OFFICE OF TIlE VICE PRESIDENT'S PRESS SECRETARY

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEl\SE l\uC)'ust, 1979

. BE~JING, Aug~st 27--~ollowing is the text of a speech prepared .for de11very by V17e Pres1dent Walter F. Mondale at Beijing University . The speech was de11vered at 3:40 p.m. local Beijing time.

"i AM· H 0 ~ 0 ~ c: 1) T a A P P E: A R 9 E FOR! YOU ~ AND ' I B ~ I l~ G YOU TH! ~ARM GRf~T! ~ ~S AND .THE FRIENDSHIP ' of THE PRE~IDENT 0' THE U~ITEO 5TAT~R lNO THE A~ERICAN PEOP~E.

,OR AN AME~!CA~ OF My GENERATIO~ TO VISIT TH~ : PEOP~E(S R!PUS~IC 0' CHIN1 IS To TOUCH THE PU~S~ OF MODERN PO~ITICA~ ' ~18TO~Y. fOR N~A~~Y TH~EE CECAOE~ OUR NATIO~S STOOO SgPARAT! AND APART. SUT T~~ A~CIENT ' ~UNGER FOR COMMUNITY UNITES HUMANiTY~ , %T UR~Ea US ?JO ~INO COMMON GROUN~. . .

AS ON~ OF YOUR POETS WROTE OVER A THOUSAN~ YEARS AGO, IW! WIOEN OUR VI~W THR!E HUNDRED MI~ES BY ASCENDING ON! YL1GHT' or STAIRS." ~E ARE ASCENOING THAT F~IGHT OF STAIRS TOG'THER. '

EACH DAY WE TAKE ANOTHER ST!P~ THIS A'TERNOON, X AM PR X V I l. E G EDT 0 a E T H : FIR ST ' AM E RIC A N POl. I TIC ~ ~ FIG U RET 0 apEAK CI~eCr~Y TO THE CITIZENS 0' TH! PEOP~~IS , R~PUBl.IC · DF CHXNA. .

ANO NO ' !ETT1~G FOR THAT' SPEECH COULD SE MORE SYMBOLic DF OU~ R!l.ATIO~!HIP THAN THIS PLACE OF NEW a~GINNINGS. TM! HISTC~Y OF MOOE~~ CHI~A IS CRYSTALLIZEn IN TH~ STORY O~ BEIJING UNIVERSITY ANQ THE OTHER , OISTINGUISHE~INSTITUTIONS

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YOU R!P~ESE~T. ~T VI~TUALl.Y ey!RY TUR~ING FaINT tN,22Tk CeNT~RY · CHINA, eEI~OA HA! ~~EN TH~ FULCRUM. .

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SIXTy YEkRS A~O, IT wAS AT BEI-OA THAT THE MAY 4TH , ~OVEME~T a~G.N, LA~NC~ING AN ERA OF U~?RECEOE~TED INTEl.LECTUiL.

Fe: p. j1j c: :~ T. I T H.: AU:; L.J ~ ~ T ~ 0 MJ E F FOR T TOM ODE ~ ~! I Z g CHI t\ :: ~ e: C I ! L. T U ; e; ANO S~CIETY. IT ESTAe~ISHEO A NEW MEETINGGROUNO FOR eASTERN AND WE!TER~ CUl.TU~~S. AND ITS FRA~EWOR~ OF ~UTUA~ RESP!CT SUSTAINS OUR O'~N C!H.TU~A~ ::CO?r.R'~ T!O',l TODAY.

~CRTY-FOU~ YE4RS AGO, a~I.DA WAS ~HERE TM! DECE~3ER . gTH MOV~M!~T ~A~~A~IZ!' A STUD!NT G~NEqATION TO RESIST EXTER~AL '

~ A~GRESSI~N~ ANn IT1 M~SSAGE OF SOVER~IGNTY ANO NONA~GR~SSION UNDE~PINa OUR n~N ~OLITICA~ caCPERATla~ TODAY.

AS CHINA l.OC~~ TO TH~ FUTURE, O~C! AGAIN IT ' IS BEI~DA AND YOUR OTn~~ R~8~A~CH CENTERS WnICH ARE L~ACING THE DRIV!

; TOWAkO "THE 'OUR MOQERNIZATION3." AN~ TH~ C~OSENESS OF YOUR DEVE~OPMgNT GOAl.5 TO OUR OWN %NTEReSTS WI~L PROVIDE THE BASI8

: . FOR :l U R C O!-! TIN U It.! Q E C 0 tIJ 0 M % C CO Cl P e: RAT ION. . . . . TOO A y, ;:::. F I ~ n 0 U R TWO NAT ION SAT At P I V 0 T A ~ MOM! NT.

i ~ W! HAVE NORMA~IZF.O OUR R~~AT!O~S. THE CURTAIN HAS PARTEO, ~ TH! MYST!RY IS 3EING O%SPEl.~E1. WE ARE EAGER TO ~NCW MOR!· .. ! ABOUT' ON~ ANOTHE~, TO SHARE THE TE)(TU~! OF . OUR OAILY I.XV!8, i TO rO~GE THE HUMAN 30NOS OF F~IENDSHIP~ ' . ,'\ THAi IS A inCH BEGINNING. aUT IT' IS ON~Y A e!GINNXNG. 1 A MOO~RN CHINA TAKING ITS Pl.ACE IN THE PAMIl.Y OF NAT10N~ ~ %8 ENa~G~O IN A ~EA~CH NOT ON~V ~CR FRIENOSHIP, SUT Al.SO i ~OR SECURITY A~~ O~VELOPMENT~ AN AMERICA CEPENIN~ ITS Rel.ATI~NS i WXTH CHINA !JOE! so NOT .. ONl. Y OUT ' OF G~NUINE: SENTIMENT, AND

.... ~~ NOT ' CNL Y OUT 0" ~ATUR Al. CUR I as ITY. IT ' I)OES SO OUT OF TH! . . ~ : 8AIi1E ccr.aINATION OF P~INCIP~E AND SfLF-:NT::REST' THAT ' IS 'TH! .: ; ENGINE OF MATU~E RE~ATIONS AMONG Al.L MOOERN STATES • . ~ , OUR Joa TODAY IS TO ESTA9l.ISH THE oASIS FO~ AN eNDURING

RELATIONSHIP TO~ORqU~. ~~ COUl.D NOT ' HAV~ S~T THAT TASK I WITHOUT OUR F~IENDSHIP~ aUT WE CANNOT ACCOMPI.ISH IT WITH

'j fRIENDSHIP A~O~E~ ON BEHALF 0' p~E5IOe:NT ' CARTl!:R, THIS I! TH! ME!SAGe: %

l CARRY ' TO THE PEOP~E OF CHINA . ' A M~SSAGE A90UT AMERICA, n ITe PURPOSES IN TH:! WQRL.O, AND QUR HOPES FOR CUR REL.ATIONS 'I WITH you. ' ., . . , THE A~ERICA~S AR! HISTORICAl.LY cc~~%O~NT ' PEOPL!. OUR :4 POLIT!C~ ARE ~OCTC!" IN OU~ VA~UES. WE CHERISI1 OUR I"UNOAMENTAL' · BEl.I(F3 IN riUM~N RI~HTS, A~D COMPA~SIa ~ , ANO S~CIAl. JUSTIC~.

~~ WEt: t:: ~ I ~ VET HAT ~ U ~ u E Moe RAT I C 5 Y S T :: ~l 'I ~ B i I T UTI a N A LIZ EST H 0 S ,. ~ VALU~S~ TH! OPPC~TUNITI~S AVAI~ABLE TO OUR CITIZ~NS A~~

'11Nca~?ARA3l.C:' ou~ nfBAT~S ARE VIGOROIJS AND OPEN. AND THZ . :. DI~f~R~NCES ~E AIR AMONG OUR5E~VE8 " WHETHER O~ STRAT~GIC : • NUCL.t::A~ POLICY O~ n~ c!N~RGY. ' ARE SIGNS OF OUR SOCIETY IS , '. ' ~NOURING aT~ENGTH. "

',' t.I Y ~!I U N-" ~ ! _L ~ 8 Be: 0 % UN e U R PAS 5 EON AT U R A L Res 0 U R C l! ~ •

- - - . .. . -AR! raeaSU~ES O~ ~U~ ~~TIONA~ 8~IRIT. I~ THAT 9TRIVIN~, IN ~HAT q!aT~ESS PUR!l!IT O~ A BETTER LIFE" ~E FEeL A SPEClAL ~F~lNITY FOR TH~ P~OP~E OF ~O~ERN CHINA.

IS THE ~OR~O c:MMUNITY, . THE UNITE~ STATES SEEKS INT~R~ ~ATluNAL STA3ILITY AN~ P~ACE. puT WE HAVE NO ILLUSIONS A~OUT THE 09STACLE! ~~ ~\CE. ~E KNO~ THAT ~a LIVr. IN A OANGaROUS -O~~D~ ANO ~E ~~! n~T~RMINEO TO REMAIN MILITARILY ~RE?A~EJ~

• 7 E .AHE FASHiONING nUR nEFENSES FROM THE MOST ADVANCED TECHNO~OG~ ' : NYWH!~!. WE HAV~ FORGEO . A~L!ANCES IN EURJPE AND ASIA WHICH ~RO~ STRON~~~ !V~~V Y~AR. TCGET~ER WITH CUR JAPANESE ANO

fSTERN A~LI~a, ~E ~I~L ENSURE THAT OUR INVESTMENT IN SECURI~~ ,18 ,e:QUAL ' ~TO TH! TA~I( OF ENSURING PEACe:.- AS we: HAVE FOR THIRTY Y!ARS~ ..

aUT W~ WA~T Tn BE MOR! THAN A FIRM AND RELIABLE PARTNER ~N ~DRLO AFFAIRS~ WE A~SO 8E~IEVE IN A WORLD OF OIV~RSITY.

~OR 8I~O-AM!RICAN RELATIONS, THAT MeA~S THAT WE RESPECT 1M! DlSTI~CTIVE QUA~ITIES WHICH TH! GREAT CHINES! PEOP~~ CO~THI9UT! TO OU~ ~E~ATION5HIP. AN~ OESPITE THE SOMETIME! 'RDFCUN~ CIF'E~ENC~S c~TWEEN OUR TWO SYSTEMS, WE ARE COMMITT~O TO JOI~lN3 ~ITH YOU TO AOVANCE OUR MANY PARA~L~L STRATEGIC . , NO SIl.ATERAL INTE~EST!. . . .

