National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasMODELING OF STRUCTURES BY COMPUTER PROGRAMSUsing the ETABS programMr. Rafael Salinas BasualdoCISMID-FIC-UNI1. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, the use of software in the process of analysis and designengineering is widespread. Particularly in structural engineering, theanalysis programs cover a range of applications ranging from the structuresportal frames with bracing or shear walls to the inclusion of energy dissipation orof seismic isolators at the base. The floors or cover sheet can be modeledappropriate finite elements. Also, due to the development of applicationsfinite elements, with certain programs can model the soil surrounding thetogether with the foundation structure of the foundation. At present,have programs in general use - for various types of structures: buildings,bridges, slabs, flat structures analyzable with states of stress or strain, etc..- Such as SAP in its different versions. However, higher demand isbeing the building, and for this reason there are also programs designed exclusivelyfor use in these structures. These programs, aside from the obvious disadvantage ofnarrow scope, have the following advantages:· Ease of data entry, focused on working with specific terms tobuildings, because the modeling is done from floors, windows,

shafts of columns,walls, instead of knots and generic elements.· Consistent with the data, the results are presented asquickly understood by the engineer, according to each element of the structure.· Internally programming, methods of solution of the equationsfocus on those involved most appropriate, according to the characteristicsnumerical problem that becomes typical.The program ETABS (Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems orExtended Three-Dimensional Analysis of Buildings) is one of the programsspecific purpose, with which you can perform static and dynamic analysis. Theanalysis was performed basically in the linear range, but may be considerednonlinear elements in the supports or sinks of energy. In what followswill refer to version 6.2, according to the user manual; currentlycirculation is in version 7.0, which incorporates forms of work-likeSAP-2000, in the use of multiple windows, ease of perspective views,available icons to access commands modeling, analysis or presentationresults in a fast, and so on.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas2. MODEL FEATURESAccording to the program, the building consists of an assembly of columns, beams,braces - if any - and walls, interconnected by horizontal slabs, whichdiaphragms may be flexible or rigid in its plane, as shown in Figure 1. Thebasic geometry is defined with reference to one single three-

dimensional mesh, formedby the intersection of the planes of each floor and the axes of the columns. Buildingsmay be non-symmetrical or irregularly shaped in plan. Torsional behaviordiaphragms and compatibility between the diaphragms of each floor is taken into account.With the compatibility of displacements considered in the model, it is possibledetermine the effects associated with the behavior of tall structures with columnsclosely spaced.Semi-rigid diaphragms can be modeled using a floor element (floorelement) to consider the effects of deformations in the plane. Is possiblemodeling mezzanines and interior openings. Diaphragms can be modeledmultiple at the same level as for modeling, for example, several towers rising tofrom a single combined structure, or vice versa.It is possible to include diagonal bracing (diagonal bracing element) forconsider systems braced X, K or eccentrically.A special panel element (panel element) is used to model the shear walls withforms such as a channel section - to model elevator shafts - wallscurved walls and walls with openings discontinuities. This element is based ona finite element isoparametric, raised to model membranes, but with arotational stiffness in its plane. Thereby ensuring the continuity between girders andcolumns adjacent to each wall in its plane.One or more panel elements in one or several floors, may be used to define a

single wall, denoted by a particular name, the wall may adopt flat shapesor three. The integration of the internal forces of each finite elementpanel, a set of forces and moments to the wall, is an automaticis met so that the balance with the applied forces. Forms can be modeledcomplicated walls and achieve results in a manner that might be usable in thedesign.Have been implemented a number of special formulations to support elementsnon-linear and nonlinear links at the ends, to allow modeling ofinsulator base and energy dissipation.Columns and beams may be non-prismatic, in addition, beams may havepartial fixation at the ends. The loads on the beams can be uniform,partially uniform or trapezoidal. The formulations of beams, columns,bracing and wall deformations considered bending and axial cut. The effectsthe dimensions of the beams and columns on the stiffness of the system are includedin the model.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasObviously, a great advantage to have such a program is to providemodel of a building and to make modifications, geometric orincluding structural elements, if the building does not meet theor deformation resistance requirements determined by the design codes.Figure 1. System of a Typical BuildingC1 = line of column 1C2 = Axis of column 2

