Source of Raw Material

Dr. Lek Wantha

ContentsBasic concepts and classification of raw materials

Secondary material sources

Rational and all- round utilization of material sources

Beneficiation of raw material

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Basic Concepts

3-4 tons of materials to produce 1 ton of product

Search new material sources Cheaper and better starting materials Recovery materials from waste

1. same process may use different materials 2.wide types of product from the same material

Benzene: starting material of man made robber, polystyrene, pesticide, and etc.

Methanol: used in various manufacture, e.g. Acetic and formic acid

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4

Source of Starting Materials Mining:

coal and tin Petroleum and gas industries:

fuels, lubricants, synthetic fiber, synthetic rubber, plastic, detergents and a multitude of other products

Ferrous and non- ferrous metallurgy: aromatic hydrocarbon, phenols,

naphthalene, SO2

Agricultural raw materials: Vegetable and animals

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Classification of Raw Materials

Origin

Mineral

Vegetable

Animals

ReserveNonrenewable

OresMineral

Fossil fuels

RenewableWater

AirVegetable

Animals

Chemical composition

Inorganic

Ores

Mineral

Organic

Oil

Coal

Natural gas

State of matter

Solid

Ores, mineral, coal, shale, peat

Liquid

Water, brines, oils

Gaseous

Air, natural gas

1

2

3

4

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Classification of Raw Materials

MaterialsPrimary Material

mineral

Fossil fuel

Water

Air

Secondary Material

Coke

Chemical fiber

Chemical rubber

Synthetic dyestuff

Synthetic resin

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Rational and all- round utilization of material sources

(16)

(72)

Fertilizer (142)

Steel (712)

Cements (934)

Natural gas (1,614)

Petroleum (2,664)

Coal (4,273)

World’ production of

key materials in 1985

(million ton)

Chemical fiber

Synthetic resin and plastic

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Beneficiation of Raw Material

Gravity method

Electromagnetic separation

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Flotation

Electrostatic separation

Hydraulic classifier

http://nett21.gec.jp/jsim_data/waste/waste_2/html/doc_374.html

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Sources

Kiattikomol, R. Chemical process industry. Faculty of Engineer, Burapha University.

http://chem-guide.blogspot.com/2010/04/different-process-involved-in.html