Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry · 2019-06-07 · coenzyme & co-factors. Enumerate the...

Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry

Competency Based Medical Education

PREAMBLE We, the Department of Biochemistry, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai are pleased to share the most awaited compilation of the Specific Learning Objectives (SLOs) in the subject of Biochemistry. This would help keeping uniformity in delivering the New Curriculum of Competency Based Medical Education (CBME), to be implemented from the AY 2019-2020. Your valuable suggestions are saluted to assure continuous improvement of the new curriculum and its delivery.

Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai

Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry Competency Based Medical Education ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai

Compiled By:

1) Dr. Anita Chalak, MD MPhil PhD, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai 2) Dr. Yogesh R. Pawade, MD DNB GSMC-FAIMER Fellow, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai 3) Dr. Trupti D. Ramteke, MD DNB, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai

Designed By:

Dr. Yogesh R. Pawade Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai

© 2019 by Department of Biochemistry Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital Mumbai. Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

http://in.linkedin.com/in/yogeshpawade

Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry Competency Based Medical Education ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Department of Biochemistry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Mumbai Page 1 of 52 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

*Font Colour Codes: (1) Green: First Term, (2) Blue: Second Term and (3) Orange: Third Term

Competency No.

Competency Specific Learning Objective Domain Level Core Teaching Methods

Assessment Methods

Integration Alignment

At the end of the session, Phase-I MBBS Students shall be able to

K/S/A/C K/ KH/ S/ SH/ P

Y/N Nesting/ Correlation/ Sharing

(Yes/ No)

BI 1.1 Describe the molecular and functional organization of a cell and its subcellular components.

(1) explain the structure and functions of cell membrane with suitable diagram

K KH Y L SAQ, Sharing with Anatomy and Physiology

Physiology

(2) explain the structure and functions of sub-cellular organelles with suitable diagrams

K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Sharing with Anatomy and Physiology

Physiology

(3) describe different types of transport mechanisms across the cell membrane with suitable diagrams

K KH Y L SAQ, Sharing with Anatomy and Physiology

Physiology

(4) enumerate the disorders related to integrity or functions of cell membrane and subcellular organelles

K K Y L MCQ, Sharing with Anatomy and Physiology

Physiology

BI 2.1 Explain fundamental concepts of enzyme, isoenzyme, alloenzyme, coenzyme & co-factors. Enumerate the main classes of IUBMB nomenclature.

(1) define enzyme, isoenzyme, alloenzyme, coenzyme and co-factor

K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, Viva No No

(2) classify enzymes with suitable examples using IUB classification (7 Classes) in correct order of classes

K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

LAQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) explain isoenzymes with their salient features and at least 3 examples


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) explain the role of coenzymes in enzyme action with suitable examples


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(5) explain the functions of coenzymes with suitable examples K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, Viva, No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(6) enumerate various cofactors required in metabolic reactions K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, Viva No No

BI 2.2 Observe the estimation of SGOT & SGPT.

(1) document the importance of steps in estimation of SGOT and SGPT referring to the given test estimation protocol

K KH Y LCD, DOAP SAQ, Viva No No

BI 2.3 Describe and explain the basic principles of enzyme activity.

(1) describe various mechanisms of enzyme activity K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe the factors affecting the velocity of enzyme reaction and the importance of Vmax & Km


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe the mechanisms responsible for regulation of enzyme activity


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe various specificities of enzyme action with examples


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 2.4 Describe and discuss enzyme inhibitors as poisons and drugs and as therapeutic enzymes.

(1) describe reversible (competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive) and irreversible (substrate analogue, group specific & suicide) types of enzyme inhibitors with examples


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe various enzyme inhibitors as therapeutic drugs and poisons with examples


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

Nesting with General Medicine

No

BI 2.5 Describe and discuss the clinical utility of various serum enzymes as markers of

(1) define plasma derived and cell derived serum enzymes with examples

K K Yes L MCQ, SAQ, Viva, Spots

No No

(2) explain mechanism of presence of cell enzymes in serum/ plasma

K KH Yes L, SGT, P MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, Spots

General Medicine (Nesting & Correlation)

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

pathological conditions.

(3) explain possible mechanism of abnormal levels of serum enzymes in pathological conditions

K KH Yes L, SGT, P MCQ, SAQ, Lab report, Viva, Spots, CCC


No

(4) enumerate the enzymes used as markers of pathological conditions minimum 10 enzymes

K K Yes L, SGT, P MCQ, SAQ, Viva, Spots

General Medicine (Nesting)

No

(5) list the isoenzymes used as markers of pathological conditions minimum 3 isoenzymes

K K Yes L, SGT, P MCQ, SAQ, Viva, Spots


No

(6) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used as markers of myocardial infarction using pattern of raised biochemical markers with respect to time of myocardial infarction correctly

K KH Yes L, SGT, P, CCD

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, Spots, CCC


No

(7) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used for diagnosis of liver and hepatobiliary diseases

K KH Yes L, SGT, P, CCD

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, Spots, CCC


No

(8) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used for diagnosis of pancreatic pathologies

K KH Yes L, SGT, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva, Spots, CCC


No

(9) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used for diagnosis of muscle diseases



No

(10) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used for diagnosis of bone diseases



No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(11) describe the enzymes and isoenzymes used as tumour markers in malignancies

K KH Yes L, SGT, MCQ, SAQ, Viva, Spots


No

BI 2.6 Discuss use of enzymes in laboratory investigations (Enzyme-based assays).

(1) enumerate enzymes used as laboratory reagents for laboratory investigations with at least 3 examples

K K Yes L, SGT, P MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) explain the principles of all enzyme based assays K KH Yes SGT, P MCQ, Viva, No No

(3) name the enzymes used as labels (tags) in recombinant DNA technology and ELISA

K K Yes L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) explain principle of enzymes used as labels K KH Yes L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

BI 2.7 Interpret laboratory results of enzyme activities & describe the clinical utility of various enzymes as markers of pathological conditions.

(1) enlist the tissue of origin of various enzymes accurately K K Y L, Practical MCQ, Viva No No

(2) enumerate the normal ranges of various serum enzymes of cardiac, skeletal muscle, hepatobiliary system, pancreas, prostate, intestine, salivary gland, fallopian tube and bone accurately

K K Y Practical MCQ, Viva No No

(3) advice the relevant enzymatic investigations to be done in the given pathological conditions accurately

K KH Y Practical, CCD

MCQ, Viva, SAQ, CCC


No

(4) interpret the laboratory results of the various serum enzymes of cardiac, skeletal muscle, hepatobiliary system, pancreas, prostate, intestine, salivary gland, fallopian tube and bone in pathological conditions accurately

K KH Y L, CCD MCQ, Viva, SAQ, CCC


No

BI 3.1 Discuss and differentiate

(1) define carbohydrates accurately K K Y L MCQ, Viva, SAQ

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

monosaccharides, di-saccharides and polysaccharides giving examples of main carbohydrates as energy fuel, structural element and storage in the human body.