B1 = Span 1B2 = Span 2COLUMNFLOORSWALL PANELSBEAMBRACINGVISTA FRAME ELEMENT 1PLANT STRUCTUREIRISHORIZONTALFLOORLocal axesof theElementsFrameSystemGlobal ReferenceNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas3. ANALYSIS AVAILABLEThe program will perform static analysis for vertical loads specified loadssides of floor or distributed loads per floor. Uniform vertical loads onsurfaces of the floor elements are converted to vertical loads of uniformadjacent beams. They have different patterns of lateral load, seismic orwind, defined by the provisions of various design codes, especiallyNorth America, although the latest versions and are considered the Eurocode orNew Zealand code. Tests for thermal effects are also consideredavailable.P-delta effects are included in the basic formulation of the lateral

stiffness matrix,as a geometric correction. This means that the balance is paid in thedeformed position, so that this problem is solved without iterations and effortlessadditional numeric. Moreover, since the correction is made to the lateral stiffness matrix,P-delta effects are already considered in the analysis in static and dynamic, suchas modal spectral analysis and time-history analysis.The modal analysis spectral method is based on the quadratic combination complete.The structure can be analyzed with the earthquake in two different directions with spectraindependent design. Modal damping effects of compoundadditional shocks - isolators or energy dissipation - are consideredin the analysis.The analysis uses a time-history integration technique considering the intervalstime for the evaluation of the coordinates manners. The ground accelerationscan excite the structure in either of two horizontal orthogonal directions,with independent movements. The results can be presented as functionstime (for example, displacement vs. time) or as response curves (forexample, force vs. displacement). On the other hand, the program may generate spectraresponse for a given accelerogram. See Figure 2.The results of the static loading conditions can be combinedtogether or with the dynamic analysis, with the inclusion of load factors, withFor design purposes.The outputs of the program are at each level displacements, shear forces,

relative displacement between floors, displacements at the nodes andreactions and internal forces on each element of the structure.The total program system is integrated with a series of post-processors for thedesign or verification of reinforced concrete elements or steel. All elementsmay be revised or designed for a variety of load combinations given andResults are reported in.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasFigure 2D Convention Addresses Dynamic Seismic AnalysisFigure 2b Convention Addresses Static Seismic AnalysisAdditional timeby the eccentricityForces inAddress XForces inMass center Y directionDiaphragmGlobal pointReferencePLANT SCHEMEPLANT STRUCTUREGlobal pointReferenceSpectrumDesignSpectrumDesignTimeHistoryTimeHistoryAddress

Seismic MovementAddressSeismic MovementNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas4. SOME TERMS IN THE PREPARATION OF THE MODELSome basic terminology is basic program for the preparation of the model.Is referred to the meaning of certain typical elements relating to buildings,and inclusion in the overall system. In the common elements - beams, columns, panelswalls, etc.. - The terminology and considerations taken are similar to anyanother analytics.4.1 Elements FRAMESA FRAME element (portico) of ETABS is in vertical columns and beamshorizontal. They can be three-dimensional shear walls and diagonal bracing. Themesh formed by horizontal floor diaphragms and the vertical axes of columnsform the basic framework for the description of the item. Axescolumns are located with coordinates in the horizontal plane (XY) and the openings arelocated on the ground as connections between shafts of columns. A span is definedas a connection between two lines of columns. On each column axis cancolumn defined as type elements can not be defined, and the same occurs inspans, ie each span can be defined on beam type elements. A beam, abracing or panel always defined between two axes of columns. The beams anddiaphragms associated with a particular floor are defined in the

corresponding axisfloor (story line), while the columns, panels, and diagonals are defined belowfloor of the corresponding shaft.4.2 Elements Floor DiaphragmsUsually, the horizontal floors at any one level are modeled asrigid horizontal diaphragm with infinite stiffness in its plane, but without stiffness outsideits plane. There may be one or more items Floor Diaphragms (diaphragms) associatedwith a single level or floor, as shown in Figure 3. This horizontal plane isconnected to the shafts of columns associated with the diaphragm. Accordingly, allaxes of columns connected to a rigid diaphragm displacements might not haveindependent of each other. Some lines of columns can be disconnected fromrigid diaphragm, to allow independent movement in the columns. Adiaphragm element can have infinite stiffness, have no stiffness or rigidity haveintermediate, by using flexible elements. The rigid diaphragms must behorizontal, flexible diaphragms may seek.The masses required for the dynamic analysis are associated with diaphragmsrigid. The masses are concentrated in the centers of mass of the diaphragmsconcerned. The masses of the elements are automatically included in adiaphragm mass together with the contribution for the moments ofinertia. The number of diaphragm elements at a particular level will depend upon themass distribution on the floor.National University of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering

COMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas4.3 Rigid ArmsWhen the dimensions of the columns are relatively large, increasing thestiffness of the structure is large, both in consideration of shear deformationas increased stiffness in the beams, as a result of a rigid arm effect.The same effect occurs in the columns with camber beams considerable. Theinternal forces in the beam and column elements are given at the outer faces of therigid arms, which has obvious advantages for design purposes. May be considereda reduction in the size of the rigid arm, to take into account flexibility andavoid underestimation of displacement. In any case, the internal forcesare always given level of the external faces of the rigid arms.Figure 3. Sample Numbering and Diaphragms Floor LevelSystemReferenceGlobalLocal HubFrame 1Local HubFrame 2National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasMODELING OF STRUCTURES BY COMPUTER PROGRAMSUsing the ETABS programExample: Seismic Analysis of Spatial StructureIn the diagram of the figure shows the floor of a reinforced concrete building with 3 floors,common use (for purposes of application of the standard E-030),

.40 X.40 columns, beams

.30 X.60 and .20 thick walls. The first floor height is 3.0 m and the floorsis 2.8 m higher. There will be a dynamic seismic analysis using the design spectrumof Earthquake Resistant Design Standard.Ground Floor First and Second Floor Third FloorWill consider the following:Estimated total weight: 1000 kg/m2, in the first and second floors800 kg/m2, on the third floorMaterial: reinforced concrete (E = 217 000 Kg/cm2)Location: Lima (zone 3)Soil type: flexible (S3)Usage: common (Category C)R Factor: 10 (dual gantry system more walls)The results presented are the total displacement of each mezzanine and distributionof seismic forces on each floor and mezzanine shear forces.February 3ABC6m6m4m1 2 3ABC4m 6m4m6mXAndNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas

I. MODEL PREPARATION. WORK ENVIRONMENT ETABSINThe model was prepared with assistance from the preprocessor ETABSIN, version 6.21, identified withicon. The working window is displayed:The basic steps for defining the structural model are:Generation of one or more meshes (or grid) and their locations with respect to systemglobal reference.· Editing a mesh (or grid) horizontally in the XY plane.· Establishment of the levels of each floor.· Location of shafts of columns and beams.· Definition of materials.· Definition of structural elements (columns, beams, resilient flooring, bracing,panels, springs).· Location of the structural elements in the model. Optionally can be locatedspecial nodes to associate a floor diaphragm and / or a spring.· Definition of loads.· General parameters for the analysis of the building: definition of frame elements,masses of each floor and floor diaphragms.ToolsViewing the Modelor for the Definition ofits Elements ScreenMenu of OptionsWork AreaNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasII. GENERATION AND ISSUE OF A HORIZONTAL GRIDFirst, it generates a mesh or grid horizontal (XY plane), with axes parallel toaxes X and Y. This grid will serve to locate the axes of columns and beams, andspecial points in the model. Layout option is activated with the

left mouse buttonand then activates the Grid suboption definition:In the displayed window, then place the mesh name and positionrespect to the global axes XYZ. Furthermore, it indicates the work units (in this case:force kilograms and meters) and type of mesh, in this case rectangular (there is the optionwork with a radial grid):Then, data about the position of the axes parallel to X and Y are given by activating theEdit Grid suboption:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasThen activates the window shown below, which contains cells which aretyping data on the position of the axes parallel to the first axis (X grid):And then the axes parallel to the X axis (Y grid):As data is entered, the option exists to confirm or cancel, asseen in the figure above, with the icons.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasIII. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LEVELS OF EACH FLOORLayout option is enabled then the suboption Stories:Whereupon the following window appears:This window nominate levels (starting with the top floor) and placed thetotal floor heights (Elevation column) or mezzanine height (columnSH, Story Height). The data can be confirmed or canceled.Using either of the two alternative data entry, the program calculates the dataof the remaining column. Optionally, you can add comments for each floor in aadditional column.

National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasIV. LOCATION OF LINES OF COLUMNS AND BEAMSThe shafts of columns and beams can be placed using the keyboard, activating windowscontaining cells similar to the previous case. The program has the option to enterthis information on the screen. To do this, you enter the 2-D mode by clicking on the2D Layout tool, which displays the following screen:Activating button again 2D Layout Layout window appears with the option to assigncolumn shafts, axle beam and floor elements:Allocating the column axis is performed by clicking on the intersections of theHorizontal axis of the grid. The symbol M indicates a column axis at such an angle definedestablishing the minor dimension and the greatest dimension.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasSimilarly one proceeds with the beam axes:Assigning a beam axis is performed by clicking on the shaft ends,represented by the intersections of the axes of the grid.After activating the tool Assign 3D shows an isometric view of the base:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasV. DEFINITION OF MATERIALSProperties option is enabled then the suboption Material:Thus has the window Material Properties, which are entering data;There are four typical options (steel, concrete porch elements or walls,

