Sound Devices

Sound DevicesSound Devices A good poem can often be identified by its sound quality.

1. How do we evaluate sound quality?Poets use certain devices to create sound within a poem. We need to analyze the poem to look out for these devices, indicate the sound produced and evaluate its effect on the reader.2. What do poets use to create sound within a poem?There are four main devices:AlliterationAssonanceConsonanceOnomatopoeia

3. Purpose of using sound devices Sound devices are often used for three main reasons:To complement or emphasize the message of the poem.To create a mood.To reveal the speakers attitude.

Alliteration

5What is Alliteration?Alliteration is the repetition of the same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together. Alliteration can create a musical effect or help establish a mood.

Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sound in two or more neighboring words or syllables.

Here are some examples:the wild winds of winterPeter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/otherresources/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsAlliteration.htm6Lets look at another exampleWEATHER Whether the weather be fineOr whether the weather be not,Whether the weather be coldOr whether the weather be hot,We'll weather the weatherWhatever the weather,Whether we like it or not.-- Anonymous

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What is the purpose of Alliteration?

The purpose of alliteration is to create a consistent pattern that catches the mind's eye and focuses attention. -http://www.techwr-l.com/techwhirl/archives/9810/techwhirl-9810-00362.html8The railroad tracks ran right through the center of town. Alliteration makes the reader read faster, thereby adding a sense of speed and intensity to the sentence.WriteGuides Letter Writing Program

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Stan the strong surfer saved several swimmers on Saturday. Tiny Tommy Thomson takes toy trucks to Timmys on Tuesday. Alliterative poems tend to be tongue twisters. They are written for the fun they bring when they are read!She sells seashells by the seashore!

11Rules for AlliterationProper alliteration is NOT a repetition of letters; it is a repetition of sound.

For example, never and knight alliterate because they begin with the same consonant sound.

Conversely, even though tin and thank begin with the same letter, they do not alliterate because they dont begin with the same consonant sound.

12Alliteration is all around us!Take some time to look around and notice13In a Story or poetry

Fresh Fish Do you like fresh fish?It's just fine at Finney's Diner.Finney also has some fresher fishthat's fresher and much finer.But his best fish is his freshest fishand Finney says with pride,"The finest fish at Finney's ismy freshest fish, French-fried!""Oh say can you say" Dr. Seuss, 1979

14In Sports (Sports writers REALLY love alliteration!)

15On Billboards in advertising

16On the World Wide Web

17Restaurants advertise using the help of alliteration.

18Product Advertising (another HUGE user of alliteration)

19Brand Names

20Store Names

21Big Bears biting berries Dirty dogs _____________ in the dirt._______________ cats cooking carrots.Five fish ______________________________snakes slitheringRed rabbits _____________________________horses hauling hayPurple pandas ______________ picturesCreepy _______________ crawlingMany mice ____________________Tired ________________ talkingGreen gorillas ______________________________ whales waiting in the water22Super Tongue Twister!Esau Wood sawed wood. Esau Wood would saw wood. Oh, the wood that Wood would saw! One day Esau Wood saw a saw saw wood as no other woodsaw Wood ever saw would saw wood. Of all the woodsaws Wood ever saw saw wood, Wood never saw a woodsaw that would saw wood like the woodsaw Wood saw would saw wood. Now Esau Wood saws with that saw he saw saw wood. Examples of tongue twistersBertha Bartholomew blew big, blue bubbles.Elmer Elwood eluded eleven elderly elephants.Lila Ledbetter lugged a lot of little lemons.Vicky Vinc viewed a very valuable vase.

You will :Make up two twisters about famous people with whom you are familiar.Make up two twisters about popular products you use.Make up one twisters about your favorite animal.Pick your favorite and illustrate it.AssonanceAASSONANCERepetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in stressed syllables, as in blade and maze.

Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry.

Vowels = a, e, i, o, u

LakeFateBaseFade(All share the long a sound.)

