Spanish Armada - · PDF fileCauses: Make a list of as many reasons why Philip sent the Armada...
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Spanish Armada - 1588 England (Protestant) Vs. Spain (Catholic)
Transcript of Spanish Armada - · PDF fileCauses: Make a list of as many reasons why Philip sent the Armada...
SpanishArmada- 1588England(Protestant)Vs.Spain(Catholic)
Causes:MakealistofasmanyreasonswhyPhilipsenttheArmada
StickthisdiagramontoacleanpageandannotatearounditHOWeachbulletpointledtotheArmadabeingsent
Ofcourse,Mary,QueenofScotswasimportantinthestrainingofrelationships,BUT,theArmadawasalreadybeingpreparedsince1585!
StickthisintellastoryofhowweendedatwarwithSpainin1588
Onyoursheet,addinformationaswegothroughthislesson
Miplanessimple,construiré130barcos,2431cañonesy30.000soldados.VoyanavegarporelCanaldelaChannel alosPaísesBajos,recogeraPalmay27000mássoldadosynavegaraKent,
luegoaLondres.UnavezenLondres,depositaremosaElizabethyregresaremosal
catolicismoaInglaterra!
WhatisPhilip’splanfortheSpanishArmada?
Myplanissimple,Iwillbuild130ships,2431gunsand30,000soldiers.IwillsailalongtheEnglishChanneltotheNetherlands,pickupPalmaand27000moresoldiersandsailtoKent,thenontoLondon.OnceinLondon,wewilldeposeofElizabethandbringCatholicismbacktoEngland
OhandGodwillhelpsaswell,ofcourse!
OhandGodwillhelpsaswell,ofcourse!
Philipthinks this will beeasy!My ships will leadustovictory andwe have been planning this for years!Hawkinstold meyears ago that we’d need smaller,faster warships making them moremanoeuvrabletoturn our guns on the enemy quicker!Ive been
building my newgalleons since the 1570s!
WHYdidSpainlose?
• Acollectionofshipsfromacrosshisempire• Hadmorepriestsontheirshipsthansoldiers• Mostshipswerecarryingsoldiersandsuppliesfor
whentheygottoEngland• Theyhada1000gunsofdifferentsizes,mostof
whichweretoobigfortheirships• Reliedheavilyonpickingupmoretroopsfromthe
Netherlands…
Spanishships
Spanishsupplies
• TheArmadawasnotaswellsuppliedasitshouldhavebeen,theywerestoredinpoorwoodenbarrelsbecauseDrakedestroyedthegoodbarrelsatCadiz
• DelaysduetoweathermeantwhentheArmadametEnglishshipsithadalreadybeenatseafor10weekswithrottingfood
• TheArmadawasalsolowoncannonballsaswellaslowqualitycannonballs
Poorcommunication&planning• Theyweresupposedtojoinafleetwith
PalmaintheNetherlandsbuttheydidn’tholdanydeepseaportsfortheirlargerships,thisledtolongerpreparationtime
• Communicationwasbysea,sowasslowandunreliable,ittookaweekforPalmatobetoldtheArmadahadarrivedintheChannelandwasready,bythenitwastoolate!Itwouldtake48hourstogetready
Addtoyoursheet,summarisingthisinformation
WhydidEnglandwin?
• CannonsweremountedonsmallerguncarriagesthanonSpanishshipsallowingfurtherrecoil
• Theycouldbequicklyreloadedandfiredagainbyasmallteamofmenandthenpushedbackthroughtheport
• EnglishshipscouldfiremorecannonballsattheSpanishwithmorespeed
• Englishshipscarriedlesstroops,therewasnointentionofboardingSpanishships
EnglishGalleons
However,Englandonlyhad24ofthesenewgalleons,sowhatelseledtovictory?
Tactics
• TheArmadawasspottedintheChannelandwereattackedfromPlymouthlosing2shipstotheEnglish
• EnglishshipsstayedasafedistancebutchasedSpanishshipsintothenarrowEnglishChannel,betterequippedforsmallerships
• TheArmadahadhopedtoanchorofftheIsleofWightandwaitforPalma,beingchaseddidn’tallowforthis.TheBattleoftheIsleofWightsawEnglishshipsabletofire6timesmorecannonsthantheSpanishandfromfurtheraway
Addtoyoursheetthisinformation
TilburySpeech!
Tilburyclip
BattleofGravelinesTheArmadasailedinanearperfectCRESCENTformationthatwouldengulfanythinginsideit.
WhatwouldyoudoasanEnglishcaptain?
TheEnglishsentemptyfireshipsintotheArmada’screscentformationcausinghavocandscatteringtheSpanishshipsoutofformation.
BythetimeitregroupedattheBattleofGravelines,theArmadawasfightingwithoutthesupportofPalma’sshipsfromtheNetherlands
Upagainstfaster,moremobileshipswithfastercannonfiretheArmadawasdefeatedandscatteredbythewinds– Elizabethhadwon!
“Godblewandtheywerescattered,provingthetruereligionisthatofourProtestantism”,
Stickthisinyourbook
Significanceofthisvictory• WasagreatformofPropaganda,itclearlyseemedthatGodwasmoreinfavouroftheProtestantreligion.
• ElizabethwasmorepopularthaneveraswellasEnglishpride
• EncouragedtheDutchrebelstorenewtheirfightandElizabeth’srelationswiththeDutchwereneverstronger
• ThestrengthoftheEnglishNavywasnownotindoubtleadingtoanewconfidencetotradeandexploremorewidelyaroundtheworld
PossibleExamQuestions• Describetwofeaturesof…- Drake’sattacksonSpanishshippingandtrade[4]- TheEnglishnavysentagainsttheSpanishArmada[4]- TheNavalbattleoffGravelines [4]
• ExplainwhyPhilipIIlaunchedtheArmadain1588[12]
• ‘ReligiousrivalryratherthancommercialorpoliticalrivalrycausedthewarwithSpain’Howfardoyouagree?[16]
