. Some are

linkd to bat uano insid t cavs, but onl fw rov-btl spcis ar tru trolobits, strictl adaptd forcav-dwllin wa of lif.

W ar tratin r onl trolobitic spcis blon-in to subfamilis traditionall placd in Staplinidasensu stricto, i.. xcludin t formr Pslapida andScapidiida wic av bn rcntl includd as sub-familis witin t famil Staplinida. T currnt

subfamil Pslapina as man mor trolobits, about150 spcis all ovr t world (Poi t al 1998), parti-cularly in Europe (Besuchet 1985; Hlav et al in press)

and in USA (Bsuct 1982; Candlr 1992; Candlr& Rddll 2001). Scapidiina ar mcopaous and). Scapidiina ar mcopaous andtr ar no cav rcords for tis subfamil.

Man spcis of Staplinida ar found in cavs orpits (undr t xprssion pit w undrstand r dp,undr t xprssion pit w undrstand r dp,vrtical cav somtims calld alpin cav) but most ofbut most oftm ar itr accidntal visitors or at most trolopi-ls, spcis avin a rular association wit dark-zoncav abitats but not prsntin an spcial adaptationfor tis wa of lif. For xampl tr ar 15 trolopi-

lic Staplinida known from USA cavs wr no ral

trolobitic spcis occur (Pck & Tar 2003). Onl). OnlOnlfw mmbrs of tis famil ar rall strictl trolobitic,spcis adaptd to liv in cavs or pits and somtimsin t msocavrnous sallow substratum (ncfortrfrrd to r as MSS) (Culvr 2001). T majoritof Coloptra il adaptd to ts poan abitatsar mmbrs of t famil Carabida (mainl Trcina)and Liodida (Lptodirini) wic av dvlopd vrsuccssful stratis and t ar dominant amonst tcavrnicolous Coloptra.

CATALOgUe OF TROgLOBITIC STAPhyLINIDAe

It is alwas imprcis t boundar btwn trutrolobits and trolopils, and also btwn poan(dp undrround) and ndoan (soil) nvironmnts:tr ar spcis for all drs of adaptations wit in-trmdiat stas, and som spcis mainl adaptd toac of ts nvironmnts can mix and occur totr.In ordr to mak a catalou of t tru trolobitic Sta-plinida, wic ar adaptd to t poan nviron-mnt, w tak in account onl spcis prsntin t

followin caractrs: (1) dpimntd bod, (2) svr rducd (microptalmous) or absnt (lss/anoptalmous), (3) ls and antnna slndr and lon,(4) whole or part of body with long, ne setae, and (5)

xclusiv prsnc in cavs or pits or in t MSS. Tspcis onl known from itr t MSS or t dp soilbut in armnt wit (3) and (4) av bn includd inour list. endoan spcis can sow caractrs (1) and(2) and can somtims b found in cavs and mor oftnin t MSS, but t ar not in armnt wit (3) and(4), bin trfor xcludd. W av takn into ac-count som small ndoan-lik spcis onl wn tar known xclusivl from cavs, not avin nvr

bn found in t soil or in t uppr MSS. Finall, t

Catalogue of troglobitic Staphylinidae (Pselaphinae excluded)

of the world

Ptr hLAVAC(1) ,Pdro OROM(2) & Arnaldo BORDONI(3)

(1) Na dolin 14, SK-040 14 Koic, Slovakia. e-mail: [email protected](2) Dpto. Bioloa Animal, Univrsit of La Launa, Tnrif, Canar Islands(3) Muso Zooloico La Spcola, via Romana 17, 50 125 Firnz, Ital e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACTAll trolobitic Staplinida (xcludin subfamil Pslapina) currntl known in t world ar listd totr wit all tir

known localities. 44 species belonging to ve subfamilies, Omaliinae, Staphylininae, Paederinae, Tachyporinae and Aleocharinae

ar known so far from t Palaarctic, Notropical and Orintal rions.