(2) classify carbohydrates with examples accurately K KH Y L MCQ, Viva, SAQ, LAQ,

No No

(3) describe monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides as an energy source with examples correctly

K KH Y L MCQ, Viva, SAQ, LAQ,

No No

(4) describe polysaccharides as a storage form in human body (Starch Vs Glycogen) with examples accurately

K KH Y L MCQ, Viva, SAQ,

No No

(5) describe polysaccharides as structural elements in the human body accurately


No No

(6) differentiate monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides as an energy source with examples


No No

(7) describe polysaccharides as a storage form in human body with examples


No No

(8) describe polysaccharides as structural elements in the human body


No No

BI 3.2 Describe the processes involved in storage of carbohydrates and its utilization.

(1) explain the process of glycogenesis with its regulation [Also covered in detail in Competency BI 3.4]


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(2) explain the process of Glycogenolysis with its regulation [Also covered in detail in Competency BI 3.4]


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

BI 3.3 Describe and discuss the digestion and assimilation of

(1) describe the mechanisms responsible for the digestion and assimilation of carbohydrates from food in detail

K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

Sharing with Physiology

No

(2) describe the various soluble and non-soluble carbohydrates (fibre) present in the diet with its clinical importance and examples


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

carbohydrates from food.

(3) describe the enzyme deficient, biochemical basis of clinical features and management modalities for lactose intolerance

K KH Y L, CCD SAQ, MCQ, Viva, MEQ, CCC

Nesting with Paediatrics

No

BI 3.4 Define and differentiate the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen metabolism, HMP shunt).

(1) describe the process of glycolysis (aerobic and anaerobic) with energetics and proper sequence of metabolic reactions


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(2) describe the reactions of substrate level phosphorylation in glycolytic pathway

K KH Y L Seminar, Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe Rapaport-Leubering cycle with its clinical significance


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(4) describe the biochemical importance of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(5) describe the process and clinical significance of gluconeogenesis (includes Cori's Cycle and Glucose-Alanine Cycle) from all 5 precursors in correct sequence of metabolic reactions


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(6) explain the regulation of gluconeogenesis K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No

(7) describe the process of glycogenesis with regulatory enzymes and proper sequence of metabolic reactions

K KH Y L, Seminar Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(8) describe the process of Glycogenolysis with regulatory enzymes and proper sequence of metabolic reactions


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(9) explain the regulation of glycogen metabolism K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No

(10) Describe the process of HMP shunt with its clinical significance


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(11) describe the clinical manifestations of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency and its association with Malaria

K KH Y L, Seminar, CCD

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(12) explain the antioxidant role of NADPH K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

BI 3.5 Describe and discuss the regulation and integration of carbohydrate metabolism along with associated diseases/ disorders.

(1) describe regulation of carbohydrate metabolism K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(2) describe the inter-relationship amongst various pathways of carbohydrate metabolism in major tissues of the body


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(3) describe the etio-pathogenesis and management of diseases/ disorders in which carbohydrate metabolism gets deranged (Glycogen Storage Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, Fructose Intolerance, Galactosemia, G6PD Deficiency, etc.)

K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial, CCD

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ, CCC

Correlation with a linker case (DM), Nesting with Medicine and Paediatrics

No

BI 3.6 Describe and discuss the concept of TCA cycle as an amphibolic pathway and its regulation.

(1) describe the process of TCA Cycle with its energetics and proper sequence of metabolic reactions


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(2) explain the amphibolic nature of TCA cycle K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(3) describe the regulation of TCA Cycle K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial,

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(4) explain anaplerotic reactions K KH Y L, Tutorial, Seminar

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

BI 3.7 Describe the common poisons that inhibit crucial

(1) describe the action of various poisons which inhibit enzymes of glycolysis and TCA cycle

K KH Y L, Seminar SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism (e.g. fluoride, arsenate).

BI 3.8 Discuss and interpret laboratory results of analytes associated with metabolism of carbohydrates.

(1) enumerate the laboratory tests associated with carbohydrate metabolism

K K Y L, Practical SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe the role of glycosylated hemoglobin in management of Diabetes Mellitus


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Medicine

No

(3) explain the clinical significance of laboratory tests done in Glycogen Storage Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, Fructose Intolerance, Galactosemia, G6PD Deficiency, etc.


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

(4) interpret laboratory reports of investigations done in Glycogen Storage Disorders, Diabetes Mellitus, Fructose Intolerance, Lactose Intolerance, Galactosemia, etc.


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

BI 3.9 Discuss the mechanism and significance of blood glucose regulation in health and disease.

(1) describe the mechanism of regulation of blood glucose K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(2) describe the clinical significance of regulation of blood glucose


SAQ, MCQ, Viva

No No

(3) interpret results of blood glucose level in health and diseases (Normal levels, DM, Other hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic Conditions)

K KH Y Practical, Seminar, CCD

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

BI 3.10 Interpret the results of blood glucose levels and

(1) state the normal levels of blood glucose in fasting, post-prandial and random samples using correct units

K K Y SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting with General medicine

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

other laboratory investigations related to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.

(2) interpret the result of blood glucose level in hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia referring to the Normal Reference Range

K KH Y SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting General medicine

No

(3) describe hormonal regulation of blood glucose level at receptor level

K KH Y SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(4) describe regulation of blood glucose level at enzyme level K KH Y SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(5) describe the principle, pre-requisites and indications of OGTT with its application and interpretation

K KH Y SGD, CCD, LCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting with General medicine and OBGY

No

(6) explain the process of glycosylation of hemoglobin in brief K KH Y SGD, CCD, LCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(7) mention Normal Reference Range of HbA1c and interpret its role in management of diabetes mellitus


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(8) describe the pre-requisites of investigating serum insulin and its application and interpretation


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(9) describe the pre-requisites of investigating serum c-peptide and its application and interpretation


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(10) explain glycosuria and its relation with diabetes mellitus K KH Y SGD, CCD, LCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

BI 4.1 Describe and discuss main classes of lipids (Essential/non-essential fatty acids, cholesterol and hormonal steroids, triglycerides, major phospholipids and sphingolipids) relevant to human system and their major functions.

(1) classify lipids with suitable examples K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) explain simple lipids with examples and functions K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) explain essential fatty acids with its functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) differentiate between essential and non-essential fatty acids K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(5) describe triglycerides with its functions K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(6) describe phospholipids with their functions K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(7) describe structure and functions of cholesterol K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(8) describe functions of hormonal steroids (Vitamin D, Oestrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone, Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids)


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


Yes

(9) explain clinical role of PUFA K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting with General medicine and Dermatology

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 4.2 Describe the processes involved in digestion and absorption of dietary lipids and also the key features of their metabolism.

