PENDAHULUANPENDAHULUANPrepare byPrepare by

Dadang IskandarDadang Iskandar

2

Sociology is the systematic study of social behavior and human groups. It focuses primarily on the influence of social relationships on people's attitudes and behavior and how societies are established and change.

What is Sociology?

3

The Development of Sociology

• Auguste Comte“How society might be improved”

• Harriet Martineau“Social class distinctions and to such factors as gender

and race””• Herbert Spencer

“Society as a big unit from sociology”• Emile Durkhein

“Relationships between suicide and social factors”• Max Weber

“Theory of Bureaucracy”• Karl Marx

“Social class theory”

4

Major Theoretical Perspectives

• Functionalist PerspectivesA sociological approach that emphasizes the way that parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability

• Conflict PerspectivesA sociological approach that assumes that social behavior is the best understood in terms of conflict or tension between competing groups

• Interactionist PerspectivesA sociological approach that generalizes about fundamental or everyday forms of social interaction

• Feminist PerspectivesA sociological approach that views inequality of gender as central to all behaviour and organization

5

MASYARAKAT

INSTITUSI/LEMBAGA

EKONOMI

POLITIK

KELUARGA

KEAGAMAAN

INSTITUSI = f(Keluarga, Institusi ekonomi, Institusi politik, Keagamaan, etc)

6

Sosiologi

Sejarah

Ilmu-ilmu Alam

Ilmu-ilmu sosial lainnya

Ekonomi

PERBANDINGAN ANTARA SOSIOLOGI DAN ILMU-ILMU LAINNYA

Ilmu Politik

Psikologi

Antrapologi

Perilaku Manusia / Masyarakat dalam

Konteks Sosial

7

The word "Politics" is derived from the Greek word for city-state, "Polis". Corporate, religious, academic and every other polity, especially those constrained by limited resources, contain dominance hierarchy and therefore politics. Politics is most often studied in relation to the administration of governments.

Politics is the process by which decisions are made within groups. Although the term is generally applied to behavior within governments, politics is also observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic, and religious institutions.

Politics is “who gets what, when and how”

What is Politics ?

8

Concept in politics

• State• Power and authority• Decision Making• Public Policy• Allocation, distribution, stabilization and

regulation

9

Concept in politics

StateState

Decision MakingDecision Making

Public PolicyPublic Policy

Allocation, distribution, stabilization and Allocation, distribution, stabilization and regulationregulation

Power and AuthorityPower and Authority

10

Concept of Political Sociology1. Political Socialization2. Political Participation3. Political Recruiting4. Political Communications

11

A Definition of Economics

Economics is the science of choice — the science that explains the choices that we make and how those choices change as we cope with scarcity.

12

Pengertian Sosiologi dan Politik dalam Kerangka Analisis Ekonomi

“Proses dimana keterlibatan pemerintah atau negara dengan kekuasaan dan otoritasnya dalam perekonomian suatu masyarakat, serta mengenai segenap konsekuensi ekonomi dari ukuran serta struktur tertentu dari sektor publik tersebut. Fokus utama lebih ditekankan pada berbagai perbedaan antara sektor publik (pemerintah) dan sektor swasta (masyarakat) dan pasar serta segenap implikasinya terhadap ekonomi dan politik”

13