Species composition and geographic distribution of ...

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The following supplement accompanies the article

Species composition and geographic distribution of invertebrates in fouling communities along the east coast of the USA: a regional perspective

Ronald H. Karlson1,3,*, Richard W. Osman2

1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA 2Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, PO Box 28, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, Maryland 21037, USA

3Present address: 266 Carters Mill Road, Elkton, Maryland 21921, USA

*Email: [email protected]

Marine Ecology Progress Series 458: 255–268 (2012)

Supplement. Two tables presenting additional systematic and distributional sources and the complete set of 1443 records in our survey, followed by the literature cited in these tables.

Table S1. Supplemental sources providing additional systematic (S) and distributional (D) information to that in Tables 1, 2, and S2. These sources also augment information provided by WORMS/OBIS/NAS. The current name and the date (yr-mm-dd) of entry or last change at the World Register of Marine Species (WORMS) is reported here. See Table S2 for more information regarding these fouling community species Current name Supplemental sources Porifera Lissodendoryx carolinensis Wilson, 1911; 2009-04-06 de Laubenfels 1949 (S) Lissodendoryx isodictyalis (Carter, 1882); 2005-07-10 de Laubenfels 1949 (D) Smith 1964 (D) Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson, 1894); 2007-07-20 Freeman et al. 2007 (D) Pione lampa (de Laubenfels, 1950); 2005-07-10 Rützler 1975 (D) Lindeman et al. 2009 (D) Plakortis halichondrioides (Wilson, 1902); 2008-02-03 Wells 1969 (D) Terpios fugax Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864; 2006-07-25 Wass 1972 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Cnidaria Aiptasiogeton eruptaurantia (Field, 1949); 2008-01-16 Wass 1972 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 Calder 1990 (D) Clytia gracilis (Sars, 1850); 2004-12-21 Calder 1975 (D) Clytia linearis (Thorneley, 1900); 2004-12-21 Wenner et al. 1983 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Ectopleura dumortierii (Van Beneden, 1844); 2009-07-15 Calder 1990 (D) Cairns et al. 2002 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 Fraser 1944 (D) Calder 1975 (D) Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 Dean & Bellis 1975 (D) Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 Calder 1975 (D) Calder 1990 (D) Halecium mediterraneum Weismann, 1883; 2004-12-21 Calder 1971 (D) Wass 1972 (D) Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 Calder 1990 (D) Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck, 1815); 2008-01-16 Bayer 1952 (D) Bayer 1954 (D) Macrorhynchia philippina Kirchenpauer, 1872; 2004-12-21 Kelmo & Vargas 2002 (S) Obelia longicyatha Allman, 1877; 2008-01-16 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Obelia longissima (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 Calder 1975 (D) Opercularella pumila Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 Calder 1990 (D)

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Pachycordyle michaeli (Berrill, 1948); 2010-08-27 Calder 1990 (D) Palythoa mammillosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars, 1835); 2004-12-21 Calder 1975 (D) Calder 1990 (D) Sertularia argentea Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 Fraser 1944 (S) Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1857; 2004-12-21 Fraser 1910 (D, S) Annelida Branchiomma conspersum (Ehlers, 1887); 2011-01-11 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Phragmatopoma lapidosa Kinberg, 1866; 2008-03-26 Winston 2009 (D) Potamilla neglecta (Sars, 1851); 2008-03-26 Wass 1972 (D) Pseudopotamilla oculifera (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Terebella verrilli Holthe, 1986; 2008-03-26 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Arthropoda Amphibalanus subalbidus (Henry, 1974); 2010-10-22 Zullo 1979 (D) Pitombo 2004 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Balanus crenatus Bruguière, 1789; 2004-12-21 Verrill & Smith 1874 (D, S) Chthamalus stellatus (Poli, 1795); 2004-12-21 Sumner et al. 1911 (D) Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 Verrill & Smith 1874 (S) Conchoderma virgatum Spengler, 1789; 2010-10-22 Verrill & Smith 1874 (S) Cymadusa compta (Smith, 1873); 2010-07-12 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Lepas pectinata Spengler, 1793; 2004-12-21 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Monocorophium cylindricum (Say, 1818); 2007-02-14 Verrill & Smith 1874 (D) Mollusca Dinocardium robustum (Lightfoot, 1786); 2009-01-22 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Lunarca ovalis (Bruguière, 1789): 2009-10-06 Wass 1972 (D) Martesia striata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2010-09-23 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Bryozoa Aetea sica (Couch, 1844); 2004-12-21 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Aetea truncata (Landsborough, 1852); 2004-12-21 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Alcyonidium hauffi Marcus, 1939; 2010-04-27 Maturo 1957 (D) Ruppert & Fox 1988 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Alcyonidium mamillatum Alder, 1857; 2004-12-21 Maturo 1968 (D) Alcyonidium verrilli Osburn, 1912; 2010-03-22 Maturo 1957 (D) Maturo 1968 (D) Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873 Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Amathia distans Busk, 1886; 2004-12-21 Maturo 1968 (D) Winston 1982 (D, S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Amphiblestrum auritum (Hincks, 1877); 2004-12-21 Hutchins 1945 (D) Winston 1977 (D) Amphiblestrum flemingii (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 Maturo 1968 (D) Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2006-07-18 Hutchins 1945 (D) Biflustra arborescens (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2007-06-04 Winston 2005 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Biflustra denticulata (Busk, 1856); 2009-10-06 Winston 2005 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Bowerbankia tertia new species Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Bugula flabellata (Thompson, in Gray 1848); 2010-11-30 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Buskea dichotoma (Hincks, 1862); 2004-12-21 Rogick & Croasdale 1949 (D) Maturo 1957 (D, S) Cadavid et al. 2007 (D, S) Callopora thaxterae new species Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Celleporella hyalina (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 Osburn 1932 (D) Maturo 1968 (D) Cleidochasma affinis (Milne-Edwards, 1836); 2007-06-04 Maturo 1968 (D) Winston 1982 (D) Conopeum chesapeakensis (Banta, Perez & Santagata, 1995) Banta et al. 1995 (S) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S)

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Cribrilina macropunctata Winston, Hayward & Craig 2000 Maturo 1968 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Crisia osburni new species Maturo 1968 (D) Winston 1995 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Drepanophora tuberculata (Osburn, 1914); 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Electra crustulenta species group Winston & Hayward 2012 (S) Escharella immersa (Fleming, 1828); 2004-12-21 Hutchins 1945 (D) Escharina pesanseris (Smitt, 1873); 1997-12-10 Winston 1982 (D, S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Hippopodina feegeensis(Busk, 1884); 2004-12-21 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Hippoporina verrilli Maturo & Schopf, 1968; 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Microporella rogickae Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000 Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Microporella ciliata species complex Felder & Camp 2009 (S) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875); 2009-10-06 Maturo & Schopf 1968 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Parellisina latirostris Osburn, 1940; 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Patinella verrucaria (Fabricius, 1780) Hutchins 1945 (D) Winston 1977 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Pentapora americana (Verrill, 1875) Maturo 1968 (D) Maturo & Schopf 1968 (D, S) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Phylactellipora aviculifera (Osburn, 1914); 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Pourtalesella incrassata (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2009-10-06 Winston 2005 (S) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Puellina radiata (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 Maturo 1968 (D) Rhynchozoon rostratum (Busk, 1856); 2010-04-27 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Savignyella lafontii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 Winston 1982 (D, S) Scrupocellaria bertholletii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Smittina smittiella Osburn, 1947; 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Steganiporella magnilabris (Busk, 1854); 2009-10-06 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Tegella unicornis (Fleming, 1828); 2004-12-21 Maturo 1968 (D) Thalamoporella floridana Osburn, 1940; 2010-04-27 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Tubulipora confracta new species Hutchins 1945 (D) Winston 1977 (D) Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Walkeria uva (Linnaeus, 1758); 2005-04-15 Winston & Hayward 2012 (D, S) Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852); 4-12-21 Winston 1982 (D, S) Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 Maturo 1968 (D) Maturo & Schopf 1968 (S) Winston 1982 (D) Chordata Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 Plough 1978 (D) Boltenia echinata (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 Van Name 1945 (D) Botryllus planus (Van Name, 1902); 2009-07-20 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Cnemidocarpa mollis (Stimpson, 1852); 2004-12-21 Van Name 1945 (D) Didemnum conchyliatum (Sluiter, 1898); 2007-12-05 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Distaplia bermudensis Van Name, 1902; 2004-12-21 Van Name 1945 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Ecteinascidia minuta Berrill, 1932; 2007-12-05 Van Name 1945 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Eudistoma capsulatum (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 Van Name 1945 (D) Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 Van Name 1945 (D) Molgula provisionalis Van Name, 1945; 2005-05-26 Plough 1978 (D) Phallusia nigra Savigny, 1816; 2004-12-21 Plough 1978 (D) Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816; 2003-07-28 Felder & Camp 2009 (D) Trididemnum savignii (Herdman, 1886); 2007-12-05 Felder & Camp 2009 (D)

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Table S2. Fouling community invertebrates along the east coast of the USA recorded in the literature from 1874 to 2009. This is a complete list of all 1443 records of 317 species in our survey. The reported name is followed by the current name, date (yr-mm-dd) of entry or last change at the World Register of Marine Species (WORMS), reported location, east coast range (given by state and based on WORMS, the Ocean Biogeographic Information System [OBIS], and selected references from the systematics literature), and source references in chronological order for each state. WORMS and OBIS are accessed at www.marinespecies.org and www.iobis.org, respectively. Distributional range information is not provided for multi-species complexes. Abbreviations are as follows: NE - New England, SNE- Southern New England, LIS - Long Island Sound, ME - Maine, NH - New Hampshire, MA - Massachusetts, RI - Rhode Island, CT - Connecticut, NY - New York, NJ - New Jersey, DE - Delaware, MD - Maryland, VA - Virginia, NC - North Carolina, SC - South Carolina, GE - Georgia, FL - Florida. Readers are encouraged to contact the authors regarding queries, comments, corrections, and future updates

Reported name Current name Reported location

Range Sources

Phylum Porifera Aplysilla longispina Wilson Aplysilla longispina George & Wilson, 1919; 2010-01-13 NC NC McDougall 1943 Carmia fibrexilis (Wilson) Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson, 1894); 2007-07-20 MA MA-GE de Laubenfels 1949 Chalina oculata Pallas Haliclona oculata (Pallas, 1766); 2008-01-14 ME-CT ME-FL Miner 1950 Chondrilla nucula Chondrilla nucula Schmidt, 1862; 2004-12-21 FL FL Cummings 1994 Cliona cellata Grant Cliona celata Grant, 1826; 2010-02-26 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Cliona celata Cliona celata Grant, 1826; 2010-02-26 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975 Cliona celata Cliona celata Grant, 1826; 2010-02-26 FL ME-FL Cummings 1994 Cliona lampa forma flavida Pione lampa (de Laubenfels, 1950); 2005-07-10 FL ME-FL Cummings 1994 Cliona lampa forma lampa Pione lampa (de Laubenfels, 1950); 2005-07-10 FL ME-FL Cummings 1994 Cliona viridis Cliona viridis (Schmidt, 1862); 2008-20-04 FL FL Cummings 1994 Grantia ciliata Fleming Sycon ciliatum (Fabricius, 1780); 2007-01-14 MA ME-MA Verrill & Smith 1874,

Sumner et al. 1913 Halichondria bowerbanki Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Halichondria bowerbanki Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Halichondria bowerbanki Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982, Sagasti et al. 2000

Halichondria bowerbanki Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1977, Karlson 1975, 1978

Halichondria bowerbanki Burton

Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 NC ME-FL Wells, Wells & Gray 1964

Halichondria bowerbanki (Burton)

Halichondria bowerbanki Burton, 1930; 2007-09-07 SC ME-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