THUS ANY NATION ~HICH SEeKS TO WEAKEN OR ISOLAT! YOU IN WO~LO AF~AIRS · A~SUMES A STANCE COUNTER TO AM2RICAN INTEREirs. , 7HIa 'IS WHY THE UNITEO STAT~S NORMALIZ~~ RELATIO~S WITH 'OUR COUNTRY, ~N" THAT IS WHY WZ MUST ~iORI<' TO BROADEN AND :!T~ENGT~EN OUR NE~ FRIENDSHIP~

WE MUST PR~S3 FORWARD NOW TO WID!N AND GIVE SPECIFICITY' 'ro OUR RELATIONS~ THE FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENG~S we FAC~ ARE , to BUILD CONCRETE PuLITICAL TIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MUTUAL ' SECURITY~.~TO ESTA~~lSH BROAD CU~TURA~ ' RELATIONS IN A FRAMEWnRK DF GENUIN! EQUALITY.~.A~O TO FORG! PRACTICA~ ECONOMIC BONOS

w Th' T~ " ~OAL "'co cr, ·I./I,O" I:I;::""'FIT fI% .riC. ~ 1;. 1. I .i,~ I,,! -, _,,,i:t • ~s ~E OIV~ ~u~eTANCE TO OU~ SHA~e~ I~TER~ST!, ~! A~E

' INVZSit~r. 1,.1 T''';:: F"TU~:: OF OUR R!L.J..T!j \ Sri!? THe;: MCti~ EFFECTiVE!.Y we ADVA~CE ou~ A~~NOA, THE MO~E SO~D~ ~a ~UILO e~T~EeN US . - TH~ MORE CONFIO~~T ~! CAN BE THAT OUR R~LATIONSHXP WI~~ !NOU~E~ . .

A~O SO WHAT A! ACCOMP~ISH TOOAY LAYS THE GROUNDWORK FOR 'TH! OECA~E AHEA)~ T~E 1ge~'S CAN FINO US ~O~KING TOG!TH~R •. ANO WORKING ~ITH eTMeR NATIONS - . TO MEET wO~L.O P~03~EMS. !N~ICH!~a Tn! ~L.r.~~~ Er.ONOMY, CONTAI~I~3 INT~R~ATIONAL CONFl-iCTS, PROT~CTIN~ TH~ I~DEPENO!NCE OF NATIO~S~ TrlESE GOAL.S MUST ., AI-SO SE PU~SUE~ ~~~~ T~~ P~R~?ECTIV~ OF OJ~ SILATaRA~ RELATInNSHIP.

~TH! OE:PER THE 1~~~T~O~S~%P, THE MORE SUCCESSFUL THAT WORLe-WIDE PU~SUIT ~IL.L ~f.

THAT IS TH: A~~NOA PRESIO~NT CA~TER nAS ~SKEO ME TO ·tD~E TO TH~ p~npL~is ~~PU9L.IC OF CHINA TO PuRSUE. THAT 18 'TH! '~!NCIPA~ ME~SA~E pRESICENT CART!R riAS AS~ED M! TO . ~RIN~ TO you. IT I~ TME AGENDA WE SHAR~ FOR THE FUTURE.

IN THE ~IGHT W.ONTHS SINCE NOR~ALIZATION, ~~ HAVE wrTNES~~O THE RAPID EXPA~S!O~ OF. SINO.AMERICAN R~LATIONS.

W! HAVE R~~C~~O A SETTLEME~T ON CLAIMS/AS~~TS ANO SIGNER 'THE TRAOE A~~EEM~~T. T~AOE BETWEEN OU~ COUNTRXE3 IS ~XPAND%N~. AMERICAN OI~ COMPA~IES AR~ H~~PING YOU EXPLO~~ CHINA'S OFF-SHOR~ OI~ ~ESE~V~S~ JOINT COMMISSIONS Q~ SINO.AME~ICAN ECONO~XC RE~ATIO~~ ANO ON SCI!~TIFIC ANO T~CHNICAL EXCHANGE HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHE~. WE ~AVa EXCHA~GEO NUMEROUS GOVERNMENTAL DE~!GAT;ONS, tNC~UD!NG THE VI~ITS OF MANY HEAOS OF OuR RES?ECTIVE MINISTRiES AND DEPARTM~NTS~ A~O THE F~OW O~ PEOPLe BETWESN OUR TWO -COUNT~IE8 IS REACHING NEW HEIGHTS.

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WE ~AV~ GAI~EO A COOPERATIVE ' MOMENTUM~ TOGETHER . ~ET U8 8USTAIN AND eTR~NGTHEN IT.

FOR A STRn~~ AND SECURE AND MODERNIZING CHINA xe A~SO !I~ THE AMERICAN INTEREST IN THE OECADE AHEAO.

I~ AGRICULTUR~, YOUR CO~T!NUED ~EVE~O?MENT ~aT ONLY , ~RnVI~ES A a~TT~~ LIFE FOR TH! CHINESE PEO?L~. IT ALSO S~RVE8 mUR INTERESTS • ~o~ YOUR GAINS IN AGRICULTUR, Wl~~ INCREASE L.IMITEO ~JORL;) Fono SUPPL.IES. .

. IN TRADE, OUR INTERESTS ARE SERVEO BY YOUR eX-PAN01NG :E:XPORTS OF NATUfUL RESOURCES AND INDUSTR!AL P~ODUCTS. AND ,Al THE SAM! TI!':.e - Y~UR INT::REST~ AR:! S~RVEO av THe: PURCHASES ~ou CAN FINANC~ TriQQUGH THOSE eXPORTS.

Ae YOU I~DU~T~IA~IZE, YOU PROVIDE A HIGH,R STANDARD . ". a, L I V I N G FOR Y 0 LI R P E iJ P L. E • AND AT ' T H F. SAM E TIM E 0 URI NT ERE S T ft . : ,Ai! S!RVEO . ' FnR T~ I S W IL.1. I PKREASE THE FLOw OF TRADe, NARROw

TtiE WEALTH GAP B~T ''''EEN THE DEVEI.CPED ANO TH~ OEVELOPING -'WQRL.O, AND rHUS HeLP AU.EVIATE A MAJOR , SOURCE Or G~OeAI. ,1.NSTABI1.ITY. '" .

i" ABOVE ALL, 30TH OUR POLlf%CAL INT!RESTS ARE SERVED BY' b 'OUR GROWING STRENGTH IN ALI. FIELOS • FOR IT HE~PS . O!TER . ~

~~£.t< S ;~ ~ ~ ~ I G ~ T ~ ., ~ I< TO I ~ P 0 SET H e: !~ S :: L. V E 5 0 ~ YOU. f " F 0 ~ T S I ,\, T Ii ~ 1 ~ 2 ~ S A j\j ~ 3 ~ 5 TO" ~ ~ PC;' I ~ :. ;,/ ~ A K j c:: 5 T A ~ I 1'1 ZED

4TH! £NTIRe; ~ORLQ~ FOR MANY 'tEAqS, CHINA WAS A FLAS;; POINT of ~"~AT '

PG~ER CO~P~TtTIO~'. · eUT A CONFIDENT C~I~A CAN CONTRI9UT~ TO T.tIE ~ A I ~ T E 'J A~' C E ,., F PEA eEl NTH ERE G I 0 jo,J ~ Toe A Y, THE U N PRE C E.

\~£t.lTEo A~~ O FRIF.N~LV RELATIONS AMONG CM!NA, JAPAN, AND THE '_IT::O STAT::S e~INl1 INTERNATIONAL STABILITY TO NORTHeAST _!A.

, THAT IS WHY O~EPENING OUR ECO~OMIC, CULTURAL, AND PCL%TiCA~ ; ~1£LATlnNa ls l sn ~T~ATEGICALLY IMPORT~NT • NOT ONI.Y FOR YOUR .. • £tURITY, SUT FO~ THE P;ACE OF THE WOR~O COMMUNITY~

. W! ARE TAKING CRUCIAL . STEPS TO AOVANCE OUR !CONOMIC ' I!LATION8HIP~ ' -

_. FIRST, 3EFO~E THE END OF THE YEAR" PRESIDENT ' CARTER . -ILL SU6MtT "OR THE APPROVAL OF TH~ U.S. CONG~ESS THE TRACE .;R~!M!~T ~E R~ACHEO WITH YOU, THIS AGR~EMENT ' WIL~ EXT2NO ~~nST· FAVORED NATION" TREATMENT 'TO CHI~A~ AND ITS SUBMISSION ~I ~OT 1.INKED TO ANY OTHER ISSUE~

SECONO, I WII.L Sf 513NING AN AGREEM~NT ON OEVELOPMENT ' I ~Dl HYOROEI..::CTR I C ENERiiY I N THE PEOPI.! is REPU9LIC OF CH I NA. I,u.s. GOVERN~ENT AGENCIES ARE NOW READY TO HELP OEVELOP CHINA'S

:', aY;ORDEL.ECTRIC PC'~ ER ON A COMPENSATORY BASIS. :' TM IRe, THE U. ~, I S PREPARED T':l !STA8L I SH !XPORT·IMP~RT ... -'I lANK CREDIT ARRANG!MEN1 S FOR THE PRe ON A CAS~·3Y.CASE SASIS.

Gp TO A TOTAL OF S~ 8I~LION OVER A FIVE-YEAR PE"IOD. IF THE 'J 'ACE OF Deve:Lc!~Mr:.NT WARRANTS :rr, WE ARe: PREPARED TO CONSIO!R i ADDITIONAL CREO~T ' ARRANGEMENTS. WE HAV! BEGUN DISCUSSIONS ! TOWARO THIS END. . . : FOURTH, THE CARTER ADMINISTRATION THIS YEAR WIL~ SEEK : -CON G R E ~ S ION A L AUT H 0 ~ I T Y TOE NCO U RAG E AM E RIC A N au SIN E SSE S TO i t VEST IN CHINA ~ . ~y PROVIDING THE GUARANT~ES ANO INSURANC! :10' ,THE OVERSf:~S PRIVATE INVESTr-«ENT COR?ORATION, I WE AI.SO STA~O REAOY TO WORK WITH THE CrlINESE GOVERNMENT ' :hra RfACH TEXTI~E. ~ARIT%M!, AND CIVIL. ' AV%ATION AGREEMENTS :----- .. -I~ lH~ sr.J~T!ST P ~ ~ ~ IoL: TIME.

, AS ~E AOVA~CE OUR ,CUL.TURAI. RELATIONS~IP, U~IVE~SITI~S ;MIt.-1. A tU I N B! A C rW C x A l. M ~ E T I ~ G· G R 0 U !I.! 0 d E T ~' ;:: E ~ CHI N ::: S c: A ~ 0 f&fjEiiICANS, JUST AS TH~Y W C:R E I N AN I! ~, RL. I E" ER A.

Tr.OAY, GIFT~O . CHIN~SE SCHOLARS STUDY IN A~ERICA, AND 'A~!RIC4N SCnOI.A~e • ~A~~ OF WHOM I AM ~~LIGHTED TO SE~ HERE Jtl~A V· " , STUDY t N C~ H I A. THAT EXCHAN~E ! NI-:ER IT S A u I STI N~U I ~ H~O

' Tn~OITIOS, O~J CI4~P ~.J5ES AL.L ACROSS TH~ UNIT::u 5T4TE5, AME~ICANS iiIll!t.o LECTURED ANO STUOIED IN CHINA IN THE 19J~S .ANO 4~S TODAY Aa! X~Vlt:O~ATl~~ O IJ~ OI,IN INTELL.t:CTUAL LIP~ . ' NON~ OF THEM ~lTri ~~EATE~ O!STI~CTION THAN PRCPESS01 JJHN K. FAIReANK. lao Ho~aRS us BY JnINING MY TRAV~L.L.I~G PARTY. AT THE SAM~ T1ME, ~ E A~E p~ouo T~AT CH!~~SE SCHOLARS WHO STUOI~S AME~ICA~ ';~ONO~Y, E N GI~E~~I~G, AND MEDICINE HAVE e!~N A3LE TO CONTRI~UTa l Ttil SKILLs TH~Y , GA!N!O IN OUR COUNTRY TO THE PROGR~SS 0' . r~~~~G~ ~~~T~~V .

