HEAD INJURIESSports Med 2

Skull Fracture

MOIBlunt trauma to head ie ball to head

S/SSever headache, nausea, skin indentationBlood in ear or noseCSF (cerebrospinal fluid) may seep from ears

and nose TX

911!!

Concussion MOI

Direct or indirect trauma to headImpulsive force transmitted to head

S/SConfusion, headache, dizziness, nausea, nystagmus,

trouble concentrating, abnormal pupil response TX

Take out of practice/game, determine LOC, watch for symptoms to worsen, assess memory

*no longer grading concussions, or classifying as simple or complex*

Intracranial Hemorrhage

MOIBlow to headMay be a slow bleed

S/SShow signs of mild headache but then has

severe head pains, dizziness, nausea, unequal pupils

TXReferral to ER

Epidural Bleeding

MOIBlow to head

S/SExtremely fast bleedingIn 10-20 min. athlete will go from fine to

having major symptoms! TX

ER, surgery

Subdural Bleeding

MOIVeins are torn that bridge the dura

matter to the braincontrecoup

S/SBleeding is slow, s/s may not appear for

many hours TX

911 after s/s appear

Intracerebral Bleeding

MOIForce trauma to brainBleeding within the brain

S/SDeterioration of neurological function

TXER, 911

Post Concussive Syndrome

MOIHappens after a head injury

S/SImpaired memory, lack of concentration,

anxiety, depression TX

May not return to play unit symptoms are gone and have been cleared by a health care provider

Second Impact Syndrome MOI

Second head injury before s/s of initial injury go away

Caused 30-40 deaths over the last decade S/S

Appear stunned, within short time athlete may collapse, dilated pupils, loss of eye movement, respiratory failure

TXPrevention

NFL concussion video

http://www.abcnews.go.com/search?searchtext=nfl+concussions&r=video