(1) describe digestion and absorption of dietary lipids K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

sharing with physiology

With Physiology

(2) describe abnormalities of digestion and absorption of dietary lipids

K KH Y L, CCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(3) explain the role of bile salts in digestion and absorption of lipids

K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(4) describe beta oxidation of fatty acids with its regulation and energetics


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

No No

(5) describe de novo synthesis of fatty acids with its regulation and energetics



No No

(6) describe metabolism and significance of ketone bodies in starvation and diabetes mellitus


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(7) describe lipid metabolism in well-fed state K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(8) describe alterations in lipid metabolism during starvation K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD



No

(9) describe lipid metabolism in adipose tissue K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(10) describe metabolic changes in obesity and metabolic syndrome with reference to lipid profile


MCQ, SAQ, MEQ, Viva, CCC


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(11) describe fatty liver and role of lipotropic factors in its prevention




No

(12) describe biosynthesis of cholesterol with its regulation K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(13) describe biological role of cholesterol and its clinical significance




No

BI 4.3 Explain the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism & associated disorders.

(1) describe synthesis and regulation of lipoprotein metabolism in different tissues



No No

(2) describe different types of Apo-proteins associated with lipoproteins


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) describe hypolipoproteinemias with its management K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD



No

BI 4.4 Describe the structure and functions of lipoproteins, their inter-relationship amongst different lipoproteins in relation to atherosclerosis.

(1) enlist various lipoproteins and separation methods K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) explain the structure/ composition/ characteristics of different lipoproteins with suitable diagram


MCQ, SAQ, No No

(3) explain the functions of different lipoproteins K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, No No

(4) explain the inter-relationship amongst different lipoproteins with reference to atherosclerosis


MCQ, SAQ, Nesting with Medicine

No

(5) explain the role of lipoproteins in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis


MCQ, SAQ, Nesting with Pathology

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(6) explain the role of homocysteine in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis


MCQ, SAQ, Nesting with Pathology

No

(7) describe atherosclerosis with its risk factors, etiology, metabolic changes, management and preventive measures


MCQ, SAQ, MEQ, CCC

Nesting with Pathology and Medicine

No

BI 4.5 Interpret laboratory results of analytes associated with metabolism of lipids.

(1) interpret the lipid profile report K KH Y LCD, CCD, Lab Reports

MCQ, SAQ, CCC


No

(2) write the clinical significance of atherogenic index (TG/HDL) using lipid profile report

K KH Y LCD, CCD, Lab Reports

MCQ, SAQ, CCC


No

(3) write the clinical significance of LDL/HDL ratio using lipid profile report


MCQ, SAQ, CCC


No

(4) explain the clinical significance of lipoprotein (a) in cardiovascular disease


MCQ, SAQ, CCC


No

BI 4.6 Describe the therapeutic uses of prostaglandins and inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis.

(1) define eicosanoids K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) classify eicosanoids K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) explain the synthesis of eicosanoids in brief K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe the inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe the therapeutic uses of prostaglandins K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Sharing with Pharmacology

No

(6) describe the therapeutic uses of inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis

K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Sharing with Pharmacology

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 4.7 Interpret laboratory results of analytes associated with metabolism of lipids.

repeat competency (see BI 4.5)

BI 5.1 Describe and discuss structural organization of proteins.

(1) define the term 'amino acid K K Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) enlist all 22 amino acids incorporated in protein structure K K Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) classify amino acids based on various criteria (structure and nutrition) giving suitable examples

K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) explain the concept of charge on the amino acids, isoelectric pH, amphoteric nature of amino acids and its importance


No No

(5) define the terms peptide, protein, configuration and conformation

K K Y L SAQ, Viva, No No

(6) classify proteins based on various criteria giving suitable examples


No No

(7) describe the various orders of protein structure with suitable diagrams and examples along with stabilizing forces

K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

No No

(8) describe the process of protein folding and role of chaperones

K KH N L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, Viva, No No

(9) describe prions w.r.t. the etio-pathogenesis and clinical features of prion diseases

K KH Y Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

Nesting with Pathology,

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

Internal Medicine

(10) enlist the methods of determination of protein structure K K N SDL MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

BI 5.2 Describe and discuss functions of proteins and structure-function relationships in relevant areas e.g., hemoglobin and selected hemoglobinopathies.

(1) enumerate various biologically important peptides K K Y L, Tutorial SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(2) state functions of biologically important peptides K KH Y L, Seminar Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(3) classify proteins based on their functions with suitable examples (all functional classes are to be listed with at least one example each)


SAQ,MCQ, Viva,

No No

(4) describe the structure of insulin, collagen and hemoglobin K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Sharing with Physiology (haematology)

Yes with Physiology (haematology)

(5) explain the functions of hemoglobin and emphasize the structural attributes responsible for it

K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

Nesting with Physiology


(6) classify abnormal haemoglobins with examples K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

Nesting with Pathology


(7) explain the structural abnormality and the resultant functional alteration

K KH Y SGD MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva,

No Yes with Physiology (haematology)


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(8) explain the molecular basis of sickling and describe the clinical features investigations and principles of management of sickle cell anaemia

K KH Y SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, CC

Nesting with Medicine and paediatrics.

No

(9) explain the molecular basis of various types of thalassemia and describe the clinical features, investigations and principles of management

K KH Y L, SGD, CCD MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Medicine and paediatrics.

No

BI 5.3 Describe the digestion and absorption of dietary proteins.

(1) enumerate the principal proteins present in the foodstuffs K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) explain the process of digestion of proteins with its abnormalities


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) explain the process of absorption of amino acids with its abnormalities


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) explain the factors causing food allergy K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, Viva, Nesting with Medicine and Paediatrics

No

(5) explain Hartnup's disease K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD

Viva, CCC Nesting with Medicine and Paediatrics

No

BI 5.4 Describe common disorders associated with protein metabolism.

(1) describe the disorders of aromatic amino acid metabolism K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD


Nesting with Medicine and Paediatrics

No

(2) describe the disorders of sulphur containing amino acid metabolism




No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(3) describe the disorders of branched chain amino acid metabolism


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(4) describe the disorders of other individual amino acid metabolism


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(6) describe the synthesis, fate of ammonia and related disorders




No

BI 5.5 Interpret laboratory results of analytes associated with metabolism of proteins.

(1) interpret the result of chromatogram for diagnosis of aminoaciduria


MCQ, Viva, Charts

No No

(2) enumerate the lab investigations to diagnose phenylketonuria, alkaptonuria, tyrosinemia, Hartnup's disease, cystinuria, cystinosis, homocystinurias, maple syrup urine disease

K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CC

No No

(3) interpret the lab investigations to diagnose phenylketonuria, alkaptonuria, tyrosinemia, Hartnup's disease, cystinuria, cystinosis, homocystinurias, maple syrup urine disease


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CC

No No

BI 6.1 Discuss the metabolic processes that take place in specific organs in the body in the fed and fasting states.

(1) describe the stages of metabolism in fed state K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe organ specialized integration of metabolism (liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle & brain) in fed state


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe interrelationships between the metabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipids & proteins in fed state


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe the stages of metabolism in fasting state K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(5) describe organ specialized adaptation in integration of metabolism of carbohydrate, lipids & proteins (liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle & brain) in fasting state


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(6) describe metabolic changes during different stages of starvation


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

BI 6.2 Describe and discuss the metabolic processes in which nucleotides are involved.