~ ",%T" IS A t-iUTUAL. RELATIO~!H~" • A TRUE R~CIPROCITY • \liE ARE N 0 ~ E ~ G ~ G '! 0 I N 8 U I l. 0 I N ~. FRO MUS, YOu :~ ILL L ~ A R N as~C;CTS ~F 8CI~NC~ ANO TECHNOLOGY. OUR ANTHROr»OLO~IST5 ANO ~thA!O~CGISTS HAVE TOOL5 TO SHArtE WITH YOU AS YOU EXr»LORE Y"UR ~j~ PAST. ~~i ~RICAN AN~ CHINESE SOCIAL SCI~NTI5TS AND HUMANISTS -,.! U'SIGHTe TO OFFER EACH OTHER • A FUI.I.ER UNDERS T AND I NG ey lD U R R E: S r» (; C T 1 V E 1 ~ 5 TIT UTI 0 ~: SAN D V A L U c: S •

A~D SO ~ITH yrUR ~ELP, ~E INT~N~ TO aROAO~N OUR HORIZON~. ~l~ESE P.EB~~RCH~RS PIONEER IN KEY AREAS, FROM ME:DICAL aURN mR,APY TO E,\, RTHQU~KE PREDICTION • AND WE NANT' TO LEARN TH!S;' Sgl.L.S FRe;.! YOU~ ~HC:RE THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCe; RcQUIRES . 'DBAL. COOPER ATI O~ . ' I N ASTRONOI~Y, HI OCE ANOGR APl'iY, IN ME-TER: E!cJ.'DGy . ' OU/; COI·HAO~ EFFORTS CAN BENEFIT THE: WORL.D. AND OUR SlltlAL. SCIENTIST~ AND HUMANISTS HAVEHAROL.Y 8EGUN TO SHARE 18Dfi U~OfRSTANOI~G 0' HISTORY OP ·SOCIAL. CHANGE, AND OF HUMAN ~lENTIAI.. .

ST~CNG BIL.ATE~AL. REI.ATIONS SERVE CUR STRATEGIC INTERESTs. TfiTUlUGM THEM ,aOTH OF US CAN FOSTER TH! WORL.D COMMUNITY ~!! s.££K .~ A WOR~D THAT RESPECTS DXVERSITY ANO WE~COMES CCNSTRUC~IY~ , Ctdl~GE. ..

TO~AY, TH~RE AR! ie2 NATIONS IN THE WORl.e, MOST ' OF _14 POOR~ EIGHTY P~RCENT · OF TP.E WORLD is POPUL.ATION L.IVE .b .:DEV!1.0PI NG caU~'T R I:8. EVERY CA Y, PEOPI.E IN TH.!SE NATIONS AI! 1.IFTINri THe:IR H~AOS TO DEMAND INOEPENOENCE AND JUSTIC!~ Ef£~Y ' DAY, EFFORT! SY RULERS TO OPPRESS TH~I~ ?:OPLE ARE ~TING INCREASING RESISTANCE. GOVERNM!NTS AR~ COMING TO !ibm£RSTAND NOT ONL.Y THE NECESS!TY, SUT ' ALSO THE FUNDAMENTA~ q~J)OM AND DECENCY Of' PRCTECTUIG TH~ RIGHTS OF THEIR PEOP~E · 1iP:CUGH 1.AW. .. .

WHEN PCL.ITICA~ POWER IS MORE EQUITABLY SHAREO WITHIN ~lON~' WHEN THAT PO~ER SHIFTS FROM T~~ FE~ TO THE MANY ~Hli · -NATIONS' W~!N AN ,ERA OJl' COI.ONIAI.ISM GIVES 'RAY TO A , lnR£ JUST l~T'EqNATIONAI. ORDER. THESI! CHANG~S OESERVE WQR~O. i.ID~ SlIP~ORT~ · . 1 IN THE I.A!T· Jl'FW YEARS, AS THE PREEMINENT MIL.ITARY AND = :!::e o.~ 0 \i Ie? n f\i 2: R I \; T H ~ I~ 0 R L. 0 , THE UN I TE:O S TAT E S F r\ C E D A FUN 0 A ~a~; N T A ~ , ~ fl:htU t,; e • ~! ~ ~ ~ \.II e: T 0 ~ E SIS T THO 5 E W n~ 0 S 0 F . C i"I A N G E , AT T A I N I ~H; i fGUIl NATICNAL. SI!'CIJ~ITY p.,y OEFENDH'G THe STATUS GlUO? itiE~E '.liE .. ~ '. D COI.I.UDE t;ITH A FeW oTHER COUNTRIES !N AN EFFORT TO OOMINA!E

~ ii TJoi! ,I/:~L.n'i (j~ i'! ~~:: 11E :r,lJ 1'i~L.COM:: C!-IM·' G!, TO , ~A :<:: THE NECES!A~Y ... ADJUSTMiH1TS, ANO T' HELP SHAPE A MORE JUST itcORL.O OROER? • . L!T THERE 6E NO uOUBT AaoUTTHa CHOICE ~y CCUNTRY HAS

- ., R~tYING EXCI.W~IVELY ON AN INCREASING STOCK OF ARMS, NOR

~ .~iO~.-THE UNITE~ STAT~S ~:L.IEVES THAT ANY EFFORT 3Y ONE 'l~OUNTRY TO OOM!~ATE ANoTHER IS DOOMED TO FAI~U~E. NEITHER

~y DIRECT OR INOlkECT ' MILITARY INTE~VENTION, CAN ANY NATION MoP~ TO ATTAIN ~~STING SECURITY. ON TH! CO~TRARY, NATIO~S XHICH !M~AR~ ON THAT couRSE ~II.I. FINO THEMSELVES INCR~ASXNG~~ ISOLATEJ A~O VULNE~A9LE.

ANa NOTHI~~ MORE VIVIDLY DEMONSTRATES QUR 8EL.I~F ·IN THOSE PRINCI~L.~S THAN THE NORMALIZATION OF SINO.AMERICAN RfLATlONS. N~RMALIZATION S!G~ALS OUR UNDERSTANDING THAT

, ~MExICAN S~CUR!TY IN THE YEARS AHEAO WILL BE ATTAIN~O NOT ' ~ .Y MAINTAINI~G T~E STATUS QUO, NOT ay COLLUOING FOR PURPOSES

l~' OCMINAT10N, SUT 9Y FOSTERING A WORI.O OF INOEPENDENT NATIO~~ ~ITh WHO~ W~ CA~ BUII.D POSITIVE REI.ATION~.

, THAT IS TH:: Wt1RLD COMMUNITY WE S::EK. IT ' IS A"VISION ~, DIVE~SITY, O~ CCNSTRUCTIVE TIES - AND ABOVE ALL, OF P!AC£~ '

IN A WOR~O THAT Hopes TO .FIND NEW ENERGY SOURces, PEAcE 28 ESSE~TIAL~ IN A ~ORLO THAT AIMS TO ELIMINATE HUNGER AND

'~lSPARITIE:S IN ~~ALTH, GLOBAL EQUILI~R!UM IS VITAL. IN A ~~CR~O THAT IS ~OqKING TO ERADICATE COM~UNICABLE OISEA5ES AND ~TQ SAFEGUARD OUR ENVIRONMENT, INT~RNATICNAL COOPERATION IS ~~RUCIAI.. .

. TO SECURE THAT PEACE, TO MAINTAIN THAT EQUILIBRIUM, .. ~o PRO~OT! THAT COOPERATION • THE UNITED STATES IS TOTAI.L.Y ~O~XXTTEO~ .

DURIN~ TH~ VI~IT TO THE UNITEO STATES BY VIC! PREMIER ~EN~ AN~ MADAM! ZH~O IN JANUARY, PRESIDENT CARTER SAID THISI

~W!tVE NOT !NTEREQ THIS N!W RE~ATIONSHIP FoR ANY SHoRT-TERM GAINS~ wE HAVE A 1.0NG.T~RM COMMITM~NT TO A WORLD COMMUNITY O~ OIVE~SE.~.AND INDEPENDENT NATIONS. ~! B!~lEVE THAT A STRONG AND SECURE CHINA WIL.~ PI.AY A . • • J" . ,'

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,coopeRATIVE PART %N OEVE~OPING THAT TYPE O~ ~OR~O COMi-iUNITV." :1 40ULD LIK~ TO U~D!R!COR~ TH~T POINT. ANYQNE ~HO S~~KS

!In UN u! ~ S T ~ ~ 0 A ~ r: RIC A I SIN V A R I A g ~ Y n R A ~! N B A C j( TOT H E I u :! A 1)1 tD I V E R SIT Y. T H P. II NIT E 0 S TAT E SIS A NAT IO N 0 F I ~ ~ I G R M~ T ~ , ' !1.1. l1.lF f.HOr-' Cc.. ~! T~I~UTC: TO OUR SOCIETY THEIR DISTlt\CT TA~::NTS ..... l T ~ , D I T 1 Q ~! 8 • .

THE AMERICA~ PEOPL~ '%NO TH~IR CO~MON HE~ITAGE N~T ~N :!!~~l.~ 3LOC!QLI~i C::, NOT · IN Tl"IOUSANOS Or' V~AR5 SHAREO NATTONAi' l!r:~v, ~UT IN TH~IR AHAR~D IOEAl.S. A~u ~! HAVE A PROFou~n . 11TH IN THE VE~V OIV~RSITY THAT ~ SHA?eS us. ~~ VALue TCI.E~AN~~ ~~ PLURA~IS~ ANO ~UTUAL R!8PECT. " .

~! AI~ TO HO~OR THOSE SA~e PRIN~I?LES IN THE CONOUCT ~, DUR 'CREI~N POLICY IN THE DECAD! OF THE S~IS. FOR SI~O • .AgJU e AN R E ~ A T I 0 ~I S, T HAT DOC: 5 NOT MEA N \Ii E W I L I. A l. :U v SA:; R E E ~

BUT IN A ~o~l.n TH.T RESPECTS DIVERSITY, COUNTRIES AS D!JI'FEq!NT AS THE UNITEq STATES AND CHINA CAN WORK SIne: ay ~l~f TC~ARD CC~MnN ~OALS. TOG~THER, WE CAN ENRIC~ OUR TWO :'CU1.T1:~!S, STl1~NGTH~N . OUR T~O ECONOMIES, SUlL.O BETTER LIVES

'F!~ '!SOTH OUR PEOPL.ES. ANO TOGETHER, ~~ CAN HEL.P STASILIZ! 1ji! f: 0 ~ L ~ COM M U "u T Y • F 0 S T c: R I N G R :: S P E C T F. 0 R 0 I V E ~ SIT V, A ~ 0 ' TA~DING FIR~LY OPPOSED TO INTOLERANce ANO DOMINATION.

