Space+Operations

8/9/2019 Space+Operations

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SPACESPACE

OPERATIONSOPERATIONS


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USSPACECOMUSSPACECOM

Established in 1985Established in 1985

CINC: General R.E. EberhartCINC: General R.E. Eberhart

Oversee and manage DepartmentOversee and manage Department

of Defense space forcesof Defense space forces


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SPACECOM MissionSPACECOM Mission

Support the North American AerospaceSupport the North American AerospaceDefense Command (NORAD)Defense Command (NORAD)

Advocates space requirements for theAdvocates space requirements for the

CINCsCINCs Plans strategic ballistic missile defensePlans strategic ballistic missile defense

(BMD)(BMD)

Conducts space operations (space control,Conducts space operations (space control,

space force application, space forcespace force application, space forcesupport, space force enhancement)support, space force enhancement)


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SPACECOM SupportSPACECOM Support

StructureStructure

To CINCs and JTFs for planning:To CINCs and JTFs for planning: Space Planning Support Teams (SPSTs)Space Planning Support Teams (SPSTs)

To JTFs for execution & C4ITo JTFs for execution & C4I

integration:integration: Forward Space Support in Theater teamsForward Space Support in Theater teams

(FSSTs)(FSSTs)

Space Support TeamsSpace Support Teams


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Functional Areas ofFunctional Areas of

Space OperationsSpace Operations Combat Functional Areas:Combat Functional Areas:

Space-based Combat Support (SBCS) Space-based Combat Support (SBCS)

Information derived from or servicesInformation derived from or servicesprovided by on-orbit systems to theprovided by on-orbit systems to theMAGTFMAGTF

Space-based Fire Support (SBFS) Space-based Fire Support (SBFS)

Offensive and defensive fires delivered byOffensive and defensive fires delivered byspace-based platforms in support of thespace-based platforms in support of theMAGTFMAGTF

Counterspace Operations (CSO) Deny orCounterspace Operations (CSO) Deny orthwart enemy access to or use of spacethwart enemy access to or use of space

and to protect our own space capabilitiesand to protect our own space capabilities


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Functional Areas ofFunctional Areas of

Space OperationsSpace Operations

Mission Support Functional Area:Mission Support Functional Area:

Space Operations Mission SupportSpace Operations Mission Support(SOMS)- provides the means to(SOMS)- provides the means to

conduct the three combat functionalconduct the three combat functional

areas. Includesareas. Includes launchlaunch, command, command

and control, telemetry, and on-orbitand control, telemetry, and on-orbit

control.control.


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Space HardwareSpace Hardware

NavigationNavigation

CommunicationsCommunications

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

Missile WarningMissile Warning

Military ISRMilitary ISR 2006 Space Control Systems2006 Space Control Systems

Launch VehiclesLaunch Vehicles


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Navigation (GPS)Navigation (GPS)

Full constellation of satellites (4Full constellation of satellites (4

sats x 6 planes) = 24 satellites onsats x 6 planes) = 24 satellites on

orbit; 3 on orbit sparesorbit; 3 on orbit spares Primarily Block IIF w/Anti-jamPrimarily Block IIF w/Anti-jam

capabilitycapability


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CommunicationsCommunications

Advanced EHF - Follow-on to MILSTARAdvanced EHF - Follow-on to MILSTAR

EHF PolarEHF Polar

SHF Gap filler: Augment DSCSSHF Gap filler: Augment DSCS Mobile User Objective SystemMobile User Objective System

Defense Satellite Comm System (DSCS) IIIDefense Satellite Comm System (DSCS) III

UHF Follow-on (UHF-F/O)UHF Follow-on (UHF-F/O)

Space Based Data RelaySpace Based Data Relay SystemSystem Replaces TDRSSReplaces TDRSS


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EnvironmentalEnvironmental

National Polar Orbiting Earth SurveillanceNational Polar Orbiting Earth Surveillance

System (NPOESS) fully operationalSystem (NPOESS) fully operational

Defense Meteorological Satellite ProgramDefense Meteorological Satellite Program

(DMSP) -- last 2 on-orbit(DMSP) -- last 2 on-orbit Serve as residual/augmentation to NPOESSServe as residual/augmentation to NPOESS

Geostationary Operational EnvironmentalGeostationary Operational EnvironmentalSatellite (GOES) fully operationalSatellite (GOES) fully operational

GEO Wx available from Japan andGEO Wx available from Japan and

Europe; Russia, China, India possibleEurope; Russia, China, India possible


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Missile WarningMissile Warning

Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS)Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS)

Multi-Mission Mobile Processor (M3P)Multi-Mission Mobile Processor (M3P)


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Space Based InfraredSpace Based Infrared