masonry) and a user's choice as shown:Here also the data in each cell can be confirmed or canceled. Purposeillustrative, they choose two types of material: concrete beams and columns (ConcreteFrames) and other concrete for the walls (Concrete Walls).In fact, the materials havethe same properties, but inIf they are different,each may be amended bythe user and then confirmed.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasVI. DEFINITION OF STRUCTURALThe types of columns are generated by selecting the Properties option and within this theColumn suboption, as shown in the figure:Then in the window that is active, are defining characteristics of the sectiontransverse and the material of the columns. Depending on the shape of the section, the data is inputon the dimensions, taking care of the dimensions in the direction of greater orlowest address:In this case the section is 0.40 x 0.40and are entered as shown. Thedata can be confirmed orcanceled:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasThe types of beams are generated in a manner analogous to the columns, with the suboption Beam:After defining the cross sectional shape and material, the dimensions indicated.At this point, care must be taken in the notations. The beam

model is 0.60 m0.30 m depth and base. Whereas the level of the floor diaphragm axis is 0.10 mon the upper face of the beam (the slab and the diaphragm), the data must beDamaj DBMAJ = 0.50 and = 0.10. The base, DBMIN, is 0.30:The following figure shows precisely the meaning of the terms defining thecross-sectional dimensions. You can consider the case of orthotropic slabs, asin the left figure.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasThe types of panels (elements that constitute the walls) are generated with the suboptionPanel:After defining the type of panel (membrane or shell) and the material shows the dimensions.Shows three dimensions, for the calculation of the efforts in the vertical direction (VT),horizontal (TH) and shear (TSHR). The wall is 0.20 m thick and is placedthis data in the cells:The panels are not necessarily rectangular, can have elements of confinement,columns is integrated on one or both ends of the panel, according to the geometry ofwall which will form part.In the figure on the right is the notation of the data to be considered in this wayparticular.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasThe file will be saved with the name SESION4 in a working folder to be chosen by

the user. Actually recording may be done at any stage of preparation ofmodel. You turn on File and then Save File As .. suboption:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasVII. LOCATION OF STRUCTURALThe assignment of elements can be done with the option and then choose Assigncorresponding sub-options. Also can be done more quickly, inscreen by clicking on the 3D Assign tool, which will activate the windowAssign options. Within this window, choose the Columns:In this window, you define the type of section andthe constraint conditions at the ends ofcolumn to assign. In Column property,1 Rectangular chose to select thefirst section of the list of sectionscolumn, then Major Addr. End conditionoption is chosen to ensure continuousthat the end is continuous (not articulate) whatit is chosen in Minor Addr. End condition.The allocation ofcolumns is done inthe display, markingwith a mousecolumn linea particular floor.Progressivelyare marking thelines that containcolumns, with the typeof sectionappropriate.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas

For beams proceeds similarly, now at Beams option is activated Beamproperty and select a rectangular, to refer to the first section of the listbeam sections. Restrictions on the ends of the beams are indicated in similarto the columns, with Major options Addr. End Addr condition and Minor. Endcondition, where is selected continuous.The allocation of the beams is made by inserting the mouse beam axes containing the sectionand restrictions set forth above. After this operation, the model is presented inas follows:To assign the walls, first you turn on Panels:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasIn the window is chosen then activated1 TV = 0.2, marking the first section ofthe list done in a previous step. Thendenotes the number of wall on WallNumber, whereby the panel elementsassign the model belong to the Wall1.The allocation ofpanel elements toWall 1 is made in thescreen. Mustselect 2-axiscolumn thereoffloor and willassigned the firstelement of the wall:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinas

Similarly, the column two priorities for the second floor and has the Wall 1full:To assign the Wall 2, Wall orthogonal to 1, is changed to 2 notation and Wall Numberperformed after selecting the column axis limiting the wall:National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasVIII. DEFINITION OF FRAME ELEMENTSETABS Frame elements are defined with the option Building. First, with thesuboption Analysis Parameters:Activates a window which indicates the structuredeviation (to reduce degrees of freedom in the analysis),in Structure Type Code, if the arms are definedRigid take one hundred percent of thedimensions or less, in Rigid End Offset, and if theanalysis will be done considering the P-Delta effect inPDelta and PDFAC factor:Then, with the option and suboption Frame Building Locations window is activateddata, which indicates the origin point position in the frame elementglobal coordinates. Indicated in this case XN and YN zero. There are options forpost comments on the Frame element, which this time is the entire structure.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasIX. FLOOR MASSESFloor masses determined on the Layout Mass suboption within the optionBuilding, as shown:Next, we present the model plant to locate there the masses. These may be

