بسم الله

الرحمن الرحيم

عبدالمحسن المدلله •عبدالرحمن الزيدي•عبدالله الوليعي •

SPECT • A Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

(SPECT) scan is a type of nuclear imaging test that shows how blood flows to tissues and organs, which means it uses a radioactive substance and a special camera(gamma camera) to create 3-D pictures.

• The radioisotopes typically used in SPECT are iodine-123, technetium-99m, xenon-133, and fluorine-18. These radioactive forms of natural elements will pass safely through your body and be detected by the scanner.

• The test differs from a PET scan in that the tracer stays in your blood stream rather than being absorbed by surrounding tissues, thereby limiting the images to areas where blood flows. SPECT scans are cheaper and more readily available than higher resolution PET scans.

SPECT PET

lower cost very expensive

uses gamma emitting radioisotope (tracer)

uses positron emitting radioisotope (tracer)

less contrast and spatial resolution better contrast and spatial resolution

Component of SPECT

SPECT scan for brain . The temporal lobe on the left side of the brain shows less blood flow than the right.

EXAMPLES OF CLINICAL OR RESEARCHAPPLICATIONS

Indications for SPECT/CT include but are not limited toimaging of the following:

A. TumorsB. Thyroid disordersC. Parathyroid disordersD. Skeleton disordersE. Inflammation or infectionF. Lymphatic systemG. Heart disordersH. Brain disordersI. Other organs

PROCEDURE

A. Patient Preparation:

1. Pregnancy and breast-feeding:2. Before arrival: duration / position3. Before injection: organ / fetous

B. Information Pertinent to Performing Procedure1. A focused relevant history related to the type of SPECT study performed2. Patient’s ability to lie still for the duration of the acquisition (15–45 min)3. History of claustrophobia4. Patient’s ability to put his or her arms overhead, if applicable

C. Precautions: metallic objectD. Radiopharmaceutical: what are we need?E. Image Acquisition: arm position / kidneyG. Processing: H. Interpretation Criteria:I. Reporting:J. Quality Control:

ADVANTAGES• Can diagnose several diseases that are very harmful for the people.• Some medical institutions are already using it as the most effective

treatment for all kinds of cancer diseases and conditions.• Can scan the most sensitive parts of the body of a person just in

case a serious disease is already developing in it.• With the use of this type of medicine, physician can easily perform

their responsibility in treating their patients.• Localization of defects is more precise and more clearly seen by

the inexperienced eye.• Able to provide true 3D information • Images free of background.

DISADVANTAGES

• Requires huge amount of investment. Its facilities are very expensive.

• It produces mild radiation. If its users are not careful, it can develop cancer in the health of several patients.

• It is not advisable for pregnant patients, although some medical institutions have protective tools to use to stop radiation from entering the body of a patient.

CONCLUSION

• SPECT being a nuclear medicine imaging modality , it has all the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear medicine can be highly beneficial or dangerous on the application , so is SPECT .

• In spite of this , Today , nearly all cardiac patients receive a planar ECT or SPECT as part of their work-up to detect and stage coronary artery disease.

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