Spectrum as a shared resource - AGL (Above Ground … as a shared resource ... Cisco VNI Global IP...
Transcript of Spectrum as a shared resource - AGL (Above Ground … as a shared resource ... Cisco VNI Global IP...
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Spectrum as a shared resourceLight-licensing models for 3.5 GHz band open new ways to deploy and operate networks
Monica Paolini, Senza Fili
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CBRS: the cheat sheet
January 26, 2017
CBRS is a bold experiment in regulation, with implications beyond 3.5 GHz and beyond US
3.5 GHz band TDD-LTEUp to 150 MHz
(depends on location)
Multiple users coordinate use of
spectrum
Dynamic spectrum allocation
Not unlicensed:Protected access
Opportunistic(not guaranteed)use of spectrum
Industry groups: WinnForum,
CBRS Alliance
Neutral host as deployment
model
Challenges: co-existence,
devices
Questions: role of MNOs, MSOs
Venue owners have large role in
spectrum use
Excellent for indoor small cells
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Shared spectrum innovation (and disruption) from learning in licensed and unlicensed spectrum
January 26, 2017
How to increase spectrum utilization: technology, but also regulation and business models
Licensed
spectrum
Unlicensed
spectrum
Sharedspectrum
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Unlicensed spectrum has been a huge success storyin spectrum utilization
January 26, 2017
…even though spectral efficiency for unlicensed technologies is lower than for licensed ones
Source: Cisco VNI Global IP Traffic Forecast, 2015-20
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SOME REGULATORY ASPECTS
3.5 GHz Band
January 26, 2017
Colby Harper, Pathfinder Wireless
U.S. 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS)
• Spectrum Management Macro Trends & Bodies
• The new U.S. 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) Band• 150 MHz, 3 Access Tiers, Spectrum Sharing, & Hybrid Licensing
• Functional Architecture
• Timeline Overview
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Spectrum Management Regulatory Macro Trends
• Across the globe, the overall historical national spectrum regulatory authority trend is to open up what was once locked down and static.• Rigid > Flexible uses, radio technologies, and allocations
• Centralized to > Increasingly decentralized systems
• Homogeneity to > Heterogeneity…in frequency, geography, and time
• Moves the overall system from static hierarchical complexity to a dynamic complexity
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
New bands, new hybrid licensing approaches
• 4G/5G 3.5 GHz CBRS, 5G 28GHz and higher
• Evolving licensing approaches
Courtesy: Qualcomm
3.5 GHz CBRS
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Who makes the rules? Spectrum Regulatory Bodies
International: ITU-R
NA: Treaty
US: FCC / NTIA
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
US: FCC / NTIA… …and ALSO, for 3.5GHz Band, the WInnForum’s
Spectrum Sharing Committee
Spectrum Regulatory/Management Bodies ? (!)
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Spectrum Regulatory/Management Bodies ? (!)
City of Bellevue
State of WA
Seahawks Stadium Owners
Bellevue Square Mall
Marriott
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City of Bellevue
…& his car
Marriott
This guy & his phone
Spectrum Regulatory/Management Bodies ? (!)
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U.S. 3.5GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) Band
• Novel 3-tier spectrum sharing of 150 MHz (!) from 3550-3700 MHz, in a hybrid licensing regime
• FCC’s new Part 96 rules created this new spectrum band authorizing advanced spectrum sharing among commercial and federal users
• Allows both Priority Access Licensees (PALs) and General Authorized Access (GAA) users to share dynamically with incumbent users.
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
CBRS: 3 Access Tiers
Courtesy: Ruckus Wireless
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
CBRS: 3 Access Tiers1st Tier: Incumbent primary users, primarily government:
• Dynamic priority access over all secondary users (only during operating times)• Interference protection from PAL & GAA
• 100 MHz from 3550-3650 MHz with perpetual Federal & Fixed Satellite Service incumbents• 50 MHz from 3650-3700 MHz with Part 90 Wireless Broadband Service incumbents, who
must transition to CBRS Part 96
and 2 levels of secondary users:• 2nd Tier: PAL/Primary Access Licensees
• Priority access over 3rd tier GAA for licensed geographic area & channel(s) to be acquired at auction• Licensed area is census tract, w/ 3+3 year initial license term; 3 years thereafter
• ~74,000 census tracts in US
• Interference protection from GAA
• No more than 70 of 150 MHz
• 3rd Tier: GAA/General Authorized Access • Licensed-by-rule or “Lightly-licensed”. Somewhat like Part 15, though radio base station operations must
be authorized initially and on-going by a CBRS Spectrum Access System (SAS)
• No presumption of Interference protection
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What’s a Spectrum Access System (SAS)?
• A CBRS SAS controls channels/frequency resources in same geographic area and time
• There are currently 7 SAS Administrators conditionally approved by the FCC
• Collectively, the SAS’s are cohabiting coarse-grained spectrum managers, allocating spectrum resources to fine grained controllers—like LTE & 5G Systems & their eNodeB’s—that otherwise are not required to be aware of each other
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CBRS: SAS Functional Architecture
GREEN = UNOFFICIAL COMMENTARY
UEUE
EUD
PAL Licensed&/OR
GAA Licensed
… Indoor &/OR Outdoor
• EUD: End User Device (A device authorized and controlled by an authorized CBSD)
• Category B CBSD: Higher power, outdoor only, certified installer only
• Category A CBSD: Lower power, indoor/outdoor, self-install allowed
• CBSD’s & EUD’s mostly technology agnostic. Can be LTE LAA, MulteFire, 5G, & Other TBD
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CBRS: Opening up coastal metro’s via ESC use
<<< Static Exclusion Zones were revised, allowing 3.5GHz band use in far more places, thanks to FCC, NTIA, & DOD collaboration.