K words: Coloptra, Staplinida, trolobitic spcis

Subtrranan Biolo 4: 97-106, 2006


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98 Ptr hlavac, Pdro Orom & Arnaldo Bordoni

xclusiv prsnc in cavs is not nou for includinspcis not in armnt to caractrs (1) and (2).

T last world list of trolobitic Staplinida (Bordo-ni & Orom 1998) comprisd 29 spcis wic ar all also1998) comprisd 29 spcis wic ar all alsolistd r. In addition w considr as bin trolobitsve species which were known at that time but were not

includd in tat list, viz:Lathrobium (Lathrobium) uenoi

Watanab; L. (L.) youzawanum Watanab; Lobrathium(Lobrathium) bellesi Bordoni;Micranops bifossicapitataOutrlo & Orom and andandIschnosoma spelaeus W. Scriba.eit mor spcis av bn dscribd sinc t formrlist was publisd: Uenohadesina styx Smtana;Domene(Domene) hetzeli Fldman;Domene (Lathromene) caure-lensis Outrlo, gamarra & Salado;Domene gallaecianaFldmann & hrnando;Medon feloi Assin;M. antricolaAssin;Micranops spelaeus Frisc & Orom andAlevo-nota oromii Assin and Apteranillus minosianus Lcoq& Quinnc. In addition, on spcis ofDomene and onspcis ofOcypus ar awaitin for t dscription, and

Apteranopsis palmensis hrnndz & Martn as bnplacd in snonm witAlevonota tanausui hrnndz& Martn. In all w currntl rconis 44 spcis of tro-lobitic Staplinida (xcludin subfamil Pslapina)belonging to ve subfamilies, Omaliinae, Staphylininae,

Padrina, Tacporina and Alocarina and t arlistd r blow.

W maintaind t oriinal nams for t cavs r-ferred to herein, so we nd useful to list the expressions

for cav in all lanuas wr trolobitic Stapli-nida av bn found: cuva (Spanis), cova (Cata-lan); cavrna, rotta, cava, rava (Italian); rott, cav-erne (French); gruta (Portuguese); petera (Romanian),

peina, jama (Serbian); pilja, jama (Croatian). Sima ist Spanis nam for pit.

Omaliina:Lesteva (Lestevina) sbordonii, Bordoni, 1973: 230Distribution: ITALy- grava di gntili, Campania, Salrno, S. Anlo a Fas-anlla

Uenohadesina styxSmtana, 2000: 291Distribution: SOUTh KOReA- Cav yon on-ul, hwanji, Canson-ub,

Kanwon-do

Padrina:Domene (Domene) cavicolaCoiffait, 1954: 54Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva Navilla Funt, Acro, Sirra d Cazorla, Janprovinc, AndalusiaRfrncs: Coiffait, 1982: 417 (rdscription)

Domene (Domene) hetzeliFldman, 2000: 327Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva dl Brazu, Asturias, Picos d europa, Sirra dlBrazu

Domene (Canariomene) alticola Orom & hrnndz,1986: 135Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva d los Roqus [tp localit], Tid NationalPark- Cuva Labrada, el Sauzal (Outrlo & hrnndz1992)

- Cuva dl Vinto, Icod d los Vinos (Outrlo &hrnndz 1992. Dscription of larva)- Cuva dl Sobrado, Icod d los Vinos (Arcavalta tal1998 and 1999)

Domene (Canariomene) benahoarensisOrom & Mar-tn, 1990: 21Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La Palma- Sima Martn, Mazo [tp localit] 650 m- Bcaro d Martn (= Bcaro d Martn) Asmol tal1992; Mdina t al. 1996; Outrlo & hrnndz 1992(dscription of larva)- Cuva d Barlovnto, Barlovnto- Cuva honda d gallos, Barlovnto (Mdina t al1996)- Cuva d los Francss, Francss, garafa (Mdinat al 1996)- Sima dl Llano d los Cstos, Funcalint (Mdinat al 1996)- Cuva d los Andns, Caldra d Taburint NationalPark- Cuva d los Palmros, Las Indias, Funcalint(garca 1996)- Cuva dl Rincn, e Rincn, el Paso- Cuva dl Diablo, Pard Vija, Bra Baja

- Cuva dl Salto d Tialat, Tialat, Mazo (garca& gonzlz 1996)- Cuva d la Macacadora, Mazo (garca 1997)- Cuva d los Caos, Mazo (garca & gonzlz 1998)

Domene (Canariomene) jonayi hrnndz & Mdina,1990: 288Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La gomra- M.S.S., el Cdro, garajona National Park- M.S.S. Rvntn Oscuro, el Cdro, garajona N.P.(Frisc & Orom 2006)

Domene (Canariomene) vulcanicaOrom & hrnndz,1986: 130.

Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva d Flip Rvntn, Icod d los Vinos (Arca-valta t al1999; Outrlo & hrnndz 1992)- Cuva dl Vinto, Icod d los Vinos (Outrlo &hrnndz 1992. Dscription of larva)- Cuva dl Bucio, Auamansa (Sala t al 1996)

Domene (Canariomene) sylvaticahrnndz & Orom,1993: 66.Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- M.S.S., Barranco d Ijuana, Anaa.


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Domene (Lathromene) bergidi Salado & Outrlo,1991: 209Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva d la Carrtra, Ln provinc, Parrubia-Carucdo

Domene (Lathromene) caurelensisOutrlo, gamarra &Salado, 2000: 166= Domene (Lathromene) carrillorum hrnando, 2002:14Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva do eix, Mrcurn do Caurl (Luo)Rfrncs: Outrlo & gamarra 2003: 61 (snonmofD. carrillorum)

Domene (Lathromene) gallaecianaFldmann & hrn-ando, 2005: 401.Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva do Cova do Ri Cintolo, Supna, Aromoso(Luo)

Domene (Spelaeomene) aurouxiespaol, 1970: 370Distribution: MOROCCO- grott Ifri l Caid, grand Atlas, Ait MhamdRfrncs: Coiffait 1982: 419 (rdscription of f-mal)

Domene (Spelaeomene) camusiPrimoff, 1949: 81(Domene)Distribution: MOROCCO- Grotte du Gorane, near cap Cantin, Sa

Rfrncs: Vivs 1977 (dscription of larva); Coiffait

1982: 418 (rdscription)

Domene (Spelaeomene) cantonsiespaol, 1972: 51Distribution: MOROCCO- Cav Wit Tamdoun, grand Atlas, rion of Imouzzrds Ida Ou Tanan, nar Tazntout, about 60 km Ne ofAadirRfrncs: Coiffait 1982: 418 (rdscription of fmal);Bordoni 2003: 375 (dscription of mal)

Domenesp. nov.Distribution: ALBANIA

- Unknown cave near the town Girokastr (Pavievi,Pavievi,prs. comm.)

Lathrobium (Lathrobium) uenoi Watanab, 1994: 21Distribution: JAPAN- Cav Sizusi-d, Sizusi, Mizuco-c, KotoPrf.

Lathrobium (Lathrobium)yozawanum Watanab, 1994:24Distribution: JAPAN- Cav yzawa-d, Kamizawa, Itsukaici-c, TokoPrf.

Lobrathium (Lobrathium) bellesiBordoni, 1977: 17Distribution: BALeARIC ISLANDS: Mallorca- Cova d Can Sivlla, Pollna.

Medon dobrogicusDcu & gorscu, 1994Distribution: ROMANIA- Petera ovile, obrogea mridionaletera ovile, obrogea mridionaletra Movil, Dobroa mridional

Medon vicentensis Srrano, 1993: 4Distribution: MADeIRA- gruta dos Cardais, So Vicnt

Medon feloiAssin, 1998: 143Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La Palma- Cuva dl Salto d Tialat [tp localit], Salto dTialat, Mazo- Cuva d los Labrintos, el Paso (Orom t al 2001:Cuva dl Bjnado)- Cuva d los Sorprndidos, el Paso

Medon antricola Assin, 2006: 48Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: el hirro- Cuva d Jinama [tp localit], el golfo, Frontra(Orom t al 2002:Medon n.sp.)- Cuva d Filba.

