© UN Photo

Special PresentationEnvironmental Impacts of ISIL Conflict in Iraq

The Case of Mosul

Hassan Partow / 2 November/ Beirut

Contents

2

Key Findings

• Contaminated Sites

• Debris Recovery

• Environmental Governance & Education

• Water management infrastructure

Next Steps

Conflict-Affected Governorates

Areas Visited

in maximum two lines

4

• Cognizant• Risks and challenges • Involvement• Assessment & Results

© NABU/Holger Schulz

Mosul Erbil

Qayarrah

Mishraq

Google Earth

© UN Photo

Contaminated Sites

Qayarrah Oil Field

Qayarrah town

USGS Landsat 8 acquired on 7 December 2016

Oil Spill

The ‘Daesh Winter’

© Iraq Ministry of Oil

© Reuters

Well 46: Al-Shuhadaa Neighbourhood

© Oxfam

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

© Ministry of OIl

© Ministry of OIl

© Ministry of OIl

© UN Photo

Oil spilled or burnt estimated at two billion barrels

© Ministry of OIl

Qayarrah Refinery

• 18 Storage tanks• 40,000 m3 total capacity• 20,000 m3 burnt & spilt

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

Mishraq Sulfur Complex

USGS Landsat 8 acquired on 7 December 2016

Oil Spill

Sulphur Fire

• ~50,000 tonne

• 30,000-35,000 tonnes burnt

© UN Photo

• 1,500 people treated for suffocation symptoms

Two million tonne sulphur waste pile

© UN Photo

Mosul City

© UN Photo

Ammunition Workshops

© UN Photo © UN Photo

Electricity Network:37 Power Sub-Stations Damaged

PCB Contamination?

© UNDP

Electricity Network

PCB Contamination

© UN Photo

Artisanal Oil Refining

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

Mosul Debris

Mosul Debris: ~11 million tonnes

Qayarrah town

USGS Landsat 8 acquired on 7 December 2016

Oil Spill

PCB Contamination?

Eastern Mosul 

25%

Western Mosul

75%

A Sense of Perspective

Infrastructure Sabotage

© UN Photo

Fragmented Approach based on Disposal

© Mosul Municipality © Mosul Municipality

Missing Link: Debris Recycling

Crushing: Small Scale

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• Unexploded ordinance and improvised explosive devices

• Hazardous materials (asbestos)• Demolition risks

Safety and Hazard Exposure

© UN Photo© Asbestorrama

© UN Photo

Environmental Governance and Education

Nineveh Environment Directorate

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

© UN Photo

Most assets destroyed or looted:

• laboratories• monitoring stations• vehicles

College of Environmental Sciences and Technology Mosul University

© UN Photo© UN Photo

Environment College Library

USGS Landsat 8 image acquired on 17 May 2014

40

Weaponization of Water Management Infrastructure

© Al-Hadath

42

Contaminated site assessment and clean-up

Debris management planning

Rebuilding environmental governance and greening reconstruction process

Next Steps

Thank you

Hassan Partow/ Ecosystem Division /Post-Conflict & Disaster Management Branchhassan.partow.@unep.orgTel: +41-22-9178665..

www.unep.org© UN Photo/Hassan Partow