SPOTLIGHT: TUCSON / PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
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Transcript of SPOTLIGHT: TUCSON / PIMA COUNTY, ARIZONA
2012 Urban Water Sustainability Leadership Conference2012 Urban Water Sustainability Leadership ConferenceAlan Forrest, P.E., Tucson Water Director; Jackson Jenkins, Director – RWRD; Ed Curley,
Senior Program Manager – RWRD; Dr. Jeff Prevatt, Regulatory Compliance Manager – RWRD; Dr. Paul Green, Executive Director – Tucson Audubon Society; Claire Zucker,
Sustainable Environment Program Director – PAG
Spotlight: Tucson/Pima County, Arizona
October 16, 2012
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Team Members- Regional Wastewater Reclamation Department
- Tucson Water Department
- Tucson Audubon Society
- Pima Association of Governments
- University of Arizona
Spotlight: Tucson/Pima County, ArizonaSpotlight: Tucson/Pima County, Arizona
Regional WastewaterReclamation Department
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Spotlight: Tucson/Pima County, ArizonaSpotlight: Tucson/Pima County, Arizona
Topics- Introduction to the Arid West- ROMP – Water Quality and the Environment- Arid Lands / Water Resources – A Balancing Act- Birds, Business, and Reclaimed Water- Science and Technology- Creating a New Water Resource
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Introduction to the Arid West and Pima CountyIntroduction to the Arid West and Pima County
Ed Curley, Senior Program Manager – RWRD
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The Arid West is Different!The Arid West is Different!
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The Arid West – Defined by RainfallThe Arid West – Defined by Rainfall
0 – 10”
10 – 20”
>20”
Average AnnualPrecipitation
Arid West ecosystems are unique in the United States
www.tucsonforbeginners.com
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Critical Issues in the Arid WestCritical Issues in the Arid West
Water Quantity
Water Quality
Water Reliability
Stormwater
Water Quantity
Water Quality
Water Reliability
Stormwater
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Arid West Water Quantity / AllocationArid West Water Quantity / Allocation
Colorado River water rights
All surface water in the Arid West is fully allocated to federal, state, tribal, municipal or private (farms and ranches) interests.
Groundwater levels are declining across the West.
As a result, effluent has become very valuable as a water source, and the control and utilization of effluent are critical issues!
Existing groundwater rights
NRCS Photo
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Arid West Water QualityArid West Water Quality
Human Health Aquatic Environment
Emerging Contaminant Concerns
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Arid West Water ReliabilityArid West Water Reliability
Drought
Satellite images
Lake Mead, 2010
Lake Mead, 1985
Photo by Craig Moran, LV Review Journal
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Arid West Stormwater Quality/QuantityArid West Stormwater Quality/QuantityErosion hazards / sediment transport
Debris flows and sediment
Wildfires that alter
watershed conditions
Inadequate stormwater facilities in urban core
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Tucson
Pima County
Who We AreWho We Are
Population: 1,000,000 in Pima County742,000 in City of Tucson
9,200 square miles
Annual rainfall: 12 inches (metro area)
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Native American Tribes/NationsNative American Tribes/Nations
Welovesonora.com
• Sovereign nations• 42% of land in county
is Native American land
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Public LandsPublic Lands
• Only 14% of land in county is private
Bureau of Land Management
Forest Service
Indian Reservation
Local or State Parks
Military
National Parks
Other
Private
State Trust Land
Wildlife Refuge
Saguaro National Monument
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Bobcat
Coyote
Mule Deer
Raccoon
Javelina
Sonoran Desert Conservation PlanSonoran Desert Conservation Plan
Critical and sensitive habitat Biological corridors Riparian preservation Historical and cultural resources Mountain parks Ranch conservation