Micranops bifossicapitataOutrlo & Orom, 1987: 136(Domene)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif and Lagomra- Cuva Labrada [tp localit], Tnrif, Auaarca,1040 m

- Cuva Flip Rvntn, Tnrif, Icod d los Vinos,600 m- M.S.S., La gomra, Bosqu d el Cdro Matarnos,1000 m,Rfrncs: Frisc & Orom 2006: 25 (rdscription)

Micranops spelaeusFrisc & Orom, 2006: 33Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva Flip Rvntn, Icod d los Vinos, 595 m

Pinostygus galapagoensisCambll & Pck, 1989: 400Distribution: gALAPAgOS: Santa Cruz Island

- Cuva d Bllavista [tp localit], Bllavista- Cuva d gallardo (= C. Bllavista) (hrnndz t al1992)- Cuva d elna, Santa Rosa (hrnndz t al 1992)

Stenopholea reddellihrman, 1969: 4Distribution: MeXICO- Cav Min, Tamaulipas, Ranco dl Cilo

Staplinina:Ocypus n. sp.Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva d los Roqus, Tid National Park (Orom t

al 2001)


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Tacporina:Ischnosoma spelaeus W. Scriba, 1870: 80 (Myce-toporus)Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva Rosa, Buzdono nar Santas Albas, Asturiasand Ln

Alocarina:Alevonota canariensisOrom & Martn 1984: 43 (Ap-teranopsis)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva d los Roqus [tp localit], Las Caadas dlTid (Martn & Orom 1986)- Cuvas Nras, Volcn Pico Vijo, Tid National Park(Arcavalta t al 1998; Orom t al 2002)

Alevonota hephaestos hrnndz & garca, 1989: 20(Apteranopsis)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La Palma- M.S.S., [tp localit], Cubo d la gala, Puntallana- Cuva dl Diablo, Bra Baja- Cuva d los Palmros, Funcalint (garca 1996)- Cuva dl Salto d Tialat, Mazo (garca t al 1995)

Alevonota oromiiAssin, 2002: 60Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva dl Sobrado [tp localit], Icod d los Vinos- Cuva dl Vinto, Icod d los Vinos- MSS in Palo Blanco, Los Raljos

Alevonota outereloi gamarra & hrnndz, 1989: 53

(Apteranopsis)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: Tnrif- Cuva dl Bucio [tp localit], La Orotava- Cuva dl Bucio, La Orotava (Sala t al 1996)- Cuva dl Sobrado, Icod d los Vinos- Cuva dl Sobrado Suprior, Icod d los Vinos- Cuva d Brvritas, Icod d los Vinos- Cuva dl Vinto, Icod d los Vinos- Cuva dl Mulo, Icod d los Vinos

Alevonota tanausui hrnndz & Martn, 1990: 587(Apteranopsis)

= Alevonota palmensis hrnndz & Martn, 1990: 586(Apteranopsis)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La Palma- Cuva d Todoqu [tp localit A. palmensis], LosLlanos- San Juan Cav (= Cuva d Todoqu)(Asmol t al1992)- M.S.S. Cubo d la gala, Puntallana (hrnndz &Martn 1990:A. palmensis)- Cuva d los Palmros, Funcalint [tp localit A.tanausui]- Cuva dl Salto d Tialat, Mazo (garca t al 1995)(A. palmensis)

- Cuva Virn d Ftima, el Paso (garca & govants

1996:A. palmensis; Dumpirrz t al 2005)- Cuva d los Palmros, Funcalint (garca 1996) (A.

palmensis)- Cuva d los Caos, Mazo (garca & gonzlz 1998)- Cuva dl Ratn, Funcalint- Cuva honda d gallos, BarlovntoRfrncs: Assin 2002: 59 (snonm ofA. palmen-

sis)

Alevonota junoniae hrnndz & Martn, 1990: 589(Apreronopsis)Distribution: CANARy ISLANDS: La Palma- Sima Martn, Mazo, [tp localit], 650 m (Asmoltal 1992)- Bcaro d Martn (= Sima Martn) (Mdina t al1996)- Cuva d los Caos, Mazo (garca & gonzlz 1998)