~A8T ~ONTH, CHINA ANa THE uNITEn STATES JOINED MANV DTHER NATIONS IN GENEVA TO CONFRONT TH! AGONY OF TH2 INOO.

' eH%~ES! RE'UGEE!~ THE ENORMITV OF TH!I~ HUMAN TRAGEDY D~FI!S T~! 1~~GINATION. IN A WORLD THAT SEF.KS TO ALL.!VIATE SUCH SUfFERING .' SI,;Fi'~inNG THAT' TRANSC~NDS NATION~L. aOUNORIES . " 1HZ WAY ' OF CONSCI:~CE XS THe WAY OF COM~ON CAUSE.

TODAY THE WO~LO ~ATCHES US. IN A SENSE~ WE ARE TESTtNG H!THE~ A OEVEL.Ol'a:!) NATION AND A DEVEL.OPING ~ATION • EACH

~tTH OIFFERENT T~~~ITIONS, EACH WITH DlFFeR!NT SYSTEMS • . CAM SUlL.O A aROA~, ENuURING, CONSTRUCTIVE R~LATIPNSHIP. ~L~TAINLY THER~ WILL. 5E SERIOUS BARRIE~S TO OVERCOME. BUT ' IF ~! .CAN WORK TO~ETH~R, FUTURE GENERATIONS WILL THANK US. I, ~E 'AIL, NOT ONLY WIL.L OUR CHILDREN SUFFER. THE ENTIRE 'jORLO. WILl. F~EL. THE CONSEQUENC~S ·.

DIVERSITY AND STABILITV ARE NOT ' N!:W THEMES IN SINO.· K!RXCAN R!LATIC~S~ PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT ' ONC~ SAlO THIS.

"IT" IS TO THE ADVANTAGE . ' AND ~oT ' TO THE nISADVANTAGE .;. , OF OTHER NATIONS, WHEN ANY NATION BECOMES STA8LE ANO PROSPEROUS' AeLE TO KEEP TH~ PEACE ~ITHIN ITS OWN 80~CERS, AND STRONG eNOUGH NOT TO INVIT! AGGRESSION fROM ~ITHOUT~ WE ilEARTILY HOPE ~OR THE PROGRESS OF CHINA. ' ANq SO FAR AS ay pEACEABLe: ANO LEGITIMATE MEANS ' WE ARE AeL~, wE WILL 00 OUR . PART TO~ARO FURTH!RING THAT PROG~ESS~~ . , IT" WAS A B~!GHT ' VISION THREE G!NERATIONS AGO • AND

~U!SEQUENT ' EVENTS ON~Y POSTPONED TH~ FU~FIL.L.M!NT OF ITS . ;P·ROMI5 E. AS we: 1.001( TO THE FUTURE, I.£T US R C:SOL V ~ TO REK 1 NCL.~

• • : TH! LISHT OF ITS I~SIGHT.

"

· ' .

REMARKS OF VICE PRESIDENT WALTER F. MONDALE

BEIJING UNIVERSITY

AUGUST 27) 1979

11*

['JR. PRESIDENT, DISTINGUISHED GUESTS, FRIENDS - ;.fJ."t, r~ lAW' ..

I AM HONORED TO APPEAR BEFORE YOU~ AND I BRING YOU

THE WARM GREETI NGS AND THE FRIENDSHIP OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE

UNITED STATES AND THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.

FOR AN AMERICAN OF MY GENERATION) TO VISIT THE PEOPLE'S

REPUBLIC OF CHINA IS TO TOUCH THE PULSE OF MODERN POLITICAL

HISTORY. FOR NEARLY THREE DECADES OUR NATIONS STOOD SEPARATE

AND APART. BUT THE ANCIENT HUNGER FOR COMMUNITY UNITES HUMANITY.

IT URGES US TO FIND COMMON GROUND. ~

As ONE OF YOUR POETS WROTE OVER A THOUSAND YEARS AGO)

"WE WIDEN OUR VIEW THREE HUNDRED MILES BY ASCENDING ONE FLIGHT

OF STA IRS." WE ARE ASCEND I NG THAT FLI GHT OF S:T.7G~~ TOGET'~ER .

EACH DAY WE TAKE ANOTHER STEP. THIS AFTERNOON) I AM

PRIVILEGED TO BE THE FIRST AMERICAN POLITICAL FIGURE TO SPEAK

DIRECTLY TO THE CITIZENS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. ~

· . 2

PRAISE OF BEI-DA

AND NO SETTING FOR THAT SPEECH COULD BE MORE SYMBOLIC OF

OUR RELATIONSHIP THAN THIS PLACE OF NEW BEGINNINGS. THE HISTORY

OF MODERN CHINA IS CRYSTALLIZED IN THE STORY OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY

AND THE OTHER DISTINGUISHED INSTITUTIONS YOU REPRESENT. AT

VIRTUALLY EVERY TURNING POINT IN 20TH CENTURY CHINAJ BEI-DA

(BAy-DAH) HAS BEEN THE FULCRUM. ~

SIXTY YEARS AGO J IT WAS AT BEI-DA THAT THE MAY 4TH

MOVEMENT BEGAN J LAUNCHING AN ERA OF UNPRECEDENTED INTELLECTUAL

FERMENT. IT INAUGURATED AN EFFORT TO MODERNIZE CHINESE CULTURE

AND SOCIETY. IT ESTABLISHED A NEW MEETING-GROUND FOR EASTERN

AND WESTERN CULTURES. AND ITS FRAMEWORK OF MUTUAL RESPECT

SUSTAINS OUR OWN CULTURAL COOPERATION TODAY. ~

FORTY-FOUR YEARS AGO J BEI-DA WAS WHERE THE DECEMBER 9TH

MOVEMENT GALVANIZED A STUDENT GENERATION TO RESIST EXTERNAL

AGGRESSION. AND ITS MESSAGE OF SOVEREIGNTY AND NONAGRESSION

UNDERPINS OUR OWN POLITICAL COOPERATION TODAY. ~

As CHINA LOOKS TO THE FUTURE J ONCE AGAIN IT IS BEI-DA AND

YOUR OTHER RESEARCH CENTERS WHICH ARE LEADING THE DRIVE TOWARD "THE

FOUR MODERNIZATIONS." AND THE CLOSENESS OF YOUR DEVELOPMENT

GOALS TO OUR OWN INTERESTS WILL PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR OUR

CONTINUING ECONOMIC COOPERATION. ;f

· . 3

WE SEEK MORE THAN FRIENDSHIP

TODAY, WE FIND OUR TWO NATIONS AT A PIVOTAL MOMENT. WE

HAVE NORMALIZED OUR RELATIONS. THE CURTAIN HAS PARTED: THE

MYSTERY IS BEING DISPELLED. WE ARE EAGER TO KNOW MORE ABOUT

ONE ANOTHER, TO SHARE THE TEXTURE OF OUR DAILY LIVES, TO FORGE THE

HUMAN BONDS OF FRIENDSHIP.

THAT IS A RICH BEGINNING. BUT IT IS ONLY A BEGINNING. ~

A MODERN CHINA TAKING ITS PLACE IN THE FAMILY OF NATIONS

IS ENGAGED IN A SEARCH NOT ONLY FOR FRIENDSHIP, BUT ALSO FOR SECURITY

AND DEVELOPMENT. AN . AMERICA DEEPENING ITS RELATIONS WITH

CHINA DOES SO NOT ONLY OUT OF GENUINE SENTIMENT, AND NOT ONLY OUT

OF NATURAL CURIOSITY, IT DOES SO OUT OF THE SAME COMBINATION OF PRINCIPLE

AND SELF-INTEREST THAT IS THE ENGINE OF MATURE RELATIONS AMONG ALL

MODERN STATES.

OUR JOB TODAY IS TO ESTABLISH THE BASIS FOR AN ENDURING

RELATIONSHIP TOMORROW. WE COULD NOT HAVE SET THAT TASK WITHOUT OUR

FRIENDSHIP. BUT WE CANNOT ACCOMPLISH IT WITH FRIENDSHIP ALONE.~

THE CENTRAL MESSAGE

ON BEHALF OF PRESIDENT CARTER, THIS IS THE MESSAGE I CARRY

TO THE PEOPLE OF CHINA -- A MESSAGE ABOUT AMERICA, ITS PURPOSES

IN THE WORLD, AND Q~R HOPES FOR OUR RELATIONS WITH YOU. ~

· . 4

THE AMERICANS ARE AN HISTORICALLY CONFIDENT PEOPLE, OUR POLITICS ARE

ROOTED IN OUR VALUES, WE CHERISH OUR FUNDAMENTAL BELIEFS IN

HUMAN RIGHTS) AND COMPASSION) AND SOCIAL JUSTICE, WE BELIEVE

THAT OUR DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM INSTITUTIONALIZES THOSE VALUES, THE

OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE TO OUR CITIZENS ARE INCOMPARABLE, OUR

DEBATES ARE VIGOROUS AND OPEN, AND THE DIFFERENCES WE AIR

AMONG OURSELVES -- WHETHER ON STRATEGIC NUCLEAR POLICY OR ON

ENERGY -- ARE SIGNS OF OUR SOCIETY'S ENDURING STRENGTH, ~

My COUNTRY IS BLESSED WITH UNSURPASSED NATURAL RESOURCES,

MOREOVER) WE ALSO HAVE UNPARALLELED HUMAN RESOURCES -- WORKERS AND

FARMERS AND SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS AND INDUSTRIALISTS AND FINANCIERS,

WITH THEIR GENIUS WE ARE ABLE TO TRANSFORM OUR NATURAL ASSETS

INTO ABUNDANCE -- NOT ONLY FOR OURSELVES) BUT FOR THE WORLD, ~

OF COURSE WE FACE UNSOLVED PROBLEMS, BUT THE HIGH GOALS

WE SET FOR OURSELVES -- AND OUR DETERMINATION TO MEET THEM -- ARE

MEASURES OF OUR NATIONAL SPIRIT, IN THAT STRIVING) IN THAT

RESTLESS PURSUIT OF A BETTER LIFE) WE FEEL A SPECIAL AFFINITY

FOR THE PEOPLE OF MODERN CHINA, ~

IN THE WORLD COMMUNITY) THE UNITED STATES SEEKS INTER­

NATIONAL STABILITY AND PEACE, BUT WE HAVE NO ILLUSIONS ABOUT

THE OBSTACLES WE FACE, WE KNOW THAT WE LIVE IN A DANGEROUS

WORLD, AND WE ARE DETERMINED TO REMAIN MILITARILY PREPARED,

WE ARE FASHIONING OUR DEFENSES FROM THE MOST ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY

ANYWHERE, WE HAVE FORGED ALLIANCES IN EUROPE AND ASIA WHICH

GROW STRONGER EVERY YEAR, TOGETHER WITH OUR JAPANESE AND

WESTERN ALLIES) WE WILL ENSURE THAT OUR INVESTMENT IN SECURITY

5

IS EQUAL TO THE TASK OF ENSURING PEACE -- AS WE HAVE FOR THIRTY YEARS.~

BUT WE WANT TO BE MORE THAN A FIRM AND RELIABLE PARTNER IN WORLD

AFFAIRS, WE ALSO BELIEVE IN A WORLD OF DIVERSITY,

FOR SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS) THAT MEANS THAT WE RESPECT

