SQIENCE

rwffSll. 1 tw'IllI IinM lI Wm Ik";If wii II I '

It 'rl i '1 iqg jl' l 8, l orI'

lX ;,I 1,, tII I I

3 Jtly i964Vol. 145, No. 3627

' Irw iii r sIk.. r~ i tw

ALASKAN EARTHQUAKE

InIII

-II

IlI

11,I',

m IN' 11II"I I1, I I

I I

III

water bath

HOW'S THAT FOR VERSATILITY IN A BLOOD GAS CUVETTE!

Above you see our new Modular Cuvette just as you woiuld use it for routine pCO2, pO2,and pH measurements. Now inject a sample into the bottom module, and it flows upwardto be measured simultaneously in all three modules.But research needs vary, and there's no need to stay with the standard configuration-justrearrange modules, or add as many as you wish (we've had as many as seven modules in a stack).Perhaps for a particular study you want to compare readings on two samples under identicalconditions. Simple again-give any module a slight turn and it is isolatedfrom the others for individual sampling.Happily, the performance of our Modular Cuvette is asimpressive as its versatility. Precise temperature control to

0.10 C is maintained by constant temperature watercirculating through the centers of all modules. Sample size issmall-less than a third of a cc fills all three standard modules.The remarkable Modular Cuvette and its companion160 Physiological Gas Analyzer are described in our newbrochure on blood gas analysis; ask for Data File MC-5.

International Subsidiaries: Geneva, Switzerland; Munich, Germany; Glenrothes, Scotland; Paris, France; Tokyo, Japan; Capetown, South Africa.

-7lf*.t.

To a constant temperature ... add a pCO2 module ... a pO2 module ... then a pH module

I II 3~~~~I..

NEW REAGENT FOR AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDESPICRYL SULFONIC ACID (2, 4, 6 Trinitroben-zene Sulfonic Acid) reacts specifically withprimary amines, amino acids and peptides.Extinction coefficients of the products run from0.98 to 1.12 x 104 for amino acids at a finalconcentration of N.This new reagent proved advantageous in theassay of peptides due to similarity of color .in-tensity among various peptides. Trinitrophenylpeptides derivitive can be split easilyafterassayof chromotographic effluent with ammonia.For example: 1.0 ml of amino acid or peptide(0.01 to 0.08 mMol), 1.0 ml of 4% NaHCO3, 1.0ml of 0.1% picryl sulfonic acid is kept in darkfor two hours at 400C.; acidified with N HCLand optical density measured at 340 mu. (1).

1 NOHNO2- N02

NO2

PRICE SCHEDULE:100 grams .gm $.6025 grams . gm .6310 grams . gm .705 grams . gm .79Reference: (1) T. Okuyama, K. Satake, J. of Biochem-istry (Japan) 47, 654.

SPECIFIC STAIN FOR SH GROUPS IN TISSUESMERCURY ORANGE (1, (4 Chloromercuri Phe-nylazo) 2 Naphthol Red Sulphydryl Reagent).Bennett reported that Mercury Orange is spe-cific for attachment solely to SH groups intissues (1) (2).The tissue was fixed in trichloracetic acid,dehydrated in alcohol or prepared by freezesubstitution. It was then teased into smallfragments. Mercury orange (red sulphydrylreagent) (RSR) was employed as a saturatedsolution in solvent.Using this standard, Bennett located SH groupsin regions previously not known to containthem, such as nerve cell bodies, in retinal rodsand in capillary endothelium.After testing a number of reagents, Mauri,Vaccari and Kaderavek concluded that onlyRSR procedure was sufficiently sensitive andspecific for thiols in tissues (3).

OH

C1-Hg- QN=NN

PRICE SCHEDULE:1 gram bottle .gram $53.50100 mg. bottle .btl. 7.90References: (1) H. S. Bennett and P. A. Yphantis,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 3522, (1948). (2) H. S. Bennett,Anat. Rec. 110, 231, (1951). (3) C. E. Mauri, F. Vaccari,and G. P. Kaderavek, Haematologia, 38, 263, (1954).THE LITERATURE REFERENCES SHOULD NOT BE INTER-PRETED AS EITHER AN ENDORSEMENT OR DISAPPROVAL OFTHE BIOCHEMICAL BY THE CITED INVESTIGATOR.