Apteranillus bordatiLcoq, 1988: 319 (Anopsapterus)Distribution: ALgeRIA- Unknown cav, el Abiod Sidi Ck; Monts ds Ka-sours

Apteranillus minosianus Lcoq & Quinnc, 2005: 45Distribution: MOROCCO- Unknown cav, Maroc, Atlas d Bni-Mllal, Azizalprovince, subterranean stream at An elgh, 1250 m,

Tamalloukt, amlt at 8 km NNe of Ouaouizat

Apteranillus rotrouiScrpltz, 1935: 245 (Antrosem-notes)Distribution: MOROCCO

- grott du Daa Cikr, Mon Atlas, 38 km sout ofTaza

Apteranillus rueiespaol, 1969: 173Distribution: MOROCCO- Kf Aziza cav, Boudnib rion, Pr-Saaran Mo-rocco

Apteraphaenops longiceps brevicornis Primoff,1911: 90Distribution: ALgeRIA- grott Ardjr-Idki, nar top of djbl hazr, cntral

part of Djurdjura ran, 1500m- grott Ifri bou-Arab, nar top of djbl hazr, cntralpart of Djurdjura ran, 1210m

Apteraphaenops longiceps longiceps Jannl, 1907:112Distribution: ALgeRIA- grott Ifri Kaloua, nar top of djbl hazr, cntralpart of Djurdjura ran

Cantabrodytes vivesiespaol, 1975: 135Distribution: SPAIN- Cuva d Jsu, Ovido, Mstas d Con

- Cuva d Fu-Martn, Asturias, Prunals d Parrs


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Not: larva dscribd in t sam papr b eduardVivs.

Rfrncs: Outrlo t al 2000: 113.

Typhlomalota glennieiCamron, 1947: 30

Distribution: nortrn INDIA

Fis. 1-9 1)Alevonota canariensis Orom & Martn, x Orom & Martn 1984; 2)Apteranillus ruei espaol, x espaol, 1969; 3)Cantabrodytes vivesi espaolx espaol, 1975; 4)Domene (Canariomene) benahoarensis Orom & Martn, x Orom & Martn,1990; 5)Domene (Canariomene) jonayi hrnndz & Mdina, x hrnndz & Mdina, 1990; 6)Domene (Canariomene) sylva-tica hrnndz & Orom, x hrnndz & Orom, 1993; 7) Domene (Canariomene) vulcanica Orom & hrnndz,x Orom &hrnndz, 1986; 8)Domene (Spelaeomene) aurouxi espaol, x espaol, 1970; 9)Domene (Spelaeomene) cantonsi espaol, xespaol, 1972.


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- Cav Moila Swallt, Cakrata district, Bodar

Typhlozyras camusiJannl, 1960: 207Distribution: MOROCCO- grott d Torobit, wstrn Rif, nord-ast of Bab Taza,

1800 m

Fis. 10-18 10)Lathrobium (Lathrobium) uenoi Watanab, x Watanab, 1994; 11)Lathrobium (Lathrobium)yozawanum Wata-nab, x Watanab, 1994; 12)Medon dobrogicus Dcu & gorscu, x Dcu & gorscu, 1994; 13)Medon vicentensis Srrano,x Srrano, 1993; 14)Micranops bifossicapitata Outrlo & Orom, x Outrlo & Orom, 1987; 15) Micranops spelaeus Frisc& Orom, x Frisc & Orom, 2006; 16) Pinostygus galapagoensis Cambll & Pck, x Cambll & Pck, 1989; 17) Stenopholeareddelli hrman; x hrman, 1969; 18) Uenohadesina styx Smtana, x Smtana, 2000.