THE DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES WHICH THE GREAT CHINESE PEOPLE

CONTRIBUTE TO OUR RELATIONSHIP, AND DESPITE THE SOMETIMES

PROFOUND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OUR TWO SYSTEMS) WE ARE COMMITTED

TO JOINING WITH YOU TO ADVANCE OUR MANY PARALLEL STRATEGIC

AND BILATERAL INTERESTS'~

THUS ANY NATION WHICH SEEKS TO WEAKEN OR ISOLATE YOU IN

WORLD AFFAIRS ASSUMES A STANCE COUNTER TO AMERICAN INTERESTS,

THAT IS WHY THE UNITED STATES NORMALIZED RELATIONS WITH YOUR

COUNTRY) AND THAT IS WHY WE MUST WORK TO BROADEN AND STRENGTHEN

OUR NEW FRIENDSHIP, ~

WE MUST PRESS FORWARD NOW TO WIDEN AND GIVE SPECIFICITY

TO OUR RELATIONS, THE FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGES WE FACE ARE TO

BUILD CONCRETE POLITICAL TIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MUTUAL SECURITY

TO ESTABLISH BROAD CULTURAL RELATIONS IN A FRAMEWORK OF GENUINE

EQUALITY '" AND TO FORGE PRACTICAL ECONOMIC BONDS WITH THE

GOAL OF COMMON BENEFIT, ~

, , ,

As WE GIVE SUBSTANCE TO OUR SHARED INTERESTS) WE ARE

INVESTING IN THE FUTURE OF OUR RELATIONSHIP, THE MORE EFFECTIVELY

WE ADVANCE OUR AGENDA) THE MORE BONDS WE BUILD BETWEEN US -- THE

MORE CONFIDENT WE CAN BE THAT OUR RELATIONSHIP WILL ENDURE, ~

- 6 -

AND SO WHAT WE ACCOMPLISH TODAY LAYS THE GROUNDWORK FOR

THE DECADE AHEAD, THE 1980's CAN FIND US WORKING TOGETHER -- AND

WORKING WITH OTHER NATIONS -- TO MEET WORLD PROBLEMS, ENRICHING

THE GLOBAL ECONOMY) CONTAINING INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS) PROTECTING

THE INDEPENDENCE OF NATIONS: THESE GOALS MUST ALSO BE 'PURSUED

FROM THE:PERSPECTIVE OF OUR BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP, THE DEEPER

THAT RELATIONSHIP) THE MORE SUCCESSFUL THAT WORLD-WIDE PURSUIT

WILL BE, /

THAT IS THE AGENDA PRESIDENT CARTER HAS ASKED ME TO

COME TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA TO PURSUE, THAT IS

THE PRINCIPfAL MESSAGE PRESIDENT CARTER HAS ASKED ME TO BRING TO

YOU, I TIS THE AGENDA WE SHARE FOR THE FUTURE, /

* * * IN THE EIGHT MONTHS SINCE NORMALIZATION) WE HAVE WITNESSED

THE RAPID EXPANSION OF SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS,

WE HAVE REACHED A SETTLEMENT ON CLAIMS/ASSETS AND SIGNED

THE TRADE AGREEMENT, TRADE BETWEEN OUR COUNTRIES IS EXPANDING,

AMERICAN OIL COMPANIES ARE HELPING YOU EXPLORE CHINA'S OFF-SHORE

OIL RESERVES, JOINT COMMISSIONS ON SINO-AMERICAN ECONOMIC

RELATIONS AND ON SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGE HAVE BEEN

ESTABLISHED, WE HAVE EXCHANGED NUMEROUS GOVERNMENTAL DELEGATIONS)

INCLUDING THE VISITS OF MANY HEADS OF OUR RESPECTIVE MINISTRIES AND

DEPARTMENTS, AND THE FLOW OF PEOPLE BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES

IS REACHING NEW HEIGHTS. ~

7

WE HAVE GAINED A COOPERATIVE MOMENTUM, TOGETHER LET US

SUSTAIN AND STRENGTHEN IT,

FOR A STRONG AND SECURE AND MODERNIZING CHINA IS ALSO

IN THE AMERICAN INTEREST IN THE DECADE AHEAD, /

• IN AGRICULTURE) YOUR CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT NOT ONLY

PROVIDES A BETTER LIFE FOR THE CHINESE PEOPLE, IT ALSO SERVES

OUR INTERESTS -- FOR YOUR GAINS IN AGRICULTURE WILL INCREASE

LIMITED \'-/ORLD FOOD SUPPLIES, /

• IN TRADE) OUR INTERESTS ARE SERVED BY YOUR EXPANDING

EXPORTS OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS," AND AT

THE SAME TIME YOUR INTERESTS ARE SERVED BY THE PURCHASES YOU CAN

FINANCE THROUGH THOSE EXPORTS, /

• As YOU INDUSTRIALIZE) YOU PROVIDE A HIGHER STANDARD OF

LIVING FOR YOUR PEOPLE, AND AT THE SAME TIME OUR INTERESTS ARE

SERVED -- FOR THIS WILL INCREASE THE FLOW OF TRADE) NARROW THE

WEALTH GAP BETWEEN THE DEVELOPED AND THE DEVELOPING WORLD) AND

THUS HELP ALLEVIATE A MAJOR SOURCE OF GLOBAL INSTABILITY, ~

• ABOVE ALL) BOTH OUR POLITICAL INTERESTS ARE SERVED BY

YOUR GROWING STRENGTH IN ALL FIELDS FOR IT HELPS DETER OTHERS

WHO MIGHT SEEK TO IMPOSE THEMSELVES ON YOU,

8

EFFORTS IN THE 1920s AND 30s TO KEEP CHINA WEAK DESTABILIZED

THE ENTIRE WORLD. FOR MANY YEARS) CHINA WAS A FLASH POINT OF GREAT

POWER COMPETITION. BUT A CONFIDENT CHINA CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE

MAINTENANCE OF PEACE IN THE REGION. TODAY) THE UNPRECEDENTED

AND FRIENDLY RELATIONS AMONG CHINA) JAPAN) AND THE UNITED STATES

BRING INTERNATIONAL STABILITY TO NORTHEAST ASIA. ~

THAT IS WHY DEEPENING OUR ECONOMIC) CULTURAL) AND POLITICAL

RELATIONS IS SO STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT -- NOT ONLY FOR YOUR

SECURITY) BUT FOR THE PEACE OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY. ~

ECONOMIC COOPERATION

WE ARE TAKING CRUCIAL STEPS TO ADVANCE OUR ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP.

FIRST) BEFORE THE END OF THE YEAR) PRESIDENT CARTER WILL

SUBMIT FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE U.S. CONGRESS THE TRADE AGREEMENT

WE REACHED WITH YOU. THIS AGREEMENT WILL EXTEND "MOST FAVORED

NATION" TREATMENT TO CHINA. AND ITS SUBMISSION IS NOT LINKED

TO ANY OTHER ISSUE. ~

SECOND) I WILL BE SIGNING AN AGREEMENT ON DEVELOPMENT OF

HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. U.S.

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ARE NOW READY TO HELP DEVELOP CHINA'S

HYDROELECTRIC POWER ON A COMPENSATORY BASIS. ~

9

THI RDJ Tl-IE Urn TED STATES I S rREPAI~ED TO ESTABLI SH

EXPORT-IMPORT BANK CREDIT

ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE PRC ON A CASE-BY-CASE BASIS J UP TO A TOTAL

OF $2 BILLION OVER A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD. IF THE PACE OF DEVELOPMENT

WARRANTS ITJ WE ARE PREPARED TO CONSIDER ADDITIONAL CREDIT

ARRANGEMENTS • ~/E HAVE BEGUN DISCUSS IONS TOWARD TH I SEND. /

FOURTHJ THE CARTER ADMINISTRATION THIS YEAR WILL SEEK CONGRESSIONAL

AUTHORITY TO ENCOURAGE AMERICAN BUSINESSES TO INVEST IN CHINA --

BY PROVIDING THE GUARANTEES AND INSURANCE OF THE OVERSEAS PRIVATE

INVESTMENT CORPORATION.~

WE ALSO STAND READY TO WORK WITH THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT TO

REACH TEXTILE J MARITIMEJ AND CIVIL AVIATION AGREEMENTS IN THE

SHORTEST POSSIBLE TIME. ~

CULTURAL COOPERATION

As WE ADVANCE OUR CULTURAL RELATIONSHIP J UNIVERSITIES

WILL AGAIN BE A CRUCIAL MEETING-GROUND BETWEEN CHINESE AND

AMERICANS J JUST AS THEY WERE IN AN EARLIER ERA.

TODAY J GIFTED CHINESE SCHOLARS STUDY IN AMERICAJ AND

AMERICAN SCHOLARS -- MANY OF WHOM I AM DELIGHTED TO SEE HERE

TODAY -- STUDY IN CHINA. THAT EXCHANGE INHERITS A DISTINGUISHED

TRADITION. ON CAMPUSES ALL ACROSS THE UNITED STATES J AMERICANS

WHO LECTURED AND STUDIED IN CHINA IN THE 1930s AND 40s TODAY ARE

10

INVIGORATING OUR OWN INTELLECTUAL LIFE -- NONE OF THEM WITH

GREATER DISTINCTION THAN PROFESSOR JOHN K. FAIRBANK) WHO HONORS

US BY JOINING MY TRAVELLING PARTY. AT THE SAME TIME) WE ARE

PROUD THAT CHINESE SCHOLARS WHO STUDIED AMERICAN AGRONOMY)

ENGINEERING) AND MEDICINE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO CONTRIBUTE THE

SKILLS THEY GAINED IN OUR COUNTRY TO THE PROGRESS OF CHINESE

SOCIETY. ~

IT IS A MUTUAL RELATIONSHIP -- A TRUE RECIPROCITY -- WE

ARE NOW ENGAGED IN BUILDING. FROM us) YOU WILL LEARN ASPECTS

OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. OUR ANTHROPOLOGISTS AND ARCHAEOLOGISTS

HAVE TOOLS TO SHARE WITH YOU AS YOU EXPLORE YOUR OWN PAST.

AMERICAN AND CHINESE SOCIAL SCIENTISTS AND HUMANISTS HAVE INSIGHTS

TO OFFER EACH OTHER-- A FULLER UNDERSTANDING OF OUR RESPECTIVE

INSTITUTIONS AND VALUES. ~

AND SO WITH YOUR HELP) WE INTEND TO BROADEN OUR HORIZONS.