(1) enumerate the components of a nucleotide and a nucleoside K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) enumerate the purine and pyrimidine bases along with their nucleotide derivatives


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) explain the important biochemical functions of biologically important nucleotides


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) enumerate the examples of synthetic analogues of purine and pyrimidine bases and their derivatives that serve as anticancer drugs


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) enumerate the sources of carbon and nitrogen atoms of purine and pyrimidine rings


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(6) describe the de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine along with its regulation


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(7) describe the Purine Salvage Pathway K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(8) enumerate at least four synthetic analogues of nucleotides with their clinical significance


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(9) describe the processes of purine and pyrimidine catabolism K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 6.3 Describe the common disorders associated with nucleotide metabolism.

(1) enumerate the disorders of nucleotide metabolism K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe gout w.r.t. causes, biochemical basis, types, clinical features, management

K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial, CCD, Lab Reports


No No

(3) describe Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome w.r.t. cause (enzyme deficiency), metabolic derangement, clinical features, management



No No

(4) describe the other disorders of nucleotide metabolism like Orotic Aciduria and SCID w.r.t. causes (enzyme deficiency), metabolic derangement, clinical features, management



No No

BI 6.4 Discuss the laboratory results of analytes associated with gout & Lesch Nyhan syndrome.

(1) state the normal range of serum uric acid K K Y Practical, CCD, Lab Reports

MCQ, Viva No No

(2) explain biochemical basis of raised levels of serum uric acid in gout and Lesch Nyhan Syndrome

K KH Y L, CCD, Lab Reports

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

BI 6.5 Describe the biochemical role of vitamins in the body and explain

(1) define vitamins K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, Viva No No

(2) classify vitamins on the basis of solubility with suitable example


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

the manifestations of their deficiency.

(3) explain Vitamin A w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions, deficiency manifestations and toxicity



No No

(4) explain Vitamin D w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions, deficiency manifestations and toxicity



No No

(5) explain Vitamin E w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions, deficiency manifestations and toxicity



No No

(6) explain Vitamin K w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions, deficiency manifestations and toxicity



No No

(7) explain Thiamine w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(8) explain Riboflavin w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(9) explain Niacin w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(10) explain Pantothenic Acid w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(11) explain Biotin w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

No No

(12) explain Folic Acid w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations



No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(13) explain Vitamin B12 w.r.t. dietary sources, RDA, biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations



No No

(14) identify underlying vitamin deficiency/ toxicity based on given set of clinical findings


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC, Spots

No No

BI 6.6 Describe the biochemical processes involved in generation of energy in cells.

(1) explain the stages of oxidation of foodstuffs correctly K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) enumerate high and low energy compounds K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) define the terms exothermic/ endothermic reaction thermodynamics, oxidant, reductant, redox couple, redox potential


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) explain Class I Enzyme and its subclasses K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) enumerate components of ETC K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(6) explain the principle of arrangement and location of ETC components in correct sequence


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(7) describe shuttles for transport of reducing equivalents K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(8) describe all five complexes in detail w.r.t. components of the complex, energy generated, protons pumped out, proposed redox loops and enzymes involved in production of reducing equivalents


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(9) enumerate inhibitors of ETC & sites of ATP synthesis K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(10) explain structure of ATP synthase with diagram K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(11) explain chemiosmotic coupling theory K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(12) describe the role of uncouplers and inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation with suitable example


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(13) describe substrate level phosphorylation with suitable example


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(14) differentiate between oxidative phosphorylation & substrate level phosphorylation with suitable example


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(15) calculate P:O ratio K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(16) enlist abnormalities of inherited disorders of oxidative phosphorylation (Mitochondrial Disorders)


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(17) explain significance of Lohmann's reaction K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 6.7 Describe the processes involved in maintenance of normal pH, water & electrolyte balance of body fluids and

(1) define the terms acid, base, strong acid/base, weak acid/base


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No Alignment with Physiology

(2) enlist various acids and bases produced in the body K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva



____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

the derangements associated with these.

(3) define the terms pH, pKa and buffer K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


(4) describe Henderson-Hasselbach Equation and its application K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


(5) describe buffer systems e.g. bicarbonate, phosphate, protein and Hb buffer w.r.t. compositions, ratio, reaction to acid or base addition, advantages and disadvantages


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, LAQ


(6) describe isohydric principle and its significance K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


(7) describe role of respiratory mechanism in regulation of pH w.r.t. role of respiratory centre, isohydric transport of CO2, and chloride shift


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, LAQ


Alignment with Physiology

(8) describe renal mechanism in in regulation of pH w.r.t. H+ ion excretion, ammonium ion excretion, PO4 buffer, bicarbonate ratio, reaction to acid or base reabsorption


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, LAQ


Alignment with Physiology

(9) define the terms acidosis and alkalosis K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


(10) describe various types of acidosis and alkalosis w.r.t. causes, compensatory mechanism and management


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, LAQ, CCC



____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(11) enlist various blood investigations to be done in the diagnosis of various types of alkalosis and acidosis

K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD, L, Seminar, Tutorial ab Reports

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, MEQ, CCC

No No

(12) explain distribution of Total Body Water K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(13) enlist various cations and anions in ECF and ICF K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(14) explain the concept of Anion Gap and its application K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(15) explain the terms osmolality, osmolarity and osmotic pressure (actual and theoretical)


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(16) explain the terms isotonic/ hypertonic/ hypotonic in context of osmotic pressure


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(17) explain role of various hormones in maintaining water electrolyte homeostasis


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(18) define dehydration K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(19) describe pure water/ pure salt/ mixed dehydration w.r.t. causes, pathophysiology, clinical features and management


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(20) enlist complications of dehydration K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(21) describe water intoxication w.r.t. causes, pathophysiology, clinical features and management


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

BI 6.8 Discuss and interpret results of Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis in various disorders.

(1) enlist the parameters of arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis with their normal reference ranges


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) describe the clinical significance of ABG analysis in management of acid-base disorders


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(3) interpret the results of ABG analysis K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial , CCD, Lab Reports

MCQ, SAQ, OSPE, CCC


No

BI 6.9 Describe the functions of various minerals in the body, their metabolism and homeostasis.

(1) classify minerals into macro and micro minerals with examples


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulphur, sodium, potassium and chloride) w.r.t. the dietary sources, daily requirement, biochemical functions and metabolism



No No

(3) describe the homeostasis of sodium, potassium and chloride K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial


No No

(4) describe the homeostasis of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus



No No

(5) describe trace elements (iron, copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, fluorine and selenium) w.r.t. the dietary sources, daily requirement, biochemical functions and metabolism



No No

(6) describe the homeostasis of trace elements (iron, copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, fluorine and selenium)



No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 6.10 Enumerate and describe the disorders associated with mineral metabolism.

(1) describe the disorders associated with macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulphur, sodium, potassium and chloride)




No

(2) describe the disorders associated with trace elements (iron, copper, iodine, manganese, zinc, fluorine and selenium)




No

BI 6.11 Describe the functions of haem in the body and describe the processes involved in its metabolism and describe porphyrin metabolism.