PHONE COLLECT, 216-662-0212. NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMICALS CORP. GUARANTEESSHIPMENT ON ANY OF OUR MORE THAN 3,000 RESEARCH BIOCHEMICALS WITHIN60 MINUTES OF YOUR CALL. ONE DAY DELIVERYANYWHERE IN CONTINENTAL U. S.A.

| Send for our free May l1964 catalog containingNUTRITIONAL ptoday for your copy

* CORPORATION =Ognzto/ ~~Organization

21010 Miles Avenue AddressCleveland, Ohio 44128 City State

m m m m - --------- m - m - m m m m m m m m m - m --------- m3 JULY 1964 3

for rapid, accurate

of radioactivityThe Packard Model 445 Armac Scintillation Detector is anextremely sensitive, large sample-volume (up to two liters)well-type detector designed for measuring radiation fromgamma-emitting isotopes.

Because its high counting efficiency and sensitivity per-mit shorter counting times, the Armac Detector enablesthe research scientist to quickly and accurately determinethe presence of low levels of radioactivity in bulk samplesincluding meat, milk, water, blood, feces, soil, or tissuewith little or no sample preparation.IDEALLY SUITED FOR IN VIVO RESEARCHThe Armac's 4-pi counting geometry and high countingefficiency require that only very small doses of radioactivitybe administered to small experimental animals duringin vivo research on retention and excretion of variousgamma-emitting isotopes. Sacrificing is unnecessary andthe animal acts as its own control for repeated experi-mentation.The Armac Detector Is also useful in nutritional studiesand clinical diagnosis where changes in the amount ofcirculating radioactivity in the blood can be directly relatedto other body functions. These changes can be measuredaccurately and rapidly using the blood-rich portion of thepatient's forearm which can be accommodated in theArmac's counting chamber.COMPLETE SYSTEMSAn Armac Detector System, comprised of the Model 445Armac Scintillation Detector and any of several PackardSpectrometers and related control units, recording rate-meters, etc., can be supplied to meet your needs. AnyArmac Detector System can be readily modified or ex-panded to meet changing research requirements.

Ask your Packard Sales Engineer for complete details, orwrite for Bulletins.(Photograph) COUNTING LIVE FISH IN FLOWING STREAM WATER.Photo courtesy of Oak Ridge National Laboratory operated by UnionCarbide Corporation f(w the U. S. Atomic Energy Commisslon.

|PACKARD INSTRUMENT COMPANY, INC.

BOX 42 * LA GRANGE, ILLINOIS * AREA CODE 312 * 485-8330

SCIENCE, VOL. 14512

Control mechanisms are reasonablywell known only in mammals, and muchremains to be learned about control inlower vertebrates and invertebrates.However, evidence concerning the func-tion of the urohypophysis and relatedstructures (Bern), and concerning watertaste in amphibians and fishes (Zotter-man), might well have been included.The bibliography has nearly 700 ref-

erences, well selected with emphasis onrecent work but with many older cita-tions as well. There are both authorand subject indexes. The monographwell shows the unevenness of ourknowledge about osmotic and ionicregulation. The viewpoint of the bookis biological rather than physicochem-ical, but cellular mechanisms are con-sidered in many cases where goodevidence is available. This book is clear-ly written, and it is highly recommend-ed to graduate students in zoology andphysiology, as well as to teachers andresearchers who wish a general surveyof current literature on the interestingsubject of osmotic and ionic regula-tion.

C. LADD PROSSERDepartment of Physiology andBiophysics, University of Illinois

What's in a Name?

Generic Names of Orchids. Their ori-gin and meaning. Richard EvansSchultes and Arthur Stanley Pease.Academic Press, New York, 1963.xvi + 331 pp. Illus. $12.

This book was written for the funof it; it should be picked up and readin the same spirit. As a book it is a

rather singular bouquet, with defini-tions, etymologies, and histories ofnames featured but with a variety ofaccessories too. There is a map show-ing the chief distribution centers oforchid genera (11 in all) over theglobe. Discussion of botanical nomen-

clature is followed by a summary ofthe morphology of the orchid flowerand then by a section of the economicsof the family. The beginnings of theuse of vanilla -is not easy to -explain,for the fully ripened capsules are de-void of the active principle and theimmature pod must be used. It is mucheasier to imagine the suggestive po-tency of the testiculate roots of many

terrestrial orchids.Thirty pages of diversions precede

3 JULY 1964

the dictionary of generic names. Theauthors gathered information for some7 years on 1250 generic names. Nat-urally they might have continued thesearch, for many stories associatedwith orchid names have not been toldin these pages. Bateman's Qrchids ofMexico and Guatemala is more than"'outstanding," it is elephantine! (Amatch for Audubon's Birds.) Who canforget the cartoon of the orchidist,teetering on the stepladder in his"stove" and peering at the gymnosten-ium of a choice bloom while he bal-ances Bateman opened at the descrip-tion? Almost as amusing as the orchidnames are the men who named them,and their idiosyncrasies. Thouars fa-vored names with the suffix "orkis"(Hipporkis, Erporkis, and the like).John Lindley was endeared of themuses and Greek nymphs. Rafinesqueis accused of forming generic namesincorrectly, but he stated on one oc-casion at least that he had willfully"mangled" orthography in favor ofeuphony.The year 1837 was the annuus mira-