Halichondria panicea (Pallas) Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1766); 2010-03-18 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Halichondria panicea (Pallas) Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1766); 2010-03-18 ME ME-FL Tyrrell & Byers 2007 Halichondria panicea Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1766); 2010-03-18 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982,

Dijkstra et al. 2007, Dijkstra & Harris 2009

Halichondria panicea Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1766); 2010-03-18 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Haliclona canaliculata Haliclona canaliculata Hartman, 1958; 2008-05-31 NC ME-NC Karlson 1975 Haliclona permollis

(Bowerbank) Haliclona cinerea (Grant, 1826); 2008-06-02 NC ME-NC Karlson 1975, 1978,

de Laubenfels 1949 Haliclona loosanoffi Chalinula loosanoffi (Hartman, 1958); 2007-11-26 NH ME-SC Harris & Irons 1982,


Haliclona loosanoffi Chalinula loosanoffi (Hartman, 1958); 2007-11-26 MA ME-SC Osman 1978 Haliclona loosanoffi Hartman Chalinula loosanoffi (Hartman, 1958); 2007-11-26 NC ME-SC Karlson 1978, Wells, Wells

& Gray 1964 Haliclona loosanoffi (Grant) Chalinula loosanoffi (Hartman, 1958); 2007-11-26 SC ME-SC Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Leucosolenia botryoides

Bowerbank Leucosolenia botryoides (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2006-10-15 MA ME-SC Verrill & Smith 1874

Leucosolenia botryoides Leucosolenia botryoides (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2006-10-15 MA ME-SC Agius 2007 Lissodendoryx carolinesis Lissodendoryx carolinensis Wilson, 1911; 2009-04-06 VA VA-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Lissodendoryx carolinensis

Wilson Lissodendoryx carolinensis Wilson, 1911; 2009-04-06 NC VA-FL McDougall 1943

Lissodendoryx isodictyalis Lissodendoryx isodictyalis (Carter, 1882); 2005-07-10 SNE-NY MA-FL Weiss 1995 Lissodendoryx isodictyalis

(Carter) Lissodendoryx isodictyalis (Carter, 1882); 2005-07-10 NC MA-FL Wells et al. 1964

Lissodendoryx isodictyalis Lissodendoryx isodictyalis (Carter, 1882); 2005-07-10 NC MA-FL Karlson 1975 Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 SNE and NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 Northeastern

USA ME-FL Pollock 1998

Microciona prolifera Verrill Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 NE-West Indies

ME-FL Miner 1950

Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 MA ME-FL Miner 1913, Osman 1977, 1978

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Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 MD ME-FL Foster et al. 1994 Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982, Sagasti et al. 2000

Microciona prolifera (Ellis & Solander)

Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 NC ME-FL Wells, Wells & Gray 1960, 1964

Microciona prolifera Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1977

Microciona prolifera Verrill Clathria prolifera (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2009-04-12 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943, Karlson 1975, 1978

Mycale cecilia de Laubenfels Mycale americana van Soest,1984; 2007-07-19 NC NC-FL Wells et al. 1964 Mycale cecilia Mycale americana van Soest,1984; 2007-07-19 NC NC-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1977 Mycale fibrexilis Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson, 1894); 2007-07-20 Northeastern

USA MA-GE Pollock 1998

Mycale fibrexilis Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson, 1894); 2007-07-20 SNE-NY MA-GE Weiss 1995 Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson) Mycale fibrexilis (Wilson, 1894); 2007-07-20 MA MA-GE Hartman 1964 Mycale microsigmatosa

(Arndt) Mycale americana van Soest,1984; 2007-07-19 NC NC-FL Karlson 1975, 1978

Prosuberites microsclerus de Laubenfels

Terpios fugax Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864; 2006-07-25 NC VA-FL Karlson 1975, 1978

Reniera tubifera Wilson Haliclona tubifera (George & Wilson, 1919); 2008-05-31 NC NC-FL McDougall 1943 Stylotella heliophila Wilson Hymeniacidon heliophila (Parker, 1910); 2007-08-29 NE-NC ME-FL Miner 1950 Stylotella heliophila Wilson Hymeniacidon heliophila (Parker, 1910); 2007-08-29 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Xestospongia halichondroides

(Wilson) Plakortis halichondrioides (Wilson, 1902); 2008-02-03 NC NC-FL Karlson 1975, 1978

Phylum Cnidaria Aiptasia eruptaurantia Field Aiptasiogeton eruptaurantia (Field, 1949); 2008-01-16 NC VA-FL Karlson 1975, 1978 Aiptasiamorpha luciae Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 VA MA-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Aselomaris michaeli Pachycordyle michaeli (Berrill, 1948); 2010-08-27 VA ME-VA Calder & Brehmer 1967 Aselomaris michaeli Berrill Pachycordyle michaeli (Berrill, 1948); 2010-08-27 VA ME-VA Calder 1971 Astrangia poculata Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2010-09-25 MD MA-FL Foster et al. 1994 Astrangia astreiformis Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2010-09-25 NC MA-FL Sutherland 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1977 Astrangia danae Agassiz Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2010-09-25 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943 Astrangia danae Agassiz Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2010-09-25 MA MA-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Astrangia danae Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2010-09-25 MA MA-FL Osman 1978 Bimeria franciscana Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Bougainvillea carolinensis Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859); 2008-01-16 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Bougainvillia carolinensis

McCrady Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859); 2008-01-16 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901,

Fraser 1944 Bougainvillia carolinensis

(McCrady) Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859); 2008-01-16 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Bougainvillia carolinensis Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859); 2008-01-16 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Bougainvillia carolinensis Bougainvillia carolinensis (McCrady, 1859); 2008-01-16 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975 Bougainvillia rugosa Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 VA MA-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 VA MA-FL Calder 1971 Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke Bougainvillia rugosa Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Fraser 1910 Bougainvillia superciliaris Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz, 1849); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Bunodosoma granuliferum Bunodosoma granuliferum (Lesueur, 1817); 2008-01-16 FL FL Cummings 1994 Calyptospadix cerulea Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 MA ME-NC Fraser 1944 Calyptospadix cerulea Clarke Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 MA ME-NC Sumner et al. 1913 Calyptospadix cerulea Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 VA ME-NC Calder & Brehmer 1967 Campanularia calceolifera

Hincks Laomedea calceolifera (Hincks, 1871); 2004-12-21 MA-RI ME-FL Fraser 1944

Campanularia calceolifera Hincks

Laomedea calceolifera (Hincks, 1871); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901, Sumner et al. 1913

Campanularia calceolifera Laomedea calceolifera (Hincks, 1871); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Grave 1933 Campanularia edwardsi new

species Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901

Campanularia edwardsi Nutting

Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Campanularia flexuosa (Hincks)

Laomedea flexuosa Alder, 1857; 2004-12-21 ME/MA/CT ME-FL Fraser 1944

Campanularia flexuosa Hincks Laomedea flexuosa Alder, 1857; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874, Nutting 1901

Campanularia flexuosa Laomedea flexuosa Alder, 1857; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Grave 1933 Campanularia gelatinosa

(Pallas) Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 ME/MA-

CT/NJ ME-VA Fraser 1944

Campanularia volubillis (Linnaeus)

Campanularia volubilis (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME/MA ME-NC Fraser 1944

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Clava leptostyla Agassiz Clava multicornis (Forsskål, 1775); 2009-11-12 ME ME-MA Fraser 1944 Clava leptostyla Agassiz Clava multicornis (Forsskål, 1775); 2009-11-12 MA ME-MA Nutting 1901,

Sumner et al. 1913 Clytia bicophora Agassiz Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901 Clytia cylindrica Clytia gracilis (Sars, 1850); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Clytia cylindrica Agassiz Clytia gracilis (Sars, 1850); 2004-12-21 MA/CT/NC ME-FL Fraser 1944 Clytia cylindrica Agassiz Clytia gracilis (Sars, 1850); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Clytia edwardsi (Nutting) Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME/MA ME-FL Fraser 1944 Clytia edwardsi Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977 Clytia edwardsi (Nutting) Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Clytia edwardsi Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Clytia fragilis Clytia linearis (Thorneley, 1900); 2004-12-21 SC SC-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Clytia johnstoni (Alder) Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME/MA/CT/

SC-FL ME-FL Fraser 1944

Clytia johnstoni Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977 Clytia hemisphaerica Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Clytia laxa Clytia tottoni (Leloup, 1935); 2010-08-26 FL FL Nelson et al. 1994 Clytia minuta (Nutting) Clytia hemisphaerica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA-RI ME-FL Fraser 1944 Cordylophora caspia (Pallas) Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Cordylophora caspia Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Cordylophora lacustris Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Cuspidella humilis (Alder) Cuspidella humilis (Alder, 1862); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910, 1944 Diadumene leucolena Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-14 MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978 Diadumene leucolena Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-14 VA ME-NC Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001, Jewett et al. 2005

Diadumene leucolena Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-14 NC ME-NC Dean & Bellis 1975, Karlson 1975, Sutherland 1981

Diadumene lineata Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 VA MA-FL Jewett et al. 2005 Dynamena cornicina McCrady Dynamena disticha (Bosc, 1802); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Ectopleura dumortieri Ectopleura dumortierii (Van Beneden, 1844); 2009-07-15 MA MA-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Ectopleura dumortieri Ectopleura dumortierii (Van Beneden, 1844); 2009-07-15 VA MA-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Ectopleura dumortieri (van

Beneden) Ectopleura dumortierii (Van Beneden, 1844); 2009-07-15 VA MA-FL Calder 1971

Ectopleura indivisa Tubularia indivisa Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 NH ME-VA Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Ectopleura larynx Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 NH ME-NJ Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Edwardsiella lineata Edwardsiella lineata (Verrill in Baird 1873); 2009-09-14 MA MA-NC Osman 1978 Eudendrium album Nutting Eudendrium album Nutting, 1898; 2004-12-21 Canada-FL ME-FL Miner 1950 Eudendrium album Nutting Eudendrium album Nutting, 1898; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901,

Sumner et al. 1913, Smith 1964

Eudendrium album Nutting Eudendrium album Nutting, 1898; 2004-12-21 MA/NC ME-FL Fraser 1944 Eudendrium album Nutting Eudendrium album Nutting, 1898; 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Eudendrium album Nutting Eudendrium album Nutting, 1898; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Eudendrium capillare Alder Eudendrium capillare Alder, 1856; 2010-03-26 ME/NC ME-FL Fraser 1944 Eudendrium carneum Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Hargitt 1908 Eudendrium carneum Clarke Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913,

Smith 1964 Eudendrium carneum Clarke Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 MA/VA-NC ME-FL Fraser 1944 Eudendrium carneum Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1977, Walters 1992, Holm et al. 1997

Eudendrium carneum Clarke Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910, McDougall 1943, Karlson 1975, 1978

Eudendrium ramosum Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Hargitt 1908, Osman 1977

Eudendrium ramosum Linnaeus

Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Smith 1964

Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus)

Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901, Sumner et al. 1913


Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 Canada/ME/MA/NC

ME-FL Fraser 1944


Eudendrium ramosum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943, Fraser 1910

Eudendrium rameum (Pallas) Eudendrium rameum (Pallas, 1766); 2010-03-26 Canada/ME ME Fraser 1944 Eudendrium tenue Agassiz Eudendrium capillare Alder, 1856; 2010-03-26 MA ME-FL Smith 1964 Eudendrium tenue A. Agassiz Eudendrium capillare Alder, 1856; 2010-03-26 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Eudendrium tenue Eudendrium capillare Alder, 1856; 2010-03-26 MA ME-FL Osman 1977 Favia fragum Favia fragum (Esper); 2008-01-16 FL FL Nelson et al. 1994

7

Filellum expansum probably a protozoan (Calder, personal comm.); see Vervoort & Watson 2003