• When an ESC (Environmental Sensing Capability) is approved and enabled, Exclusion Zones will be made available for SAS-coordinated dynamic sharing with Tier 1 incumbents.
• This opens up the large coastal metro markets.
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
January 26 2017 © Pathfinder Wireless 2017
CBRS Timeline Overview
PCAST Report’s
3-tier spectrum sharing
recommendation
(July 2012)
FCC CBRS Part 96 NPRM’s
(December 2012
& April 2014)
WInnForumSpectrum Sharing
Committee Charter
(February 2015)
FCC CBRS Part 96 Rules
(April 2015)
FCC Conditional Approval of 7
SAS Administrators
(December 2016)
SSC Testing & Cert Spec
(~May 2017)
Continued Trials
(2017)
FCC ESC Operators approval
(TBD)
FCC PAL Auction
(TBD)
Commercial Trials &
Launches
(TBD ~2017/18)
The WInnForum Spectrum Sharing Committee is the FCC-approved multi-stakeholder group chartered with developing the solutions and technical standards for this novel three-tier framework
TODAY
Advanced LTE & 5Gtelecommunications
consulting
Contact: Colby [email protected] 206 409 5767
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CBRS and shared spectrum continue the trend towards integration of licensed and unlicensed access
January 26, 2017
5G will expand flexible spectrum use, to shared and unlicensed models
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CBRS unleashes 150 MHz of shared spectrum:opportunistic use, but still very valuable
January 26, 2017
Limited propagation of 3.5 GHz becomes an advantage in dense networks
Source: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
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Coordinated access from multiple usersrequires a new network topology
January 26, 2017
Effective coordination is crucial to success of CBRS – open questions on what best approach is
Source: Federated Wireless
• SAS = Spectrum allocation server
• ESC = Environmental Sensing Capability
• SAS applicants:
– Amdocs
– Comsearch
– CTIA
– Federated Wireless
– Keybridge
– Sony
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Venue owners get stronger role with CBRS
January 26, 2017
Service providers have to work with venue owners to benefit from CBRS
Venue owners have to work with service providers to benefit from CBRS
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CBRS is an excellent opportunity for indoor densification
• No interference with macro network
• Up to 150 MHz of spectrum
• High spectrum reuse
• Neutral host model well suited to combine
– Venue owner desire to have max coverage, multiple service providers, min equipment
– Service provider desire to have indoor coverage, with min cost
• Opportunity to address mid-sized venues
• Venue owners may pay for deployment
– Bigger control on network (less for service provider)
January 26, 2017
…but the opportunity can only be realized in cooperation with licensed LTE and Wi-Fi
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy
Consumption and Efficiency Statistics
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CBRS Alliance members
January 26, 2017
A broad ecosystem is emerging – but what about the enterprise / venue owners?
Source: CBRS Alliance
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Who will be the service providers for CBRS access?
January 26, 2017
Multiple options: much of CBRS innovation may come from service providers
Mobile operators
Cable operators
Venue owners
MVNOs
Municipalities Neutral hosts OTTs Others?
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Looking ahead: shared spectrum regimefits new network topologies with coordinated access
January 26, 2017
New topologies integrate a licensed anchor to other bands for integrated, opportunistic access
China Mobile, Chih-Lin:No-more-cells user-centric model
DOCOMO:Phantom cells
Source: DOCOMOSource: China Mobile
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… and back to small cells, the topic of the day
January 26, 2017
• Recent report on densification
– Analyst report on RAN evolution towards massively densified networks: drivers, technologies, market requirements
– 13 in-depth video/transcribed interviews with report sponsors, operators and enterprises
• Download the report on RCR Wireless News and Senza Fili website and sent to webinar participants
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Senza Fili provides advisory support on wireless data technologies and services. At Senza Fili we have in depth expertise in financial modelling, market forecasts and research, white paper preparation, business plan support, RFP preparation and management, due diligence, and training. Our client base is international and spans the entire value chain: clients include wireline, fixed wireless, and mobile operators, enterprises and other vertical players, vendors, system integrators, investors, regulators, and industry associations. We provide a bridge between technologies and services, helping our clients assess established and emerging technologies, leverage these technologies to support new or existing services, and build solid, profitable business models. Independent advice, a strong quantitative orientation, and an international perspective are the hallmarks of our work. For additional information, visit www.senzafiliconsulting.com, or contact us at [email protected] or +1 425 657 4991.
Monica Paolini, PhD, is the founder and president of Senza Fili. She is an expert in wireless technologies and has helped clients worldwide to understand technology and customer requirements, evaluate business plan opportunities, market their services and products, and estimate the market size and revenue opportunity of new and established wireless technologies. She has frequently been invited to give presentations at conferences and has written several reports and articles on wireless broadband technologies. She has a PhD in cognitive science from the University of California, San Diego (US), an MBA from the University of Oxford (UK), and a BA/MA in philosophy from the University of Bologna (Italy). You can contact Monica at [email protected].