bilis of orchidology. Then came theorchidomania of Victorian England.That an orchidist will always be re-membered with a commemorative ge-neric name is not assured. The "orchidworthy" George Ure Skinner (1804-1867) was never so immortalized. Theauthors' next book must be on thestories behind the specific names oforchids-they must tell us the inci-dents in the lives of the worthies andamateurs of the past. Then we shalllearn about Lycaste skinneri.

JOSEPH EWANDepartment of Botany,Tulane University

New BooksGeneral

Atlantic Crisis. American diplomacyconfronts a resurgent Europe. Robert Klei-man. Norton, New York, 1964. 158 pp.$2.95.A Checklist of the Birds of Arizona.

Gale Monson and Allan R. Phillips. Univ.of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1964. 78 pp.Illus. Paper, $1.75.

Circulation of the Blood: Men andIdeas. Alfred P. Fishman and DickinsonW. Richards Ed. Oxford Univ. Press, NewYork, 1964. 873 pp. Illus. $18.

Curare: Its History and Usage. K. BrynThomas. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1964.144 pp. Illus. $6.50.

Cybernetics and Management. StaffordBeer. Wiley, New York, 1964 (© 1959).232 pp. $5.25.

Drugs in Our Society. Based on a con-ference (Baltimore, Md.), November 1963.Paul Talalay, Ed. Johns Hopkins Press,Baltimore, 1964. 319 pp. Illus. $6.50.

Efficiency and Uplift. Scientific manage-ment in the progressive era, 1890-1920.Samuel Haber. Univ. of Chicago Press,Chicago, 1964. 195 pp. $5.

Emotional Health: In the World ofWork. Harry Levinson. Harper and Row,New York, 1964. 314 pp. $6.95.

Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physicsand Human Knowledge. Niels Bohr. Wiley,New York, 1964. 110 pp. $5.The Evolution of Biology. M. J. Sirks

and Conway Zirkle. Ronald, New York,1964. 382 pp. Illus. $6.The Experimental Earthwork on Over.

ton Down, Wiltshire, 1960. An accountof the construction of an earthwork, toinvestigate by experiment the way in whicharchaeological structures are denudedand buried. P. A. Jewell, Ed. British Assoc.for the Advancement of Science, London,1963. 108 pp. Illus. Paper, $4.50.

Familiar Reptiles and Amphibians ofAmerica. Will Barker. Harper and Row,New York, 1964. 240 pp. Illus. $5.95.The Flora of Delhi. J. K. Maheshwari.

Council of Scientific and Industrial Re-search, New Delhi, India, 1963. 455 pp.$8.

Great Smoky Mountains Wildflowers.Carlos C. Campbell, William F. Hutson,Hershal L. Macon, and Aaron J. Sharp.Univ. of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, ed. 2,1964. 88 pp. Illus. Paper, $1.50.

Herpetological Type-Specimens in theUniversity of Illinois Museum of NaturalHistory. Hobart M. Smith, David A.Langebartel, and Kenneth L. Williams.Univ. of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1964.80 pp. Paper, $3; cloth, $4.

William Herschel and the Constructionof the Heavens. Michael A. Hoskin. Nor-ton, New York, 1964. 199 pp. Illus. $6.

India and the West. Barbara Ward. Nor-ton, New York, ed. 2, 1964. 295 pp. $4.95.Management and the Worker. F. J.

Roethlisberger and William J. Dickson.Wiley, New York (© 1939), 1964. 639pp. Illus. Paper, $2.65.

Mathematical Games and Pastimes. A.P. Domoryad. Translated from the Rus-sian edition (Moscow, 1961) by HalinaMoss. Pergamon, London; Macmillan, NewYork, 1964. 310 pp. Illus. $5.Medieval Technology and Social Change.

Lynn White, Jr. Oxford Univ. Press, NewYork, 1964 (reprint of 1962 edition). 222pp. Plates. Paper, $1.85.

Nobel Lectures in Physics. vol. 3, 1942-1962. Published for the Nobel Foundationby Elsevier, New York, 1964. 635 pp.Illus. $85 set.