NC Dean & Bellis 1975

Garveia cerulea (Clarke) Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 VA ME-NC Calder 1971 Garveia cerulea Garveia cerulea (Clarke, 1882); 2009-06-10 NC ME-NC Dean & Bellis 1975 Garveia franciscana Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Smedes & Hurd 1981 Garveia franciscana Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Gonothyrea gracilis (Sars) Clytia gracilis (Sars, 1850); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Gonothyrea loveni Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 MA ME-SC Grave 1933 Gonothyraea loveni (Allman) Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 MA ME-SC Smith 1964 Gonothyraea loveni (Allman) Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 ME/MA-CT ME-SC Fraser 1944 Gonothyraea loveni (Allman) Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 VA ME-SC Calder 1971 Gonothyraea loveni Gonothyraea loveni (Allman, 1859); 2004-12-21 VA ME-SC Calder & Brehmer 1967 Halecium gracile Verrill Halecium mediterraneum Weismann, 1883; 2004-12-21 MA MA-VA Verrill & Smith 1874 Halecium gracile Verrill Halecium mediterraneum Weismann, 1883; 2004-12-21 MA/CT MA-VA Nutting 1901 Halecium macrocephalum

Allman Halecium macrocephalum Allman, 1877; 2008-01-16 MD NC-FL Fraser 1944

Haliplanella luciae (Verrill) Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 MA MA-FL Hand 1964 Haliplanella luciae Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 MA MA-FL Osman 1978 Haliplanella luciae Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 NJ MA-FL Peterson 1979 Haliplanella luciae Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 MD MA-FL Smedes & Hurd 1981 Haliplanella luciae Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869); 2009-12-22 VA MA-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Halocordyle disticha

(Goldfuss) Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971

Halocordyle disticha Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 SC ME-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Halopteris tenella Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 VA ME-FL Jewett et al. 2005 Hartlaubella gelatinosa

(Pallas) Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 VA ME-VA Calder 1971

Hydractinia echinata Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828); 2010-05-14 SNE-NY ME-CT Weiss 1995 Hydractinia echinata Fleming Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828); 2010-05-14 Canada/Gulf

of ME/MA/ VA-SC

ME-CT Fraser 1944

Hydractinia echinata Fleming Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828); 2010-05-14 MA ME-CT Hargitt 1908, Sumner et al. 1913

Hydractinia echinata Hydractinia echinata (Fleming, 1828); 2010-05-14 MA ME-CT Osman 1978 Hydractinia echinata

(Fleming) Hydractinia sp. VA VA-FL Calder 1971

Hydractinia echinata Hydractinia sp. VA VA-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Hydractinia echinata Hydractinia sp. NC VA-FL Sutherland, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1977 Hydractinia echinata Fleming Hydractinia sp. NC VA-FL McDougall 1943,

Karlson 1975, 1978 Hydractinia polyclina Agassiz Hydractinia polyclina L. Agassiz, 1862; 2010-05-14 MA ME-CT Nutting 1901 Laomedea calceolifera Laomedea calceolifera (Hincks, 1871); 2004-12-21 Northeastern


Leptogorgia vingulata E. & H. Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck, 1815); 2008-01-16 NC NY-FL McDougall 1943 Leptogorgia virgulata Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck, 1815); 2008-01-16 NC NY-FL Leversee 1976 Lytocarpus philippinus

(Kirchenpauer) Macrorhynchia philippina Kirchenpauer, 1872; 2004-12-21 FL FL Weiss 1948

Lytocarpus philippinus Macrorhynchia philippina Kirchenpauer, 1872; 2004-12-21 FL FL Cummings 1994 Metridium dianthus (Ellis) Metridium dianthus; 2005-05-25; authority is (Ellis, 1768) Canada-MA ME-MA Miner 1950 Metridium dianthus (Ellis) Metridium dianthus; 2005-05-25; authority is (Ellis, 1768) MA ME-MA Sumner et al. 1913 Metridium dianthus Metridium dianthus; 2005-05-25; authority is (Ellis, 1768) ME ME-MA Fuller 1946 Metridium marginatum Milne-

Edwards Metridium marginatum; 2005-05-25 MA ME-VA Verrill & Smith 1874,

Miner 1913 Metridium senelis Metridium senile (Linnaeus, 1761); 2009-09-01 NH ME-MD Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Metridium senile Metridium senile (Linnaeus, 1761); 2009-09-01 NH ME-MD Harris & Irons 1982,

Dijkstra et al. 2007, Greene & Grizzle 2007

Metridium senile Metridium senile (Linnaeus, 1761); 2009-09-01 MA ME-MD Osman 1977, 1978, Agius 2007

Metridium senile Metridium senile (Linnaeus, 1761); 2009-09-01 SNE-NY ME-MD Weiss 1995 Millepora alcicornis Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758; 2008-01-16 FL FL Cummings 1994 Moerisia lyonsi (Boulenger,

1908) Moerisia lyonsi Boulenger, 1908; 2004-12-21 MD MD-SC Ma & Purcell 2005a,b

Obelia articulata Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Obelia bicuspidata Clarke Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 ME/MA/CT/

NC/FL ME-FL Fraser 1944

Obelia bicuspidata Clarke Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Smith 1964 Obelia bicuspidata Clarke Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Obelia bicuspidata Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001 Obelia bicuspidata Clarke Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Obelia bidentata Clark Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 RI ME-FL Nutting 1901

8

Obelia commissuralis McCrady

Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME/MA-CT/ NJ/SC

ME-FL Fraser 1944

Obelia commissuralis McCready

Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874


Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901, Sumner et al. 1913

Obelia commissuralis Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Grave 1933, Osman 1978


Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971

Obelia commissuralis Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967, Otsuka & Dauer 1982

Obelia commissuralis Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus) Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME/MA-CT/

NC/SC ME-FL Fraser 1944

Obelia dichotoma Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Obelia dichotoma Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Jewett et al. 2005 Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus) Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Obelia dichotoma Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Walters 1992 Obelia dichotoma Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 SC ME-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus) Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Obelia flabellata Hincks Obelia longissima (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Verrill & Smith 1874 Obelia flabellata (Hincks) Obelia longissima (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Sumner et al. 1913 Obelia gelatinosa Hincks Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Verrill & Smith 1874 Obelia gelatinosa (Pallas) Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA-SC ME-VA Miner 1950 Obelia gelatinosa (Pallas) Hartlaubella gelatinosa (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Nutting 1901 Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus) Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME/MA-CT/

MD/NC-SC ME-FL Fraser 1944

Obelia geniculata Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Obelia geniculata Allman Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus) Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901, Sumner et al.

1913, Smith 1964 Obelia geniculata Obelia geniculata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Obelia hyalina Clarke Obelia hyalina Clarke, 1879; 2009-10-06 MA/NJ/VA-

NC/GE-FL MA-FL Fraser 1944

Obelia hyalina Clarke Obelia hyalina Clarke, 1879; 2009-10-06 NC MA-FL Fraser 1910 Obelia hyalina Obelia hyalina Clarke, 1879; 2009-10-06 FL MA-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Obelia longicyatha Allman Obelia longicyatha Allman, 1877; 2008-01-16 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Obelia longicyatha Obelia longicyatha Allman, 1877; 2008-01-16 VA ME-FL Otsuka & Dauer 1982 Obelia longissima Pallas Obelia longissima (Pallas, 1776); 2004-12-21 NY ME-VA Judge & Craig 1997 Obelia oxydentata Stechow Obelia bidentata Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Obelia pyriformis Verrill Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Obelia pyriformis (A. Agassiz) Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Opercularella lacerata

(Johnston) Opercularella lacerata (Johnston, 1847); 2004-12-21 ME/MA/CT ME-CT Fraser 1944

Opercularella lacerata Hincks Opercularella lacerata (Johnston, 1847); 2004-12-21 CT ME-CT Nutting 1901 Opercularella pumila Clark Opercularella pumila Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 Canada to FL ME-VA Miner 1950 Opercularella pumila Clark Opercularella pumila Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 ME/MA/NY ME-VA Fraser 1944 Opercularella pumila Opercularella pumila Clark, 1875; 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Osman 1977, 1978 Palythoa mammillosa Palythoa mammillosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 FL NC-FL Cummings 1994 Parypha crocea Agassiz Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Pennaria tiarella (Ayres) Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 Gulf of ME/

MA/ NJ/NC/ SC/FL

ME-FL Fraser 1944

Pennaria tiarella McCrady Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 ME-West Indies

ME-FL Miner 1950

Pennaria tiarella McCready Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Pennaria tiarella McCrady Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901,

Sumner et al. 1913 Pennaria tiarella Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Pennaria tiarella Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Pennaria tiarella Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Holm et al. 1997

Pennaria tiarella McCrady Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Pennaria tiarella (Ayres) Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943,

Karlson 1975, 1978 Pennaria tiarella (Ayres) Pennaria disticha (Goldfuss, 1820); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Plumularia diaphana (Heller) Sertularella diaphana (Allman, 1885); 2008-01-16 FL FL Weiss 1948 Sargatia leucolena Verrill Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-18 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874 Sargatia leucolena Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-18 MA ME-NC Miner 1913 Sargatia leucolena Diadumene leucolena (Verrill, 1866); 2009-09-18 MD ME-NC Cory 1967

9

Sarsia tubulosa Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars, 1835); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Osman 1978 Sarsia tubulosum/tubulosa Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars, 1835); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Osman 1977 Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars) Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars, 1835); 2004-12-21 VA ME-VA Calder 1971 Schizotricha tenella (Verrill) Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 MA/CT/NC ME-FL Fraser 1944 Schizotricha tenella Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 Northeastern


Schizotricha tenella Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Schizotricha tenella (Verrill) Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901,


Schizotricha tenella (Verrill) Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Schizotricha tenella Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Sagasti et al. 2000 Schizotricha tenella (Verrill) Halopteris tenella (Verrill,1874); 2008-09-05 NC ME-FL Fraser 1910 Sertularia argentea Sertularia argentea Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 VA ME-NC Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Sagasti et al. 2000 Sertularia cupressina

(=Thuiaria argentea) Sertularia argentea Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-NC Weiss 1995

Sertularia pumila Linné Dynamena pumila (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874 Sertularella rugosa Linneaus Sertularella rugosa (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-SC Nutting 1901 Siderastrea radians Siderastrea radians Pallas; 2008-01-16 FL FL Cummings 1994 Syncoryne mirabilis Agassiz Sarsia tubulosa (M. Sars, 1835); 2004-12-21 MA ME-VA Sumner et al. 1913 Thyroscypha marginatus Thyroscyphus marginatus (Allman, 1877); 2009-08-14 FL NC-FL Cummings 1994 Tubilaria larynx Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 MA ME-NJ Osman 1977 Tubularia couthouyi Agassiz Tubularia couthouyi Agassiz, 1862; 2008-01-06 MA ME-MA Sumner et al. 1913 Tubularia cristata McCrady Ectopleura dumortierii (Van Beneden, 1844); 2009-07-15 NC-SC/FL MA-FL Fraser 1944 Tubularia crocea (Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 ME/MA-CT/

FL ME-FL Fraser 1944

Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Tubularia crocea (Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Tubularia crocea (L. Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 ME ME-FL Tyrrell & Byers 2007 Tubularia crocea (Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 MA ME-FL Nutting 1901,


Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 MA ME-FL Miner 1913 Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 MD ME-FL Dean & Hurd 1980,

Dean 1981, Smedes & Hurd 1981

Tubularia crocea (L. Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 VA ME-FL Calder 1971 Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Holm et al. 1997

Tubularia crocea (Agassiz) Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943, Karlson 1975, 1978

Tubularia crocea Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862); 2009-07-07 SC ME-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Tubularia larynx Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 SNE-NY ME-NJ Weiss 1995 Tubularia larynx Ellis &

Solander Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 MA ME-NJ Smith 1964

