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The Big Four SPC, LPC, PI, Coliform Scott Rankin, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin-Madison Food Science Keith Engel WestfaliaSurge, Inc. Farm Technologies Division

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  • The Big Four SPC, LPC, PI, Coliform

    Scott Rankin, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Food Science

    Keith Engel WestfaliaSurge, Inc.

    Farm Technologies Division

  • Significance

    Regulatory standard Impact on pasteurized product Premium programs Troubleshooting

  • In general

    Many procedural variations, highly defined practices Method basis: anything present will grow, if it can Individual cells (clusters, chains) each form a Colony

    Forming Unit (CFU) CFUs are counted

    25-250, 30-300, or? Dilution math is done, e.g. 1:10 dilution, 50 colonies = 500 CFU/mL Might be expressed as log#, e.g. 1000 = 3 Precision two SDs Can be statistically complex

  • A plate to be counted

    http://water.me.vccs.edu/courses/env108/lessons.htm

  • One, two, threeuh?

  • Now what?

  • Remember heterotrophic

  • Petrifilm

  • SPC Very common, referencedNCIMS, PMO Standard Plate Count Also called:

    APC (Aerobic plate count) HPC (Heterotrophic plate count)

    Plate loop count Spiral plate count BactoScan FC Pour plate vs Petrifilm

  • SPC

    Growth conditions SMA (Standard Methods Agar)

    Casein digest Yeast extract Sugar (glu)

    Aerobic 32C 1; 48 hrs 3

  • LPC Lab Pasteurized Count Same as SPC with one exception:

    Milk is first heated to 145F for 30 min Kills most vegetative cells Activates some spores (from where?) Doesnt kill thermoduric microbes What survives pasteurization?

    In cheese In UHT milk Shelf life of fluid milk

  • Can be a big Swissue

  • PI

    Preliminary Incubation count Same as SPC with one exception:

    Incubate milk at 55F for 18 hrs, then plate Growth of cold-lovers (from where?) Compared to standard SPC#

  • Coliform Count Think colon Manure, environment

    Aerobic, facultative anaerobic; gram-, nonspore-forming rods

    Ferment lactose = acid and gas 32 or 35F w/in 48 hrs

    Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

  • Coliform Count

    Whats for dinner? Yeast extract Gelatin digest Lactose (gas)

    Neutral red (red)

    Bile salts mixture Crystal violet (caning treatment) Salt

  • Coliform Count

    http://water.me.vccs.edu/courses/env108/lessons.htm

  • Coliform Count

    3m.com

  • The Big Four SPC, LPC, PI, Coliform

    Scott Rankin, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Food Science

    Keith Engel WestfaliaSurge, Inc.

    Farm Technologies Division


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