Spring 2007Introduction to OS1 IT 3423: Operating System Concepts and Administration Instructor:...
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Transcript of Spring 2007Introduction to OS1 IT 3423: Operating System Concepts and Administration Instructor:...
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 1
IT 3423: Operating System Concepts and Administration
Instructor: Wayne (Weizheng) [email protected]
http://it.spsu.edu/wzhouOffice No.: J388
Office hours: MW 5:30pm - 7:45pm (or by appointment)
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 2
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
An introduction to basic operating system principles
Different types of operating systems and their administrations are studied
Learning basic system administering skills
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 3
COURSE OBJECTIVE: The goal for students in this course
is to learn the concepts the OSs and the basic administering skills. This course will cover basic OS concepts and the essential aspects of installing, configuring, networking, and administering the operating systems including the Windows Server 2003 and the Fedora Linux.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 4
COURSE OBJECTIVE: cont
The students will learn to work with domains, Active Directory, virtual private networking (VPN), Terminal Services, Internet Information Services (IIS), Domain Name Service, and other features including security, file systems, DHCP, and printing in Windows Server 2003 and Fedora.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 5
HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS: All assignments will be list on the class
schedule online, as well as on the assignment itself. The assignments will be accessible from anywhere on the Internet.
There are five homework assignments will be assigned in this semester.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 6
GRADING: Homework (5 @ 4% ea.) 20% Labs 16% Project 9% Exam 1, 2 (Windows) 30% Exam 3 (Linux) 25%
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 7
Introduction to Operating System (OS) A collection of system programs that
provides an intermediate interface between the computer hardware and computer user.
It provides software and hardware management.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 8
How an OS works? Environment- in which the OS provides
the look and feel of the system. Most OS includes a number of functionally
separate pieces.1. Kernel- It’s responsible for managing all
the other system programs. It oversees the whole process of operating the computer system.
2. Shell- It allows the user to operate the system
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 9
System components
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 10
A list of Operating Systems
DOS Windows Linux UNIX Novell Mac OS
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 11
Types of User InterfacesThe OS must provide a way for humans
to communicate with machine-User interface(UI).
1. Command-Line User Interface It uses the keyboard to communicate
with the OS and the computer.2. Graphical User Interface(GUI) It represents commands as a number
of small pictures called icons.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 12
Hardware CPU-the Central processing unit
It is the brain of the computer. RAM-random access memory
It functions as the principal workspace of the computer
ROM-read-only memoryIt is programmed once at the factory
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 13
Hardware: cont. BIOS-basic input-output system
It is a ROM chip that has programmed with the instructions needed to begin the boot process.
Motherboard-the main circuit board in the computer
Keyboard-It used to input information for the computer’s programs
Pointing Device
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 14
Classifications of Hardware Components 4 categories: input, output,
processing, and storage1.Input components-allow the
user to communicate information to the computer.include: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, and Voice devices
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 15
Classifications of Hardware Components: cont. Output components-allow the
communication of information back to the userinclude: Monitor and Printer devices
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 16
Classifications of Hardware Components: cont. Processing-the CPU is used to
process information. Storage devices-used to store
information.include: Tapes, Disks, Hard Disks, Zip, and Memory cards
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 17
Basic Functionalities of the OS
Including:1. Resource Management2. Memory Management3. File Management
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 18
Resource Management Starting Up
When the computer is turned on, it is set to look at the starting address for the BIOS.
It then reads the BIOS, the list of all instructions it needs to get going.
The last instruction in the BIOS is to start reading the OS
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 19
Resource Management: cont. Shutting Down
Date needs to be put away Settings need to be stored Connections with devices and
the network need to be terminated
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 20
Resource Management: cont. Multitasking and Allocating
CPU cycles Compute allows user to do more
than one thing at the same time But CPU only do one thing at a
time-only one program is running at any instance in time.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 21
Resource Management: cont.
The CPU counts the number of programs running and divides that number into one second
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 22
Memory Management After the computer is up and
running, the OS needs to allocate and manage memory.
RAM resource – controlled by OS without conflicting Some are used by OS Some are used by other running
programs
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 23
Memory Management If available RAM runs out:
Report to user and stop the process
Use virtual memory
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 24
File Management Files need to be stored,
retrieved, moved, duplicated, changed, and deleted.
The OS will perform all these functions.
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 25
File Management: cont. File types:
Programs – applications Documents – text, images,
sounds, … Containers – folders, directories
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 26
File Management: cont. Identifying Files and Types
Identified by extension name – DOS, Windows, UNIX
Identified by information that is hidden from user, but which is used by the OS – Mac OS
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 27
File Management: cont. Navigating and Locating Files
Group files together into folders (containers)
Can use search function to locate files if you know the files’ name
Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 28
File Management: cont. Copying and Moving Files
Between folders / disks Removing Files
Between HD and removable media