Tubularia larynx Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 MA ME-NJ Osman 1978, Grosberg 1981 Tubularia spectabilis (Agassiz) Ectopleura larynx (Ellis & Solander, 1786); 2008-01-16 ME/MA-RI ME-NJ Fraser 1944 Turritopsis nutricula McCrady Turritopsis nutricula McCrady, 1857; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Fraser 1910 Turritopsis nutricula Turritopsis nutricula McCrady, 1857; 2004-12-21 SC MA-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Zanclea costata Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1857; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Zanclea gemmosa Zanclea gemmosa McCrady, 1859; 2010-03-15 MA MA Osman 1977, 1978 Phylum Annelida Amphitrite attenuata Moore Amphitrite attenuata Moore, 1906; 2008-03-26 MA MA Sumner et al. 1913 Amphitrite ornata (Leidy) Amphitrite ornata (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MA ME-GE Sumner et al. 1913 Amphitrite ornata Amphitrite ornata (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MD ME-GE Foster et al. 1994 Amphitrite ornata (Verrill) Amphitrite ornata (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 SC ME-GE Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Branchiomma nigromaculata Branchiomma nigromaculata (Baird, 1865); 2010-10-05 FL FL Mook 1976, 1980, 1983,

Cummings 1994 Dasychone conspersa Ehlers Branchiomma conspersum (Ehlers, 1887); 2011-01-11 FL FL Weiss 1948 Demonax microphthalma Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 VA MA-FL Jewett et al. 2005 Demonax microphthalmus

(Verrill) Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 SC MA-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

Eteone heteropoda Hypereteone heteropoda (Hartman, 1951); 2008-03-26 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Eteone heteropoda Hypereteone heteropoda (Hartman, 1951); 2008-03-26 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Fabricia sabella Fabricia sabella (Ehrenberg, 1836); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Fabricia stellaris Blainville Fabricia stellaris (Müller, 1774); 2008-03-26 MA ME-MA Sumner et al. 1913 Ficopomatus enigmaticus Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1923); 2008-11-04 VA VA-FL Jewett et al. 2005

10

Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA ME-FL Miner 1913, Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Hydroides dianthus Verrill Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Hydroides dianthus Verrill Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA-FL ME-FL Miner 1950 Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1998 Hydroides dianthus (Verrill) Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 NJ ME-FL Peterson 1979 Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MD ME-FL Dean & Hurd 1980, Dean

1981, Smedes & Hurd 1981 Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 VA ME-FL Otsuka & Dauer 1982,


Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, Sutherland & Karlson 1977, Karlson 1975, Walters 1992, Holm et al. 1997

Hydroides dianthus Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 FL ME-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Hydroides hexagona Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Hydroides hexagonis Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA ME-FL Grave 1933 Hydroides hexagonus Bose Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Hydroides parvus Treadwell Hydroides parvus (Treadwell, 1902); 2009-01-25 FL FL Weiss 1948 Lepraea rubra Verrill Terebella verrilli Holthe, 1986; 2008-03-26 MA MA-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Lepraea rubra (Verrill) Terebella verrilli Holthe, 1986; 2008-03-26 MA MA-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Myxicola infundibulum Myxicola infundibulum (Montagu, 1808); 2008-03-26 MA ME-NJ Osman 1978 Nicolea simplex Verrill Nicolea zostericola Örsted, 1844; 2008-03-26 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874,

Sumner et al. 1913 Nicolea venustula Nicolea venustula (Montagu, 1818); 2008-03-26 MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978 Parasabella microphthalmia

(Verrill) Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 MA MA-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Phragmatopoma lapidosa Phragmatopoma lapidosa Kinberg, 1866; 2008-03-26 FL FL Cummings 1994 Podarkeopsis levifuscana Podarkeopsis levifuscina Perkins, 1984; 2008-03-26 VA MA-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Polycirrus eximius Verrill Polycirrus eximius (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Polycirrus eximus Polycirrus eximius (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Polycirrus eximius (Leidy) Polycirrus eximius (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Polycirrus phosphoreus Polycirrus phosphoreus Verrill, 1880; 2008-03-26 MA ME-DE Osman 1978 Polydora ciliata Polydora ciliata (Johnston, 1838); 2008-03-26 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Polydora colonia Moore Polydora colonia Moore, 1907: 2008-03-26 MA MA-SC Sumner et al. 1913 Polydora cornuta Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802; 2008-03-26 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001 Polydora ligni Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802; 2008-03-26 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Potamilla neglecta Potamilla neglecta (Sars, 1851); 2008-03-26 MA ME-VA Osman 1978 Potamilla oculifera Verrill Pseudopotamilla oculifera (Leidy, 1855); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Potamilla reniformis Potamilla reniformis (Bruguière, 1789); 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Protula tubularia Protula tubularia (Montagu, 1803); 2008-11-04 MA ME-SC Osman 1978 Sabella microphthalma Verrill Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 MA MA-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Sabella microphthalma Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 MA MA-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Sabella microphthalma Parasabella microphthalma (Verrill, 1873); 2010-10-09 VA MA-FL Otsuka & Dauer 1982,

Sagasti et al. 2000 Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill, 1873; 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Sabellaria vulgaris Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill, 1873; 2008-03-26 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Sabellaria vulgaris Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill, 1873; 2008-03-26 MD ME-FL Smedes & Hurd 1981,

Foster et al. 1994 Sabellaria vulgaris Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill, 1873; 2008-03-26 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001 Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill Sabellaria vulgaris Verrill, 1873; 2008-03-26 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Serpula dianthus Verrill Hydroides dianthus (Verrill, 1873); 2008-11-04 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Spirorbis borealis Daudin Spirorbis borealis Daudin, 1800; 2008-03-26 MA ME-NY Verrill & Smith 1874 Spirorbis borealis Spirorbis borealis Daudin, 1800; 2008-03-26 MA ME-NY Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981 Spirorbis pagenstecheri Janua pagenstecheri (de Quatrefages, 1865); 2008-03-26 MA MA Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981 Spirorbis spirillum Linnaeus Spirorbis spirillum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2008-03-26 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Spirorbis spirorbis Spirorbis spirorbis (Linnaeus, 1758); 2008-03-26 ME ME-MA Fuller 1946 Spirorbis violaceus Paradexiospira violaceus (Levinsen, 1883); 2008-03-26 MA ME-MA Osman 1978 Phylum Arthropoda Amphibalanus amphitrite

(Darwin) Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854); 2009-10-06 SC MA-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould)

Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 SC ME-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin)

Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 SC MA-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

11

Amphithoe longimana Ampithoe longimana Smith, 1873; 2005-05-07 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Balanus amphitrite Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 MA MA-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995a Balanus amphitrite Darwin Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 MA/CT MA-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Balanus amphitrite Balanus amphitrite complex NC Sutherland 1978,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Walters 1992, Holm et al. 1997

Balanus amphitrite Darwin Balanus amphitrite complex MA Sumner et al. 1913 Balanus amphitrite niveus Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 MA MA-FL Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981 Balanus amphitrite niveus

Darwin Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943,

Dean & Bellis 1975 Balanus amphitrite niveus

Darwin Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 FL MA-FL Weiss 1948

Balanus amphitrite niveus Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 FL MA-FL Smith 1946 Balanus amphitrite Balanus amphitrite complex FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1976, 1980, 1983, McPherson et al. 1984, Cummings 1994, Nelson et al. 1994

Balanus amphitrite Darwin Balanus amphitrite complex FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Balanus balanoides Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 ME ME-NJ Fuller 1946 Balanus balanoides Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NH ME-NJ Harris & Irons 1982 Balanus balanoides Stimpson Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NJ Verrill & Smith 1874 Balanus balanoides (Linnaeus) Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NJ Sumner et al. 1913 Balanus balanoides Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NJ Grave 1933,

Osman 1977, 1978 Balanus balanoides Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NJ ME-NJ Peterson 1979 Balanus crenatus Balanus crenatus Bruguière, 1789; 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Balanus crenatus Bruguière Balanus crenatus Bruguière, 1789; 2004-12-21 ME-FL ME-FL Miner 1950 Balanus crenatus Bruguière Balanus crenatus Bruguière, 1789; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Balanus crenatus Balanus crenatus Bruguière, 1789; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982 Balanus eberneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 MA ME-FL Grave 1933,

Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Balanus eburneus Gould Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874, Sumner et al. 1913, Parker 1924

Balanus eburneus Gould Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Balanus eburneus Gould Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 NY ME-FL Judge & Craig 1997 Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 NJ ME-FL Peterson 1979 Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982, Sagasti et al. 2000, Jewett et al. 2005

Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1978, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Holm et al. 1997

Balanus eburneus Gould Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943, Dean & Bellis 1975

Balanus eburneus Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 FL ME-FL Pomerat & Reiner 1942, Mook 1976, 1980, 1981b, 1983, McPherson et al. 1984

Balanus eburneus Gould Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841); 2010-10-22 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944, Weiss 1948

Balanus improvisus Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 MD ME-FL Dean & Hurd 1980, Dean 1981, Smedes & Hurd 1981

Balanus improvisus Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Balanus improvisus Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,


Balanus improvisus Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1978, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977

Balanus improvisus Darwin Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943,

12

Dean & Bellis 1975 Balanus improvisus Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 FL ME-FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1976, McPherson et al. 1984

Balanus improvisus Darwin Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944, Weiss 1948

Balanus reticulatus Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi, 1967); 2009-10-06 FL FL McPherson et al. 1984 Balanus subalbidus Amphibalanus subalbidus (Henry, 1974); 2010-10-22 NC MA-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Balanus subalbidus Amphibalanus subalbidus (Henry, 1974); 2010-10-22 FL MA-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Balanus tintinnabulum Linné Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Balanus tintinnabulum

(Linnaeus) Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Balanus tintinnabulum Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Sutherland 1978, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977

Balanus trigonus Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854; 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL Williams et al. 1984 Balanus trigonus (Darwin) Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854; 2004-12-21 SC NC-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Balanus trigonus Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854; 2004-12-21 SC NC-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Balanus trigonus Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Mook 1976, 1980, 1983,

Nelson et al. 1994 Balanus venustus Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 SC MA-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Balanus venustus Amphibalanus venustus (Darwin, 1854); 2010-10-22 FL MA-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Chthamalus fragilis Darwin Chthamalus fragilis; 2005-05-24 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943 Chthamalus fragilis Darwin Chthamalus fragilis; 2005-05-24 FL MA-FL Weiss 1948 Chthamalus fragilis Chthamalus fragilis; 2005-05-24 FL MA-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Chthamalus stellatus (Poli) Chthamalus stellatus (Poli, 1795); 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Chthamalus stellata Chthamalus stellatus (Poli, 1795); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Smith et al. 1950 Conchoderma auritum

(Linnaeus) Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Conchoderma aurita Olfers Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Conchoderma virgata Olfers Conchoderma virgatum Spengler, 1789; 2010-10-22 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Conchoderma virgatum

(Spengler) Conchoderma virgatum Spengler, 1789; 2010-10-22 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Conchoderma virgatum (Spengler)

Conchoderma virgatum Spengler, 1789; 2010-10-22 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948

Corophium ascherusicum Costa

Monocorophium ascherusicum (Costa, 1857); 2009-11-20 ME ME-FL Field 1982

Corophium ascherusicum (Costa)

Monocorophium ascherusicum (Costa, 1857); 2009-11-20 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975, 1978

Corophium cylindricum Smith Monocorophium cylindricum (Say, 1818); 2007-02-14 MA MA-NJ Verrill & Smith 1874 Corophium lacustre Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhöffen, 1911); 2005-03-24 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Corophium lacustre Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhöffen, 1911); 2005-03-24 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Corophium lacustre Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhöffen, 1911); 2005-03-24 FL ME-FL Mook 1981b, 1983 Cymadusa compta Cymadusa compta (Smith, 1873); 2010-07-12 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Lepas anatifera Linné Lepas anatifera Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Lepas anatifera Linnaeus Lepas anatifera Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Lepas anatifera Leach Lepas anatifera Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Lepas anatifera Lepas anatifera Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Smith et al. 1950 Lepas anserifera Linné Lepas anserifera Linnaeus, 1767; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Lepas hilli (Leach) Lepas hilli Leach, 1818; 2004-12-21 MA MA Sumner et al. 1913 Lepas pectinata Spengler Lepas pectinata Spengler, 1793; 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Megabalanus antillensis Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL McPherson et al. 1984,