CHINESE RESEARCHERS PIONEER IN KEY AREAS) FROM MEDICAL BURN

THERAPY TO EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION -- AND WE WANT TO LEARN THESE

SKILLS FROM YOU. WHERE THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE REQUIRES GLOBAL

COOPERATION -- IN ASTRONOMY) IN OCEANOGRAPHY) IN METEOROLOGY

OUR COMMON EFFORTS CAN BENEFIT THE WORLD. AND OUR SOCIAL

SCIENTISTS AND HUMANISTS HAVE HARDLY BEGUN TO SHARE YOUR

UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORY, OF SOCIAL CHANGE, AND OF HUMAN POTENTIAL'~

11

POLITICAL COOPERATION IN A CHANGING WORLD

STRONG BILATERAL RELATIONS SERVE OUR STRATEGIC INTERESTS,

THROUGH THEM) BOTH OF US CAN FOSTER THE WORLD COMMUNITY WE SEEK --

A WORLD THAT RESPECTS DIVERSITY AND WELCOMES CONSTRUCTIVE CHANGE, ~

TODAY) THERE ARE 162 NATIONS IN THE WORLD) MOST OF THEM

POOR, EIGHTY PERCENT OF THE WORLD'S POPULATION LIVE IN

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, EVERY DAY) PEOPLE IN THESE NATIONS ARE

LIFTING THEIR HEADS TO DEMAND INDEPENDENCE AND JUSTICE, EVERY

DAY) EFFORTS BY RULERS TO OPPRESS THEIR PEOPLE ARE MEETING

INCREASING RESISTANCE, GOVERNMENTS ARE COMING TO UNDERSTAND

NOT ONLY THE NECESSITY) BUT ALSO THE FUNDAMENTAL WISDOM AND /

DECENCY OF PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF THEIR PEOPLE THROUGH LAW,

WHEN POLITICAL POWER IS MORE EQUITABLY SHARED WITHIN

NATIONS; WHEN THAT POWER SHIFTS FROM THE FEW TO THE MANY AMONG

NATIONS; WHEN AN ERA OF COLONIALISM GIVES WAY TO A MORE JUST

INTERNATIONAL ORDER -- THESE CHANGES DESERVE WORLD-WIDE SUPPORT'~

12

IN THE LAST FEW YEARS) AS THE PREEMINENT MILITARY AND

ECONOMIC POWER IN THE WORLD, THE UNITED STATES FACED A

FUNDAMENTAL CHOICE. WERE WE TO RESIST THOSE WINDS OF CHANGE,

ATTAINING OUR NATIONAL SECURITY BY DEFENDING THE STATUS QUO?

WERE WE TO COLLUDE WITH A FEW OTHER COUNTRIES IN AN EFFORT TO

DOMINATE THE WORLD? OR WERE WE TO WELCOME CHANGE, TO MAKE THE /

NECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS, AND TO HELP SHAPE A MORE JUST WORLD ORDER?

LET THERE BE NO DOUBT ABOUT THE CHOICE MY COUNTRY HAS MADE.

THE UNITED STATES BELIEVES THAT ANY EFFORT BY ONE COUNTRY TO

DOMINATE ANOTHER IS DOOMED TO FAILURE. NEITHER BY RELYING

EXCLUSIVELY ON AN INCREASING STOCK OF ARMS, NOR BY DIRECT OR

INDIRECT MILITARY INTERVENTION, CAN ANY NATION HOPE TO ATTAIN

LASTING SECURITY. ON THE CONTRARY, NATIONS WHICH

COURSE WILL FIND THEMSELVES INCREASINGLY ISOLATED

EMBARK ON THAT /

AND VULNERABLE.

AND NOTHING MORE VIVIDLY DEMONSTRATES OUR BELIEF IN

THOSE PRINCIPLES THAN THE NORMALIZATION OF SINO-AMERICAN

RELATIONS. NORMALIZATION SIGNALS OUR UNDERSTANDING THAT

AMERICAN SECURITY IN THE YEARS AHEAD WILL BE ATTAINED NOT BY

MAINTAINING THE STATUS QUO; NOT BY COLLUDING FOR PURPOSES OF

DOMINATION; BUT BY FOSTERING A WORLD OF INDEPENDENT

NATIONS WITH WHOM WE CAN BUILD POSITIVE RELATIONS. ~

THAT IS THE WORLD COMMUNITY WE SEEK, IT IS A VISION OF

DIVERSITY) OF CONSTRUCTIVE TIES -- AND ABOVE ALL) OF PEACE,

13

IN A WORLD THAT HOPES TO FIND NEW ENERGY SOURCES J PEACE

IS ESSENTIAL. IN A WORLD THAT AIMS TO ELIMINATE HUNGER AND

DISPARITIES IN WEALTHJ GLOBAL EQUILIBRIUM IS VITAL. IN A WORLD

THAT IS WORKING TO ERADICATE COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND TO SAFE­

GUARD OUR ENVIRONMENT J INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IS CRUCIAL.

To SECURE THAT PEACE; TO MAINTAIN THAT EQUILIBRIUM J TO

PROMOTE THAT COOPERATI ON -- THE UI~ !TED STATES IS TOTALL V COMMI TTED, /

GLOBAL EQUILIBRIUM IN THE 80s

DURING THE VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES BY VICE PREMIER

DENG (DUNG) AND MADAME ZHUO (JWO) IN JANUARY J PRESIDENT CARTER

SAID THIS:

"~'/E/VE NOT ENTERED THIS NEW RELATIONSHIP FOR ANY

SHORT-TER~1 GA INS. . ':/E HAVE A LONG-TERM COrv1M I TMENT

TO A WORLD COMMUNITY OF DIVERSE ... AND INDEPENDENT

NAT IONS. I!E BEL I EVE THAT A STRONG AND SECURE CH I NA

WILL PLAY A COOPERATIVE PART IN DEVELOPING THAT

TVPE OF WORLD COMt1UN I TV, " /

I WOULD LIKE TO UNDERSCORE THAT POINT. ANYONE WHO SEEKS

TO UNDERSTAND AMERICA IS INVARIABLY DRAWN BACK TO THE IDEA OF

DIVERSITY. THE UNITED STATES IS A NATION OF IMMIGRANTS J ALL OF

WHOM CONTRIBUTE TO OUR SOCIETY THEIR DISTINCT TALENTS AND

TRADITIONS. /

· . 14

THE AMERICAN PEOPLE FIND THEIR COMMON HERITAGE NOT IN A

SINGLE BLOODLINE J NOT IN THOUSANDS OF YEARS OF SHARED NATIONAL

HISTORY J BUT IN THEIR SHARED IDEALS. AND WE HAVE A PROFOUND

FAITH IN THE VERY DIVERSITY THAT SHAPES US. dE VALUE TOLERANCE AND

PLURALISM AND MUTUAL RESPECT.

WE AIM TO HONOR THOSE SAME PRINCIPLES IN THE CONDUCT OF

OUR FOREIGN POLICY IN THE DECADE OF THE 80s. FOR SINO- AMERICAN

RELATIONS J THAT DOES NOT MEAN WE WILL ALWAYS AGREE. ~

BUT IN A WORLD THAT RESPECTS DIVERSITY J COUNTRIES AS

DIFFERENT AS THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA CAN WORK SIDE BY SIDE

TOWARD COMMON GOALS. TOGETHER J WE CAN ENRICH OUR TWO CULTURES J

STRENGTHEN OUR TWO ECONOMIES J BUILD BETTER LIVES FOR BOTH OUR

PEOPLES. AND TOGETHER) WE CAN HELP STABILIZE THE WORLD COMMUNITY

FOSTERING RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY) AND STANDING FIRMLY OPPOSED TO

INTOLERANCE AND DOMINATION. ~

LAST MONTH) CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES JOINED MANY OTHER

NATIONS IN GENEVA TO CONFRONT THE AGONY OF THE INDOCHINESE

REFUGEES. THE ENORMITY OF THEIR HUMAN TRAGEDY DEFIES THE

IMAGINATION. IN A WORLD THAT SEEKS TO ALLEVIATE SUCH SUFFERING

SUFFERING THAT TRANSCENDS NATIONAL BOUNDARIES

CONSCIENCE IS THE WAY OF COMMON CAUSE. ~

THE WAY OF

lS

TODAY THE WORLD WATCHES US. IN A SENSE) WE ARE TESTING

WHETHER A DEVELOPED NATION AND A DEVELOPING NATION -- EACH

WITH DIFFERENT TRADITIONS) EACH WITH DIFFERENT SYSTEMS -.- CAN BUILD

A BROAD) ENDURING) CONSTRUCTIVE RELATIONSHIP. CERTAINLY THERE WILL

BE SERIOUS BARRIERS TO OVERCOME. BUT IF WE CAN WORK TOGETHER)

FUTURE GENERATIONS WILL THANK US. IF WE FAIL) NOT ONLY WILL OUR

CHILDREN SUFFER: THE ENTIRE WORLD WILL FEEL THE CONSEQUENCES. ~

DIVERSITY AND STABILITY ARE NOT NEW THEMES IN SINO-AMERICAN

RELATIONS. PRESIDENT THEODORE ROOSEVELT ONCE SAID THIS:

UIT IS TO THE ADVANTAGE -- AND NOT TO THE

DISADVANTAGE -- OF OTHER NATIONS) WHEN ANY NATION

BECOMES STABLE AND PROSPEROUS; ABLE TO KEEP THE

PEACE WITHIN ITS OWN BORDERS.; AND STRONG ENOUGH

NOT TO INVITE AGGRESSION FROM WITHOUT. ~JE HEARTILY

HOPE FOR THE PROGRESS OF CHINA. AND SO FAR AS BY

PEACEABLE AND LEGITIMATE MEANS WE ARE ABLE) ~vE /

WILL DO OUR PART TOWARD FURTHERING THAT PROGRESS. u

IT WAS A BRIGHT VISION THREE GENERATIONS AGO -- AND

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS ONLY POSTPONED THE FULFILLMENT OF ITS PROMISE.

As WE LOOK TO THE FUTURE) LET US RESOLVE TO REKINDLE THE LIGHT

OF ITS INSIGHT.

Current Policy No. 86

Vice President Mondale

China: Looking to the Future August 27, 1979

United States Department of State

Bureau of Public Affairs

Washington, D. C.

Following is an address by Vice Pres­ident Walter F. Mondale, made at Beijing University during his recent trip to the People's Republic o/China, August 25-September 1, 1979. This was the first speech by an American to be broadcast nationwide by the P.R.C.

I am honored to appear before you, and I bring you the warm greetings and the friendship of the President of the United States and the American people.

For an American of my generation to visit the People's Republic of China is to touch the pulse of modern political his­tory. For nearly three decades our nations stood separate and apart, but the ancient hunger for community unites humanity. It urges us to find common ground. As one of your poets wrote over a thousand years ago: "We widen our view three hundred miles by ascending one flight of stairs ." We are ascending that flight of stairs together. Each day we take another step. This afternoon, I am privileged to be the first American political figure to speak directly to the citizens of the People's Republic of China.

And no setting for that speech could be more symbolic of our relationship than this place of new beginnings. The history of modern China is crystallized in the story of Beijing University and the other

distinguished institutions you represent. At virtually every turning point in 20th century China, Bei-Da [Beijing Univer­sity] has been the fulcrum.

Sixty years ago , it was at Bei-Da that the May 4th movement began, launching an era of unprecedented intellectual fer­ment. It inaugurated an effort to mod­ernize Chinese culture and society. It established a new meeting ground for eastern and western cultures. · And its framework of mutual respect sustains our own cultural cooperation today.

Forty-four years ago , Bei-Da was where the December 9th movement galvanized a student generation to resist external ag­gression . And its message of sovereignty and nonaggression underpins our own political cooperation today.

