•.

' •

SOME RELATIVE CLAUSE TYPES IV

D. The Hopi Relative Clause and Pleonaet!c Structure

( 1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(&)

(

=, eau ••

(Sourc~ Jeanne and Hale, 1976 class notes; Jeanne, "Hopi Relative Clauses'', MIT ms., 1974; Jeanne "A Re .... consideration or the Relative Clause ~n Hop1~g MIT ms., 1975; Hale, Jeanne, and Platero, NThree casea of Overgene~~­tio:r; 1976)

Hi' ti7o'ya pakm,mi7a. (that boy cry) 'That boy is crying.•

NI' m1-t tiyo'ya-t hoona. (I that-OBL boy-OBL sent:home) 'I sent that bo7 home.•

Nit' m1-t tiyo'1a-t pakmimiy-qa-t boon •. (I that-OBL bo1-0BL cry-Q.A-OBL sent:home) 'I sent home the boJ ho waa crying. e

Mi' .tiyo•7a pam pakm&m&ya. (that boy he cry) 'Tbat bo7, he ie ery1ngc 1

£' mi-t t 10'1 -t pam pakm& 'y-qa-t hoona. (I that 0 0BL boy-OBL he cr,.-Q.l-OBL sent:home) 'I s nt hom th boy who was crying.•

i' mi-t t1yo'7a-t (pa.m) P'-t m&ana-t w&v .•ta-q ~t h~on ~ (I that-OBL boy-OBL (he) that-OBL girl-OBL atru k-QA-OBL sant~h •I sent hom the boy who struck the g1rle'

(7) N ' mi-t tiyo•y -t '1-na (p'-~) w v 't -qe-t hoonae (I that-OBL boy-OBL my-fa th r (him-OBL) !!it1•uck-q .. qBL ®ntd1 ~) 'I sent home tho bo1 whom my rather .truek.t

(8)

(9)

(10)

(ll.)

Ni' mi-t tiyo'ya-t pam rn&l.in& (pii-t) i'am&m t· al ilyte.-q .... t. ho.-.m: .... 'I that-OBL boy-OBL that girl (him-OBL) with or -o -OBL aont:t.~. 'I sent bof!le the bo1 who the girl wo.rks 1th.'

~· m1-t tiyo•y~-¢ (pi-t) po'ko-•nt mok-q -t ti • ( :C the.t-OBL boy-OBL ( bim-OBL) dog-PCSS diad-QA-·OBL a w) gI a the boy who$e dog died.' ~

Mi' tiyo•ya (pam) 'ac~ta-qa pakm~m&ya. (that boy (he} lied-QA c~y) 'The boy. nho 11.ad is crying.'

Ui' ti:ro'ya (pam) p~-t raaari -t \'Vik~a•t -q lfi'fU.i.y~r ( ths.t boy (be) tl at.-OBL gir•l-OBT ... atruck-Q,A t"'an:a n:r) 'The boy who struck thi girl ran awayo

{1?) ~Mi' t.lvo'~T'l,... m ma$.n~ :pt-t) 'i'.tve.'ta--·:, ,«t r'9. · ' ~CY ~ .. ' ~irl ,h1r1-or::..) st.·u:: - •• r.-; ... ,y

1.r •' b"J"S 1/r.1) ... t,r.t ".';trl st, u t{ r"'n '.,

{13J ~~1· t1yo'-.a ~atr. m&.'Ln'- \r _ .... 11

{that b:Jy • d1 ~hri. {r.iM-( .~I} ..... w ,rl. w 'Th~ boy "·:tt. Flb"'m U, .,~ ... rl ">"'"

r.1 • (14i *M~ 1 ti:~'y& n' (1 ~-t} ~o•kn- • ~ nt nr-qt

( h t b ~ { ' r:.· - .... , • ',. ~ a oy J. 1 ....... ·l..n.I.., c t:t-• .i...-. v~ ;.<. i. c .i.- • • r y,

'The Loy ~=s Q)g ~ Kill ts c ·linY.'

(15, N ' rnl-t 1 iyc '~'l-t th: '·te-an-t. ":>O \-:--'a .. -.,o(,,k • (I that•0•L .tj'-~dl kr. -~/>·1Bl r' p--FO S dir~d 'The boy: ~row 1 s ~o~ ~1Ad.' "fhe dog cf t h.o boy l r.·n ") f d.1 ea .. t

•

(16) Mi-t lyo'ya-t n' (p&-t tiwl'ta-qa-t p 'ko-'at noo ~. (that OBL boy-OBL I ( "1ir-:-0Bl) kn,.. .. <l,h-OBr. d;:>~-POSS dr (i.uune as (H>1)

( 17) i)t,\j -t ti yo• ya-t u~' (pi--e t waa-aa nim • (t t-OBt bay-OBL I lhim-OBL) ~e -~A ent~boma) ''lhe boy I ... av: went home .. •

(19) i 1-t tiyo'y -t n'' (p&-t) t' ·aa qa-t nim • (th.t-OBL boy-OBL I (him~OBL) sa -Q.A-OBL

nt:home) (same as (17))

{ 19) Mi' t1yo 1 ya, n ' p&-t t& aa-qa ... t, pam pay nh ... (that boy, 1 bim-JBL saw-Q)-OBL, he al1 s.dy · nt-: om) t That boy who I saw, he ent horH'h'

( 20) ?. i' l'!taana, pa.m y ~a.km m'ya, ''l'hat girl$' ~;ha ts crying ( rep<)l•tod.ly).'