Overtures to Biology. The speculationsof eighteenth-century naturalists. Philip C.Ritterbush. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven,Conn., 1964. 297 pp. Illus. $7.50.

Poisonous Plants of the United Statesand Canada. John M. Kingsbury. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1964. 640pp. Illus. $13.A Short History of the Gout. And the

rheumatic diseases. W. S. C. Copeman.Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, 1964.248 pp. Illus. $6.

43

11 1-1- .--I.,. ..'...'7 ..III11 I,. 11, ... .. .. ...] ..IV. ,.I" .. X-.: :: ::::!!X:.. !:]ii..:]...i ...."....I- ..11 -..---, I-. '1_1.II..I.

.' ...-.- ...-..I..I. .:.%: X.:- ::.I.::.:.::.::.:......II....., I' .- .11

-I--.,.''.1"'. 11-,.,. 11 ''. ..' --.!...7..:!..:. ....".'..,.I.". -... -'..,.1I-.....I..I- :.:, Ilj. ..I..II'll..-I.1I..'

.I--I....- ..-.-. .-...1..'.,.." ,.I....--....:::

II.I.- .X....'.....I.:! 0:::I,.... .. .- .1 .- -..I-.I, ,-I.,,,I..- .I.. .. .,......

.....I...I..---.,...' .-:I"I. _-..- .......I- .I11I.1I--.'', WUXI"..,,III-11I..II-.. ::::7 1.-.I..---.-11..--.--1, ......,:L.. .I I.I..II.I. - I.....--....,.,.....1.I,I,,I III I. ...

-.. .-.. .I-.. .51U04" ... .'_1511-1111.1,1.111,I.11..._-...

-1I:.-Tm. .'I.-I.-'I'....II..1,.:....I...,. II I_-II .,'I.."III.II..I.

--.-.-I---..III.11I..III-,,- ,,--:.I..--,III.". 1"..II:-:.'w..:.:..'-,I1,"I'II.1.-'.1,......-II.I. III .III I.. I---......:.

.II-.I......-''I.,..1:0.,-...I':- .: ::::I.. III.I'-1.I11-........1II,--.,I.1I-.1 .,..,,.II .I ..I

.I.._..::::-: .11"1,-...II,,..-1..-...I.jm.i..:--I.-- II-.I..,...I:,.': 1-1-.I-..I..I :'::':....:: 1,....... -I"II.I.:-" :. X: :.:.

-1.111.1-::.::]. :.:...j....:.` I'I'll..I. 1.I-,..:,. ..I II------.- '--.-11I.. ,-...

..:,.: .I- 1-. - ...... .1III..''.I:11.II.11:.'. %-I-11"I1''. I'll 11%

r-1 ]i..].. ]..'..:......].i......]..i.....: ..:- 11-11T..'- I'::::::.:!;.:::.:j:.::..:.:].:...I., ... 11-11-1-I.. I..I:i.z:i:.':::::I1% .I".1.-.. 11....I.I.III..,:.1:..:.:: .:. ..:. .. :: .11: ::!:.::::::::::::::;1 :1 :!.II.I.II.I"I.IIII.-.,,I. "..m,...z:;X,:,.1-.-:::...I..;IIII..II.III,,.,III.II...I.III.,'.

.1IIII,:.. 'I,'::: :..1:. .".... "'I'l., ,.',-*::::I.I:.:-I,I.,II,.,I,,1, I,,",.I .III,I1, :..II.I..: ..:.1.:.. .::, :::. :....::,:: :m:: :: :::.I.I.I.I-:I.:I,.-:::..,.-. ....... ...'....,..,_ ..:. .:j:..j:.! :.:: :.:..j.;:j. ..:.' I...I I-. ..I ..'..-.I..I.. .I.I ,IIII...II.I.,,,,:,! ..II. ...II.."I'_,:.:.,,..III,

...I"', ". .' '' '' :''.::.::'' :;."::I,.I.I..I...-.......'''''.I.I.'''-' ''II....'I'..,.I. ..:j. :::.:.: .:' .:. :. :':i;. .]. ""...":I' 'Iq.::,:"I%...::.i.':'.: ..; :r:... .:':':. ,.I,III-"'.II,', ...,III"I".'I..III:- ..I::.:I:.'...:," ,..,I1III.I.:. '.X.! ..; :.: ': :::.:::::.:.::.::::- ::-:. .:II."b ,..-II.I..::i'. ...:::.....'.1,11, ..-. .I 1,.I, ..:.:.-.........'- ::;:::.1:.I.:;..].I.I- -,...I.

