SSC2011_Kenneth Bowers PPT
-
Upload
national-housing-conference-the-center-for-housing-policy -
Category
Business
-
view
491 -
download
1
description
Transcript of SSC2011_Kenneth Bowers PPT
Zoning for Compact, Sustainable Development in
RaleighKen Bowers, AICP
Deputy Planning DirectorCity of Raleigh
Outline
• Why Raleigh is relevant• Raleigh’s Comprehensive Plan• Features of Raleigh’s New Development Code• What’s not in the code, and why
Projected Growth by Region (2000-2030)
Figure 3: Interim Projections: Percent Distribution of Population Growth by Region of the United States, 2000 to 2030
7.4
35.2
52.4
5.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
Northeast Midwest South West
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Interim State Population Projections, 2005
Raleigh’s Population Growth
Housing Affordability in Select NC Metros
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
Year
Med
ian
Ho
me P
rice
/ M
ed
ian
Ho
use
ho
ld I
nco
me
Raleigh-Cary Greensboro-Highpoint Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord U.S.
Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled Per Capita
31.4
22.725.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Raleigh-Durham All Urban Areas Medium UrbanAreas
• 8.7 more miles than national norm
• 6.4 more miles than peer metros
• 4.4 more miles than the average of the 10 most sprawling metros on the Rutgers sprawl index
Source: Texas Transportation Institute, “2005 Urban Mobility Study.”
Six Vision Themes Define the Plan
Economic Prosperity & Equity
Expanding Housing Choices
Managing Our Growth
Coordinating Land Use & Transportation
Greenprint Raleigh—Sustainable Development
Growing Successful Neighborhoods & Communities
Growth Framework Map
15 Land Use Categories
• 5 residential categories• 5 mixed-use categories• 3 non-residential
“employment” categories• 2 public and institutional
categories• 2 park and open space
categories• 1 “special study area”
category
Transit and Land Use
“Codes are just that: the DNA of our cities.”
—Andres Duany, Duany Plater-Zyberk
“If the Comprehensive Plan embodies the vision of what Raleigh can become, the UDO constitutes the city's DNA.”
—Mack Paul, News & Observer, March 4, 2010
Consultant Team
3 Big Problems with the Current Code
1. A “context free,” one-size-fits-all approach to a diverse landscape
2. Discretionary review substituting for adequate standards
3. Incompatibility between the zoning districts and adopted land use plans
Key Features of Raleigh’s New Code
• Standards, not incentives
• Height and form, not density and FAR
• As-of-right, not discretionary decisions
Right Rules, Right Places
Proposed UDO Districts
Residential Mixed-Use Special Overlay
R-1R-2R-4R-6R-10
RX ResidentialNX NeighborhoodOP Office ParkOX OfficeCX CommercialDX DowntownIX Industrial
AP AgricultureCM ConservationR-MP Manuf. Hsg.CMP CampusIH Heavy IndustryPD Planned Dev
SHOD-1,2HOD, HOD-2NCODMPODWPODAODTOD
Height & Frontage in Mixed-Use Districts
Use Height Frontage
RXNX*OPOXCXDXIX
-3-5-7-12-20-40
P ParkwayD DetachedPL Parking LimitedG GreenUL Urban LimitedUG Urban GeneralS Shopfront
Sample District: CX-5-PL
* Height cannot exceed 3 or 5 stories in NX
Suburban Frontages
Urban Frontages
Building Types
Expanded Housing Options
• Cottage Court, Backyard Cottage
Block Sizes and Peremiters
Street cross sections and connections
Multimodal Transportation Options
• Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities
Parking Reductions
Downtown DX DistrictUrban Frontage
Ground floor retail exemptionSmall project exemptionFlat ratio for non-residentialReduced requirements for residential
Bus Transit 10% reduction with 15 minute headways
Affordable Housing 20% reduction
TOD Overlay Same as downtown plus parking maximum of 1 space/300 square feet
Areas of Change
What’s not in the Code?
• Inclusionary zoning. There is no enabling authority for mandatory inclusionary zoning in North Carolina.
• Density bonuses. There are no density bonuses for things such as affordable housing or LEED certification.– Undermine the goal of good urban form and predictability– Contrary to the statutory purpose that zoning districts be
drawn with “reasonable consideration…as to the character of the district and it’s peculiar suitability for particular uses...”
Zoning for Compact, Sustainable Development in
RaleighKen Bowers, AICP
Deputy Planning DirectorCity of Raleigh