SystemSystem

System Fully Deployed (24 LEO, 5 GEO,System Fully Deployed (24 LEO, 5 GEO,

2 HEO)2 HEO)

Provides worldwide missile warningProvides worldwide missile warning Provides longer track time than current DSPProvides longer track time than current DSP

Provides increased warningProvides increased warning

time directly to thetime directly to the

warfighterwarfighter


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Multi-Mission MobileMulti-Mission Mobile

Processor (MProcessor (M33

P)P) Mobile SBIRS Ground Processing System forMobile SBIRS Ground Processing System for

Theater Missile DefenseTheater Missile Defense

System replaces current Joint Tactical Ground StationSystem replaces current Joint Tactical Ground Station(JTAGS) capability(JTAGS) capability

Provides immediate theater missile warningProvides immediate theater missile warning Provides Theater CommanderProvides Theater Commander

and JFACC immediateand JFACC immediateknowledge of missile launchknowledge of missile launch

and impact locationsand impact locations


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Military ISRMilitary ISR

Discoverer II (Capability)Discoverer II (Capability)

2 Proof-of-Concept satellites for SAR and MTI2 Proof-of-Concept satellites for SAR and MTI

Launched in 2003 & 2004Launched in 2003 & 2004

Minimum Military utilityMinimum Military utility

4-6 needed to support minimum4-6 needed to support minimum

military missionmilitary mission

2006 S C t l2006 S C t l


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2006 Space Control2006 Space Control

SystemsSystems

Ground Based Laser (GBL)Ground Based Laser (GBL)

Airborne Laser (ABL)Airborne Laser (ABL)

MicrosatsMicrosats


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Ground Based LaserGround Based Laser

2 Multi-Megawatt Lasers2 Multi-Megawatt Lasers Phaser - White Sands, NMPhaser - White Sands, NM Photon - Arizona desert outside Davis Monthan AFBPhoton - Arizona desert outside Davis Monthan AFB

Able to degrade orAble to degrade ordestroy enemy satellitesdestroy enemy satellites

DrawbacksDrawbacks GeometryGeometry

FuelFuel CoolingCooling


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Airborne LaserAirborne Laser

Provides Theater Missile Defense & ASATProvides Theater Missile Defense & ASAT

CapabilityCapability

DrawbacksDrawbacks Number of Aircraft (7 Total)Number of Aircraft (7 Total)

Flight timeFlight time

RefuelingRefueling

PlusesPluses Electric and Chemical lasersElectric and Chemical lasers

Designate and/or DestroyDesignate and/or Destroy


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MicrosatsMicrosats

Anti-satellite (ASAT) PayloadsAnti-satellite (ASAT) Payloads

Microsat Kinetic Kill Payload (MKKP)Microsat Kinetic Kill Payload (MKKP)

BlockerBlocker

JammerJammer

Space Object Identification Payload (SOIP)Space Object Identification Payload (SOIP)

DockerDocker

Microsat Electro-optical Payload (MEOP)Microsat Electro-optical Payload (MEOP)


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Mission: Destruction of Enemy SpacecraftMission: Destruction of Enemy Spacecraft

Up to 10 can be placed in orbit in 1 SMV usingUp to 10 can be placed in orbit in 1 SMV usingrotary launcherrotary launcher

Target data passed to MKKP while in the SMVTarget data passed to MKKP while in the SMV Autonomous after launchAutonomous after launch

Identifies TargetIdentifies Target Initiates hyper-velocity tail chaseInitiates hyper-velocity tail chase

Real-time imagery provides damageReal-time imagery provides damageassessmentassessment

Microsat Kinetic KillMicrosat Kinetic Kill

Payload (MKKP)Payload (MKKP)

Microsat Kinetic KillMicrosat Kinetic Kill

Payload (MKKP)Payload (MKKP)


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Mission: Deprive enemy access to their ownMission: Deprive enemy access to their ownspacecraft by radio frequency blocking.spacecraft by radio frequency blocking.

Up to 10 can be deployed from a single SMVUp to 10 can be deployed from a single SMVfrom a microsat dispenserfrom a microsat dispenser Non-destructive to enemy satelliteNon-destructive to enemy satellite Autonomous after deploymentAutonomous after deployment

Identifies subject satelliteIdentifies subject satellite Maneuvers to subject satelliteManeuvers to subject satellite Deploys a circular, gimbaled, radioDeploys a circular, gimbaled, radio

opaque fan structureopaque fan structure

BlockerBlockerBlockerBlocker

Blocker with

fan deployed


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Mission: Deprive enemy access to their own spacecraft byMission: Deprive enemy access to their own spacecraft byradio frequency jamming.radio frequency jamming.

