SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Why choose spiral staircases 56 - 57Standard staircase 58Right / left turning staircase 58Protective cage 58Weland detail standards 60 - 61Indoor staircases 64 - 66Special staircases 67Helical staircases 67Custom design 68Delivery 68Site fixing 68How to order 69

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Space savingConsider a staircase with a height of 3 meters which goes from an exit door down to ground level.Straight staircase, width 900 mm. At the up-permost level a standard landing of 1000 mm is required. A staircaseallowing a correct posture for climbing of 40°, needs an overhan of 3.57 m + the landing of 1 m = 4.57 meters.A Spiral staircase with a radius of 900 mm. At the uppermost level a landing sized 950 x 950 mm. The spiralstaircase is position ed with a center 950 mm from the wall and as such requires a well space of Ø. 1900 mm.

Architecturally pleasingStraight staircases are in many cases, regarded as heavy,clumsy and dominating in the erected position. Spiral stair-cases are considerably more slender and are not domina-ting in the same way. In many cases they melt in with sur-rounding environment as a part of the facade.

4570

1000

H=

3000

50Ø 1800

Escape/RescueSince spiral staircases are comfortable to descend anevacuation can be carried out quickly. Even rescue on astretcher can be conducted comfortable.

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WHY CHOOSE A SPIRAL STAIRCASE?A spiral staircase is, in the vast majority of cases a very practical solution of a staircase problem. Below we showa comparison between a spiral staircase and a straight staircase so as to highlight the advantages and disad-vantages of the two types.

SecureIf when descending a high straight staircase, a personlooses balance, he or she will fall forward.... in this situ-ation there is nothing to grap hold of, or anything toprevent the fall. If a person looses balance on a spiralstaircase and falls forward, the fall will be directedagainst the bannisters which will check it, giving theperson a chance to grap a railing or the center post.

Easy to assembleSpiral staircase consists of easily handledparts which are screwed together. The onlytools needed are a drill, a spanner (eitherfixed or ratchet) and a socket head.Please note, that no welding is necessary during assebly. Clear assembly instruc-tions are included with every delivery.

Can beconstructed to great heightStraight staircases can be very complicated. Spiralstaircases can be built very high, without any extrasupports, assuming that bracing can be carried outagainst the wall. Bracing can be achieved either by step-ping off landings or special support angles constructedevery revolution. If there is no adjacent wall, bracing canbe carried out with longitudinal support legs positionedoutside the staircase diameter.

FlexibleAs a rule the space for a staircase is limited and stepon/step off points are stated. This means that straightstaircases can be very steep or alternate in severalflights which in turn means that they can be complexand expansive.

Spiral staircases need the same small base area irres-pective of how high they are. They can be manufacturedeither left or right turning and have different number ofsteps per revolution. This means that in the main anefficient staircase can be achieved.

Straight staircase seenfrom above

Spiral staircase seenfrom above

Lighter designA straight staircase ofseveral flights needs a com-prehensive construction to beable to support the landings. A spiral staircase on the otherhand normally demands no ex-tra load carrying framing, aslong as the landings are notexcessively large.

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Radius Tread depth SuitableSteps/rev at walking line step height

600/14 156 190-220600/15 146 190-220600/16 137 190-220700/14 200 190-215700/15 187 190-220700/16 176 190-220700/18 156 190-220800/15 229 175-210800/16 215 180-210800/18 191 190-220800/20 172 190-220900/15 270 175-190900/16 254 175-200900/18 226 175-200900/20 203 180-210900/22 185 180-210900/24 170 190-2201000/15 312 175-1901000/16 293 165-1851000/18 260 170-2001000/20 235 175-2001000/22 213 180-2101000/24 196 180-2101100/16 332 165-1801100/18 295 165-1801100/20 266 165-1901100/22 242 170-2001100/24 222 170-2001200/16 371 165-1901200/18 330 155-1901200/20 297 155-1901200/22 270 160-2001200/24 248 170-2101300/18 365 155-1801300/20 329 155-1801300/22 299 155-1901300/24 274 155-2001400/18 399 150-1801400/20 360 150-1801400/22 327 155-1901400/24 300 155-1901400/26 277 155-2001500/22 356 150-1801500/24 326 150-1801500/26 301 155-1901500/28 280 155-200

Standard StaircasesWhen designing the layout of a spiral staircase considera-tion must be given to the staircase radius, the stair treadheight and the number of stair treads per revolution. Thetable on the right and the figures below depict Welands´standard dimension principles.

