SPORT INJURIES AND BIOMECHANICS ACL RUPTURE. ANATOMY Intra capsular knee joint structure Length...
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Transcript of SPORT INJURIES AND BIOMECHANICS ACL RUPTURE. ANATOMY Intra capsular knee joint structure Length...
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SPORT INJURIES AND SPORT INJURIES AND BIOMECHANICSBIOMECHANICS
ACL RUPTURE
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ANATOMYANATOMY
Intra capsular knee joint structureLength 38mm( 25 to 41mm)Width 10mm (7 to 12mm)Made up multiple collagen fibersSurrounded by synovial membrane
envelope
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ANATOMYANATOMY
Femoral proximal attachment :postero- lateral corner of inter condylar notch
Tibial distal attachment : front and lateral of anterior tibial spine
Two bands: small anteromedial and a larger posterolateral portion
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BIOMECHANICSBIOMECHANICS
Posterolateral bulky portion is tight in extension
Anteromedial bundle is tight in flexionUltimate tensile load :2160 +/- 157 NApprox 85% resistance to anterior tibial
displasment
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Maximum laxity in 30 deg Maximum laxity in 30 deg flexionflexion
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Biomechanical characteristicsBiomechanical characteristics
ACL does not remain an isometric or constant length structure
Unsectioned ACL :2-5mm anterior translation at full extension 5-8 mm at 30 deg flexion by application 100N anterior force
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ACL ruptureACL rupture
Common and severe injury particularly in compact sports as rugby
Usual mechanism of injury knee hyperextension or external rotation in flexion
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AP instabilityAP instability
7-9 mm of increased translation (100N anterior force)
Supporting structures in ACL rupture: iliotibial band 24% medial capsule 22% lateral capsule 20% MCL 16% LCL 12%
Quadriceps and hamstrings in a certain degree alsoBaratta et al 1988
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Moment vs. time. Examples of quadriceps avoidanceDevita et all 1998 Timony et all 1993
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Matt Gaudet 2000Matt Gaudet 2000
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Load deformation curveLoad deformation curve
Deformation
Load
Elastic Region
Plastic Region
Yield Point Ultimate
Failure
Point
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