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ROMP – Water Quality and the EnvironmentROMP – Water Quality and the Environment
Jackson Jenkins, Director – RWRD
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Pima/Tucson Water Cycle
Golf Courses
Homes
Commercial/Industrial
ReclaimedWaterPlant
WellWell
Well
Tucson
Santa C
ruz River
Parks Reservoir
Booster
Well
Wastewater Reclamation
Plant
Booster
Booster
Well
Reservoir
Well
Golf Courses
Schools
Storage and Recovery
Project
Arizona
Central
Project
Hayden/UdallTWP
Reservoir
Grand CanyonLake
Havasu
Hoover Dam River Rocky MountainsGlen Canyon
Dam
Golf Courses
Homes
Commercial/Industrial
ReclaimedWaterPlant
WellWell
Well
Tucson
Santa C
ruz River
Parks Reservoir
Booster
Well
Wastewater Reclamation
Plant
Booster
Booster
Well
Reservoir
Well
Golf Courses
Schools Golf Courses
Homes
Commercial/Industrial
ReclaimedWaterPlant
WellWell
Well
Tucson
Santa C
ruz River
Parks Reservoir
Booster
Well
Wastewater Reclamation
Plant
Booster
Booster
Well
Reservoir
Well
Golf Courses
Schools
Storage and Recovery
Project
Arizona
Central
Project
Hayden/UdallTWP
Reservoir
Storage and Recovery
Project
Arizona
Central
Project
Hayden/UdallTWP
Reservoir
Grand CanyonLake
Havasu
Hoover Dam River Rocky MountainsGlen Canyon
Dam
Grand CanyonGrand CanyonLake
Havasu
Hoover Dam River Rocky MountainsGlen Canyon
Dam
o
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Ina Road WRF
Rillito Vista WRF
Randolph Park WRF
Mt. Lemmon WRF
Pima CountyFairgrounds WRF
Corona deTucson WRF
Green Valley WRF
Avra Valley WRF
Arivaca Junction WRF
Regional Sewer Service Area
RWRD 2nd largest wastewater
system in Arizona
700-square-mile service area
265,000 customers
500 employees
Conveyance 3,500 miles of sewer pipe
73,000 manholes and cleanouts
29 lift stations
Treatment 10 wastewater
reclamation facilities
2 regional and 8 sub-regional
Average 62 million gallons per day (MGD) of treated wastewater
30 dry tons per day of biosolids to be applied to agricultural lands
Regional Wastewater Reclamation Facilities (WRF)
Sub-Regional WRFs
Tucson CityLimits
Roger Road WRF
Pima CountyRegional Wastewater
Reclamation Department
Pima County Regional Wastewater Reclamation SystemPima County Regional Wastewater Reclamation System
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Plant Interconnect
Project Schedule Status
Project Completed
December 22, 2010
Project/Operational
April 11, 2011
Pipe being laid
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Water Reclamation Campus Treatment Facility
Purpose
To replace the aging Roger Road WRF with a new state-of-the-art WRF
To comply with the regulatory requirement to significantly reduce nutrient concentrations in effluent discharged to the Santa Cruz River
To provide Class A+ reclaimed water quality
To provide reclaimed water to Tucson Water for parks, golf courses and environmental restoration projects
Water Reclamation Campus Treatment Facility
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Water Reclamation Campus Treatment Facility
Project Schedule StatusRegulatory Compliance date for facility to be operational and in compliance with regulatory effluent quality requirements:
January 30, 2015
Contract substantial completion date: August 14, 2014
Project is currently 62% complete
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Water & Energy Sustainability Center(WESC)
Project Purpose
To provide a state-of-the art water laboratory to provide all regulatory compliance testing
To provide analytical services for other governmental agencies and universities
Project Schedule Status
Project Completed
March 2012
Project/Operational
December 2011
WESC Lobby
WESC Exterior
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Biosolids / Biogas Utilization Master Plan
Purpose
Develop a master plan for future regional treatment and reuse of biosolids
Develop a master plan for the complete beneficial utilization of biogas
Local Biosolids Application Digester Gas Complex
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Regional Optimization Master Plan
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• A+ reclaimed water
• Lower BOD
• Nitrification/denitrification
• Improved solids removal
Wastewater Reclamation Facility
Addressing Water Quality with State-of-the-art Treatment
Bardenpho Treatment
So, What are the projected levels????