14 Steps/Revolution

15 Steps/Revolution

16 Steps/Revolution

18 Steps/Revolution

20 Steps/Revolution

22 Steps/Revolution

24 Steps/Revolution

26 Steps/Revolution

Right/left turningWeland spiral staircases are manufactured either rightor left turning according to customers requirements.We define a right turning staircase as one that turnsto the right when climbing.

Right turning Left turning

Protective cageSo as to prevent unauthorized persons from entering a spiral staircase wecan offer as an option a cage built in at the lowest level. The cage is openedwith a key from the outside and without a key from the inside.

* Tread depth is calculatedin a considered walk line250 mm from the perip-hery.

250

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Escape staircase with protective cage,balustrade with intermediate rail.

To the right, a spiral staircase with landingson both sides of the central newel post.Note! that the bracing is positioned bet-ween ground level and the first floor.

Spiral staircase mounted on supportingbracket.

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WELAND STANDARD

Railing loading

Stair treadloading

Clearance to wall

Hand rail joint Step height

Inner Handrail

Railing height Child safety

By child safety we mean that no openingwithin the staircase is allowed to be largerthan 100 mm under 800 mm railing height.

Our standard rail has a Ø.42 mm.The steps are designed for a distributedload of 4,0 kN/m2 or spot load (100 x100 mm) of 3.0 kN.

The spiral staircase outer circumferencemust be at least 50 mm from the wall.

Weland hand rails of tube are joinedwith the help of an inner connector.

Weland spiral staircases can be supplemen-ted with inner hand rails fitted to the newelpost and extra hand rails on the balusters.

Fixing of the base plate

Fixing of landings

Expansion bolts included in the deliveryare only to be used with concrete.

Expansion bolts included in the deliveryare only to be used with concrete.

The stepheight should be sized between 160 and 220mm according to the formula 2hxB= 580-640.

0,8 kN/m

The hand rail is designed to withstanda load of 0.8 kN/m of rail.

The railing height is 1100 mm from theforward edge of the step. Extra hand-rails can be supplied at optional height.

1100

mm

varie

s to

sui

t max. 100 mm

max. 100 mm

Ø 4

2 m

m

4,0 kN/m2

3,0 kN

100

100

R +

50

mm50 m

m

Headroom

The headroom underthe rear edge of thelanding must be atleast 2000 mm.

Hea

d he

ight

min

. 200

0

h

B

inside handrail

extra handrail

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Hand rail dimensions

Hot DipGalvanizing

Platforms

Balustrading Balustrading Balustrading

Balustrading Balustrading Balustrading

Platforms Platforms

Standard square platforms for cornersor stair well.

Grating infill panels Tubular infill panels Childproof railing with balusters

Toughened glass 1, 2, 3 or 4 intermediate rails Without knee rails

90° Platform with a radius suitable forfixing to circular stair wells.

”Tread Platform” for fixing to an existingstair well edge.

Weland spiral staircases are as standardhot dip galvanized in accordance withEN 1461.

Staying/bracing

The spiral staircase must be braced every re-volution, with either a landing or with spe-cial stays. Expansion bolts included in thedelivery are only to be used with concrete.

Welands spiral staircases are approvedin compliance with fire class R 30.

Type approval withSwedish Fire Class R30

WELAND STANDARDS

tair

Rad

ius

+ 5

0 m

m

Sta

ir R

adiu

s +

50

mm

100 mm

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Spiral staircases can be constructed very high with-out supporting structure.

A spiral staircase designed as lobby staircase is attractive,safe simple, comfortable and space saving.

Outdoor spiral staircases can be finis-hed painted in desired colours inaddition to hot-dip galvanizing. Thismakes for decorative staircases withthe best possible rust protection.

Spiral staircases with a radius larger than 1200 mm are fitted with double flatbar stringers on the outside of the step. Pleasenote the inside handrail and the extra handrail. Spiral staircases blend in well in their

surroundings.62

An indoors staircase with treads covered with ceramic tiles. Balustrade„childsafe“ with balusters of rounds on 100 mm c/c and extra handrail.Inside handrail on the newel post. Balustrade on landing correspon-ding to staircase.

To the right a spiral staircase elegantly connecting roof terrace andgarden.

