Spatial database model of ichthyofauna bioindicators of coastal environment
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Spatial database model of ichthyofauna bioindicators of coastal environment
Jorge Brenner and José A. JiménezCoastal Zone Management Group
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Ocean Biodiversity Informatics ConferenceHamburg, GermanyDecember 1, 2004
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OBI, Hamburg, Dec. 1, 2004 2
Contents
• Objectives and motivation
• Case of study
• Conceptual approach
• Data model
•Pre-implementation
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Objectives
To develop an ichthyofaunaindicator spatial data model
To develop an indicator framework for assessing theenvironmental condition of the Calatonian coast.
At this moment:
In a broader scope:
Is fish diversity a good/usefulindicator of the coastal environment?
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Reseach motivation
Develop a bioindicator framework for:• Envision the complexity• Understand the role of biodiversity function• Assess the system ecological condition• Identify conservation priorities• Develop a monitoring/management tool
Scie
nce
base
d C
Z/O
cean
Man
agem
ent
Scie
nce
base
d C
Z/O
cean
Man
agem
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Local issues:• Several legal motivations (EU Water Dir., 2006)• Other community based bioindicators• Address coastal resources state• Mitigate human competition for coastalresources
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Study areaCatalonian coastal area: • 848 km long coastline• 44 % of total population (2.8 mill.) living in the coastal municipalities• One of the largest ports in the Mediterranean• A global tourist coastal destination
Catalonia
Continental shelf
Mediterranean SeaEbro Riverdelta
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Conceptual approach
System’scondition
B. Desired/sustainable state
A. Unknown transitional state
Probability of accomplish depends on system’s stability, given by:
• Structure• Function
- Multiscale – accross scales -
Ecol
ogic
al re
silie
nce
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Functional diversity
ResponseLi
nk
Mem
ory
Diversitygroups
Fish functionaldiversity
Ecosystemresilience
Fish biodiversity
- Diversity (interaction) buffer variability -- Diversity (interaction) buffer variability -
Functions
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The functional model
- Ecological resilience: distribution of functional groups at accross scales -- Ecological resilience: distribution of functional groups at accross scales -
Link
Response
Memory
Criteria Criteria Resilience
Functionaldiversitygroups
Com
mun
ity u
nit (
Com
mun
ity u
nit (
1 . .
. N
)1
. . .
N)
Taxaoccurrence
1...N
OutputInput Structuretemplate
Resiliencealgorithm
GIS
sub-
mod
els
Fish
• Marine communities• Pressure – impacts• Vulnerability
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The data model: generalS
y s
t e m
m o
d u
l e
sS
y s
t e m
m o
d u
l e
s
Independent
Gen
eral
Spe
cific
Dependent
Independent
Fish diversityBio-physical
Socio-economic
M e t a d a t a
Objectives Core groupsManagement
tools
Indicator (s):
• Condition
• Management
Data + ApplicationsExternal:
G I S
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The data model: conceptualS
p a
t i a
l r
e l
a t i
o n
s h
i p
sS
p a
t i a
l r
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a t i
o n
s h
i p
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ImpactVulnerability
Community
Functionalgroup
1..*Pressure
EO
TaxonomicEcological
1..*
*
*
1..*Fish diversityFish diversity
Resilience assessmentResilience assessment Spatial domainstructured
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Database implementation
480
850
2542
158 105 164
1904-1980 1981-1990 1991-1995 1996-2000
EosSpp
Fish species:
CBR-CSIC + literature + Fishbase:
265 species in 93 families46 species with some degree of concern (30 families)93 maximum EO in sample point2598 total EOs in analysis area
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Species – environment
Analysis:
A. Mantel’s simple correlation between spp EOs andIndependent variables.
Conceptual models (131 spp @ 999 permutations):
A) Pressure indexesB) Bio-physico-chemical parametersC) Hybrid model
0.174 p=0.001
M = Indexes -> Parameters species
0.079p=0.004
-0.0713p=0.015
B. RDA analysis with automatic selectionamong “all parameters:” 15 % of variance.
Examples of species found related to:
NO3-M:•Cetorhinus maximus (Cetorhinidae; very low)•Syngnathus phlegon (Syngnathidae; medium)•Helicolenus d. Dactylopterus (Sebastidae; ?)•Alosa fallax nilotica (Clupeidae; medium)
FC-M:•Chelidonichthys lucernus (Triglidae; low)•Callionymus risso (Callionymidae; high)•Scomber japonicus (Scombridae; medium)•Spondyliosoma cantharus (Sparidae; medium)•Polyacanthonotus rissoanu (Notacanthidae; ?)•Pomatoschistus microps (Gobiidae; high)
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Final ideas
• Structure controlled fish species can represent specific functional groups at macroecology level
• Ecological resilience can be a reasonable proxy of the ecological condition at multiple scales of the marine environment
• The design (model) of species behaviours is directly influenced by data depth, breath and quality and determines the implementation of the data conceptual model
• Species presence only data relation to environmental factors and coastal originated human impacts is scale dependent of the biophysical model
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On going work
• Improve the coastal/marine biophysical model in order to develop species distribution models
• Identify the functional research clusters based on specific structural criteria
• Assess the coastal/marine probable resilience at community level
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Thanks for their support to:
– Marine Engineering Lab (LIM) – UPC– Fishbase Project (www.fishbase.org)– Agencia Catalana de l’Aigua (DMAiH) - GenCat
THANK YOUTHANK YOU
Jorge Brenner+34-934017392
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Structure template
Trop
hic
leve
l (1
… N
) LINK• Swimming mode• Max weigth• TL• Depth range• Environment
MEMORY
• Reproduction type *• Growth *• Swimming mode• Feeding habit• TL
RESPONSE
• Reproduction type *• Growth *• Feeding habit• Depth range
Occurrence type
* Group of parameters
• Local• Frequent
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Pressure - impact model
Land originated P- I: Possible impact area:
32.8 % EOs (854)
10.7 % hexagons (331)
Possible impact species:
66.7 % spp (177)
54.5 % SCS (6)
Water pro pertiesIndus tryAquacultureTourismWaste discharge tubesP ortsCU P 2001
EOs012 - 34 - 2123 - 3739 - 93
Land
Indicator Pressure attributes Impact factor
Industry Nuclear plant / other 1-1000 m
Aquaculture Surface / type / organism / intensity
1000 m
Coastal Tourism
Beach length >= 100 m / high use / urban
Beach length
Submarine waste outfalls
Diameter / long / category / status
Outfall length
Ports Type / surface class 2000 m
Coastal Urban
Pressure
Municipal urban surface / municipality
coastal length
Coastal length