,,.,...,..,I ..1 .' I'..II III.I...III.::..:;.:jji.! ..:. "..:.. i. j:.]. .. !.....]:.''.'I:.II1%..,..-,I.I"., 1,.-,. "..II IIIII,,'I.'I.I ....I.,...:::: i:-: :-. :-: ::-:-. :.:. .,." ::..... ':.. ,,""II..I::....II..,I.,.IIIII,..I..I.III1,IIIIi.:..1..I.I.,T"-,.Iii:j ::..I'::' .......I.I.II,:ii. .j:i,.::...1I,,

:...ii. ]...:Ilil ..i..r.:,...:,,:::. ..: :.......1,IIII...I.., ,I. I..,.I.IrI...,.... .'..I..:.:.."...1..,'..........-..I:::.:.::-.::: .:: .:::.::!::.:.:.:. :::: ..1.1".II.:.::.I.I,... ...... ..: :X X: :.: :': ::::.:::!.:].III .....-':::.:::,I.I1.I..I--.I.I...%I..'I... -..L..:. Ir..::: :..I,....

.II..,i.::I.'I.,", .'.I.,.I.-....I.I-...,.'.III.I..-'. I, ,.::. .:::. ::::x.::. .].':..,"I...: ..:-: :.:.X: .:.

:..:::,z.::::::::::::.:...::::.::::.:.::::z:::::::::;:.::::::..".........I.-' 11 '..' 11 1.III,..III1,IIIIIIII.::.I::,:,:.,:X.:--..I1,II..1,I...III."..I...I.I."III..III..II.....III

.I:::':.:'.].: ::: ::.:... !... 'i...:II ...IIII.II....,,:.I-II ...I.IIII..I....' ,-..,

..:.:. :%.:..:: ::! .:.: %:I..:':..,I......I.II,.,,.I ..II.I.III.. .::: .:. .:: :::..:::::: :.: :::: :,::::I::-.I.,.F.II:..-:.: :'..::::..- .,..,,.I.' .'.I.....IIIIII..,,--i.

I..II.I.......,..,,,,,.,..II.....-.. ....,.III".. I,I..... ..I", .',",,III".1,.I.:....I.I....I..

1"I.....-I. ."::::: ..III..:. :::.. ::::. :.:.: ::::: ,,,,..,-I1,..I .::::': :, ::..;:.%..::'.:::. .::: :.:::::::::.:I.1IIII,,II,."....I..I...:!.III.I-I.,II"..'I. .... :...:::::: .::: .'._ I....I..j,IIILL.,.I'.: I.-. -.-.1.....,-III.., .: :-:.A::'.II.I...I I,..I....,I .....1.....1..:.X.:.III. ...,... I:: ..:.:: .:::.:::;:.:.

::X::,,.,.,..I...II..'----'. :::...1: .."II.I.IIIIII.I.,...

....',.. 1, .-.::.I..:::. ::I::....III ..,.,IIII,.II.,...:r.III.I.I.'II1.:Ii-. ;. :- --,.. :..:::. ::.III'........I1,,.III....::. III,1-1 .II_.-_ ..", ,.::X.'.'........,,I.'......III.II,.".IIII.......X.::.:.t:-.:.:..:I..,.I .I.....::::.: :.. :::...... ..I.II .II::.:::: .%..::::'':.... .1.IIr,III.I.I..":.. :.:..':...:'::7.'..-:1::..::IIIIIIIIIIF..-..

,'... .II II....I .:.:, :.::,.:...... .....,'. ,X.: :..:.X,:':'I...LI..I.IIIIIII..." ,.., 1,........-_-..I.I..-..,,.." .,.,,'. I.,-I.1,I:.. ...: :.:I.--..,.I..II.1,.1,II...:.....,......I.,.I-..-...,II..I........III. .I ...I.I.I.'.I.I .I-. :.:_':.:!..III.,I.. .'..,., .,.I1,I.,.I.I'':.]..''.--'- ...

.---:.:.::.:::::::::::::'----.4'..'..I.I":.. ...""I .I,'.

.II.I....... 1...,1".',.I.II,..-"I.,I:_-', .'II'..II.I...I. I.II:..:::;t

.:::..:,.III.I-...LI."', -.-.II::II. I.'.......-:':...I .I..-1...I-III,,,I.I"I..,..I",,".".II III... v .X X:::.I.II-II",....:...:.:: .. .:::. .::::::I, '.'..,F1..II.I..I.II.,,

lj....I,.II.,.II ...,..-II.I..I.I.I.....' ...IIII-I ......--I.I..I.1I.1.....",.I.I.ILI.L....,..II,,..I.I,,.I..::-.:::...III1,.I",-I1,,I..,I1:..I.. ...I.I..II.II.I ,.,.,.,.,.

