Spain Builds an Empire
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Transcript of Spain Builds an Empire
Spain Builds an Empire
Vocabulary
Conquistador• Spanish conquerors who came to the Americas
to conquer and get rich.
Vasco Nunez de Balboa• Spanish explorer who was the 1st European to
reach the Pacific Ocean.• Landed on the isthmus of Panama
Ferdinand Magellan• Portuguese explorer sailed for Spain.• His crew sailed all the way around the world.
Montezuma• Aztec Emperor ruled over Mexico.• He was conquered by the Spanish
Conquistador, Hernando Cortes.
Hernando Cortes• Spanish conquistador who held Montezuma
prisoner.• He and his army took down the Aztec empire.
Francisco Pizarro• Another Spanish conquistador who captured
the mighty Inca Empire in Peru.
Spanish Borderlands• Area of the Spanish Empire that spanned
from Florida to California.
Laws of the Indies• The code of laws that stated how the Spanish
colonies should be organized and ruled.
Pueblos• Towns in the Spanish empire that were centers
of farming and trade.
Juan de Onate• Founded the colony of New Mexico. • Used brutal force to conquer the Native
Americans of the region.
Presidios• Forts where soldiers lived in the Spanish
empire.• 1st Presidio was built in 1565 in St. Augustine,
Florida.
Missions• Religious settlements run by Catholic priests
and friars.• Used to convert Native Americans.
Father Eusedbio Francisco Kino• Spanish priest went to present-day Arizona and
set up missions in the area.
Peninsulares• Top of the social class in the Spanish colonies.• Held the biggest jobs in gov’t.• Owned huge tracts of land and gold/silver
mines.
Creoles• Class below Peninsulares.• Born in Americas to Spanish parents.• Were wealthy and well-educated.• Also owned land
Mestizos• 3rd social class• People of mixed Spanish and Native American
background.• Worked on farms owned by Peninsulares and
Creoles.
Encomiendas• The right to demand labor or taxes from the
Native Americans living on the land.