Cummings 1994 Semibalanus balanoides Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NJ Osman & Whitlatch 1995a Semibalanus balanoides (L.) Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-NJ Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Semibalanus balanoides (L.) Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NY ME-NJ Franz 1989 Tetraclita squamosa floridana

Pilsbry Tetraclita squamosa Darwin; 1998-07-10 FL FL Weiss 1948

Tetraclita squamosa Tetraclita squamosa Darwin; 1998-07-10 FL FL Smith et al. 1950 Tetraclita stylactifera Tetraclita stylactifera (Lamarck, 1818); 2009-10-06 FL FL McPherson et al. 1984 Phylum Mollusca Anadara ovalis Lunarca ovalis (Bruguière, 1789): 2009-10-06 FL VA-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Anadara transversa Anadara transversa (Say, 1822); 2005-05-19 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Anadara transversa Anadara transversa (Say, 1822); 2005-05-19 FL ME-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Anomia glabra Verrill Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Anomia simplex Orbigny Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Anomia simplex Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 ME ME-FL Fuller 1946 Anomia simplex Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 NH ME-FL Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Anomia simplex Orbigny Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 MA ME-FL Hunter & Brown 1964 Anomia simplex Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Anomia simplex D'Orbigny Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943

13

Anomia simplex D'Orbigny Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944, Weiss 1948

Anomia simplex Anomia simplex D'Orbigny, 1853; 2010-03-31 FL ME-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Brachidontes exustus

(Linnaeus) Brachidontes exustus (Linnaeus, 1758); 2009-06-03 SC NC-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009

Brachidontes exustus Brachidontes exustus (Linnaeus, 1758); 2009-06-03 FL NC-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Brachidontes recurvus Ischadium recurvum (Rafinesque, 1820); 2005-05-20 MD MA-FL Cory 1967 Brachidontes recurvus Ischadium recurvum (Rafinesque, 1820); 2005-05-20 VA MA-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Brachidontes recurvus Ischadium recurvum (Rafinesque, 1820); 2005-05-20 NC MA-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Chama macerophylla Chama macerophylla Gmelin, 1791; 2009-06-03 FL NC-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Congeria leucopheata Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad, 1831); 2005-05-20 NC NY-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Corbula barattiana Corbula barattiana C.B. Adams, 1852; 2010-09-23 FL NC-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982 Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975,

Walters 1992 Crassostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Mook 1980,

McPherson et al. 1984, Dalby & Young 1992

Crepidula fornicata Lamarck Crepidula fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Crepidula fornicata Crepidula fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Crepidula fornicata Crepidula fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Foster et al. 1994 Crepidula fornicata Crepidula fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Dinocardium robustum Dinocardium robustum (Lightfoot, 1786); 2009-01-22 FL VA-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Hiatella arctica Hiatella arctica (Linnaeus, 1767); 2007-03-13 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982,

Greene & Grizzle 2007, Dijkstra & Harris 2009

Ischadium recurvum Ischadium recurvum (Rafinesque, 1820); 2005-05-20 FL MA-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Isognoma alata Gmelin Isognomon alatus (Gmelin, 1791); 2009-10-06 FL FL Weiss 1948 Isognoma alata Isognomon alatus (Gmelin, 1791); 2009-10-06 FL FL McPherson et al. 1984 Isognoma radiatus Isognomon radiatus (Anton, 1838); 2010-09-23 FL NC-FL McPherson et al. 1984,

Cummings 1994 Macoma balthica Macoma balthica (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Macoma balthica Macoma balthica (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Martesia striata Martesia striata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2010-09-23 FL NC-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Modiolus demissus Guekensia demissa (Dillwyn, 1817); 2010-03-31 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Modiolus demissus Guekensia demissa (Dillwyn, 1817); 2010-03-31 NJ ME-FL Peterson 1979 Modiolus demissus (Dillwyn) Guekensia demissa (Dillwyn, 1817); 2010-03-31 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Modiolus demissus Guekensia demissa (Dillwyn, 1817); 2010-03-31 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Modiolus modiolus Modiolus modiolus (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Modiolus modiolus (Lamarck) Modiolus modiolus (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Modiolus modiolus (Linnaeus) Modiolus modiolus (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Mytilopsis leucophaeata Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad, 1831); 2005-05-20 FL NY-FL McPherson et al. 1984 Mytilus edulis Linnaeus Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 Arctic-NC ME-GE Miner 1950 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 ME ME-GE Fuller 1946 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 NH ME-GE Harris & Irons 1982,

Dijkstra et al. 2007, Greene & Grizzle 2007, Dijkstra & Harris 2009

Mytilus edulis Linné Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA ME-GE Verrill & Smith 1874 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA ME-GE Miner 1913,

Osman 1977, 1978 Mytilus edulis L. Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA ME-GE Hunter & Brown 1964 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-GE Osman & Whitlatch 1998 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 CT ME-GE Stachowicz et al. 1999, 2002 Mytilus edulis L. Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 NY ME-GE Franz 1989 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 NJ ME-GE Peterson 1979 Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 MD ME-GE Dean & Hurd 1980,

Dean 1981, Smedes & Hurd 1981, Foster et al. 1994

Mytilus edulis Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 VA ME-GE Otsuka & Dauer 1982 Mytilus edulis (Linnaeus) Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758; 2004-12-21 NC ME-GE McDougall 1943 Mytilus hamatus Say Ischadium recurvum (Rafinesque, 1820); 2005-05-20 FL MA-FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Ostraea virginiana Lister Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Ostrea equestris Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 NC VA-FL Sutherland 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1977 Ostrea equestris Say Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 NC VA-FL Karlson 1975, 1978 Ostrea equestris Say Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 SC VA-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Ostrea equestris Say Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 FL VA-FL Dalby & Young 1993

14

Ostrea equestris Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 FL VA-FL Cummings 1994 Ostrea virginica Gmelin Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Ostrea virginica Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Smith et al. 1950 Ostrea virginica Gmelin Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944,

Weiss 1948 Ostreola equestris Ostrea equestris Say, 1834; 2010-07-09 FL VA-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Perna viridis (Linnaeus) Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758); 2008-10-01 SC SC-FL Crickenberger & Sotka 2009 Pinctada imbricata Pinctada imbricata Röding, 1798; 2010-03-09 FL NC-FL Cummings 1994 Pinctada radiata Leach Pinctada radiata (Leach, 1814); 2004-12-21 FL FL Weiss 1948 Pteria colymbus Bolten Pteria colymbus (Röding, 1798); 2010-03-09 NC NC-FL McDougall 1943 Phylum Entoprocta Barentsia laxa Barentsia laxa Kirkpatrick, 1890; 2007-09-05 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Barentsia laxa Kirkpatrick Barentsia laxa Kirkpatrick, 1890; 2007-09-05 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Barentsia major Barentsia major Hincks, 1889; 2007-09-05 MA ME-CT Osman 1978 Barentsia major Hincks Barentsia major Hincks, 1889; 2007-09-05 MA ME-CT Osburn 1910,

Miner 1950, Rogick 1964a

Pedicellina cernua Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Pedicellina cernua (Pallas) Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 Canada-MA ME-FL Miner 1950 Pedicellina cernua Pallas Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Pedicellina cernua (Pallas) Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Rogick & Croasdale 1949,

Rogick 1964a Pedicellina cernua Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Pedicellina cernua (Pallas) Pedicellina cernua (Pallas, 1774); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Phylum Bryozoa Acanthodesia tenella (Hincks) Membranipora tenella Hincks, 1880; 2009-10-06 FL FL Weiss 1948 Acanthodesia tenuis Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Acanthodesia tenuis (Desor) Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Acanthodesia tenuis Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Pomerat & Reiner 1942 Aetea anguina (Linné) Aetea anguina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910 Aetea anguina (Linnaeus) Aetea anguina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913 Aetea anguina (Linnaeus) Aetea anguina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Aetea sica (Couch) Aetea sica (Couch, 1844); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Aetea truncata Aetea truncata (Landsborough, 1852); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Winston 1995 Aeverrillia armata (Verrill) Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 MA ME-FL Rogick 1964b Aeverrillia armata Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967 Aeverrillia armata Verrill Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 FL ME-FL McCann et al. 2007 Alcyonidium hauffi Alcyonidium hauffi Marcus, 1939; 2010-04-27 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975 Alcyonidium mammillatum

Alder Alcyonidium mamillatum Alder, 1857; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1957

Alcyonidium mytili Dalyell Alcyonidioides mytili (Dalyell, 1848); 2010-04-20 MA ME-MA Osburn 1910 Alcyonidium polyoum Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall, 1841); 2007-06-05 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Alcyonidium polyoum Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall, 1841); 2007-06-05 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall) Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall, 1841); 2007-06-05 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Alcyonidium polyoum Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall, 1841); 2007-06-05 FL ME-FL Winston 1995, 1982 Alcyonidium verrilli Osburn Alcyonidium verrilli Osburn, 1912; 2010-03-22 NC ME-NC McDougall 1943 Amathia brasiliensis Busk Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 NC NC-FL McDougall 1943 Amathia dichotoma (Verrill) Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-VA Osburn 1910,

Sumner et al. 1913 Amathia dichotoma Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-VA Sumner et al. 1911 Amathia dichotoma (Verrill) Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 NJ ME-VA Miner 1950 Amathia distans Amathia distans Busk, 1886; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Winston 1995 Amathia vidovici (Heller) Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-VA Rogick 1964b Amathia vidovici Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 SNE-NY ME-VA Weiss 1995 Amathia vidovici (Heller) Amathia vidovici (Heller, 1867); 2004-12-21 FL FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Amphiblestrum flemingii Amphiblestrum flemingii (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 NH ME-NC Harris & Irons 1982 Anguinella palmata Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845; 2004-12-21 VA MA-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,


Anguinella palmata Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Sutherland 1978, 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1977

Anguinella palmata Van Beneden

Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943, Maturo 1959, Karlson 1975, 1978

Anguinella palmata Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845; 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Winston 1995 Anguinella palmata Van

Beneden Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845; 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL McCann et al. 2007

Aplousina gigantea Canu & Bassler

Aplousina gigantea Canu & Bassler, 1927; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

15

Beania klugei Cook Beania klugei Cook, 1968; 2009-10-06 FL FL Winston 2009 Bicellaria ciliata (Linné) Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2006-07-18 MA MA-CT Osburn 1910 Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus) Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2006-07-18 MA MA-CT Rogick 1964b,

Sumner et al. 1913 Biflustra denticulata (Smitt) Biflustra denticulata (Busk, 1856); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007 Biflustra savartii (Audouin) Biflustra arborescens (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2007-06-04 FL MA-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Bowerbankia gracilis (Leidy) Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Tyrrell & Byers 2007 Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 ME-CT ME-FL Miner 1950 Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982 Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910,

Rogick 1964b, Sumner et al. 1913

Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a

Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943,

Maturo 1959 Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Bowerbankia gracilis Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Winston 1995, 1982 Bowerbankia imbricata Bowerbankia tertia new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Bowerbankia imbricata Bowerbankia tertia new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 SNE and NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Bowerbankia maxima Winston Bowerbankia maxima Winston, 1982; 2010-04-27 FL FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Bowerbankia maxima Bowerbankia maxima Winston, 1982; 2010-04-27 FL FL Winston 1995 Bugula avicularia (Linnaeus) Bugula avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Bugula avicularia Bugula avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975 Bugula avicularia (Linnaeus) Bugula avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Bugula californica Robertson Bugula californica Robertson, 1905; 2009-05-29 NC NC-FL Maturo 1957, 1959 Bugula flabellata (Thompson) Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston &

Hayward 2012 ME-MA ME-FL Miner 1950

Bugula flabellata Busk Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874

Bugula flabellata (Thompson) Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-FL Osburn 1910, Rogick & Croasdale 1949

Bugula flabellata Thompson Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913

Bugula flabellata Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1911, Grave 1933

Bugula flabellata Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21; see Winston & Hayward 2012

NJ ME-FL Peterson 1979

Bugula flabellata (Thompson) Bugula flabellata (Thompson, in Gray 1848); 2010-11-30 FL FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Bugula neritana Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Cummings 1994 Bugula neritina Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 CT MA-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Bugula neritina Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Walters 1992, Holm et al. 1997

Bugula neritina (Linnaeus) Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943, Maturo 1959, Karlson 1975, 1978

Bugula neritina (Linnaeus) Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 NC-SC/FL MA-FL Winston & Woollacott 2008 Bugula neritina (Linnaeus) Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Weiss 1948,

McCann et al. 2007, Winston 2009

Bugula neritina Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Pomerat & Reiner 1942, Smith et al. 1950, Mook 1976, 1980, 1983, Winston 1995, 1982

Bugula neritina (L.) Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Bugula simplex Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21 NH ME-FL Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Bugula simplex Hincks Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Rogick 1964b Bugula simplex Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Grosberg 1981, Myers 1990,

Agius 2007 Bugula simplex Bugula simplex Hincks, 1886; 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Bugula stolonifera Bugula stolonifera Ryland, 1960; 2004-12-21 NH NH-FL Dijkstra et al. 2007

16

Bugula stolonifera Bugula stolonifera Ryland, 1960; 2004-12-21 MA NH-FL Grosberg 1981,Myers 1990 Bugula stolonifera Bugula stolonifera Ryland, 1960; 2004-12-21 MA/CT NH-FL Osman, Whitlatch &

Malatesta 1992 Bugula stolonifera Bugula stolonifera Ryland, 1960; 2004-12-21 FL NH-FL Mook 1976, 1980, 1983,

Winston 1982, 1995 Bugula stolonifera Ryland Bugula stolonifera Ryland, 1960; 2004-12-21 FL NH-FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Bugula turrita (Desor) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 ME-NC ME-FL Miner 1950 Bugula turrita Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 NH ME-FL Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Bugula turrita Verrill Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Bugula turrita Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981, Myers 1990, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Bugula turrita (Desor) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910, Sumner et al. 1913, Parker 1924, Rogick & Croasdale 1949

Bugula turrita Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 MA/CT ME-FL Osman, Whitlatch & Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1998

Bugula turrita (Desar) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Bugula turrita Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Bugula turrita Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 CT ME-FL Stachowicz & Byrnes 2006 Bugula turrita (Desor) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 CT ME-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007,

Osman & Whitlatch 2007 Bugula turrita (Desor) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 NY ME-FL Franz 1989 Bugula turrita (Desor) Bugula turrita (Desor, 1848); 2005-05-30 NC ME-FL Maturo 1957, 1959 Buskia armata Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 FL ME-FL Winston 1995 Callopora aurita Amphiblestrum auritum (Hincks, 1877); 2004-12-21 MA ME-CT Osman 1977, 1978 Callopora craticula (Alder) Callopora thaxterae new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 ME ME-MA Field 1982 Callopora craticula Callopora thaxterae new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 ME ME-MA Fuller 1946 Callopora lineata Callopora thaxterae new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-MA Osman 1978 Caulibugula armata Verrill Caulibugula armata Verrill, 1900; 2010-01-22 FL FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Cellepora dichotoma Buskea dichotoma (Hincks, 1862); 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Osman 1978 Celleporaria albirostris

(Smitt) Celleporaria albirostris (Smitt, 1873); 2009-05-12 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Celleporaria pilaefera (Canu & Bassler)

Celleporaria pilaefera (Canu & Bassler, 1929); 1997-12-03 FL FL McCann et al. 2007

Celleporina costazii (Audouin) Celleporina costazii (Audouin, 1826); 2003-12-31 FL FL Long & Rucker 1970 Cleidochasma porcellanum

(Busk) Cleidochasma affinis (Milne-Edwards, 1836); 2007-06-04 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Conopeum chesapeakensis Conopeum chesapeakensis (Banta, Perez & Santagata, 1995); see Winston & Hayward 2012

VA MD-FL Jewett et al. 2005

Conopeum chesapeakensis (Banta et al.)

Conopeum chesapeakensis (Banta, Perez & Santagata, 1995); see Winston & Hayward 2012

FL MD-FL McCann et al. 2007

Conopeum seurati Conopeum chesapeakensis (Banta, Perez & Santagata, 1995); see Winston & Hayward 2012

FL MD-FL Mook 1983, Winston 1995, 1982

Conopeum tenuissem Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 VA ME-FL Jewett et al. 2005 Conopeum tenuissium Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2001 Conopeum tenuissimum Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 MD ME-FL Smedes & Hurd 1981 Conopeum tenuissimum Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 VA ME-FL Sagasti et al. 2000 Conopeum tenuissimum Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 FL ME-FL Mook 1976, 1983,

Winston 1995 Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu) Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22 FL ME-FL McCann et al. 2007 Cribilina punctata Cribrilina macropunctata Winston, Hayward & Craig 2000; see

Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978

Cribrilaria radiata (Moll) Puellina radiata (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Crisia eburnea (Linné) Crisia osburni new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-NC Osburn 1910 Crisia eburnea (Linnaeus) Crisia osburni new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-NC Sumner et al. 1913 Crisia eburnea Lamouroux Crisia osburni new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874 Crisia eburnea Crisia osburni new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978 Crisia elongata Crisia elongata Milne Edwards, 1838; 2010-04-27 FL FL Winston 1995 Cryptosula pallasiana

Levinson Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Tyrrell & Byers 2007

Cryptosula pallasiana Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a

Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Rogick & Croasdale 1949 Cryptosula pallasiana Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman, Whitlatch &

Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1998

17

Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Cryptosula pallasiana Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Stachowicz et al. 1999, 2002,

Stachowicz & Byrnes 2006 Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Cryptosula pallasiana Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Winston 1982, 1995 Cryptosula pallasina Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 NH ME-FL Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Electra bengalensis (Stoliczka) Electra bengalensis (Stoliczka, 1869); 2010-04-27 FL FL McCann et al. 2007 Electra crustulenta Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22; see Winston

& Hayward 2012 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981 Electra crustulenta Electra crustulenta species group; see Winston & Hayward 2012 VA Calder & Brehmer 1967 Electra crustulenta Electra crustulenta species group; see Winston & Hayward 2012 NC Dean & Bellis 1975 Electra crustulenta (Pallas) Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22; see Winston

& Hayward 2012 NC ME-FL Maturo 1957, 1959

Electra crustulenta (Pallas) Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22; see Winston & Hayward 2012

FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944

Electra hastingsae Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Electra hastingsae Marcus Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Rogick & Croasdale 1949 Electra hastingsae Marcus Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Electra hastingseae Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Pomerat & Reiner 1942 Electra monostachys (Busk) Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Electra monostachys (Busk) Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Richards & Clapp 1944 Electra pilosa (Linnaeus) Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME ME-NC Tyrrell & Byers 2007 Electra pilosa Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME ME-NC Fuller 1946 Electra pilosa Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 NH ME-NC Harris & Irons 1982,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009, Dijkstra et al. 2007

Electra pilosa Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Osman 1978, Agius 2007

Escharina pesanseris (Smitt) Escharina pesanseris (Smitt, 1873); 1997-12-10 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Escharella variabilis Verrill Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward

2012 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874

Eucratea chelata Scruparia chelata (Linnaeus, 1758): 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Sumner et al. 1911 Eucratea chelata (Linnaeus) Scruparia chelata (Linnaeus, 1758): 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Sumner et al. 1913 Eucratea chelata (Linné) Scruparia chelata (Linnaeus, 1758): 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Osburn 1910 Hippaliosina rostrigera (Smitt) Hippaliosina rostrigera (Smitt, 1873); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970,

Winston 1982 Hippodiplosia americana

(Verrill) Hippoporina verrilli Maturo & Schopf, 1968; 2009-10-06 NC MA-FL Maturo 1959

Hippodiplosia pertusa Hippoporina verrilli Maturo & Schopf, 1968; 2009-10-06 MA MA-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk) Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk, 1884); 2004-12-21 FL FL McCann et al. 2007 Hippoporina americana

(Verrill) uncertain identity; see Winston & Hayward 2012 FL Long & Rucker 1970

Hippoporina indica (Pillai) Hippoporina indica Madhavan Pillai, 1978; 2010-04-27 FL VA-FL McCann et al. 2007 Hippoporina verrilli Hippoporina verrilli Maturo & Schopf, 1968; 2009-10-06 FL MA-FL Mook 1976, 1983,

Winston 1982, 1995 Hippothoa hyalina Celleporella hyalina (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME ME-NC Fuller 1946 Hippothoa hyalina Celleporella hyalina (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 NH ME-NC Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Hippothoa hyalina (Linnaeus) Celleporella hyalina (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Sumner et al. 1913 Hippothoa hyalina Celleporella hyalina (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978 Hippuraria armata (Verrill) Aeverrillia armata (Verrill, 1873): 2010-03-22 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910,

Sumner et al. 1913 Lepralia americana Verrill Pentapora americana (Verrill, 1875); see Winston & Hayward

2012 MA ME-NC Osburn 1910,

Sumner et al. 1913 Lepralia pallasiana (Moll) Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910,

Sumner et al. 1913 Lichenopora verrucaria Patinella verrucaria (Fabricius, 1780); see Winston & Hayward

2012 ME ME-CT Fuller 1946

Lichenopora verrucaria Patinella verrucaria (Fabricius, 1780); see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-CT Osman 1977, 1978

Membranipora arborescens Biflustra arborescens (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2007-06-04 FL MA-FL Winston 1982 Membranipora aurita (Hincks) Amphiblestrum auritum (Hincks, 1877); 2004-12-21 ME ME-CT Field 1982 Membranipora crustulenta Conopeum tenuissimum (Canu, 1908); 2010-03-22; see Winston

& Hayward 2012 MD ME-FL Cory 1967

Membranipora lineata (Linnaeus)

Callopora thaxterae new species; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-MA Miner 1950, Sumner et al. 1913

Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus)

Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Tyrrell & Byers 2007

Membranipora membranacea Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 NH ME-FL Dijkstra et al. 2007, Dijkstra & Harris 2009

Membranipora membranacea Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Agius 2007 Membranipora membranacea Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Stachowicz et al. 2002

18

Membranipora membranacea Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Membranipora monostachys

Busk Electra monostachys (Busk, 1854); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osburn 1910,

Sumner et al. 1913 Membranipora pilosa Farre Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Verrill & Smith 1874 Membranipora pilosa

(Linnaeus) Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Sumner et al. 1913

Membranipora pilosa (Linn.) Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Parker 1924 Membranipora savartii Biflustra denticulata (Busk, 1856); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Winston 1995 Membranipora tenuis Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Membranipora tenuis Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982, Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001, Jewett et al. 2005

Membranipora tenuis Desor Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Membranipora tenuis Membranipora tenuis Desor, 1848; 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Dean & Bellis 1975,

Walters 1992 Microporella ciliata Microporella rogickae Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000; see

Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-VA Osman 1977, 1978

Microporella ciliata Microporella rogickae Winston, Hayward & Craig, 2000; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA/CT ME-VA Osman & Whitlatch 1998

Microporella ciliata (Pallas) Microporella ciliata species complex; see Felder & Camp 2009 (p. 1159), Winston & Hayward 2012

NC Maturo 1959

Microporella ciliata (Pallas) Microporella ciliata species complex; see Felder & Camp 2009 (p. 1159), Winston & Hayward 2012