...I.,.,". ...I.I::,:.: .::q .:...II.I"I"..'I..I.I.II..:::!.,....I....,II.I..I.I.......1....II...I-.III........III...,I"I:::..%.1:.i....:.:' .:...I.,I .::.;. I..... ..I,.-,.".'.."is, --..I.....:. .:.. ::. !..::....I...%...I..,I....,,,,..r::....,. mm,... ,. .. .".-.,I1,-IIII

I"II.: .. ..: .:..:i:-1.11, "I I.. ..,..I...I,..

....II ....'..-..-..". I-11..I I,", IIIIII....I .I .. .. .II1, I., ., I.II .....bI.",..... ... -III .I ..'.... I.X. !, :: .'I.......I.. 1. ..!..X:;:X:'---- ..-....

,-..-,III...I...-.....-"

--,,:: .-1..,I.III....I.III"I.III11I-II.'I..I

... ','-'.'.'_' "'.11-. 1-1 ...t.".I.I.I., ',,I...... .- --- .II..I-' 1, -.I IIII.., .!!.:.I.- ...I...I'.

..: I.--I!

........:I .I ._.I1, -: :::: .:!:::.:.::i'::,, ;.,

.-.....:II..IIII.... X., ._.II-.I.III ..II.I-..I-.I....I

,.....-I11

.'.....-. ,..II.I....I-...- I,. ".I-:-..:......III-.I;,I.1 .. ...-".I.:... .. :::.:%.: ::: ::!'-'-- -%

..-.I,:::-..1.11.,-"....-..:.. .:.

....:-..I---,.II....-.._

1..---.I..:II.I.-,I--..-..I.I ..I -...,...I.% 11,II.II1.,I -......I-II..'.. I--- .. 1-1-1I.''III

I-1.III......-- --11I.1,.I.__I.. I-11I..I....._1... .-II.I.-....-.II .I...".I-...._".. - I'..I.I1, - I... ... ,...,-,,::, :. I...I: --.I.,,.'...1..,. ,...11.-..-.I-I -I... ..-I..II"I..'' -1 .,I''....3.. 1"...1,I,II

-IIII ..."

I-.I.'.II....I.

,I

..'I.--: ..:.:::.%: .'. ::::.11Ii".L....::..::..::.::::. :.I11.11 .-- 1-1-11

:..-

..11.' .I..5IUdR 11 :. :'e.iI.51UR-Hb''I ..-X:.:.:II..I"I-...-I III -:.:: ..:.:.::::..:. ':r'. .'I.,.-,.IiI.IX,.I'.,.-:_I."I :.':.: ':.: .!-..;:. :iii:X-:. :.:7. L. -,, .',._.::!'..::.:;:.':. ::..:.. ..i.' ::X::. :::.:

,II.,II,..,I.I.I .I. ..I....: I....1,"I.-1 :::II.' -11 :..:"II.I11 ".-I.... .1.-."II.''.,I.III..1.II-...,- -."', I"I

..II. ..I -.".III.".......II I.11 -- -1,III ..... ...-I,%.--1.I ."",.II1.IIII'.:. :.. :.: :::.:::::.!.::. :i. ..: :::: .:.,..I ...-. .11,11.1

li.. ..I..::.- .. .-I. -1 --1. -11..1I-1. ---.....1:. ..I.I-....I---...-.I.' ...::x]:.. .=. .::.''.".'....'.'__ _'_,...

...:11III::...I-..---I.II -::'--- - - 11 "."..' I'll. .., 1.

.I4I II, I--- :..].......:.".,:...:..:..].i:...i.... ..:

.,..: .::.:. I---- I..I

-.I I..I.--II. -II-.- ".1-11 1..I-1..-I11 I.,.III -1111 -III .1. .4 -...-j 1-:;:: ...........i.i......:..,',.'.i..:.....,.,,..

-I- .:..:.:...:.].i........li.....:..........i...:. -.. X :'

..II.I.....,...1i"I.1, I"- ...."I -,."":I .":."' .::.. -..--.-. ....'......