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DISCUSSION

T 44 trolobitic spcis so far known world-widav t followin distribution: Palaarctic rion 41;Neotropical 2 and Oriental 1. They are included in ve

subfamilis: Omaliina (2 spp.), Staplinina (1 sp.),Padrina (28 spp.), Tacporina (1 sp.) and Al-

ocarina (14 spp.). T dominant roup is t subtribLatrobiina witin Padrina (Domene, Lathrobium,Lobrathium andMedon) wit 21 spcis (47.7 %) andt alocarin trib Attiini (onl t nus Alevo-nota) wit 6 spcis (13.6 %). gorapicall trar tr dominant rions, t ricst on bin tMid Atlantic Macaronsian islands (Canar Islandsand adeira) with 17 species in ve genera (Ocypus,

Domene, Medon, Micranops and Alevonota). Tnrifhas nine species, La Palma ve species, La Gomera

two spcis and el hirro and Madira on spcis, allbin ndmic to a sinl island xcptMicranops bif-

fosicapitata Outrlo & Orom, wic is known fromwic is known fromTnrrif and La gomra. Otr important rionsar t Marb (Morocco and Alria) wic oststn spcis in four nra (Domene, Apteraphaenops,

Apteranillus and Typhlozyras), and mainland Spain (in-cludin t Balaric islands) wit it spcis in fournra (Domene, Lobrathium, Ischnosoma and Canta-brodytes). Ts tr rlativl small rions ost 35spcis wat is 79.6 %. T rst of trolobitic Stap-linida ar known from Japan (2 spcis ofLathrobi-um), Kora (on spcis of Uenohadesia), Ital (onspcis ofLesteva), Balkan pninsula (on spcis of

Medon and on undscribd spcis ofDomene), gala-

paos Islands (on spcis ofPinostygus), Mxico (onspcis ofStenopholea) and nally northern India withon spcis ofTyphlomalota.

Karstic rions of t Balkan pninsula, from Slo-vnia in t nort down to grc in t sout is un-doubtdl t ricst ara for trolobitic btls in tworld, wit undrds of trolobitic spcis of Carabi-da, Liodida (guoruiv 1977; Prtnr 1973, 1977)guoruiv 1977; Prtnr 1973, 1977)oruiv 1977; Prtnr 1973, 1977)Prtnr 1973, 1977)1973, 1977)and Staphylinidae of the subfamily Pselaphinae (HlavHlav

t al in prss). So it is surprisin tat tis rion is so. So it is surprisin tat tis rion is sopoor in trolobitic Staplinida, t sol dscribd sp-cis bin Medon dobrogicus Dcu & gorscu from

Petera ovile (obrogea, Romania); a new troglobitictera ovile (obrogea, Romania); a new troglobitictra Movil (Dobroa, Romania); a nw trolobiticspcis blonin to nus Domene will b soon d-scribed from Albania (Pavievi, pers. comm.). Other

important aras for cav btls suc as Ital, Franc andnort-astrn Spain ar also lackin trolobitic Stap-linida. W tink tat t main rason is tat t can-rason is tat t can-not compt in fdin strat wit trolobitic roundbtls of t subfamil Trcina, wic ar dominantprdators in cavs all alon t nort of t Mditrra-nan basin.Tis arumnt can b also supportd b tfact tat il trolomorpic Trcina ar absnt fromt Canar Islands and t Marb, wr t ricstfauna of trolobitic Staplinida is found, lik spcis

suc as Domene vulcanica and Domene aurouxi from

Tnrif and Morocco, rspctivl. T potsis isalso valid for t Ibrian Pninsula, wr trolobiticStaplinida ar found in its nortwstrn and sout-rn aras, bin absnt in t nortast wr iltrolomorpic Trcina (Aphaenops, HydraphaenopsParaphaenops and Geotrechus) or Driptina (Ildobatesneboti) round btls occur in t cavs (Blls 1987).

Morovr, t xtraordinar Pynostigusgalapagoensis,probabl t larst trolobitic rov btl in t world,occurs in t galapaos Islands wr no trolomorpicround btls ar known (Pck 2006).

ACKNOWLeDgeMeNTS

W tank for commnts and radins of t papr toJon Cootr (hrford, enland) wo also corrctd tenlis as wll as to gjza Duna (Koic, Slovakia)wo arrand illustrations.

ReFeReNCeS

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Franc t despan (Coloptra: Pslapida). R-


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