FL Long & Rucker 1970

Mucronella immersa Escharella immersa (Fleming, 1828); 2004-12-21 MA ME-CT Osman 1978 Mucronella ventricosa Escharella ventricosa (Hassell, 1842); 2004-12-21 MA MA Osman 1978 Nolella stipata Gosse Nolella stipata Gosse, 1885; 2010-04-27 NC ME-FL Maturo 1959 Nolella stipata Gosse Nolella stipata Gosse, 1885; 2010-04-27 FL ME-FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009 Parasmittina nitida Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875); 2009-10-06 MA MA-NC Osman 1978 Parasmittina spathulata

(Smitt) Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt, 1873); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Parasmittina trispinosa Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875); 2009-10-06; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA MA-NC Osman 1978

Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston)

Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875); 2009-10-06; see Winston & Hayward 2012

NC MA-NC Maturo 1959

Parellisina latirostris Osburn Parellisina latirostris Osburn, 1940; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Rhynchozoon rostratum (Busk) Rhynchozoon rostratum (Busk, 1856); 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Rhynchozoon spicatum Osburn Rhynchozoon spicatum Osburn, 1952; 2009-10-06 FL FL Long & Rucker 1970 Rhynchozoon tuberculatum

Osburn Drepanophora tuberculata (Osburn, 1914); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Savignyella lafontii (Audouin) Savignyella lafontii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 FL FL McCann et al. 2007, Winston 2009

Schizomavella auriculata (Hassall)

Schizomavella auriculata (Hassall, 1842); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Schizoporella biaperta (Michelin)

Pourtalesella incrassata (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2009-10-06 MA MA-FL Rogick 1964b

Schizoporella biaperta Pourtalesella incrassata (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2009-10-06 MA MA-FL Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981

Schizoporella cornuta (Gabb & Horn)

Pourtalesella incrassata (Canu & Bassler, 1928); 2009-10-06 NC MA-FL Maturo 1959

Schizoporella errata (Waters) Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

ME ME-NC Field 1982

Schizoporella errata Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a

Schizoporella errata Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA/CT ME-NC Osman, Whitlatch & Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1995b, 1998

Schizoporella errata Schizoporella errata species complex; see Winston & Hayward 2012

NC Sutherland 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1977, Walters 1992

Schizoporella errata (Waters)/Waters

Schizoporella errata species complex; see Winston & Hayward 2012

NC Karlson 1978

Schizoporella floridae Schizoporella floridana Osburn, 1914; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Mook 1976 Schizoporella floridana Schizoporella floridana Osburn, 1914; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Mook 1980, 1983,

Winston 1982, 1995 Schizoporella floridana

Osburn Schizoporella floridana Osburn, 1914; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007

Schizoporella pungens (Canu & Bassler)

Schizoporella pungens Canu & Bassler, 1928; 2010-04-27 FL FL McCann et al. 2007

Schizoporella unicornis Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

NH ME-NC Dijkstra & Harris 2009

19

Schizoporella unicornis (Johnston)

Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA ME-NC Osburn 1910, Rogick 1964b, Sumner et al. 1913


Schizoporella variabilis (Leidy, 1855); see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA-SC ME-NC Miner 1950


MA ME-NC Grosberg 1981


SNE-NY ME-NC Weiss 1995

Schizoporella unicornis Schizoporella errata species complex; see Winston & Hayward 2012; advice by Winston pers. comm.

NJ Peterson 1979


NC Sutherland 1974, 1978, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, Karlson 1975


Schizoporella errata species complex; see Winston & Hayward 2012; advice by Winston pers. comm.

NC McDougall 1943, Maturo 1957, 1959


Schizoporella errata species complex; see Winston & Hayward 2012; advice by Winston pers. comm.

FL Richards & Clapp 1944, Weiss 1948, Long & Rucker 1970, Winston 1982


FL Mook 1976, Nelson et al. 1994

Schizoporella ‘unicornis’ Winston, not (Johnston)

Schizoporella errata species complex; advice by Winston pers. comm.

FL McCann et al. 2007

Scruparia chelata (Linnaeus) Scruparia chelata (Linnaeus, 1758); 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Rogick 1964b Scrupocellaria bertholletii

(Van Beneden) Scrupocellaria bertholletii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007

Scrupocellaria bertholetii Scrupocellaria bertholletii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Winston 1995 Scrupocellaria ‘bertholletii’ Scrupocellaria bertholletii (Audouin, 1826); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Winston 2009 Scrupocellaria regularis Scrupocellaria regularis Osburn, 1940; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Winston 1982 Sinoflustra annae (Osburn) Sinoflustra annae (Osburn, 1953); 2009-05-18 FL FL McCann et al. 2007 Smittia trispinosa nitida

(Verrill) Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875); 2009-10-06; see Winston & Hayward 2012

MA MA-NC Sumner et al. 1913

Smittina smittiella Osburn Smittina smittiella Osburn, 1947; 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970 Smittina (sensu lato) thrincota

Shier Phylactellipora aviculifera (Osburn, 1914); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Smittipora/Smittopora levinseni (Canu & Bassler)

Smittipora levinseni (Canu & Bassler, 1917); 2009-10-06 FL NC-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Steganoporella magnilabris (Busk)

Steganiporella magnilabris (Busk, 1854); 2009-10-06 FL GE-FL Long & Rucker 1970

Stylopoma spongites Levinsen (Pallas)

Stylopoma smitti Winston, 2005; 2009-10-06 FL FL Long & Rucker 1970

Sundanella sibogae (Harmer) Sundanella sibogae; 2009-05-18; authority is (Harmer, 1915) see Felder & Camp 2009, McCann et al. 2007

FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007

Tegella armifera Tegella armifera (Hincks, 1880); 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Osman 1978 Tegella unicornis Tegella unicornis (Fleming, 1828); 2004-12-21 ME ME-NC Fuller 1946 Tegella unicornis Tegella unicornis (Fleming, 1828); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Osman 1978 Thalamoporella distorta/distora Osburn

Thalamoporella distorta Osburn, 1940; 2010-04-24 FL FL Long & Rucker 1970

Thalamoporella floridana Osburn

Thalamoporella floridana Osburn, 1940; 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007

Triticella pedicellata Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857); 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Osman 1978 Tubulipora liliacea (Pallas) Tubulipora confracta new species; see Winston & Hayward

2012 MA ME-CT Osburn 1910

Vesicularia dichotoma Verrill Amathia dichotoma Verrill, 1873; see Winston & Hayward 2012 MA ME-VA Verrill & Smith 1874 Vesicularia gracilis Verrill Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, 1855; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Vesicularia cuscuta Thompson Walkeria uva (Linnaeus, 1758); 2005-04-15 MA ME-MA Verrill & Smith 1874 Victorella pavida Victorella pavida Saville Kent, 1870; 2004-12-21 MD NY-FL Cory 1967 Victorella pavida Victorella pavida Saville Kent, 1870; 2004-12-21 NC NY-FL Dean & Bellis 1975 Victorella pavida Victorella pavida Saville Kent, 1870; 2004-12-21 FL NY-FL Winston 1995, 1982 Watersipora cucullata (Busk) Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852); 4-12-21 FL FL Weiss 1948 Watersipora cucullata Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852); 4-12-21 FL FL Smith et al. 1950 Watersipora subovoidea Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852); 4-12-21 FL FL Mook 1976, 1980,

Winston 1982, 1995 Watersipora subtorquata

(d'Orbigny) Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny, 1852); 2004-12-21 FL FL McCann et al. 2007

Zoobotryon pellucidum Ehrenberg

Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948

Zoobotryon pellucidum Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL Smith et al. 1950 Zoobotryon verticillatum Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL Mook 1980, 1983,

Winston 1995 Zoobotryon verticillatum

(Delle Chiaje) Zoobotryon verticillatum (Delle Chiaje, 1828); 2010-04-27 FL NC-FL McCann et al. 2007,

Winston 2009

20

Phylum Chordata Amaroucium constellatum

Verrill Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 NH-FL ME-FL Van Name 1945

Amaroucium constellatum Verrill

Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874, Miner 1950

Amaroucium constellatum Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Amaroucium stellatum Verrill Aplidium stellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2009-05-04 MA-FL ME-FL Van Name 1945 Amaroucium pellucidum Leidy Aplidium pellucidum Leidy, 1855; 2010-10-28 MA-CT ME-FL Miner 1950 Amaroucium pellucidum Aplidium pellucidum Leidy, 1855; 2010-10-28 MA ME-FL Miner 1913 Aplidium constellatum Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 NH ME-FL Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Aplidium constellatum Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 MA ME-FL Agius 2007 Aplidium constellatum Aplidium constellatum (Verrill, 1871); 2007-12-05 FL ME-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Ascidia curvata Ascidia curvata (Traustedt, 1882); 2007-12-05 FL NC-FL Mook 1976,

Dalby & Young 1992, 1993 Ascidia hygomiana Ascidia interrupta Heller, 1878; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Smith et al. 1950 Ascidia interrupta Ascidia interrupta Heller, 1878; 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977

Ascidia interrupta Heller Ascidia interrupta Heller, 1878; 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL Karlson 1975, 1978 Ascidia interrupta Heller Ascidia interrupta Heller, 1878; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948 Ascidia nigra (Savigny) Phallusia nigra Savigny, 1816; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948,Smith et al. 1950 Ascidia nigra Phallusia nigra Savigny, 1816; 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Cummings 1994 Ascidiella aspersa Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776); 2004-12-21 NH ME-NC Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Ascidiella aspersa Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776); 2004-12-21 MA ME-NC Agius 2007 Ascidiella aspersa Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-NC Osman & Whitlatch 1998 Ascidiella aspersa Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776); 2004-12-21 CT ME-NC Stachowicz et al. 2002,

Stachowicz & Byrnes 2006, Osman & Whitlatch 2007

Ascidiella aspersa (Müller) Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776); 2004-12-21 CT ME-NC Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Boltenia echinata (Linnaeus) Boltenia echinata (Linnaeus, 1767); 2004-12-21 ME ME-RI Field 1982 Botrylloides diegensis Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 MA ME-VA Grosberg 1981,

Osman & Whitlatch 1995a Botrylloides diegensis Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 MA/CT ME-VA Osman, Whitlatch &


Botrylloides diegensis Ritter & Forsyth

Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 MA/CT ME-VA Osman & Whitlatch 1995b

Botrylloides diegensis Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 SNE-NY ME-VA Weiss 1995 Botrylloides diegensis Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 CT ME-VA Stachowicz et al. 1999 Botrylloides leachi Botrylloides leachii (Savigny, 1816): 2007-12-05 MA MA Grosberg 1988 Botrylloides leachii (Savigny) Botrylloides leachii (Savigny, 1816): 2007-12-05 MA MA Grosberg 1981, Myers 1990 Botrylloides nigrum Herdman Botrylloides nigrum (Herdman, 1886); 2009-05-02 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948 Botrylloides violaceus Ritter &

Forsyth Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 ME ME-VA Tyrrell & Byers 2007

Botrylloides violaceus Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 NH ME-VA Dijkstra et al. 2007, Dijkstra & Harris 2009

Botrylloides violaceus Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 MA ME-VA Agius 2007 Botrylloides violaceus (Oka) Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 CT ME-VA Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Botrylloides violaceus Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927; 2009-07-20 CT ME-VA Stachowicz et al. 2002,


Botryllus gouldii Verrill Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Botryllus gouldii Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Miner 1913, Grave 1933 Botryllus planus (Van Name) Botryllus planus (Van Name, 1902); 2009-07-20 FL MD-FL Weiss 1948 Botryllus planus Botryllus planus (Van Name, 1902); 2009-07-20 FL MD-FL Dalby & Young 1992, 1993 Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 ME-FL ME-FL Van Name 1945 Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Field 1982,