1I.I...I III-II.:::..-..III ... II i..:....iii...:..-I-..IIIII..III4MM- ..!: 1,I11 II-..' .. ,. II .'...]..::.ii :.:':':X .::j::.I"-1 -.I.. IIr'. ... .I 11,II11I...1.--

III.II.I-I- -.,-...-- ..III.....I.II,.I.p.-... -:.,.11 ''--.. ...-.L....q..II-.11 I-".. :-j:i: :-: .::.:. :. ::::7:.:c::::X 11".....I ..I...I .IIIII 11III..IIII1 1.II .. IIII.I,I I.,.- -.IIII,1,,.I::.II ...II.I.1".III I''I`. .::: .:. .. ..--:::. -, ... ... -.I..,'....I...'I .-, .,.-11 11 ''..'".F.., .-.-.-......I .' 1:.I,..: j,. 11, .:.. .'...II. 1,.II-... 1. I'llI..-'.;:-:.:..:.:::::.:: ::::-::.::::::::'_I.I I.....II,.I. .',I-__ ,.-I .II.I11.III:- :: :.:: ,:_ ,,. -..,1, 11 '1-1_11-'."."."'1..-.I.II ....I-,. I-.. 111- ""...I.r, -.=_I.''.,...-I .1I..I.. .J,I.'. -' ", -........I..I. -I II.--, 11-11 11..II.III II I- -,.I.IIIIII- -.1

.IIII.I-"!.-.II,....-.'.I..I-I..L IIII,.

,........-III,...

..I,III,.I.. I..-..II..I.

...II-IIIII...;.:.: ...J'M 11'',I.b.II

-::. .: i:...III.''I.-...II.,

I...J. 'X.'-II.AIEMIL.I.-.I.'

...I".K.'...-..I.a.I,. it .I.I 1. -'...:::.711 ..III1,IIIaaqII.11I.-III. I-i - ..,IIaII.II.. ..IIII

.: ... ... ,"lift.nI..III.I..:.."I11IIIaI__-.I.I"I .I

II11-II....I.I ,II:II.-III.q ...,: -:: .::,..I: ..:x ..II.I 1..I II'll 11

I..III'L.I.:]

I'0...III-''I'll, 1,I1006,II,I.I'.-II.II

I..I .1,I.. ff.:.: 'a II1,".. n.1 II....."I..I._- .: X..-...X[I .Uta 3.-.-411 .-':- 1-1 I. ..1.;.Q.--.-!::-:::;;.I,.-11,.EX .-.,.

-.I-,.I--.I11.1.:::'.::..1, '"II,.,-t'.' I---,I

.11I.:.I.....

-:-X ..I-.111.."j- 11I...'&.."'.:I.1.II.I:.:.: ...:. I'.II.. .;.:.: ..I.11

11..I.',..: !'.::'

II.....III'll",

I-...II...,-...I..'-.'.. I.,:::I.. .-.ii-':L.. II-

IIIIIII:.;-:,.IIII.,,III... "'"'III..IIIO.I.. -.:--I..--.....,-F-'..:.. .. 1,I.I-, I%

-I...

III"..'-..bl. 5FU-H -.I-I:.-,11.... .: .::...V., II-.III

... .!..:i.i ...I'I',...I..-_1-.I'llI.-....-.-I-------'--,-11.11,..-. ..!

.III-.I.II.,.I..III..I

II

-...I-I

II.II..III...II-III.,

-..,.I-....III

lo

The legacyof a lifetime-P.W. BRIDGMAN'Shalf century ofresearch

COLLECrEDEXPERIMENTALPAPERS OFP.W.BRIDGMANThe complete papers consti-tuting the remarkable recordof P.W. Bridgman's fiftyyears of experimental work inthe physics of high pressure,for which he received the 1946Nobel Prize, are reproducedin these seven volumes exactlyas they originally appeared.His pioneering research on theeffects of high pressures onthe behavior of matter led tovast increases in the pressuresobtainable in the laboratoryand to measurements of thecompressibility of a largenumber of materials, of theviscosity of liquids under pres-sure, of changes in phase, andof numerous other propertiesof materials which had beensubjected to high pressures. Acomplete index of substances-based on one he prepared -is provided, together with anindex of subjects including ap-paratus and techniques. Illus-trations and tables.

Seven volumes $100.00

And again availableP.W. Bridgman's

STUDIES INLARGE PLASTICFLOW ANDFRACTUREWith Special Emphasison the Effects ofHydrostatic Pressure