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Average Pollutant Concentration, (mg/L)Expected Effluent Quality vs. Existing Effluent Quality
Ina Road WRF
Roger Road WRF
Nitrogen 26 31
Phosphorus
3.4 4.0
BOD 12 10
TSS 7 16
EXISTING TREATMENT
Based on Actual Treatment Quality, 2010
Ina Road WRF
Water Reclamation Campus
2.5 2.3
< 1.0* < 1.0*
2.4 2.7
3.1 3.3
UPGRADED TREATMENT
Estimate Using Actual Percent Removal by ExistingBNR Facilities and Actual Influent Data, 2010
* From Basis for Design – Effluent Quality Requirements Ina Road WRF Capacity and Effluent Quality Upgrade; Ina Road WRF Capacity and Effluent Quality Upgrade Final Design Report, January 2011
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ROMP Implementation Costs
ROMP planning level estimated cost (2006 dollars): $536 million
ROMP budget includingcost inflation (assuming an inflation rate of 5%): $720 million
Bonding/debt service:
1+ billion1+ billion
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Financial Planning – Impact of Rate Increase on Average Sewer Bill
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ROMP Budget vs. Projected Final Costs
ROMP BUDGET PROJECTED FINAL COSTS
Ina Road WRF $301,290,000 $311,717,581
Plant Interconnect 41,190,000 33,415,907
Water Reclamation Campus 275,100,000 182,466,445
Central Laboratory Complex 28,870,000 28,870,000(5)
Biosolids / Biogas Master Plan 21,810,000 25,810,000(2)
SCADA 13,460,000 13,593,000
Roger Road WRF Decommissioning / Deconstruction
38,290,000 41,107,736(3)
TOTALS $720,010,000(1) $636,980,669(4)
1) The original ROMP Budget of $720,000,000 has been reduced to $660,000,000 due primarily to the budget savings in the award of the Water Campus Treatment Facility DBO Project.
2) Significant savings in capital costs may be realized if the ultimate master plan results in a Public Private Partnership with private sectors ownership such as in a DBFOO procurement.
3) The capital cost for the deconstruction of the Roger Road WRF property may be significantly reduced in the event of the sale or lease of the property.
4) Additional reductions in the ROMP Budget below current ROMP Budget of $660,000,000 is anticipated when the project procurement methods for the Biosolids / Biogas Master Plan and deconstruction of the Roger Road WRF Property are decided.
5) The projected costs for the Central Laboratory Complex includes costs for an expansion to the Laboratory for future RWRD needs and an interim lease agreement with the University of Arizona.
Alan Forrest, P.E., Tucson Water Director
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Tucson Water Potable and Reclaimed Water SystemsTucson Water Potable and Reclaimed Water SystemsWater System
$115,000,000 in Water Sales
$141,000,000 in Total Rev.