(1) describe the structure and functions of hemoglobin K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


Yes

(2) explain the binding of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide with Hb and Bohr effect


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


Yes

(3) explain role of Hb in transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


Yes

(4) explain the role of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in oxygen binding and delivery with its clinical significance


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


Yes

(5) describe the biosynthesis of heme with its regulation K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial



Yes

(6) describe the degradation of Hb K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial



Yes

(7) describe the disorders of heme biosynthesis (Porphyrias) K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting with Medicine and Pathology

Yes

(8) describe various types of Jaundice and the tests used for their diagnosis


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Nesting with general medicine and pathology

Yes


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 6.12 Describe the major types of haemoglobin and its derivatives found in the body and their physiological/ pathological relevance.

(1) describe the structural and functional characteristics of the normal and abnormal haemoglobins


SAQ, MCQ, LAQ


Yes

(2) enumerate the functions of haemoglobin K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,


Yes

(3) explain the functions of haemoglobin derivatives (oxy and deoxyhaemoglobin)


SAQ, MCQ, Viva


Yes

(4) explain the chloride shift and Bohr’s effect K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva


Yes

(5) describe the effect of pH, CO2 level, 2,3 bis-phosphoglycerate, sickle cell Hb and foetal Hb on Hb oxygen dissociation curve


SAQ, MCQ, Viva


Yes

(6) describe various types of normal haemoglobins by identifying the composition and proportion of globin chains


SAQ, MCQ, Viva


Yes

(7) explain the molecular basis, diagnosis and management of hemoglobinopathies (SCD & Thalassemia)



Nesting with Medicine and Pathology

No

(8) enumerate different types of Hb derivatives K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(9) describe the characteristic features of carboxy-Hb, carbamino-Hb, meth-Hb and sulf-Hb


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

BI 6.13 Describe the functions of the kidney, liver,

(1) describe the functions of kidney K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

Sharing with physiology

Alignment with Anatomy and Physiology


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

thyroid and adrenal glands.

(2) describe the functions of liver K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,



(3) describe the functions of thyroid gland K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,



(4) describe the functions of adrenal gland K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,



BI 6.14 Describe the tests that are commonly done in clinical practice to assess the functions of these organs (kidney, liver, thyroid and adrenal glands).

(1) describe the kidney function tests based on (a) glomerular function (b) tubular function (c) complete analysis of physical properties of urine

K KH Y L, Lab reports Seminar, Tutorial

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, LAQ,



(2) describe the kidney function tests in terms of method of estimation, principle, normal range, interpretation and clinical significance

K KH Y L, Practical, CCD, Lab Reports

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC



(3) describe the clinical significance of biochemical parameters in glomerular and tubular diseases


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC




____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(4) describe the liver function tests based on synthetic, metabolic, detoxification, excretory and storage function of liver





(5) describe the liver function tests in terms of method of estimation, principle, normal range, interpretation and clinical significance

K KH Y L, Practical, CCD, Lab Reports

SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC



(6) describe the thyroid function tests viz. Serum TSH, T3, T4, Free T3 and Free T4


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC



(7) describe the adrenal function tests viz. serum cortisol and serum ACTH levels





BI 6.15 Describe the abnormalities of kidney, liver, thyroid and adrenal glands.

(1) describe the abnormalities of Kidney (including but not limited to Nephrotic Syndrome, Renal Failure, Glomerulonephritis, Diabetic Nephropathy)


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

(2) describe the abnormalities of Liver (including but not limited to Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Choledocholithiasis)


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

(3) describe the abnormalities of Thyroid Gland (including but not limited to Thyroiditis, Grave's Disease, Goitre)


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with ENT, General

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

CCD, Lab Reports

Surgery and Endocrinology

(4) describe the abnormalities of Adrenal Gland (Cushing's Disease and Addison's Disease)


SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Medicine and Endocrinology

No

BI 7.1 Describe the structure and functions of DNA and RNA and outline the cell cycle.

(1) describe structure and functions of DNA K KH Y L, Seminar MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe structure and functions of RNA K KH Y L, Seminar MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(3) explain cell cycle with clinical importance of its each phase K KH Y L, Seminar MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 7.2 Describe the processes involved in replication & repair of DNA and the transcription & translation mechanisms.

(1) describe various stages in replication in detail K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe different DNA repair processes K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) enumerate inhibitors of DNA replication and their clinical significance

K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(4) explain the process of transcription with its stages in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(5) explain post-transcriptional modifications in prokaryotes and eukaryotes with its clinical significance


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(6) describe genetic code and its characteristics K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(7) describe the process of translation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(8) enumerate various inhibitors of translation with its clinical importance

K K/KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(9) describe various post-translational modifications with their clinical significance


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 7.3 Describe gene mutations and basic mechanism of regulation of gene expression.

(1) explain various causes of genetic mutations K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe types of genetic mutations with examples K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) explain the concept of gene expression K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(4) explain various mechanism of regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe lac operon concept and its regulation in detail K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

BI 7.4 Describe applications of molecular technologies like recombinant DNA technology, PCR in the diagnosis and treatment of

(1) define cDNA technology K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe specific role of restriction endonuclease K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) enumerate different vectors of cDNA with varying chain lengths

K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) explain the steps involved in synthesis of cDNA in proper sequence


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

diseases with genetic basis.

(5) explain at least 10 applications of cDNA technology K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(6) describe principle & types of PCR technique K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(7) explain the applications of PCR technique K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 7.5 Describe the role of xenobiotics in disease.

(1) define the terms xenobiotics and biotransformation K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(2) explain biotransformation w.r.t. its location in cell organelle, enzymes, co-enzymes/ co-factor involved in it


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe Phase I, Phase II and Phase III reactions involved in biotransformation of chemicals and the drugs


MCQ, SAQ, LAQ, Viva

Nesting with Pharmacology

Yes

BI 7.6 Describe the anti-oxidant defence systems in the body.

(1) define antioxidants K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) classify antioxidants K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe mechanism of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant in scavenging free radicals as defence system in body


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe mechanism of preventive anti-oxidants K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe mechanism of chain breaking anti-oxidants K KH Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 7.7 Describe the role of oxidative stress

(1) define free radicals K K Y L, Tutorials, Seminars

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

in the pathogenesis of conditions such as cancer, complications of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.

(2) explain oxygen-centred, carbon-centred and nitrogen-centred free radicals and their biological sources


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe the role of free radicals leading to oxidative damage to cell/ tissue


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe lipid peroxidation reactions in formation of reactive oxygen species


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe the role of oxidative stress in causation of cancer, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, neurological disorder and autoimmune diseases


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

BI 8.1 Discuss the importance of various dietary components and explain importance of dietary fibre.

