Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on

Topic: Ch. 7 Skeletal System: Major Bones of the Body

Essential Question:

1.On Page 84 draw and Label the parts of the 1.The Thoracic

Cage

2.Pectoral Girdle

3.Upper Limb

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

1. Draw and Label the parts of the 1. The Thoracic Cage2. Pectoral Girdle3. Upper Limb

Ch. 7 Skeletal System: Major Bones of the Body

2

Thoracic Cage

Composed of:•Ribs• Sternum• Thoracic vertebrae• Costal cartilages

•Function:• Supports shoulder girdleand upper limbs•Role in breathing

3

Ribs

• Usually 24 ribs• True ribs (7 pairs)• Join the sternum

directly• False ribs (3 pairs)• Do not attach to

sternum directly• Floating ribs (2

pair)• No attachment

to sternum

4

Rib Structure

• Shaft• Head – posterior end; articulates with vertebrae• Tubercle – articulates with vertebrae• Costal cartilage – hyaline cartilage

5

Sternum

• Manubrium• Body• Xiphoid process

• Aka breastbone• Located anteriorly at

the midline

6

Pectoral Girdle

Consists of:• clavicles• scapulae

Function:• supports upper limbs

aka shoulder girdle

7

Clavicles

• Aka collar bone

• Slender, rod like bones• Located at base of neck• Run horizontally

between the sternum and the scapulae

8

Scapula• Aka Shoulder blade

• Broad, triangular bones• Located on both sides of

upper back

9

Upper Limb

Consists of:•Humerus• Radius• Ulna• Carpals• Metacarpals• Phalanges

Function:• Attach to muscles to

move limb parts

10

Humerus

• head• greater tubercle• lesser tubercle• anatomical neck• surgical neck• deltoid tuberosity• capitulum• trochlea• coronoid fossa• olecranon fossa

• Long bone • Extends from scapula to

the elbow• Moves upper limb at

shoulder

11

Radius

• Located on the thumb side

• Shorter than ulna• Extends from

elbow to wrist• Crosses over ulna

when the hand is turned

• Allows the radius to rotate

12

Ulna

• Aka elbow bone• Longer than

radius• Overlaps the

humerus• Allows your

arm to bend at the elbow

13

Wrist and Hand• Made up of wrist, palm,

and fingers• Wrist• Carpal bones• Two rows, with 4 bones

each• Palm• Metacarpals• Ends are your

knuckles• Thumb side most

freely movable• Fingers• Phalanges

14

Thoracic Cage

SternumTrue Ribs

False Ribs

15

Pectoral Girdle

16

Upper Limb

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

CarpalsMetacarpalsPhalanges

Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on

Topic: Ch. 7 Skeletal System: Major Bones of the Body

Essential Question:

1.On Page 88 draw and Label the parts of the 1.The Pelvic Girdle

2.Lower Limb

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

1. On Page 88 draw and Label the parts of the 1. The Pelvic Girdle2. Lower Limb

Ch. 7 Skeletal System: Major Bones of the Body

18

Pelvic Girdle

Consists of:•Coxae (2)

Function:• supports trunk of body•Provides attachments for lower limbs•Protects bladder, reproductive organs, part of lg. intestine• body’s weight is transmitted through the pelvic girdle to the lower limbs then onto the ground

19

Coxae

• Aka hip bone

•Ilium• Largest part• Forms “hip”

•Ischium• Supports the weight of

the body while sitting

•pubis• anterior portion• Two pubic bones come

together at the midline• Form pubic arch

20

Pubic arch

21

Greater and Lesser Pelves

Greater Pelvis• lumbar vertebrae

posteriorly• iliac bones laterally• abdominal wall

anteriorly

Lesser Pelvis• sacrum and coccyx

posteriorly• lower ilium, ischium, and

pubis bones laterally and anteriorly

22

Male and Female Pelves

Female• iliac bones more flared• broader hips• pubic arch angle greater• more distance between

ischial spines and ischial tuberosities

• sacral curvature shorter and flatter

• lighter bones

23

Lower Limb

Consists of:•Femur• Patella• Tibia• Fibula• Tarsals• Metatarsals• Phalanges

24

Femur

• aka thigh bone•Longest bone of body•Extends from the hip to the knee

25

Patella

• aka kneecap• Located on anterior surface of knee•Allows lower limb movements

26

Tibia

• Aka shin bone•Larger of the two leg bones•Located on medial side•Enters into knee joint

27

Fibula

• Lateral to tibia• Long, slender• Does not bear any body weight

28

Ankle and Foot• Made up of ankle, the instep, and the toes

•Ankle•Tarsals

• Calcaneus aka heel bone• Supports body weight

•Instep•Metatarsals

• Form ball of foot and arch• Provide stable, springy

base for body•Toes•Phalanges

• Shorter than fingers

29

Ankle and Foot

30

Pubic arch

PelvicGirdle

31

Femur

Patella

Fibula

Tibia

MetatarsalsTarsals

Phalanges

Lower Limb