800,000 Customers
225,000 Metered Services
212 Production Wells
65 Water Storage Fac.
100 Boosters
20,000 Fire Hydrants
80,000 Valves
Reclaimed System
160 miles of pipeline
5 Reservoirs
10 MGD Filtration Plant
Recharge & Recovery Facilities
Deliveries - 15,203 ac-ft
820 Sites, 1,073 meters
18 golf courses
704 SF residences
47 parks (43 City, 4 County)
61 schools
18 Golf Courses
47 Parks
Groundwater
212 Production Well Sites
65 Water Storage Facilities
Potable Water
Tucson City Limits
Reclaimed Water
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Available Water Supplies
Rocky Mountains
Renewable Water Supplies
Finite Water Supplies
Colorado River
Colorado River Allocation Recycled Water “Other” Water Supplies
Tucson Water Supply
Groundwater Stored Colorado River Water
Santa C
ruz River
Reclaimed Water
In Channel Recharge
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2011 Wet Water By Type
CAPGroundwater TARP Reclaimed
Total Water Production120,350 AF
CAP Water64%
Groundwater20%
TARP Water5%
Reclaimed Water11%
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Efficiency & Conservation
Zanjeros ProgramZanjeros Program
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Tucson’s Reclaimed Water
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2011 Effluent Storage & Recovery Summary
Annual RecoveryPhysical Losses Cut to AquiferLong Term Storage
9%
44%28%
19%
Total Delivery to 3 Underground Storage Facilities13,441.2 AF
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Transition to Renewable Supplies
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010Year
Wat
er P
rod
uct
ion
fo
r T
W S
ervi
ce A
rea
(Acr
e-F
eet
)
Pumped Groundwater
CAP
Reclaimed Water
Groundwater Pumping at 1959 Level
Total Potable Water Use at 1994 Level
2011
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Tucson Water‘s History of Planning
1989 2004 2008 2012RWMP
RWMP
Long Range Plan
Update&
Tucson Water Resources Plan 1990-2100
Water Plan: 2000-2050 Water Plan: 2000-20502008 Update
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Potable Water Use Projection to 2050
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Year
Vo
lum
e (
Acr
e-F
ee
t)
2027
The data were provided to TW by PAG - PAG sources the data as:University of Arizona, Eller College of Management, Economic and Business Research Center - 2011 3rd Quarter Forecast for Pima County
Colorado River Water
Banked Colorado River WaterCombination of Renewable and Finite Water Supplies
Potable Demand @145 GPCD
Actual Demand
Demand = CAP Allocation
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City of Tucson Sweetwater Wetlands
Cooperative InitiativesConstructed Recharge
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Cooperative InitiativesEcosystem Restoration
After restorationAfter restoration
Before restorationBefore restoration
Army Corps of Engineers
Pima County RWRD & RFCDCity of Tucson
Kino Environmental Restoration Project
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Birds, Business and Reclaimed WaterBirds, Business and Reclaimed Water
Dr. Paul Green, Executive Director – Tucson Audubon Society
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Birds and Pima County Wastewater TreatmentBirds and Pima County Wastewater Treatment
Why so many kinds of birds?
Economic value of birding in Pima County
PCRWRD proactively encourages multiple use
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Southeast Arizona/Pima County
One percent of the area
Fifty percent of the birds
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Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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How many different kinds of birds in Arizona?
How many different kinds of birds in Arizona?
Around 914 species in North America
525 species in Arizona
620 in Texas616 in California523 in New Mexico485 in Florida465 in Colorado445 in New Jersey
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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US Fish & Wildlife ServiceUS Fish & Wildlife Service48 million Americans watch birds Generate $82bn in total industry outputGenerate 671,000 jobsContribute $11bn taxes82% spending generated by non-
consumptive uses of refuges26.2 million golfers
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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How do Wildlife Watchers spend their $$ in Arizona?How do Wildlife Watchers spend their $$ in Arizona?