As China looks to the future, once again it is Bei-Da and your other research centers which are leading the drive to­ward " the four modernizations." And the closeness of your development goals to our own interests will provide the basis for our continuing economic coop­eration.

Today we fmd our two nations at a pivotal moment. We have normalized our relations . The curtain has parted; the mystery is being dispelled. We are eager

2

to know more about one another, to share the texture of our daily lives, to forge the human bonds of friendship. That is a rich beginning, but it is only a beginning.

A modern China taking its place in the family of nations is engaged in a search not only for friendship but also for secu­rity and development. An America deepening its relations with China does so not only out of genuine sentiment and not only out of natural curiosity; it does so out of the same combination of prin­ciple and self-interest that is the engine of mature relations among all modern states.

Our job today is to establish the basis for an enduring relationship tomorrow. We could not have set that task without our friendship . But we cannot accomplish it with friendship alone . On behalf of Pres­ident Carter, this is the message I carry to the people of China-a message about America, its purposes in the world, and our hopes for our relations with you.

A Message About America

The Americans are historically confident people. Our politics are rooted in our values. We cherish our fundamental be­liefs in human rights and compassion and social justice . We believe that our demo­cratic system institutionalizes those val­ues . The opportunities available to our citizens are incomparable . Our debates are vigorous and open. And the differ­ences we air among ourselves-whether on strategic nuclear policy or on energy -are signs of our society's enduring strength.

My country is blessed with unsurpassed natural resources. Moreover, we also have unparalleled human resources­workers and farmers and scientists and engineers and industrialists and finan­ciers . With their genius we are able to transform our natural assets into abun­dance, not only for ourselves but for the world.

Of course we face unsolved problems. But the high goals we set for our­selves-and our determination to meet them-are measures of our national spirit. In that striving, in that restless

pursuit of a better life , we feel a special affinity for the people of modern China.

In the world community, the United States seeks international stability and peace. But we have no illusions about the obstacles we face. We know that we live in a dangerous world. And we are determined to remain militarily prepared. We are fashioning our defenses from the most advanced technology anywhere. We have forged alliances in Europe and Asia which grow stronger every year. To­gether with our Japanese and Western al­lies, we will insure that our investment in security is equal to the task of insuring peace-as we have for 30 years.

But we want to be more than a firm and reliable partner in world affairs . We also believe in a world of diversity.

For Sino-American relations , that means that we respect the distinctive qualities which the great Chinese people contrib­ute to our relationship. And despite the sometimes profound differences between our two systems, we are committed to joining with you to advance our many parallel strategic and bilateral interests. Thus any nation which seeks to weaken or isolate you in world affairs assumes a stance counter to American interests . This is why the United States normalized relations with your country, and that is why we must work to broaden and strengthen our new friendship .

We must press forward now to widen and give specificity to our relations . The fun­damental challenges we face are to build concrete political ties in the context of mutual security, to establish broad cul­tural relations in a framework of genuine equality, and to forge practical economic bonds with the goal of common benefit.

As we given substance to our shared interests, we are investing in the future of our relationships. The more effectively we advance our agenda, the more bonds we build between us-the more confident we can be that our relationship will endure.

And so what we accomplish today lays the groundwork for the decade ahead. The 1980's can find us working

together-and working with other nations-to meet world problems. En­riching the global economy, containing international conflicts, protecting the independence of nations-these goals must also be pursued from the perspec­tive of our bilateral relationship. The deeper the relationship, the more suc­cessful that worldwide pursuit will be.

That is the agenda President Carter has asked me to come to the People's Repub­lic of China to pursue. That is the princi­pal message President Carter has asked me to bring to you . It is the agenda we share for the future .

Economic Cooperation

In the 8 months since normalization, we have witnessed the rapid expansion of Sino-American relations .

We have reached a settlement on claims-assets and signed the trade agreement. Trade between our countries is expanding. American oil companies are helping you explore China's off-shore oil reserves . Joint commissions on Sino-American economic relations and on scientific and technical exchange have been established . We have exchanged numerous governmental delegations, in­cluding the visits of many heads of our respective ministries and departments , and the flow of people between our two countries is reaching new heights . We have gained a cooperative momentum. Together let us sustain and strengthen it . For a strong and secure and modernizing China is also in the American interest in the decade ahead.

In agriculture, your continued develop­,ment not only provides a better life for the Chinese people, it also serves our interests-for your gains in agriculture will increase limited world food supplies .

In trade, our interests are served by your expanding exports of natural resources and industrial products. And at the same time your interests are served by the pur­chases you can finance through those ex­ports.

As you industrialize, you provide a higher standard of living for your people. And at the same time our interests are

served-for this will increase the flow of trade, narrow the wealth gap between the developed and the developing world and thus help alleviate a major source of global instability.

Above all, both our political interests are serve4 by your growing strength in all fields-for it helps deter others who might seek to impose themselves on you.

Efforts in the 1920 's and 1930 's to keep China weak destabilized the entire world. For many years, China was a flashpoint of great power competition. But a confi­dent China can contribute to the mainte­nance of peace in the region. Today the unprecedented and friendly relations among China, Japan, and the United States bring international stability to northeast Asia. That is why deepening our economic, cultural, and political rela­tions is so strategically important-not only for your security but for the peace of the world community.

We are taking crucial steps to advance our economic relationship .

First, before the end of the year, Presi­dent Carter will submit for the approval of the U.S. Congress the trade agreement we reached with you. This agreement will extend most-favored-nation treat­ment to China. And its submission is not linked to any other issue.

Second, I will be signing an agreement on development of hydroelectric energy in the People's Republic of China. U.S . Government agencies are now ready to help develop China's hydroelectric power on a c0.mpensatory basis.

Third, the United States is prepared to establish Export-Import Bank credit ar­rangements for the PR.C. on a case-by­case basis up to a total of $2 billion over a 5-year period. If the pace of develop­ment warrants it, we are prepared to con­sider additional credit arrangements. We have begun discussions toward this end.

Fourth, the Carter Administration this year will seek congressional authority to encourage American businesses to invest in China-by providing the guarantees and insurance of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation.

We also stand ready to work with the Chinese Government to reach textile, maritime, and civil aviation agreements in the shortest possible time.

Culture and Education

As we advance our cultural relationship, universities will again be a crucial meet­ing ground between Chinese and Ameri­cans, just as they were in an earlier era.

Today gifted Chinese scholars study in America, and American scholars-many of whom I am delighted to see here today-study in China. That exchange inherits a distinguished tradition. On campuses all across the United States, Americans who lectured and studied in China in the 1930's and 1940's today are invigorating our own intellectual life­none of them with greater distinction than Professor John K. Fairbank, who honors us by joining my traveling party. At the same time, we are proud that Chinese scholars who study American agronomy, engineering, and medicine have been able to contribute the skills they gained in our country to the prog­ress of Chinese society.

It is a mutual relationship--a true reciprocity-we are now engaged in building. From us, you will learn aspects of science and technology. Our an­thropologists and archaeologists have tools to share with you as you explore your own past . American and Chinese social scientists and humanists have in­sights to offer each other-a fuller understanding of our respective insti­tutions and values.

And so with your help, we intend to broaden our horizons. Chinese re­searchers pioneer in key areas , from medical burn therapy to earthquake pre­diction, and we want to learn these skills from you . Where the progress of science requires global cooperation-in as­tronomy, in oceanography, in meteorology--our common efforts can benefit the world. And our social scien­tists and humanists have hardly begun to share your understanding of history, of social change, and of human potential.

3

Strong bilateral relations serve our stra­tegic interests . Through them, both of-us can foster the world community we seek-a world that respects diversity and welcomes constructive change.

A Just World Order

Today there are 162 nations in the world , most of them poor. Eighty percent of the world's population live in developing countries. Every day, people in these na­tions are lifting their heads to demand independence and justice. Every day ef­forts by rulers to oppress their people are meeting increasing resistance. Govern­ments are coming to understand not only the necessity but also the fundamental wisdom and decency of protecting the rights of their people through law.

When political power is more equitably shared within nations, when that power shifts from the few to the many among nations, when an era of colonialism gives way to a more just international order­these changes deserve worldwide sup­port.

In the last few years, as the preeminent military and economic power in the world, the United States faced a funda­mental choice . Were we to resist those winds of change, attaining our national security by defending the status quo? Were we to collude with a few other countries in an effort to dominate the world? Or were we to welcome change, to make the necessary adjustments and to help shape a more just world order?

Let there be no doubt about the choice my country had made. The United States believes that any effort by one country to dominate another is doomed to failure. Neither by relying exclusively on an in­creasing stock of arms nor by direct or indirect military intervention can any na­tion hope to attain lasting security. On the contrary, nations which embark on that course will find themselves increas­ingly isolated and vulnerable.

And nothing more vividly demonstrates our belief in those principles than the normalization of Sino-American rela­tions. Normalization signals our under­standing that American security in the

4

years ahead will be attained not by main­taining the status quo, not by colluding for purposes of domination but by foster­ing a world of independent nations with which we can build positive relations.

That is the world community we seek. It is a vision of diversity, of constructive ties, and above all, of peace. In a world that hopes to find new energy sources, peace is essential . In a world that aims to eliminate hunger and disparities in wealth, global equilibrium is vital. In a world that is working to eradicate com­municable diseases and to safeguard our environment, international cooperation is crucial.

To secure that peace , to maintain that equilibrium, to promote that cooperation , the United States is totally committed.

A World of Diversity

During the visit to the United States by Vice Premier Deng and Madame Zhuo in January, President Carter said this:

We 've not entered this new relationship for any short-term gains. We have a long-term commit­ment to a world community of diverse . . . and independent nations. We believe that a strong and a secure China will playa cooperative part in de­veloping that type of world community ....

I would like to underscore that point. Anyone who seeks to understand America is invariably drawn back to the

Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

idea of diversity. The United States is a nation of immigrants, all of whom con­tribute to our society their distinct talents and traditions .

The American people find their common heritage not in a single bloodline, not in thousands of years of shared national his­tory but in their shared ideals. And we have a profound faith in the very diversity that shapes us . We value toler­ance and pluralism and mutual respect.

We aim to honor those same principles in the conduct of our foreign policy in the decade of the 1980's. For Sino-American relations, that does not mean we will al­ways agree. But in a world that respects diversity, countries as different as the United States and China can work side by side toward common goals. Together, we can enrich our two cultures, strengthen our two economies, build bet­ter lives for both our peoples, and to­gether we can help stabilize the world community-fostering respect for diversity and standing firmly opposed to intolerance and domination.

Last month , China and the United States joined many other nations in Geneva to confront the agony of the Indochinese refugees. The enormity of their human tragedy defies the imagination . In a world that seeks to alleviate such suffering-suffering that transcends na-

tional boundaries-the way of consci­ence is the way of common cause .

Today the world watches us . In a sense, we are testing whether a developed na­tion and a developing nation--each with different traditions, each with different systems--can build a broad, enduring , constructive relationship. Certainly there will be serious barriers to overcome. But if we can work together, future genera­tions will thank us . If we fail, not only will our children suffer, the entire world will feel the consequences.

