Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade
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Transcript of Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade
Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade
Chapter 6, Section 3
Mainland vs Coastal States• Mainland
– Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, Khmer
– Relatively stable region– Mountains prevented outside
interference and influence• Coastal
– Malay Peninsula, Indonesian Archipelago, Moluccas (Melaka)
– _________ merchants begin trading and influencing religion, building new states
– Rapid growth of spice trade meant more money
Arrival of Europeans• Early 1500s _________
take over spice trade from Muslims in coastal regions– Shipping by boat makes
them more powerful than Muslim counterparts
– Able to carry more, higher demand for spices in Europe
– Not powerful enough to control area and impose authority
Dutch Take Control• Dutch and _______ were
better financed and had more military support than Portuguese
• Early 1600s Dutch seized a Portuguese fort in Moluccas and began pushing them out of spice trade– Also pushed ______ out
• Imposed political and military control over region– Separated spice growth by
__________
Mainland States Resist• Less contact due to
___________ terrain and other natural borders
• When faced with European missionaries and traders, states united and drove them out
• Had already begun to define themselves as distinct entities– Controlled by monarchies that
did not want intervention from outside world
Dutch and English Impact
• Mainland– Not very much of an
impact• Coastal– States are victims of
their own resources (_________)
– Had less political unity and could not come together to address Europeans
Religious and Political Systems
• Christianity and Islam do not spread through _______ states…more success found along coast– __________ – Buddhism– ________ – Islam and
Christianity• Four styles of monarchy
begin to emerge
Types of Monarchy• __________ Kings
– Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia
– King seen as a link between humans and the universe
• _________ Kings– Kings maintained balance
between sacred and material world
– Also a link between humans and the universe
Types of Monarchy cont’d• ________ Sultans
– Viewed as a mortal, but with special powers
– Protector of the faith – Staffed his __________, or
appointed government officials, with aristocrats
• __________ Emperors– Ruled by the teachings of
Confucius– Was appointed by the
Heavens to be the link between Heaven and Earth
Exit Slip
• What factors helped Europeans influence and control the coastal areas of Southeast Asia?
• What factors prevented European influence of the mainland areas of Southeast Asia?
• Why were the Portuguese able to take control of the spice trade from the Muslims?
• Why were the Dutch able to take control of the spice trade from the Portuguese and English?
• What religions were found in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia? What was found in the mainland areas?