Food $33,158,867 $76,523,656 $109,682,523
Lodging
$15,317,068 $68,511,041 $83,828,109
Private transportation
$28,246,411 $41,284,636 $69,531,047
Public transportation
$905,018 $27,780,815 $28,685,834
Public land access fees
$1,910,195 $3,193,743 $5,103,938
Guide fees $1,108,307 $1,193,379 $2,301,686
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
Gem Show Superbowl XXX Hunting Fishing Golf Wildlife Viewing0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
Total Economic Impact/000s/200x
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Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Tucson Audubon ProvidesTucson Audubon ProvidesInformation Finding Birds in
Southeast Arizona Tucsonaudubon.org Rare bird alert Nature stores Develop resources at facilities
where birding is good Birding trails
Events National festival Bird walks: several every week Events for learning, celebrating
Places Water is scarce in an arid
environment Water-based habitats attract
birds in abundance and variety Cooperation promotes
understanding RWRD Wastewater Reclamation
Facilities hugely attractive to birds and birders
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Roger Road
Avra Valley
Green Valley
Corona de Tucson
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Rob
ert
Sh
an
tz
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Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Roger RoadRoger Road
Access Management
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Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
Avra ValleyAvra Valley
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
Green ValleyGreen Valley
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
5454
Birds, business, and reclaimed waterBirds, business, and reclaimed water
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Science and TechnologyScience and Technology
Dr. Jeff Prevatt, Regulatory Compliance Manager – RWRD
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Endocrine Disruptors (EDCs) – A Subset of ECsEndocrine Disruptors (EDCs) – A Subset of ECs
PersonalCareProducts
Metals
IndustrialChemicals
PharmaceuticalDrugs
Synthetic andNaturally Occurring Hormones
PesticidesHerbicidesFungicides
Suspected EDCs
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Wastewater Treatment and Removal of Emerging Contaminants
Wastewater Treatment and Removal of Emerging Contaminants
Effects of trace organics in effluent discharged into surface water or through groundwater infiltration have not been well studied.
There is evidence of biodegradation of some trace organic compounds in the stream environment.
USGS: The Story of 4-n-nonylphenol
Biodegradation in Stream Sediments
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Wastewater Treatment and Removal of EDCsWastewater Treatment and Removal of EDCs
Total Estrogenic Activity
Arizona Facility % Removal
Avra Valley 99.8
Roger Road 33 (>99)
Ina Road 88 (>99)
Randolph Park >99
Wildcat (Flagstaff) 96
Rio de Flag (Flagstaff) >99.6
Note: RWRD’s Roger Road and Ina Road WWTPs did not have nitrification-denitrification at the time of this study. All others were tertiary plants with nitrification-denitrification. Black and Veatch, 2004
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Dispose-A-Med ProgramDispose-A-Med ProgramThe Regional Wastewater Reclamation Department has been actively involved with education about emerging contaminants in the waste stream, and has participated in several Dispose-A-Med events in the community.
Featured Partners
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Water and Energy Sustainability CenterWater and Energy Sustainability Center
Current Partners
Improved instrumentation technology
Improved process technology
Advanced researchPilot testing
Regional WastewaterReclamation Department
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University of Arizona – Tucson, Arizona USA
“Leading Research Institution in the American Southwest”
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WEST Center
Possible PartnersPossible Partners
Regional Wastewater
Reclamation Department
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Living RiverLiving River
Multi-year study funded by EPA, RWRD and Regional Flood Control District
Partners: USGS, ADEQ, University of Arizona, Sonoran Institute, Arizona State University
Document effect of treatment process improvements through ROMP
Investigate impact on water quality, habitat, wildlife, groundwater infiltration
Study normal stream flows and stormwater events
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Living River Surface Water Sampling Program
Living River Surface Water Sampling Program