Up to 10 can be deployed from a single SMV from a microsatUp to 10 can be deployed from a single SMV from a microsatdispenserdispenser

Non-destructive to enemy satelliteNon-destructive to enemy satellite Autonomous after deploymentAutonomous after deployment

Identifies subject satelliteIdentifies subject satellite

Maneuvers to subject satelliteManeuvers to subject satellite

Deploys antenna - jamsDeploys antenna - jams

satellite uplink & downlink signalssatellite uplink & downlink signals

JammerJammerJammerJammer


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Mission: Visual observation of enemyMission: Visual observation of enemyspacecraftspacecraft

Up to 10 SOIPs may be deployed from 1 SMVUp to 10 SOIPs may be deployed from 1 SMV

by microsat dispenserby microsat dispenser Non-destructive to enemy satelliteNon-destructive to enemy satellite

Autonomous after deploymentAutonomous after deployment Maneuvers to within 50 miles ofManeuvers to within 50 miles of

subject satellite (1 resolution)subject satellite (1 resolution) Identifies changes or maneuversIdentifies changes or maneuvers Follows subject satelliteFollows subject satellite

Identification PayloadIdentification Payload

(SOIP)(SOIP)

Identification PayloadIdentification Payload

(SOIP)(SOIP)


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Mission: Docking with and/or re-orientation ofMission: Docking with and/or re-orientation ofenemy spacecraftenemy spacecraft

Up to 10 Dockers can be deployed from 1 SMVUp to 10 Dockers can be deployed from 1 SMV May be destructive to enemy spacecraftMay be destructive to enemy spacecraft Autonomous after deploymentAutonomous after deployment

Maneuvers to enemy satelliteManeuvers to enemy satellite

Uses grapple fixture to attachUses grapple fixture to attachitself to enemy satelliteitself to enemy satellite

Benignly causes disorientation orBenignly causes disorientation or

fires thrustersfires thrusters

DockerDockerDockerDocker


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Mission: Real-time observation ofMission: Real-time observation ofterrestrial assets from space.terrestrial assets from space.

Less than 1m resolutionLess than 1m resolution Based on commercial capabilitiesBased on commercial capabilities Used to augment other spaceUsed to augment other space

capabilities or provide increasedcapabilities or provide increased

support to theatersupport to theater Allows direct tasking by theaterAllows direct tasking by theater

optical Payloadoptical Payload

(MEOP)(MEOP)

optical Payloadoptical Payload

(MEOP)(MEOP)


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(EELVs)(EELVs)

2 families of EELVs2 families of EELVs Atlas 5Atlas 5 Delta 4Delta 4

Both families have medium and heavy liftBoth families have medium and heavy liftcapabilitiescapabilities

Air Force purchases commercialAir Force purchases commercial

launch services as any otherlaunch services as any other

purchaserpurchaser Specific number of governmentSpecific number of government

launches manifested each yearlaunches manifested each year


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Re-useableRe-useable


Space Operations Vehicle (SOV)Space Operations Vehicle (SOV)

Space Maneuver Vehicle (SMV)Space Maneuver Vehicle (SMV)

VentureStarVentureStar


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Operations VehicleOperations Vehicle

(SOV)(SOV)

Demonstrator for next generation / fullDemonstrator for next generation / fullorbital capability SOVorbital capability SOV

Vertical launch single stageVertical launch single stage 12,000 to 250,000 lbs lift capability12,000 to 250,000 lbs lift capability

1 SMV, 2-3 CAVs East w/MIS (Modular1 SMV, 2-3 CAVs East w/MIS (ModularInsertion Stage), 1-2 CAVs West w/MISInsertion Stage), 1-2 CAVs West w/MIS

Based at Holloman &Based at Holloman &Minot AFBsMinot AFBs


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Space Maneuver VehicleSpace Maneuver Vehicle

(SMV)(SMV)

Reusable satellite bus w/integralReusable satellite bus w/integralpropulsion & power systemspropulsion & power systems

Launchable on SOV, Peacekeeper,Launchable on SOV, Peacekeeper,EELV-MediumEELV-Medium

Carries up to 10 Microsats or rotaryCarries up to 10 Microsats or rotary

launcherlauncher

Can remain on orbit up toCan remain on orbit up to

1 year1 year


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VentureStarVentureStar

A totally commercial re-useableA totally commercial re-useable

launch vehicle on which the USlaunch vehicle on which the US

Government purchases launchGovernment purchases launchservicesservices

A specific number of governmentA specific number of government

launches are manifested eachlaunches are manifested eachyear.year.


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Nuclear Force ApplicationNuclear Force Application

Nuclear forces consistent withNuclear forces consistent with

START IISTART II

500 Minuteman missiles w/ single500 Minuteman missiles w/ singlewarheadwarhead

14 Trident submarines, 24 tubes14 Trident submarines, 24 tubes

each, 5 warheads/ tubeeach, 5 warheads/ tube


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