point, linearly distributed or distributed at the surface, will work with the latestoption. It denotes the mass number and type indicated Mass 1 (type two masses have ato represent the masses in the first two floors and one for third), then place thevalue of the mass per unit area, in this case 100 (in kg * s2/m/m2), indicating thatis in units of mass, as shown:Should also indicate whether it is divided into a mass surface, checking theArea, should be placed in Add mode, to go adding to the dough surface type 1.Clicking on four nodes (intersections of axes) are defined surfaces. Forfirst mass, the four nodes are marked end of the plant, taking aNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael Salinassurface defined by the predetermined spread mass. It has the followingcheck chart:For the dough 2, denotes the mass number and type indicated Mass 2 and places the value ofthe mass per unit area of 80 (in kg * s2/m/m2), indicating that it is in units ofmass. Four nodes are marked in the respective locations and a picture appearsnew, where highlighting the defined surface boundaries, superimposed on the former.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasX. Floor diaphragmsIn the definition of the floor diaphragms, it is checked and then the suboption BuildingDiaphragm Story:

A window with cells to be filled with information on the model. To indicate thefloor masses enter the codes for the masses type (1 for floors 1 and 2 °, 2 for the floor3 °) IMST column, as indicated in the following figure:As in all cell windows for data, they can be confirmed orcanceled.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasXI. DEFINITION OF SEISMIC LOADSThe seismic loads are determined by a modal spectral analysis. ETABS agostatic analysis (up to three charge states) and dynamic. You can combine them in a positionload, with load factors chosen by the user. For this example, we choose theLoading option and then the suboption Side:By activating the option window displayed, choose theoption Dynamic Spectrum within the block. Itestablishes a number of periods considered of interestfor dynamic analysis, given that certain modesabove will have a great influence on the response:Selecting Spectrum, another window of data.Are placing data on the design spectrum used, the direction of analysis (0 ° toindicate a direction parallel to the axis X), the CQC combination method, the buffer0.05. Furthermore, the spectral data are given in a separate file of text, here calledsismo1, with a line indicating the buffer, and the other a series of periods andspectral values. Spectrum Data area is precisely indicate the name offile, the scale factor is multiplied with the spectral values file (1in this case) and the number of buffer values (1 well):National University of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering

COMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasXII. PROGRAMMEOnce the model, the program runs with the file Runetabs.exe from thedirectory or an icon. In any case, a window appears where you have to indicate thedata file in its location within the disk directory:Then mark the Run button and the program runs automatically.XIII. FILE REVIEW RESULTSThe output files in text format, relevant to the case of the analysisSeismic performed are as follows:Sesion4.eko: sorted data fileSesion4.eig: output file of the eigenvalue analysis, mode shapes andmodal participation factors.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasSesion4.str: output file of dynamic spectral mode globally:Total and relative displacement between floors, and shear seismic forcesmezzanine.These results - except for those relating to global shifts of eachmezzanine - can be seen graphically ETABSOUT the post-processor, as will bebelow.National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasXIV. REVIEW OF RESULTS GRAPHICS. WORK ENVIRONMENTETABSOUT.Etabsout.exe Running the program requires the output file with a. PST(Sesion4.pst) and then displays the following chart:

By way of ETABSIN, this program has a menu of options and below a line withbuttons to the graphical presentation of the undeformed geometry, loads, thedeformed structure, and so forms the internal forces in each element.It also has buttons to view the model in more detail or from a certain perspective,for presentation purposes.For example, shownin the figure thedeformed to theload conditiondynamics in X(D1 condition according to thedata entry).National University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasThe figure shows the deformed condition of seismic loading in the Y direction(Condition D2). You can see the movement of the nodes in a node checkinganyone, then the program displays a window with results as shown:The following figure shows the first three mode shapes, which are presented ingraphic periods, the effective masses and a plan view. This scheme is chosenthe View menu of options.Selected nodeNational University of Engineering - School of Civil EngineeringCOMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasMode 2:Mode 3:National University of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering

COMPUTER ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Teacher: Mr. Rafael SalinasFor a given loading condition, the forces in each element are shaped suchthat by choosing with the mouse, in the diagram all, an element of the structure appearslocal window with the selected item and the values at any internal section, asas the mouse is located:In the previous figure were times when the senior leadership and the following are theCutting in the senior leadership. Both for the condition analysis in X direction D1.Undo editsNew! Click the words above to edit and view alternate translations. Dismiss

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