Tyrrell & Byers 2007 Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Yund & Stires 2002 Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982,


Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913, Parker 1924, Miner 1950, Myers 1990

Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1987, 1988, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Stachowicz et al. 1999, Agius 2007

21

Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Savigny

Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Grosberg 1981

Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman, Whitlatch & Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1998

Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Stachowicz et al. 2002,


Botryllus schlosseri (Binney) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas) Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 NY ME-FL Franz 1989 Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,


Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1978, 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Karlson 1975

Botryllus schlosseri Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Cummings 1994 Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus) Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 ME-CT ME-NC Miner 1950 Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus) Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA-RI ME-NC Van Name 1945 Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 NH ME-NC Harris & Irons 1982,


Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus) Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA ME-NC Sumner et al. 1913 Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA ME-NC Osman 1977, 1978,

Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA/CT ME-NC Osman, Whitlatch & Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1998

Ciona intestinalis (L.) Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA/CT ME-NC Osman & Whitlatch 1995b Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 SNE-NY ME-NC Weiss 1995 Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 CT ME-NC Stachowicz et al. 1999, 2002,

Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Ciona tenella Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767); 2010-10-12 MA ME-NC Miner 1913 Clavelina oblonga Clavelina oblonga Herdman, 1880; 2010-06-24 FL NC-FL Mook 1980, Dalby & Young

1992, 1993 Clavelina picta Clavelina picta (Verrill, 1900); 2007-12-05 FL SC-FL Mook 1980 Cnemidocarpa mollis

(Stimpson) Cnemidocarpa mollis (Stimpson, 1852); 2004-12-21 LIS ME-NY Miner 1950

Cynthia partita Stimpson Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Cynthia partita Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Miner 1913 Dendrodoa carnea (Agassiz) Dendrodoa carnea (Rathke, 1806); 2004-12-21 ME ME-SC Field 1982 Dendrodoa carnea (Agassiz) Dendrodoa carnea (Rathke, 1806); 2004-12-21 LIS ME-SC Miner 1950 Didemnum albidum Didemnum albidum (Verrill, 1871); 2004-12-21 NH ME-DE Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Didemnum albidum Didemnum albidum (Verrill, 1871); 2004-12-21 MA ME-DE Miner 1950 Didemnum candidum Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 NH ME-FL Harris & Irons 1982 Didemnum candidum Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Didemnum candidum Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975 Didemnum candidum Savigny Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Didemnum candidum Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 FL ME-FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1980 Didemnum candidum lutarium

Van Name Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948

Didemnum candidum lutarium Van Name

Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 NH-FL ME-FL Van Name 1945

Didemnum conchyliatum Didemnum conchyliatum (Sluiter, 1898); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Dalby & Young 1992 Didemnum lutarium Van Name Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 MA ME-FL Miner 1950,

Sumner et al. 1913 Didemnum lutarium Van Name Didemnum candidum Savigny, 1813; 2005-02-24 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943 Didemnum vestum sp. nov. Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002; 2009-11-28 NH ME-NY Kott 2004 Didemnum vexillum Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002; 2009-11-28 NH ME-NY Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Diplosoma fragile Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Mook 1980 Diplosoma glandulosum Diplosoma glandulosum Monniot, 1983; 2009-05-12 FL FL Dalby & Young 1992 Diplosoma listerianum Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 NH ME-FL Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Diplosoma listerianum Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 MA ME-FL Agius 2007 Diplosoma listerianum Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 CT ME-FL Stachowicz et al. 2002 Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-

Edwards) Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 CT ME-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007

22

Diplosoma macdonaldi Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1998 Diplosoma macdonaldi

Herdman Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 MA/CT ME-FL Osman & Whitlatch 1995b

Diplosoma macdonaldi Herdman

Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 SC/FL ME-FL Van Name 1945

Diplosoma macdonaldi Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 FL ME-FL Mook 1976, 1980, 1981a, 1983, Dalby & Young 1992

Diplosoma macdonaldi Herdman

Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841); 2010-06-25 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948

Distaplia bermudensis Van Name

Distaplia bermudensis Van Name, 1902; 2004-12-21 NC-FL NC-FL Van Name 1945

Distaplia bermudensis Distaplia bermudensis Van Name, 1902; 2004-12-21 SC NC-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Ecteinascidia conklini Berrill Ecteinascidia conklini Berrill, 1932; 2007-12-05 FL FL Weiss 1948 Ecteinascidia tortugensis

Plough & Jones Ecteinascidia minuta Berrill, 1932; 2007-12-05 FL FL Weiss 1948

Ecteinascidia turbinata Herdman

Ecteinascidia turbinata Herdman, 1880; 2004-12-21 FL VA-FL Weiss 1948

Ecteinascidia turbinata Ecteinascidia turbinata Herdman, 1880; 2004-12-21 FL VA-FL Smith et al. 1950, Dalby & Young 1992

Eudistoma capsulatum (Van Name)

Eudistoma capsulatum (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Weiss 1948

Eudistoma capsulatum Eudistoma capsulatum (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Mook 1980, Dalby & Young 1992, 1993

Eudistoma carolinense Eudistoma carolinense Van Name, 1945; 2007-12-05 FL NC-FL Nelson et al. 1994 Herdmania momus Herdmania momus (Savigny, 1816); 2006-08-28 FL NC-FL Cummings 1994 Leptoclinum albidum Didemnum albidum (Verrill, 1871); 2004-12-21 MA ME-DE Miner 1913 Lissoclinum fragile (Van

Name) Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Van Name 1945

Microcosmus exasperatus Heller

Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878; 2007-12-05 SC/FL NC-FL Van Name 1945

Microcosmus exasperatus Heller

Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878; 2007-12-05 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948

Microcosmus exasperatus Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878; 2007-12-05 FL NC-FL Dalby & Young 1992, 1993, Cummings 1994

Molgula citrina Alder & Hancock

Molgula citrina Alder & Hancock, 1848; 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Smith 1964

Molgula citrina Alder & Hancock

Molgula citrina Alder & Hancock, 1848; 2004-12-21 Canada/ MA-RI

ME-MA Van Name 1945

Molgula citrina Molgula citrina Alder & Hancock, 1848; 2004-12-21 MA ME-MA Agius 2007 Molgula complanata Molgula complanata Alder & Hancock, 1870; 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1978 Molgula manhattensis

(DeKay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 ME-Gulf of

Mexico ME-FL Van Name 1945

Molgula manhattensis (DeKay)

Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 ME-FL ME-FL Plough 1978

Molgula manhattensis (Dekay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 ME ME-FL Field 1982 Molgula manhattensis Verrill Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Verrill & Smith 1874 Molgula manhattensis (Dekay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913,

Parker 1924, Smith 1964

Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Miner 1913, Grave 1933, Osman 1977, 1978, Grosberg 1981, Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Molgula manhattensis DeKay Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Miner 1950 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MA/CT ME-FL Osman, Whitlatch &


Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 SNE-NY ME-FL Weiss 1995 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Stachowicz et al. 1999,

Stachowicz et al. 2002, Stachowicz & Byrnes 2006

Molgula manhattensis (Dekay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 CT ME-FL Altman & Whitlatch 2007, Osman & Whitlatch 2007

Molgula manhattensis (Dekay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 NY ME-FL Franz 1989 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 NJ ME-FL Peterson 1979 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 DE ME-FL Dean & Hurd 1980, Dean

1981, Smedes & Hurd 1981 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 MD ME-FL Cory 1967 Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 VA ME-FL Calder & Brehmer 1967,

Otsuka & Dauer 1982, Sagasti et al. 2000, 2001, Jewett et al. 2005

23

Molgula manhattensis Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977

Molgula manhattensis De Kay Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL Karlson 1975, 1978 Molgula manhattensis (De

Kay) Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843); 2004-12-21 NC ME-FL McDougall 1943,

Dean & Bellis 1975 Molgula occidentalis Traustedt Molgula occidentalis Traustedt, 1883; 2009-05-24 NC NC-FL Miner 1950 Molgula occidentalis Traustedt Molgula occidentalis Traustedt, 1883; 2009-05-24 GE-FL NC-FL Plough 1978 Molgula occidentalis Molgula occidentalis Traustedt, 1883; 2009-05-24 FL NC-FL Dalby & Young 1992, 1993 Molgula provisionalis Van

Name Molgula provisionalis Van Name, 1945; 2005-05-26 ME-MA ME-MA Plough 1978

Molgula provisionalis Van Name

Molgula provisionalis Van Name, 1945; 2005-05-26 ME ME-MA Field 1982

Molgula robusta (Van Name) Molgula robusta (Van Name, 1912); 2007-12-05 MA ME-SC Plough 1978 Perophora viride Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Mook 1981a Perophora viridis Verrill Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 MA-FL MA-FL Van Name 1945 Perophora viridis Verrill Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Verrill & Smith 1874,

Miner 1950, Sumner et al. 1913

Perophora viridis Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 MA MA-FL Miner 1913, Osman 1977, 1978

Perophora viridis Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL Sutherland 1981, Sutherland & Karlson 1973

Perophora viridis Verrill Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 NC MA-FL McDougall 1943 Perophora viridis Perophora viridis Verrill, 1871; 2004-12-21 FL MA-FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1976, 1980, 1983, Dalby & Young 1992

Phallusia hygomiana Trausdet Ascidia interrupta Heller, 1878; 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL McDougall 1943 Polyandrocarpa zorritensis Polyandrocarpa zorritensis (Van Name 1931); 2004-12-21 FL FL Dalby & Young 1992, 1993 Polyclinum constellatum

Savigny Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816; 2003-07-28 FL VA-FL Weiss 1948

Polyclinum constellatum Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816; 2003-07-28 FL VA-FL Mook 1980 Styela clava Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 NH ME-NY Dijkstra et al. 2007,

Dijkstra & Harris 2009 Styela clava Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 MA ME-NY Grosberg 1981,

Osman & Whitlatch 1995a, Agius 2007

Styela clava Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 MA/CT ME-NY Osman, Whitlatch & Malatesta 1992, Osman & Whitlatch 1998

Styela clava Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 SNE-NY ME-NY Weiss 1995 Styela clava Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 CT ME-NY Stachowicz et al. 2002 Styela clava (Herdman) Styela clava (Herdman, 1881); 2009-05-02 CT ME-NY Altman & Whitlatch 2007 Styela partita (Stimpson) Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 MA-FL ME-FL Van Name 1945 Styela partita Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Osman 1977, 1978 Styela partita (Stimpson) Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 MA ME-FL Sumner et al. 1913,

Miner 1950, Smith 1964 Styela partita (Stimpson) Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Weiss 1948 Styela partita Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816); 2004-12-21 FL ME-FL Dalby & Young 1992 Styela plicata (Lesueur) Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 NC-FL NC-FL Van Name 1945 Styela plicata Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL Sutherland 1974, 1978, 1981,

Sutherland & Karlson 1973, 1977, Walters 1992

Styela plicata (Lesueur) Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 NC NC-FL McDougall 1943, Karlson 1975, 1978

Styela plicata Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 SC NC-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Styela plicata (Lesueur) Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948 Styela plicata Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823); 2004-12-21 FL NC-FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1980, 1981a, 1983, Dalby & Young 1992, 1993, Nelson et al. 1994

Symplegma viride Herdman Symplegma viride Herdman, 1886; 2010-06-24 NC-FL NC-FL Van Name 1945 Symplegma viride Symplegma viride Herdman, 1886; 2010-06-24 SC NC-FL Van Dolah et al. 1988 Symplegma viride Herdman Symplegma viride Herdman, 1886; 2010-06-24 FL NC-FL Weiss 1948 Symplegma viride Symplegma viride Herdman, 1886; 2010-06-24 FL NC-FL Smith et al. 1950,

Mook 1976, 1980, Dalby & Young 1992, 1993

Trididemnum savignii Trididemnum savignii (Herdman, 1886); 2007-12-05 FL VA-FL Mook 1980, Dalby & Young 1992

24

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