On this green bank, by this soft stream, We set today the votive stone;That memory may their deed redeem When, like our sires, our sons are gone.from Concord Hymn by Ralph Waldo EmersonAssonance27AssonanceExamples That solitude which suits abstruser musings - Samuel Taylor Coleridge Hear the mellow wedding bells. Edgar Allen PoeDead in da middle of little Italy, little did we know that we riddled some middle men who didn't do diddily." Big Pun

Write down the example of assonance in each of the following:1. Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.John Masefield

2. Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.- William ShakespeareConsonanceConsonanceRepetition of similar consonant sounds at the ends of accented syllables, as in wind and sand. Repetition of a consonant sound that is not at the beginning of the word.A consonant is not a vowel.

Consonance refers to fixed consonant but changing vowel sounds. For example, escaped and scooped, gored and groaned, bestirred and stared. By the rude bridge that arched the flood, Their flag to Aprils breeze unfurled,Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard round the world.from Concord Hymn by Ralph Waldo EmersonConsonance32Example of Consonance Rap rejects my tape deck, ejects projectile - Fugees

Write down all alliteration, assonance, and consonance used in the following poemNothing Gold Can Stay by Robert Frost

Nature's first green is gold, Her hardest hue to hold. Her early leaf's a flower; But only so an hour. Then leaf subsides to leaf. So Eden sank to grief, So dawn goes down to day. Nothing gold can stay

OnomatopoeiaWhat is Onomatopoeia?Onomatopoeia is a sound device where the poet uses words to imitate real sound.Onomatopoeia is the use of a word whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning.These words help us form mental pictures about the things, people, or places that are described.

Watch video clip fromhttp://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=14716&CategoryID=2259

ExamplesbuzzhissroarwoofbangpopsizzlethumprumbleHowlswishtwittergroan

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Onomatopoeia word that expresses soundZip, zoom, bang, boom

ONOMATOPOEIA The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of each purple curtain . . .

Chug chug chug!!Swish swish swishYeeeeee AhhhhhhhhGlippp Gluppp GlupppNow you try!!

See how Danielle Caryl used onomatopoeia in her poem Noises on the next slide. NoisesBy Danielle Caryl

The click of the clock, the creak of the stair,The squeak of a mouse and the swoosh of the air.The groan of the house as it settles below,And outside the window, the patter of snow.The scruff of the dogs paws below where I rest,The rattle of the window that seems to face West.The jingle of bells from a wind chime next doorThe unearthly sounds of a truly loud snore.The crunching of snow under an animals feet,The honk of a horn from right down the street.So many noises I just want to weep,Is it too much to ask for some sleep? ONOMATOPOEIA POEMS

CampingCrack! Crack!The fire crackles under the stars.Sizzle! Sizzle!The water sizzles above the fire.Crunch! Crunch!The campers crunching on potato chips.Click! Clack! Click! Clack!The tent poles clicking and clacking together.Rustle! Rustle!As we prepare our sleeping bags to go to sleep.Chirp! Chirp!The crickets say, good-night.

The GameClap! Clap!Stomp! Stomp!Swish! Swish!This is the way we get throughOur games.The crowd shouts,Yahoo!The ball soars through the air.Then, bounce, bounce, bounce.The audience holds its breath.SWISH!The ball goes in; We win!

http://www.mywordwizard.com/onomatopoeia-poems.htmlYou will now write one Onomatopoeia poem.Have fun.Be creative.Add a drawing to complete your poem.Make sure to include lots of onomatopoeia words.Underline all of your examples of onomatopoeia.

repetitionRepetitionRepetition is the repeating of sounds, syllables, words, phrases, lines and verses that appear in a work.As a sound effect, repetition can create rhythm or enhance a mood or emotional effect.Often repetition is used to show urgency or importance.

If only, If only

The ringing of the bells, bells, bells

52RepetitionIve known rivers:Ancient, dusky rivers.

My soul has growndeep like rivers.

from The Negro Speaks of Rivers by Langston Hughes53Example of RepetitionThe woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep.

From Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert FrostRhymeRHYMEWords sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds.