This long-awaited reprint ofan important work that origi-nally appeared in 1952 de-scribes experiments on thebehavior of materials, par-ticularly steel, under veryhigh pressure. 169 figures, 27tables. $9.75

ask your bookseller

JTARVARDUNIVERSITY PRESS

*A..wJCambridge, Mass. 0218880

resistance. Zero suppress of up to atleast 100 uv on microvolt ranges andup to 100 mv on millivolt ranges ispossible and stability is such that 100times full scale may be suppressed.In this way, with the instrument seton the 1 -uv range, variations of lessthan 1 /Av may be measured in asteady-state signal of 100 -v. Theinstrument is stable to within 10 nano-

volts per 24 hours after 1 hour warmupwith reasonably constant ambient tem-perature, and long-term drift is non-cumulative. Input resistance is 1000ohms on the 10-nanovolt range and in-creases to 1 megohm on the 100-mvrange in 1 X and 3 x steps, with themaximum source resistance one-hun-dredth of the input resistance on allscales. Input noise is less than 1 nano-

volt on the most sensitive range. Thegain as an amplifier varies from 10 to10, corresponding to the range se-

lected. A recorder output of + 1 voltd-c at 1 ma is supplied for full-scalemeter deflection on any range. Solidstate circuitry is incorporated through-out with the exception of the first twoinput stages. The instrument may bebattery operated for convenience or

improved line-frequency isolation. A 6-volt nickel-cadmium battery pack willoperate from 8 to 16 hours and isautomatically recharged when the in-strument is reconnected to a-c line.-D.J.P. (Keithley Instruments, Inc.,Dept. S266, 12415 Euclid Ave., Cleve-land 6, Ohio)

Liquid scintillation counter automat-ically determines the activity andquenching in up to 200 samples. Aftereach sample count the instrumentprints out sample number, time, andbackground-corrected count rate foreach channel. An external standard-aCs'37 point source-moves into thecalibration position and the sample isrecounted for I minute to correct forquenching without the necessity ofadding radioactivity to the sample. Itis claimed that the use of the externalstandard chosen to provide good count-ing statistics in short calibration periodspermits counting efficiency to be de-termined independently of samplecounting statistics. Inaccurate resultsat low counting rates are therebyavoided. All silicon solid-state elec-tronics, with dynamic range, quartzcrystal controlled timing, and plug-indetermination of settings for common-

ly used assays are additional claims.-R.L.B. (ANS, Inc., Dept. S277, P.O.Box 37, Wallingford, Conn.)

LIMITED RELEASE-U.S. GOVT. SURPLUSSNIPERSCOPEINFRARED SET (M-3)for scientists, gun collectors, naturalistsBuilt in 1950 and 1951 by American Optical Co. Inexcellent working condition. Used by our troops forobserving enemy in total darkness without beingdetected. Suggested uses: medical research, study ofnocturnal animal life, mineralogy, industrial and med-ical research, crime detection. Rare item for gun col-lectors. Telescope is 163/4" long; clear aperture of lensis 50.4mm. A 5"-diameter filter is attached. Knobadjusts focus electrostatically; second knob adjustsreticle intensity. Reticle also has vertical and hori-zontal adjustments. Canvas carrying case and shoulderstrap included. Complete unit includes 11" x 14" x 16"chest, telescope with RCA 6032 image tube, 20,OOOVpower pack with canvas carrying case and shoulderstraps, IR light source, steel carbine bracket, pistol-grip handle with switch control. Formerly highly classi-fied. Limited supply. Orig. Govt. cost, $800. Shippingwt., approx. 30 lbs. Price $249.50

SNIPERSCOPE BATTERYRechargeable 6V power sourcefor sniperscope. Excellent formany other 6V applications.Approx. shipping wt., 15 lbs.

$9.95. Two for $18.00Prices F.O.B. Pasadena. No C.O.D.'s, please.

C& H SALES CO.2186 E. ColoradL St.. P3sadena, Calif. I MUrray 1-4925

SCIENCE, VOL. 145

AAAS Symposium VolumeFundamentals ofKeratinization

Edited by Earl 0. Butcher and Reidar F.Sognnaes. 202 pages. 136 illustrations.References. Index. Published May, 1962.

Co-sponsored by the AAAS Section on MedicalSciences, the American Colloge of Dentists,American Dental Association, and the Inter-national Association for Dental Research,North American Division.

The fields of anatomy, dentistry, derma-tology, medicine, pathology, and zoologyare all represented in this volume. It pre-sents information on those processes ofgrowth and differentiation through whichepithelial cells are transformed into im-portant keratinized structures-informa-tion developed through the use of newertechniques in histology, histochemistry,electron microscopy, tissue culture, chem-istry, and physics. The effect of environ-ment and physical factors, ultravioletradiation, and vitamin A are stressed,and particular attention is given to thekeratinization of the mucosa and cystsin the oral cavity. Ultrastructure andchemistry of dental enamel provides in-triguing new information.

Price: $6.50 ($5.75 prepaidfor AAAS members).

Order today from

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FORTHE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

1515 Massachusetts Ave., NWWashington, D.C. 20005