Diversity and stability are not new themes in Sino-American relations . Pres­ident Roosevelt once said this:

It is to the advantage--and not to the disadvantage--of other nations, when any nation becomes stable and prosperous; able to keep the peace within its own borders , and strong enough not to invite aggression from without. We heartily hope for the progress of China. And so far as by peaceable and legitimate means we are able, we will do our part toward furthering that progress.

It was a bright vision three generations ago, and subsequent events only post­poned the fulfillment of its promise . As we look to the future, let us resolve to rekindle the light of its insight.

Bureau of Public Affairs Office of Public Communication Editorial Division

September 1979

Postage and Fees Paid Department of State

STA-501

Third Class Bulk Rt. u.s. MAIL

;

REMARKS OF VICE PRESIDENT WALTER F. MONDALE BEIJING UNIVERSITY

August 28, 1979

[APPROPRIATE GREETING]

I bring you the warm greetings and the friendship of the President of the United States and the American people.

For an American of my generation, to visit the People's Republic of China is to touch the pulse of modern political history. For nearly three decades our nations stood separate and apart. But the ancient hunger for community unites humanity. It urges us to find common ground.

As one of your poets wrote over a thousand years ago, "We widen our view three hundred miles by ascending one flight of stairs." Together, we are widening our viewpoints. Together, we are ascending that flight of stairs.

Each day we take another significant step. This afternoon, for the first time an American political figure has the opportunity to speak directly to the citizens of the People's Republic of China.

PRAISE OF BEI-DA

I am especially honored to speak to you from this spot -­because the history of modern China is crystallized in the story of Beijing University and the other distinguished institutions you represent. At virtually every turning point in 20th century China, Bei-Da [Bay-DAH] has been the fulcrum.

Sixty years ago, it was at Bei-Da that the May 4th Movement began, launching an era of unprecedented intellectual ferment. It inaugurated an effort to modernize Chinese culture and society. It established a new meeting-ground for Eastern and Western cultures. And its framework of mutual respect sustains our own cultural cooperation today.

Forty-four years ago, Bei-Da was where the December 9th Movement galvanized a student generation to resist external aggression. And its message of sovereignty and world stability underpins our own political cooperation today.

As China looks to the future, once again it is Bei-Da and your other research centers which are leading the drive toward "the four modernizations." And the fit between your development goals and our own interests will provide the basis for our continuing economic cooperation.

WE SEEK MORE THAN FRIENDSHIP

Today, we find our two nations at a pivotal moment. We

2

have normalized our relations. The curtain has parted; the mystery is being dispelled. We are eager to know more about one another, to share the texture of our daily lives, to forge the human bonds of friendship.

That is a rich beginning. But it is only a beginning.

A modern China taking its place in the family of nations is engaged in a search not only for friendship, but also for security and development. A responsible America deepening its relations with China does so not only out of genuine sentiment, and not lonly out of natural curiosity. It does so in the same spirit of 8rinciples and self-interest that is the engine of mature relations among all modern states.

Our job today is to establish the basis for an e during relationship tomorrow. We could not have set that task ithout our friendship. But we cannot accomplish it with our friend hip alone.

THE CENTRAL MESSAGE

On behalf of President Carter, this is the message I carry to the people of China -- a message about America, its p rposes in the world, and its hopes for our relations with you.

The Americans are an historically confident peop in values. We cherish our fundamental beliefs in human and compassion, and social justice. We believe that our democratic system institutionalizes those values. The opportunitie_

1 available

to our citizens are incomparable. Our debates are vigordus and open. And the differences we air among ourselves -- Whe J her on strategic nuclear policy or on energy -- are signs of our society's enduring strength.

My country is blessed with unsurpassed natural r sources. Moreover, we also have the human resources -- the farmer and the scientists and the engineers and the industrialists and he financiers -- to transform those assets into abundance.

In the world community, we seek stability and pe ceo To secure those ends, we are determined to maintain adequate military strength. Together with our Japanese and Western allies, we will ensure that our defense expenditures are equal to the task -- as we have for forty years.

But we are more than a firm and reliable partner in world affairs. We also believe in a world of diversity.

For Sino-American relations, that means that we respect the distinctive qualities which the great Chinese people contribute to our relationship. And despite the sometimes profound differences between our two systems, we car committed to joining with you to advance our many parallel strategic and bilateral interests.

Thus any nation which seeks to weaken or isolate you in world affairs assumes a burden counter to American interests. That is why the United States normalized relations with you, and that is why we must work to broaden and strengthen those relations.

3

We must press forward now to widen and give specificity to our relations. The fundamental challenges we face are to build concrete political ties in the context of mutual security. to establish broad cultural relations in a framework of genuine equality ... and to forge practical economic bonds with the goal of common benefit.

As we give substance to our shared interests, we are investing in the future of our relationship. The more effectively we advance our agenda, the more bonds we build between us -- the more confident we can be that our relationship will endure.

And so what we accomplish today lays the groundwork for the decade ahead. The 1980s can find us working together -- and working with other nations -- to solve world problems. Enriching the global economy, maintaining stability, containing international conflicts: these goals must also be pursued from the perspective of our bilateral relationship. The deeper that relationship, the more successful that world-wide pursuit will be.

That is the agenda I have journeyed halfway round the world to pursue.

OUR RECORD THUS FAR

In the eight months since last January we have witnessed the rapid expansion of Sino-American relations.

We have reached a settlement on claims/assets and signed the Trade Agreement. Trade between our countries is expanding. American oil companies are helping you explore your off-shore oil reserves. Joint Commissions on Sino-American Economic Relations and on Scientific and Technical Exchange have been established. We have exchanged numerous governmental delegations, including the visits of many heads of our respective ministries and departments. And the flow of people between our two countries is reaching new heights.

We have gained a cooperative momentum. Together let us sustain and strengthen it.

For a strong and secure and modernizing China is also in the American interest in the decade ahead.

• In agriculture, your continued development not only provides a better life for the Chinese people. It also serves our interests -- for your gains in agriculture decrease your dependence on limited world food supplies.

• In trade, our interests are served by your expanding exports of natural resources and other products. And at the same time your interests are served by the purchases you can finance through those exports.

• As you industrialize, you provide a higher standard of living for your people. And at the same time our interests are served -- for narrowing the wealth gap between the developed and the developing world will alleviate a major source of global instability.

4

• Above all, both our political interests are served by your ability to deter others who might seek to impose themselves on you.

Efforts in the 1920s and 30s to keep China weak and disunified destabilized the entire world. For many years, China was a flash point of Great Power competition. But a confident China contributes to the maintenance of peace in the region. Today, the unprecedented and friendly relations among China, Japan, and the United States bring crucial stability to Northeast Asia.

That is why deepening our economic, cultural, and political relations is so important -- not only for your security, but for the stability of the world community.

ECONOMIC COOPERATION J

To advance our economic relationship, first, before the end of the year, President Carter will submit for the approval of the U. S. Congress the Trade Agreement we reached with you. Submission of this Agreement is not linked to any other issue.

Second, I will be signing an agreement on development of hydroelectric energy in the People's Republic of China. ' U. S. Government agencies are now ready to help develop China's hydroelectric power on a compensatory basis.

Third, in conjunction with settlement of our public claims, and pending Congressional approval, the U. S. will be prepared to extend Export-Import Bank loans to the PRC on a case-by-case basis, up to a total of $2 billion over a five-year period.

Fourth, the Carter Administration will submit legislation to the Congress to entitle American businessmen to avail themselves of OPIC guarantees.

We hope that the Chinese side would also exert its maximum efforts so that we can reach textile, maritime, and civil aviation agreements in the shortest possible time.

CULTURAL COOPERATION

As we advance our cultural relationship, universities will again be a crucial meeting-ground between Chinese and Americans, just as they were in an earlier era.

Today, gifted Chinese scholars study in America, and American scholars -- many of whom I am delighted to see here today -- study in China. That exchange inherits a distinguished tradition. On campuses all across the United States, Americans who lectured and studied in China in the 1930s and 40s today are invigorating our own intellectual life. At the same time, we are proud that Chinese scholars who studied American agronomy, engineering, and medicine have been able to contribute the talent they gained in our country to the progress of Chinese society.

5

It is a mutual relationship -- a true reciprocity -- we are now engaged in building. From us, you will learn our science and technology. Our anthropologists and archaeologists have tools to share with you as you explore your own past. Our social scientists and humanists have insights to offer -- a keen understanding of our institutions and values.

And with your help, we intend to broaden our own horizons. Chinese research pioneers in key areas, from medical burn therapy, to earthquake prediction -- and we want to learn these skills from you. Where the progress of science requires global cooperation -- in astronomy, in oceanography, in meteorology our common efforts can benefit the world. And our social scientists and humanists have hardly begun to share your understanding of history, of social change, and of human potential.

POLITICAL COOPERATION IN A CHANGING WORLD

Strong bilateral relations mean that both of us can foster the world community we seek -- a world that respects diversity and welcomes constructive change.

Today, there are 162 nations in the world, most of them poor. Eighty percent of the world's population live in developing countries. Every day, people in these nations are lifting their heads to demand independence and justice. Every day, efforts by rulers to oppress their people are meeting increasing resistance. Governments are coming to understand not only the necessity, but also the fundamental wisdom and decency of protecting the rights of their people through law.

When political power is more equitably shared within nations; when that power shifts from the few to the many among nations; when an era of colonialism gives way to a more just international order -- these changes deserve world-wide support.

Only a few years ago, as the preeminent military and economic power in the world, the United States faced a fundamental choice. Were we to resist those winds of change, attaining our national security by defending the status quo? Were we to collude with a few other countries in an effort to dominate the world? Or were we to welcome change, to make the necessary adjustments, and to help shape a more just world order?

Let there be no doubt about the choice my country has made. The United States believes that any effort by one country to dominate another is doomed to failure. Neither by relying exclusively on an increasing stock of arms, nor by direct or indirect military intervention, can any nation hope to attain lasting security. On the contrary, nations which embark on that course will find themselves increasingly isolated and vulnerable.

And nothing more vividly demonstrates our belief in those principles than the normalization of Sino-American relations. Normalization signals our understanding that American security in the years ahead will be attained not by maintaining the status quo; not by colluding for purposes of domination; but by fostering a world of diverse and independent nations with whom we can build positive relations.

I

6

Thus we share with you another interest -- a peaceful world in which we can address our domestic challenges. The basic issues that face our two countries -- energy, food, health, resource / management -- face all humanity. They cannot be solved in isolation. / What one nation does -- or fails to do -- affects us all.

In a world that hopes to find new energy sources in off-shore petroleum deposits, peace is essential. In a world that aims to eliminate hunger and disparities in wealth, global equilibrium is vital. In a world that is working to eradicate communicable diseases and to safeguard our environment, international cooperation is crucial.

Last month, China and the United States joined other U.N. nations in Geneva to confront the agony of the Indochinese refugees. The enormity of their human tragedy defies the imagination. In a world that seeks to alleviate such suffering -- suffering that transcends national boundaries -- the way of conscience is the way of common cause.

To secure that peace, to maintain that equilibrium, to promote that cooperation, to make that common cause -- the united States is totally committed.

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