8/9/2019 SQ Answers

1/7

I SurnameI

I lnitialrs)I Signature

American Academy LarnacaYear 4 TestTriple SciencePhysicsTop ic P I b .I2: Space and its mysteries16/M archJ20 1 0Time: 20 minutes

Formulae:

Weight =mass x gravitational field strength T i V =11 1 x gForce =mass x acceleration F : - = 11 1 x a

SQ PAPER 1

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

2/7

Question 1Simon explains to Sheryl how the rocket works."The pump compresses air in the bottle which pushes against the bottle and water. Finally therubber stopper is pushed out and the air and water escape from the nozzle. The water pushed outfrom the rocket causes an upward thrust. At blast-off the rocket has maximum force but is notmoving very fast. The rocket accelerates as the water escapes. Adding a nose cone reduces drag."Use Simon's explanation to help you answer these questions.(a) Explain, in terms of forces, why the rocket accelerates as the water escapes .... ... ... ... ..:- .f ~ ~ \.H .~> .T ? ~.~\~.~.3 :X &g. . ~.>\i'4-JL-8

...............f. ~ 0.-:.~.l~ .(2)

(b) Explain why it is important to reduce drag .

..................\R...s?.~>..~.~ ..b l0. ~~1-:.J .( } . . . . ' i ' -............................. \ .

(2)(c) Explain why the thrust does not stay constant.

\f\1t .

(1)(d) Explain why the rocket stops accelerating.~V=Q....................................................................................................................................................

(1)

[Total for Q1: 6 marks]

SQ PAPER 2

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

3/7

Question 2

Fruit Shop

water melon tomato grape

(a) The diagram shows some fruit which can be bought in a fruit shop.The fruit shop and the fruit can be thought of as a model of some objects in space.The shop would stand for the Solar System.Draw a line from the name of each object in the Solar System to the fruit which best matchesits size.

object in theSolar System

fruit

lI

(b) A comet is also an object that can be seen in space. It is unlikely to hit the Earth.(2)

Suggest two reasons for this.1 l&..~~.~ ~ s . . ~ 0 . - . . \ \ ...............~ l.~~ k~ b;. ~~.\ .2 01>..~~~ ~\~ \'\~.~ ~ S..~.h .

tomato

....................................................................................................................................................

Earth I grape

(2)

QPAPER

[Total for Q2: 4 marks]

water melon: \ 10011

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

4/7

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

5/7

Question 4(a) When it is hot, helium emits light that has a wavelength of 5.88 x 10-7 m.

The outer layers of stars contain helium.The light ~etected at the Earth from helium present in a distant star has a wavelength o f6 .12 x 10 m .Explain what tills shows about the star.............................t (.~.~ 5;..~M .

............................~~ ~Q ..v . . ; . . ~ ~ . ~ ~ E P . :Y . ' : :V - : \ . . 4

(2)(b) The future of the Universe depends on the amount of mass present.

If this is greater than the 'critical mass', the Universe will eventually contract.If this is less than the 'critical mass', the Universe will continue to expand.

Complete the diagrams to show what will happen to the size of the Universe if its mass is:(i) less than the 'critical mass'(ii) equal to the 'critical mass'(iii) greater than the 'critical mass'(i)size of Universe (ii)size of Universe (iii)size of Universe

time time time(2)(c) Suggest why astronomers cannot be certain about the future of the Universe.

~">tvL ~~ s = - b ,_1 .. 0......... ........................... ..... . ........ . ........ .......... ~ ~ ~\ ..~.~ .....................b\~~t~~~i\.~ ~ ~~.~ .

(2)[Total for Q3: 6 marks]

TOTAL FOR STRUCTURED QUESTIONS Pi\PER: 20 MARKS

SQPAPER 5

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

6/7

Strength and Challenge QuestionThe picture shows the asteroid Gaspra and the two moons of Mars, Deimos and Phobos,to the same scale.

(a) Many astronomers believe that Mars's two moons are captured asteroids.What evidence is there in the picture to support this?. . . . . . .. .. . .. .. .. . . . .. : \~~.~ 5~ ... .. . . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. ~.~~\~ ~~ ....................... ~~ ~~~ .

(2)(b) Between which two planets are most of the asteroids located?........................~ ~~ ~.~.~.\.. --

(1)(c) Give two reasons why most asteroids are not bright enough to be seen with the naked eye.1 ~ ~.~ _ - - -_ _-2 ~~~.\\._ .,~ ~ c.~(\-0

~ ~~ ~~lJr

(2)r0l".~l.N\.....

(Tum over)

SQ PAPER 6

8/9/2019 SQ Answers

7/7

Desmond and Molly each make a simple refracting telescope to observe the asteroids.Desmonds telescope has the following specification:

diameter of objective lens = 40 mmf ocallength of objective lens = 50 cm

focal length of eyepiece =20 mm(d) Calculate the magnification ofDesmond's telescope.

__ .c: _ focal length of objectivernaWlllcatlO11 =----=--------=------ focal length of eyepieceUse the equation:

. . . . . . . . - - _ ~ _ S 0 . . .~ _ _ .

..................................................................,~ .

. . . . . = : . ~ .s. .(2)

(e) Molly's telescope lets in four times more light than Desmond's. What is the diameterof her telescope's objective lens?

A . "t.. ~...................................................~~ 6..:~1 .V ~ \[ .-=---~ -"")4-:..1 ~') V - - / z v = = WU1W1. . ....................................................................................... . .

(3)

[Total for Bonus Question: 10 marks]

END

SQ PAPER 7