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Weland indoor staircasesThe Weland design can be produced in materials other than steel. Below we show a few different examples of treadmaterial. We can complement the tread material with different handrail materials. Please call if you have specialrequirements for these materials or for materials not shown here.

Weland spiral staircase standard handrail is made from steel tube 42 mm dia. Brass & stainless tube is also available.Steel flat bar and wood handrails in different types on special order.

TubeSteel tube 42 mm dia. with choiceof surface finish. Brass orStainless steel.

Round woodRound handrail of solid wood. Achoice of wood types are available.

Rectangular woodRectangular handrail of woodlaminate or solid wood.

Grating Chequer Plate Plate with Carpet Oak (Other woodtypes available)

Concrete Marble (Other stone Terrazzo (concrete) Ceramic tiletypes available)

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EXAMPLES OF INTERIOR DOMESTIC STAIRCASES

Treads of marble and handrailing of 42 mm diameter tube.The staircase has an extra handrail on the balusters andan inner handrail on the newel post. The handrailing isof treated brass and all other components are paint finish.

The Staircase has treads of solid Beech. Rectangularwood handrail. All steel components are paint finish.

Treads of solid Oak. Circular wood handrails of solidOak. The handrailing has hardened glass infill panelsand all steel component parts are paint finish.

Staircase with concrete treads and handrailing of 42 mmdiameter tube. The handrail has two extra ”Knee Rails”.All steel parts are paint finish. For exterior use the steelcomponent parts are hot dip galvanized and painted.

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Spiral staircases and Combi staircases can be manufactured with treads or stringers that follow the wall profile.Treads, handrailing and surface finish the same as other spiral staircases. These staircases can also be manufacturedwith more than one newel post.

Helical staircases with stringers are available on special order with treads and handrailing in the same styles and combi-nation, as spiral staircases. The staircases can be free standing or follow the inside or the outside of the silo. Radius,treads width and other data are according to customer requirements.

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SPECIAL SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Every spiral staircase is individually drawn and thedrawing is sent to the customer for approval beforemanufacturing commences.

DELIVERYAll components are delivered in one wooden crate. This provides extra security for both us and our customers. Whenthe crate arrives at its destination undamaged, we then know the contents are sound, and the fitter can carry outhis delivery check with the enclosed packing list.

DESIGNOur design office is at your service to help withdimensioning, drawing and designing your spiralstaircase.Fill in the ‘ordering’ information on page 69 or sendus your building drawings and we will ensure thatyou get a correctly functioning spiral staircase.

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SITE FIXINGSite fixing is carried out using hand tools. Detailed fixinginstructions are included with every delivery. A Welandspiral staircase can also be assembled on the groundand lifted into place where necessary.

ORDERING INFORMATION

❑ Grating❑ Durbar plate❑ Steel plate with carpet❑ Wood❑

❑ Steel tube Ø.42 mm❑ Tube❑ Rounded wood❑ Rectangular wood❑ Flat bar

❑ Not child safety❑ Child safety trellis panel❑ Curved tubes❑ Toughened glass❑

❑ Hot dip galvanized❑ Primer painted❑ Painted finish❑

R =

❑ Grating❑ Durbar plate❑ Steel plate with carpet❑ Wood❑

❑ Steel tube Ø.42 mm❑ Tube❑ Rounded wood❑ Rectangular wood❑ Flat bar

❑ Not child safety❑ Child safety trellis panel❑ Curved tubes❑ Toughened glass❑

❑ Hot dip galvanized❑ Primer painted❑ Painted finish❑

R =

Stair tread materials

Hand rails

Balustrade panels

Surface finish

The staircase radiusRadius 600, 700, 800.....1500 mmRadius 900 for fire escapes and in-door staircases.Radius 1200 for assembly halls holding 150 people.

For each floor state the following:

Storey height floor to floor

Lower level• Walls, doors, windows. Positions with

measurements.• Staircase well size.• Doors marked with sizes and opening angles.

Upper level• Walls, doors and windows. Positions with

measurements.• Staircase well size.• Doors to be marked with size and opening

angles.

Stair well railing

H =

3

6

12

9

3

6

12

9

3

6

12

9

3

6

12

9

3

6

12

93

6

12

9

Leave the design of the staircase to Weland. If we receive the above information you will receive a correctlyfunctioning staircase.

H =

Example

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