Surface water sampling since 2004
Quarterly frequencyAt least 4 locations – change
with conditions and accessAdjacent to well locations
also:
One upstream stormwater location occasionally sampled
Compliance sampling conducted at Roger Road and Ina Road WRF outfalls
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Proposed Initial Living River Water Quality Indicators
Proposed Initial Living River Water Quality Indicators
Field Parameters•Temperature•Dissolved Oxygen•Electrical Conductivity•pH
Treatment Performance Indicators•Biological Oxygen Demand•Total Suspended Solids
Microbiology•E-Coli
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Creating a New Water ResourceCreating a New Water Resource
Claire Zucker, Sustainable Environment Program Director – PAG
Pima Association of GovernmentsSustainable Environment
Arid West Stormwater…our “Other” water
• Fast flowing • Intermittent• Often channelized• Runs through streets • Picking up pollutants
Stormwater - Supporting Our Water Resources• Recharging our aquifers• Providing water to our upland riparian areas
Urban utilization Key component of water sustainability
Transforming problem water into a water resource
Kino Environmental Restoration Project• U.S. Corps of Engineers & Pima County
• Re-developed detention basins
• 141 acres, with 28 acres riparian/open water
• Currently using only stormwater but can besupplemented with effluent as needed
Stormwater/ Rainwater Catchment Options
University of ArizonaStudent initiated and installed• Harvests approximately
18,000 gallons/year
• Captures roof runoff into numerous micro basins
Streets and MediansDevelop Road Design Technical Standards• For rainwater harvesting and promoting
planting and growth of shade trees
Stormwater/Rainwater Catchment Options
CommercialTucson Commercial Water Harvesting Ordinance • 50% of outdoor water
needs met through rainwater harvesting
Oro Valley Landscape Conservation Code Residential
Stormwater/Rainwater Catchment Options
Green Living Co op‑“Barn-raising” style workshops2011:380 members32 workshops
Community Design
18 Month Pilot ProjectJanuary 2011 - June 2012• 60 participant households• 220 volunteers engaged• 1,100 volunteer-hours logged • 4.1 acre-feet water saved• 6,090 gallons cistern capacity• 6,530 gallons of earthworks capacity
Connecting the DropsLinking Urban Water Use with Local Environmental Needs• Sonoran Institute• Watershed Management Group• University of Arizona
Conserve to Enhance
Quantifying Rainwater Harvesting Conservation Potential
Winter Spring Summer
Fall Total
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
2008 Estimate of Seasonal Rainfall in the Tucson Area
Season
Rai
nfa
ll (i
n)
Rainfall is seasonalFlows are unpredictablePrimarily for offsetting landscape use
Urban Heat Island (UHI)Mitigation
Drought Preparedness Economic
Driver
Rainwater Harvesting/Low Impact DevelopmentAt the Urban Interface
Tucson Clean and BeautifulTrees for Tucson – distributed over 75,000 trees in Tucson since 1989
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 20150
1
2
3
4
5
Date
Nu
mb
er o
f E
ffo
rts
per
Yea
r
City of Tucson
Interim Watercourse Improvement Policy 1988
City of Tucson
Watercourse Amenities, Safety, And Habitat (WASH) Regulations
1991
City of Tucson
Commercial Rainwater Harvesting Ordinance 2008
Town of Oro Valley
Town of Oro Valley Landscape Conservation Code
2010
Pima County
Stormwater Detention/Retention Manual (draft)
2012
City of Tucson
City of Tucson Water Harvesting Guidance Manual
2005
Pima County
Flood Control LID Working Group 2011
ADOT Guidelines for Long-Range Planning 2011
Town of Sahuarita
Sahuarita Farms River Master Plan Report 2012
Town of Marana
Marana Parks, Recreation, Trails and Open Space Master Plan
2010
Pima County
Kino Environmental Restoration Project 2001
City of Tucson
Rainwater Harvesting at COT Ward Council Offices
2007
Pima County
Pima County Regional Optimization Master Plan (ROMP)
2007
City of Tucson
Urban Heat Island Workshops 2005
City of South Tucson
City of South Tucson Environmental Workplace Development and Job Training Program
2011
City of Tucson
Rainwater Harvesting Training through Tucson Water
2012
Government LeadershipUrban Heat Island Impacting PoliciesReview of 46 regulations, guidelines, municipal projects
Likely Scenario? Hotter Drier More of us
Urban Wildlife
Recreation
Our children’s
future
Claire ZuckerPima Association of [email protected]
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Vision: Balancing PrioritiesVision: Balancing Priorities
Research
IntegratedPlanning
Environment
Wastewater Planning
Sustainability
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