(211 ML' maana~ nAt pit t i'yta. 'Ihat girl, I kno her.

( 2~) Ml' ti o'ya, pam n y tiwaa .. qa, pam p y 1im • . ' 'I·ha t boy ho knows me, ha want. home .. '

Mi' t1yo'y& n#,f p~t tltwi>yts.-qa-y, ni:' p t 'e. *· t t That boy I know, I ~ork 1 t,h him.'

( 24) NJ.' tiyoi1 ya pam pakm~tnfty-qe.-t, nl • p~t t • w1' ytn. 'Tho boy ho is crying, I know him. 1

la'yt ..

{~;5) Mi' tiyo"ya, pam ma.an p~t w6tva.l'tt1.-qa-t, pam p£t. ni 1. 'That boy tha.t the girl bit, h ent home. 1

N~-ca e hssi~nrnent ..

'• -3-

N ls [ .. ob.i] if 1mmedtately dominated by a [ ob{) ? 1 ncd

~a-Ca ~0,.__!,,~~.£_~

( i ~ [-u')lj ( /-qa /): cihared subjects, s.nd relatlv"l Nn is ubject;

(ii) 'proximate [+ob~ (/-qa-y/): shared subjects, ~nd ~ lat1ve !" ~ non~ubi~c'

(111} to .ri.at1vle• Gobl] .</-qa-t/): oth13 w ..,1;.

(GC) (1) rntv c1~·0 1 ye (parn) raca.ta-qa pakn1!r.~ya. {th oy (he) i.ied-~~ c!'y) 'The ooy ~ho 1ed ls crying.'

i"' (11) N~' ~ avo-t (n!', (p~-t) nitna-q -y s1sk\

(I i•aobit-OB; .. {I) 1t-ORL) kill d-~-proxOBL I skinned the rabbit that I killed.'

k .... nnedj

(111) Ni' ~1-~ ttyo•ya-t (pam) 'ecata- a.t hoo~ o

(l that-OBL oy-OBL (he) lied-QA-~ vOBL ~~nt~h ·) '! ~ent home th~ toy that lied.'

(2'7} (1) 'ita-n mi-t tiyo'}n·t n ~ (p~ t) ~~ · a-qa t loo • t ou:r father ent hom the boy whom I w.'

( 11) 'its n (a

mi-t ttyo,ya-t hoona. ... (''))

' (p -t) ti. -q

1' tiyo'y n~' (p -t) t aa-qA-~ a7 ntma. (that hoy I (him-uBL} sa (..,A-obvOB.... re dy ~nt: iom ) The boy I sa' went heme.' (But cf. { 9) e~ove)

(' ... 8) l 1)

( il) Mi' tiyo 6 ya p .y niina, n.' (p -t~ t wao.- a.-t .. (that boy all~ec.d,, ,. ent;home, t (h m-O~I s v.r-Q.A··~bvOBL) 'The boy .en t nome, ... o I sa\•,.'

Fi ter (for .orne di l .t } ---

(29) AJ:•paront raisin\):

( ) ~· ~ly~'ya n ' pl-t t waa-qa-t, p m P~Y nimao 'T t bey I s&w, he w~nt home.•

( b) i-t tiyo•y -t n~' p~-·t t• aa.qa-t, P m p y nl

(o) ~ . • tlyo'y . t -qa-t, pam pay nima ..

a

( .;_) . 1 "!',,. "J pam pay n ma, n ,

p-t t ee.-qa~ ... ., • ..

(e) ... -;) f lj. 'm p y nim , n • p -t t.r:wa. q t.,

·. -4-

(30 The pleone.stic structure:

su: Mi' t1yo•ya. 'a.c .ta. 'That boy lied.'

1' t1yo 1 yn:t pe.m •acnte. •That boy, he l ted .. '

", m1-t tlyo'ya-t t~wi'yte.. 'I kno ~ t}'; t boy D y

ni' -t tltwi •yt 'That toy, I know hi Mi' tiro'ya, p

,. m1-t tiyo'ys.-t t~wi'yte.. I.[ kn'Yfi tha.t bo ..

N f mi t tlyo'ya-t p"-t ti 1'yt.n .. c~>

P": N£,' '1-t ta.nqa-t 'a.-m m t'ma l , yte.. 'I WO?' w th th!

Ni.' '1-t -cae.~a-t p~-t 'e-~'m t'mala'yta. ( q)

N": i-t tiyo'y -t po'ko-' ... tn.:>nki. 1 Tb. t boy' og d d,.

1-t t1yo•7 -t F -t po•ko-'at mookie '\

'It -na ni' •1-t t vo-t ncina-qa t at k~ ....rii. tour father ill kin thio rabbit I lad.'

-t n11na~q t 1

(31) The ps udo-he d:

( ) N'' mi-t maana-t navot1'~t • 'I kno chat ~!r1~'

(b) N ' Hotv lpe ti1kive-n1-qa-t r voti'yt rt know that there 1 goin~ o oe dance t Hot illP..11

( c) N ' hi' t 'l knO

ott"yta. h1ng.

(d) N •1 tm1 • 11 ant} .. 10 'jif s yme · n -qe..- ni.i.vc> ... 1 yte.. I know the. t t~a t (t'1 t•l !.11 ta a .. ood 1 tc groo ' Cl ho s

(e) .Nt- 11 mi-t ms i. -t- u:~am) i.oova'} a-nt~qa-t navot.1117tD ..

' t;

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