(A word always rhymes with itself.)LAMPSTAMP

Share the short a vowel soundShare the combined mp consonant sound

56Activity: Rhyme group game

TYPES OF RHYME end rhyme internal rhyme

57End RhymeMost common rhyme pattern used by poets.End words of lines rhymeLines may rhyme by: 1. consecutive lines 2. alternate lines 3. more distant linesA single poem may use many variations. End rhymes usually follow a regular pattern within a poem, called its rhyme scheme.

END RHYMEHector the CollectorCollected bits of string.Collected dolls with broken headsAnd rusty bells that would not ring.Love is not all: it is not meat nor drinkNor slumber nor a roof against the rain; Nor yet a floating spar to men that sinkAnd rise and sink and rise and sink again . . . from Sonnet XXX by Edna St. Vincent Millay.End Rhymeaabb60Write down the rhyme schemeHe clasps the crag with crooked hands;Close to the sun in lonely lands, Ringed with the azure world, he stands. From The Eagle by Alfred, Lord TennysonAAAWrite down the rhyme schemeSunset and evening star, And one clear call for me! And may there be no moaning of the bar, When I put out to sea

From Crossing the Bar by Alfred, Lord TennysonABABInternal RhymeINTERNAL RHYMEA word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line.

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary.

From The Raven by Edgar Allan PoeInternal RhymeUnwarmed by any sunset lightThe gray day darkened into night,A night made hoary with the swarmAnd whirl-dance of the blinding storm,As zigzag, wavering to and fro,Crossed and recrossed the wingd snow:from Snow-Bound: A Winter Idyll by John Greenleaf Whittier65Write down the internal rhymeAnd I had done a hellish thingAnd it would work em woe:For all averred, I had killed the birdThat made the breeze to blow.Ah wretch! said they, the bird to slay,That made the breeze to blow.

From The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by S. T. ColeridgerhythmRHYTHM

The beat created by the sounds of the words in a poem

Rhythm can be created by meter, rhyme, alliteration and refrain.RhythmRhythm refers to the beat, or the pattern of stresses, which occur in poetry. For a poem to have rhythm, it has to be read following a pattern with its syllables. For example:da, da, dadada da da, da, da, dadada da da,da, da, dadada da da, da, da, dadada da da.

Usually, we can feel the rhythm best when we read aloud. We can mark the beats, or stresses and thus, see the pattern built in by the poet. Usually, we mark the stresses in a line of poetry with a small sloping dash above the accented syllable.

Example of RhythmHumpty Dumpty sat on a wallHumpty Dumpty had a great falland of all the kings horses and all of the Kings men couldnt put Humpty Dumpty together again. Practice Your RhythmClankity Clankity Clankity Clank!Ankylosaurus was built like a tank,Its hide was a fortress as sturdy as steel,It tended to be an inedible meal.

It was armored in front, it was armored behind,There wasnt a thing on its minuscule mind,It waddled about on its four stubby legs,Nibbling on plants with a mouthful of pegs.

Ankylosaurus was best left alone, Its tail was a cudgel of gristle and bone,Clankity Clankity Clankity Clank!Ankylosaurus was built like a tank. By: Jack Prelutsky

More Rhythm PracticeIguanodon, Iguanodon,Whatever made you fade,Youve traveled on, Iguanodon,We wish you could have stayed.

Iguanodon, Iguanodon,Weve sought you everywhere, Both here and yon, Iguanodon,But failed to find you there.

Iguanodon, Iguanodon,You were a gentle kind,But now youre gone, Iguanodon,And left your bones behind.By: Jack PrelutskymeterMETERA pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.When poets write in meter, they count out the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. Then they repeat the pattern throughout the poem.METER FOOT - unit of meter. A foot can have two or three syllables.Usually consists of one stressed and one or more unstressed syllables.Rhythm and MeterAnd he was always quietly arrayed,

And he was always human when he talked.from Richard Cory by Edwin Arlington Robinson 76The End

http://languagearts.pppst.com/alliteration.htmlmrdmorton.com/powerpoints/Alliteration_Consonance_Assonance.ppthttp://www.ereadingworksheets.com/figurative-language/poetic-devices/