(1) describe the major components of food and their daily energy requirement

K KH Y L, SGD, Tutorial, Seminars

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(2) enumerate various sources and daily requirement of carbohydrate, lipid and protein

K K Y L, SGD, Tutorial, Seminars

SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(3) describe importance of carbohydrate, lipid and protein in diet


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(4) enumerate different types, functions and chemical nature of dietary fibres


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No

(5) describe positive and negative nitrogen balance with its clinical significance


SAQ, MCQ, Viva,

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 8.2 Describe the types and causes of protein energy malnutrition and its effects.

(1) describe PEM and its types w.r.t. clinical features, laboratory findings and management

K KH Y L, CCD SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

(2) differentiate between Kwashiorkor and Marasmus w.r.t. clinical features, laboratory findings and management

K KH Y L, CCD SAQ, MCQ, Viva, CCC


No

BI 8.3 Provide dietary advice for optimal health in childhood and adult, in disease conditions like diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and in pregnancy.

(1) define calorie with its units K K Y L MCQ, Viva, No No

(2) mention the calorific value of carbohydrate, fat and protein per gram

K K Y L MCQ, Viva, No No

(3) define Respiratory Quotient (RQ) K K Y L MCQ, Viva, No No

(4) mention the RQ for carbohydrates, fats, proteins with its significance

K K Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(5) enumerate the different methods for assessment of nutritional quality of protein

K K Y L MCQ, Viva, No No

(6) describe BMR, factors affecting it and its significance K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(7) describe SDA, dietary factors affecting it and its significance K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(8) define balanced diet K K Y L MCQ, Viva, No No

(9) plan balanced diet for healthy adult, child, pregnant and lactating woman considering age, sex, body weight, food habits, local availability of food items, socioeconomic status, etc.

K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva, LAQ

No No

(10) plan balanced diet for Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease, Obesity, Kidney Diseases and Liver Disorders considering age, sex, body weight, food habits, local


No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

availability of food items, socioeconomic status, treatment history, etc.

BI 8.4 Describe the causes (including dietary habits), effects and health risks associated with being overweight/ obesity.

(1) define obesity K K Y L MCQ, Viva No No

(2) classify obesity based on BMI and Body Fat Distribution K KH Y L MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe primary and secondary causes of obesity in detail (including dietary habits)

K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(4) describe the effects of obesity on health K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe health risks and morbidity (disability burden) caused due to obesity



No

(6) enumerate various clinical syndromes associated with obesity

K KH Y L MCQ, Viva Nesting with Medicine

No

BI 8.5 Summarize the nutritional importance of commonly used items of food including fruits and vegetables (macro-molecules & its importance).

(1) describe nutritional importance and daily requirement of carbohydrates

K KH Y L, Seminar MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe nutritional importance and daily requirement of lipids


No No

(3) describe nutritional importance and daily requirement of proteins


No No

(4) describe nutritional importance and daily requirement of vitamins and minerals


No No

(5) describe nutritional importance of fruits and vegetables K KH Y L, Seminar MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 9.1 List the functions and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM).

(1) describe composition of ECM with its constituents K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe structural and functional properties of constituents of ECM (collagen, laminin, fibrillin and fibronectin)


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans as constituent of ECM


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 9.2 Discuss the involvement of ECM components in health and disease.

(1) describe major biochemical features of bone and cartilage K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) explain in brief the diseases of bone and cartilage K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial, CCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Orthopaedics

No

(3) explain in brief the disorders related to collagen, elastin, fibrillin and fibronectin


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(4) enumerate disorders of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans affecting integrity of ECM in disease

K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial, CCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Medicine and Dermatology

No

BI 9.3 Describe protein targeting & sorting along with its associated disorders.

(1) explain the mechanism of protein targeting by signal sequence

K KH N L MCQ, Viva No No

(2) explain the role of Golgi apparatus in sorting of proteins K KH N L MCQ, Viva No No

(3) describe the role of end terminal signal peptide and other special signals in protein targeting


(4) explain the importance of chaperones in preventing faulty folding of proteins


(5) describe mechanism for disposal of misfolded proteins K KH N L MCQ, Viva No No

(6) describe the role of ubiquitin in protein degradation K KH N L MCQ, Viva No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(7) describe the role of transport vesicles in intracellular transport


(8) enumerate diseases related to protein targeting and sorting K K N L MCQ, Viva No No

BI 10.1 Describe the cancer initiation, promotion oncogenes & oncogene activation. Also focus on p53 & apoptosis.

(1) describe etiology of cancer w.r.t. predisposing factors and carcinogenic agents


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(2) define oncogenes and anti-oncogenes K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe molecular basis of cancer initiation K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe the role of apoptosis in carcinogenesis K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(5) describe the role of genes regulating apoptosis K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(6) enlist oncoproteins and proto-oncogenes with associated human cancers


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(7) explain mechanism of activation proto-oncogenes to oncogenes


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(8) describe the role of p53 in prevention of cancer initiation K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(9) explain onco-fetal proteins (onco-fetal antigen) with examples


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 10.2 Describe various biochemical tumor

(1) define tumor markers K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Nesting with Oncology

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

markers and the biochemical basis of cancer therapy.

(2) enumerate different tumor markers with associated cancers K K Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(3) explain the basis of cancer chemotherapy K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(4) explain the basis of cancer radiotherapy K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Nesting with Oncology and Radiotherapy

No

(5) enumerate applications of tumor markers w.r.t. detection, diagnosis, monitoring , classification/ staging of cancer and monitoring of the treatment


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(6) describe the measures for cancer prevention K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Nesting with Oncology and Sharing with Community Medicine

No

BI 10.3 Describe the cellular and humoral components of the immune system & describe the types and structure of antibody.

(1) describe types of immunity and its mechanisms (humoral and cellular)


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

Sharing with Pathology and Microbiology

No

(2) describe theories explaining diversity of immune response K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(3) describe antibodies w.r.t. types, structure and functions K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(4) describe auto-immune disease with corresponding auto antibodies


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(5) enumerate applications of the immunochemical techniques viz. RIA , ELISA, Hybridoma technology


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

BI 10.4 Describe & discuss innate and adaptive immune responses, self/ non-self-recognition and the central role of T-helper cells in immune responses.

(1) describe the role of specialised chemical mediators, complement cascade and specialised white blood cells in mediation of innate immune system in response to antigen presentation


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(2) describe the role of B and T Lymphocytes in mediation of adaptive immune systems in response to antigen presentation


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(3) describe T lymphocytes development/ maturation and the central role of Helper T cells (CD4+ T cells) and Cytotoxic T Cells/ Killer cells/ CD8+ T cells in immune responses


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(4) explain the basis of immunological memory K KH Y L, Seminar, Tutorial

MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

BI 10.5 Describe antigens and concepts involved in vaccine development.

(1) describe antigens w.r.t. sources, types and effects of antigens on human body


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(2) describe the concept of vaccine development considering antigen selection, and vaccine formulations


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(3) describe the concept of pre-clinical and clinical testing of vaccines within controlled conditions


MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

BI 11.1 Describe commonly used laboratory apparatus and equipment, good safe laboratory practice and waste disposal.

(1) describe the principle of instruments/ equipment commonly used in biochemistry, with their applications in medicine (spectrophotometer, pH meter, chromatography, electrophoresis, electrolyte analyser, ELISA, ABG analyser, Biochemistry Autoanalyser)

K KH Y L, Lab Visit SAQ, Viva No No

(2) describe the good and safe laboratory practices K KH Y L, Lab Visit SAQ, Viva No No

(3) describe the various health hazards in laboratory K KH Y L, Lab Visit SAQ, Viva No No

(4) describe different types of wastes in laboratory and its disposal with precautionary measures

K KH Y L, Lab Visit SAQ, Viva No No

BI 11.2 Describe the preparation of buffers and estimation of pH.

(1) describe buffer and its importance in laboratory K KH Y L, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe the preparation of buffers with specific pH K KH Y L, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) demonstrate the estimation of pH of various biological fluids using pH meter, referring to the given SOP independently under expert observation

S P Y LCD, DOAP OSPE, Viva No No

BI 11.3 Describe the chemical components of normal urine.

(1) enlist all chemical components in normal urine K K Y LCD Viva No No

(2) classify chemical components of normal urine in two groups (organic and inorganic constituents) accurately

K KH Y LCD Viva No No

(3) describe the clinical significance of chemical components of normal urine

K KH Y LCD Viva No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 11.4 Perform urine analysis to estimate and determine normal and abnormal constituents.

(1) record at least six physical characteristics for normal/abnormal urine

S P Y DOAP OSPE No No

(2) demonstrate the steps for measuring specific gravity as per standard protocol


(3) perform all tests to estimate and determine normal and abnormal constituents of urine as per standard protocol


(4) prepare the urine report for abnormal constituents of urine as per standard protocol


(5) interpret the correlation of determined normal and abnormal constituents of urine with metabolic disorders

K KH Y DOAP CCC, Viva Nesting with Medicine

No

BI 11.5 Describe screening of urine for inborn errors & describe the use of paper chromatography.

(1) enumerate inborn errors of metabolism requiring screening of urine

K K Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

Sharing with Paediatrics

No

(2) describe the clinical significance of urine screening in inborn errors of metabolism

K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,


No

(3) state the principle of paper chromatography K K Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) describe the steps of paper chromatography as per the procedure chart

K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(5) calculate ratio of fronts for the detected amino acid using the formula accurately

K KH Y LCD, SGD Viva, Spots No No

(6) interpret the result of paper chromatography of inborn errors of metabolism

K KH Y L, SGD MCQ, Viva, Spots


No

BI 11.6 (1) state Beer's Law and Lambert’s Law K K Y LCD MCQ, Viva No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

Describe the principles of colorimetry.

(2) describe the principle of colorimetry with its properly labelled block diagram

K KH Y LCD MCQ, Viva No No

(3) describe the relationship between absorbance and transmittance correctly


(4) enumerate the applications of colorimetry K K Y LCD MCQ, Viva No No

(5) describe the differences between colorimetry and spectrophotometry


BI 11.7 Demonstrate the estimation of serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.

(1) estimate serum creatinine in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Modified Jaffe's Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results [Also covered in BI 11.21]

S P Y Practical Practical, Viva

No No

(2) calculate the creatinine clearance rate from serum creatinine and urine creatinine levels estimated in the previous practical exercises and other given parameters accurately [Also covered in BI 11.22]

K KH Y L, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) describe the creatinine clearance and its clinical significance as a Kidney Function Test

K KH Y L, Practical, LCD

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 11.8 Demonstrate estimation of serum proteins, albumin and A:G ratio.

(1) estimate Serum Proteins in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Biuret Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

(2) estimate Serum Albumin in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol


No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(BCG Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results

(3) calculate A/G Ratio from the estimated levels of Serum Proteins and Serum Albumin estimated in the previous practical exercises from a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol of calculation, independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results

K KH Y Practical Practical, Viva

No No

(4) describe clinical significance of reversal of A/G ratio K K Y LCD, Practical

Practical Viva No No

BI 11.9 Demonstrate the estimation of serum total cholesterol and HDL- cholesterol.

(1) estimate Serum Cholesterol in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (CHOD-POD Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

(2) estimate Serum HDL-Cholesterol in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Precipitation Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

BI 11.10 Demonstrate the estimation of triglycerides.

(1) estimate Serum Triglycerides in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Lipase Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 11.11 Demonstrate estimation of calcium and phosphorous.

(1) estimate Serum Calcium in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Trinder's Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

(2) estimate Serum Inorganic Phosphorus in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Fiske Subbarow Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

BI 11.12 Demonstrate the estimation of serum bilirubin.

(1) estimate Serum Total Bilirubin in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Malloy and Evelyn Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

(2) estimate Serum Direct Bilirubin in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Malloy and Evelyn Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

(3) calculate Serum Indirect Bilirubin from the estimated levels of Serum Total and Direct Bilirubin in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Malloy and Evelyn Method) and formula independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results

K KH Y Practical Practical, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

BI 11.13 Demonstrate the estimation of SGOT/ SGPT.

(1) estimate Serum SGOT (AST) OR SGPT (ALT) Activity in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol, independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

BI 11.14 Demonstrate the estimation of alkaline phosphatase.

(1) estimate Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Activity in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol, independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


No No

BI 11.15 Describe & discuss the composition of CSF.

(1) describe the composition of CSF K KH Y LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva


No

(2) mention normal range of CSF glucose, protein and chloride K K Y LCD MCQ, Viva No No

(3) interpret findings of CSF glucose, protein and chloride in pathological conditions

K KH Y LCD, CCD MCQ, Viva, CCC

No No

BI 11.16 Observe use of commonly used equipment/ techniques in biochemistry laboratory including: • pH Meter • Paper chromatography of amino acid

(1) describe the use, clinical application or significance of pH Meter

K KH Y LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(2) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Paper Chromatography

K KH Y LCD, MRU Visit

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(3) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Thin Layer Chromatography


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(4) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(5) describe the use, clinical application or significance of ISE Method of electrolyte analysis

K KH Y LCD, Lab Visit

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

• Protein electrophoresis • TLC, PAGE • Electrolyte analysis by ISE • ABG analyzer • ELISA • Immunodiffusion • Autoanalyser • Quality control • DNA isolation from blood/ tissue.

(6) describe the use, clinical application or significance of ABG Analyzer

K KH Y LCD, Lab Visit, ICCU Visit

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(7) describe the use, clinical application or significance of ELISA K KH Y LCD, MRU Visit

MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(8) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Immunodiffusion


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(9) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Autoanalyser


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

(10) describe the use, clinical application or significance of Quality Control Process in Clinical Laboratory


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, QC Charts

No No

(11) describe the use, clinical application or significance of DNA Isolation from blood/ tissues


MCQ, SAQ, Viva

No No

BI 11.17 Explain the basis and rationale of biochemical tests done in the following conditions: - diabetes mellitus, - dyslipidemia, - myocardial infarction, - renal failure,

(1) explain the basis and rationale of plasma glucose, urine glucose, urine ketone bodies, HBA1c, Serum Insulin, Serum C-peptide Assay and other special investigations done in Diabetes Mellitus

K KH Y LCD, Practical, Lab Reports, CCD, ECE

MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(2) explain the basis and rationale of serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum HDL cholesterol, serum LDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, Serum Apo-lipoproteins and other special investigations in done in Dyslipidemia


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(3) explain the basis and rationale of serum cardiac markers viz. serum CPK-MB, serum cardiac troponins, serum LDH-1/LDH-2 ratio, serum AST/ALT ratio, serum myoglobin and other special


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Physiology (for cardiac

No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

gout, - proteinuria, - nephrotic syndrome, - edema, - jaundice, - liver diseases, pancreatitis, disorders of acid- base balance, - thyroid disorders.

investigations such as complete lipid profile done in Myocardial Infarction

markers and ECG)

(4) explain the basis and rationale of serum creatinine, blood urea, urine creatinine, creatinine clearance and other clearance tests, urine microalbumin, urine microalbumin/ creatinine ratio, serum electrolytes done in Renal Failure


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Nephrology

No

(6) explain the basis and rationale of serum uric acid and synovial fluid biochemical analysis and microscopy done in Gout.


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(7) explain the basis and rationale of serum total protein, serum albumin, urine microalbumin, urine creatinine, urine microalbumin/ creatinine ratio done to evaluate Proteinuria


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(8) explain the basis and rationale of serum creatinine, blood urea, urine creatinine, creatinine clearance and other clearance tests, urine microalbumin, urine microalbumin/ creatinine ratio, serum electrolytes done in Nephrotic Syndrome


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(9) explain the basis and rationale of serum total protein, serum albumin, urine microalbumin, urine creatinine, urine microalbumin/ creatinine ratio, serum IgE done to investigate Edema


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with Medicine and Surgery

No

(10) explain the basis and rationale of serum total bilirubin, serum direct bilirubin, serum AST, serum ALT, serum ALP, serum total protein, serum albumin, urine bile salts and urine bile pigments done to investigate Jaundice


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(11) explain the basis and rationale of serum total bilirubin, serum direct bilirubin, serum AST, serum ALT, serum ALP, serum total protein, serum albumin, serum cholesterol, serum GGT, blood ammonia, urine bile salts and urine bile pigments done to investigate Liver Diseases


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(12) explain the basis and rationale of serum amylase and serum lipase done in Pancreatitis


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(13) explain the basis and rationale of ABG Analysis i.e. blood pH, PO2, SPO2, PCO2, serum HCO3-, serum Na, serum K, serum Cl and anion gap analysis done to investigate acidosis and alkalosis


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC


No

(14) explain the basis and rationale of serum total T3 and total T4, serum free T3 and T4, serum TSH, serum anti-thyroid antibodies done to evaluate Thyroid Disorders


MCQ, SAQ, Viva, CCC

Nesting with ENT and Surgery

No

BI 11.18 Discuss the principles of spectrophotometry.

(1) explain the principle of spectrophotometry and its applications


Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

BI 11.19 Outline the basic principles involved in the functioning of instruments

(1) explain the basic principle & applications of a pH Meter K KH Y LCD Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

(2) explain the basic principle & applications of an ABG Analyzer K KH Y LCD, Lab Visit

Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

commonly used in a biochemistry laboratory and their applications.

(3) explain the basic principle & applications of an Biochemistry Auto-Analyzer


Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

(4) explain the basic principle & applications of a Centrifuge Machine


Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

(5) explain the basic principle & applications of an Incubator K KH Y LCD, Lab Visit

Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

(6) explain the basic principle & applications of an Autopipette K KH Y LCD Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

(7) explain the application of Urinometer K KH Y LCD Spots, MCQ, SAQ

No No

BI 11.20 Identify abnormal constituents in urine, interpret the findings and correlate these with pathological states.

(1) detect the presence of Urinary Proteins in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocols (Heller's Test, Sulphosalicylic Acid Test and Heat Coagulation Test) correctly

S P Y Practical, DOAP

Practical, Viva

No No

(2) detect the presence of Reducing Sugar in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Benedict's Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No

(3) detect the presence of Blood in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Benzidine Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No

(4) detect the presence of Bile Salts in given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Hay's Sulphur Flower Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No

(5) detect the presence of Bile Pigments in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Fauchet's Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

(6) detect the presence of Acetone and Acetoacetic Acid in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Rothera's Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No

(7) detect the presence of Acetoacetic Acid in a given urine sample referring to the given test protocol (Gerhardt's Test) correctly


Practical, Viva

No No

(8) prepare the full urine report based on the abnormal constituents found referring to the given standard format of urine report correctly

S SH Y Practical Practical, Viva

No No

(9) interpret the full urine report and correlate the findings with clinical conditions correctly

K KH Y Practical, SGD, CCD

Practical, Viva, CCC

No No

BI 11.21 Demonstrate estimation of glucose, creatinine, urea and total protein in serum.

(1) estimate plasma glucose in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (GOD-POD Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results


Practical, Viva

No No

(2) estimate serum creatinine in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Modified Jaffe's Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results [Also covered in BI 11.7]


Practical, Viva

No No

(3) estimate blood urea in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (DAM Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-


Practical, Viva

No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results

(4) estimate serum total protein in a given sample with interpretation of the results, referring to the given test protocol (Biuret Method), independently under expert observation, within parameter-specific clinically acceptable deviation (or 10% whichever is higher) from the expert results [Also covered in BI 11.8]


Practical, Viva

No No

BI 11.22 Calculate albumin: globulin (AG) ratio and creatinine clearance.

(1) calculate A/G ratio from the given levels of Serum Albumin and Globulin in a given sample correctly [Also covered in BI 11.8]

K KH Y L, SGD, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) calculate the creatinine clearance rate from serum creatinine and urine creatinine levels estimated in the previous practical exercises and other given parameters accurately [Also covered in BI 11.7]


No No

(3) describe clinical significance of A/G ratio K KH Y L, SGD, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(4) describe clinical significance of creatinine clearance rate K KH Y L, SGD, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

BI 11.23 Calculate energy content of different food Items, identify food items with high and low glycemic index and explain the

(1) calculate energy content of different food items based on its content of carbohydrates, proteins and fats accurately


No No

(2) identify food items with high and low glycemic index K KH Y L, SGD, LCD MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) explain the importance of food items in the diet with high and low glycemic index


No No


____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Competency No.


Assessment Methods





(Yes/ No)

importance of these in the diet.

BI 11.24 Enumerate advantages and/or disadvantages of use of unsaturated, saturated and trans fats in food.

(1) explain the advantages and disadvantages of use of saturated fats correctly


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(2) explain the advantages and disadvantages of use of unsaturated fats correctly


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

(3) explain the advantages and disadvantages of use of trans-fats correctly


MCQ, SAQ, Viva,

No No

Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry · 2019-06-07 · coenzyme & co-factors. Enumerate the...

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Transcript of Specific Learning Objectives in Biochemistry · 2019-06-07 · coenzyme & co-factors. Enumerate the...