Sorun Hydrology
Transcript of Sorun Hydrology
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Head Loss Calculation
Design Discharge 5.72 m³/s
Normal Water Level at Weir 833.249 m
Tailrace level 744.905 m
Gross Head 88.344 m
SN Description Units Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct
1 FrictionLossDischarge,Q m³/s 2.36 1.98 1.75 1.78 2.43 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50
Number of Turbine operation 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
Diameter of pipe, D m 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60
No. of pipes, N No. 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Velocity m/s 1.17 0.98 0.87 0.89 1.21 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.73 3.73
Pipe length, L m 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00 340.00
Head Loss m 0.22 0.16 0.12 0.13 0.24 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26
Total Fric t ion Loss m 0.22 0.16 0.12 0.13 0.24 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26 2.26
2 Turbulence Loss
2.1 Entrance Loss
Loss coeff. 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
Head Loss m 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14
2.2 Bend Loss
Radius of bend, r m 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
r/d 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13Bend angle (avg) deg 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
Loss coeff. 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
No. of Bends 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Head Loss m 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14
2.4 Valve Loss
Loss coeff. 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Head Loss m 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18
2.5 Exit/Draft Tube Loss
Loss coeff. 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Head Loss 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71
Total Turbu lence Losses m 0.12 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.12 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
Head Loss befo re Head Pond m 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39
Total Head Loss 1.73 1.63 1.58 1.58 1.75 4.82 4.82 4.82 4.82 4.82
Net Head 86.61 86.71 86.77 86.76 86.59 83.52 83.52 83.52 83.52 83.52
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Installed Capacity, kW 9,500 Rated Efficiencies
7.50 Generator
10% of minimum flow 0.195 Turbine
5% Transformer
160 Combined
Julian
Calendar
No of
days
River
Discharg
e
Reparia
n Flow
Available
Flow
Plant
Flow
Net
Head
Combi
ned
Efficie
ncy Power
Dry
season
energy
Wet season
energy Total Energy Outa
(m /s) (m /s) (m /s) (m /s) (m) % (kW) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kW
Jan 31.00 2.55 0.19 2.36 2.36 151.00 85.54% 2,987 2,222,537 2,222,537 111
Feb 28.00 2.17 0.19 1.98 1.98 151.00 85.54% 2,509 1,685,809 1,685,809 84
Mar 31.00 1.95 0.19 1.75 1.75 151.00 85.54% 2,223 1,653,709 1,653,709 82
Apr 30.00 1.98 0.19 1.78 1.78 151.00 85.54% 2,260 813,427 813,427 1,626,853 81
May 31.00 2.63 0.19 2.43 2.43 151.00 85.54% 3,084 2,294,156 2,294,156 114
Jun 30.00 8.25 0.19 8.06 7.50 151.00 85.54% 9,500 6,840,000 6,840,000 342
July 31.00 25.42 0.19 25.23 7.50 151.00 85.54% 9,500 7,068,000 7,068,000 353
Aug 31.00 30.60 0.19 30.41 7.50 151.00 85.54% 9,500 7,068,000 7,068,000 353
Sept 30.00 23.27 0.19 23.07 7.50 151.00 85.54% 9,500 6,840,000 6,840,000 342
Oct 31.00 10.38 0.19 10.18 7.50 151.00 85.54% 9,500 7,068,000 7,068,000 353
Nov 30.00 4.29 0.19 4.10 4.10 151.00 85.54% 5,194 3,739,578 3,739,578 186
Dec 31.00 2.84 0.19 2.65 2.65 151.00 85.54% 3,352 1,247,106 1,247,106 2,494,211 124
365.00 9.70 Total 7,622,586 42,978,266 50,600,852 2,530
Plant FaDry season energy
Wet season energy
POWER AND ENERGY GENERATION
Sorun Khola Hydropow er Project
7,241,457
40,829,352
Design discharge, m3/s
D/s release, m3/s
Total Annual Energy 48,070,809
Gross Head,m
Outage and Losses
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Summary of Flows by various Method
SN Month
WECS
Method
MHSP
Method MIP Method
Adopted
Average Flow
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 January 1.76 2.19 1.75 1.90
2 February 1.50 1.79 1.32 1.54
3 March 1.34 1.64 1.04 1.34
4 April 1.36 1.97 0.78 1.37
5 May 1.81 1.38 0.94 1.38
6 June 5.69 6.29 5.66 5.88
7 July 17.53 17.59 14.16 16.43
8 August 21.11 21.39 21.25 21.25
9 September 16.05 16.77 15.73 16.18
10 October 7.16 8.06 7.08 7.43
11 November 2.96 3.91 4.41 3.76
12 December 1.96 2.54 2.36 2.29
Adopted Flow = Average of (1,2,3)
Time Exceedence of Monthly Discharges at weir site
N Month Month
%
exceedence
Flow in the
river (cumec)
%
exceedenc
e
Reparian Flow
(cumec)
Flow Available
for Diversion
(Cumec)
1 8 August 8% 20.30 8% 0.12 20.18
2 7 July 17% 15.66 17% 0.12 15.54
3 9 September 25% 15.52 25% 0.12 15.40
4 10 October 33% 7.07 33% 0.12 6.95
5 6 June 42% 5.53 42% 0.12 5.41
6 11 November 50% 3.65 50% 0.12 3.53
7 12 December 58% 2.20 58% 0.12 2.08
8 1 January 67% 1.68 67% 0.12 1.56
9 2 February 75% 1.36 75% 0.12 1.24
10 5 May 83% 1.18 83% 0.12 1.06
11 3 March 92% 1.17 92% 0.12 1.05
12 4 April 100% 1.17 100% 0.12 1.05
5.84 cumecs
5.72 cumecs
5.72 cumecs
Flow in the river with 40% exceedence
Flow available for diversion with 40% exceedence
Flow to be diverted
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5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Flow Duration Curve
Flow Duration Curve
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Flow Estimation Using WECS 1990 Method
Mean Flow at Weir Axis
Total Catchment Area 137.22 sqkm
Catchment Area Below 5000m 137.08 sqkm
Monsoon Index at Centroid 1,000 mm factor
Mean Monthly Flows 1.45
Jan 1.76 cum/s 2.552576486
Feb 1.50 cum/s 2.17482054
Mar 1.34 cum/s 1.949165134
Apr 1.36 cum/s 1.978202292
May 1.81 cum/s 2.628549266
Jun 5.69 cum/s 8.250738956Jul 17.53 cum/s 25.42447484
Aug 21.11 cum/s 30.60410761
Sep 16.05 cum/s 23.26732504
Oct 7.16 cum/s 10.3767693
Nov 2.96 cum/s 4.294079663
Dec 1.96 cum/s 2.840767579
-
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
M e a n F l o w
( c u m / s )
Months
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Medium Hydropower Study Project (NEA 1997) Method
Mean Flow at Weir Axis
137.22 Km2
1,000 mm
Far Western
MHSP prediction equation constants for mean flow
Month C A1 A2
Jan 2.19 m3/s January 0.03117 0.8644 0
Feb 1.79 m3/s February 0.02417 0.8752 0
Mar 1.64 m3/s March 0.02053 0.8902 0
Apr 1.97 m3/s April 0.01783 0.9558 0
May 1.38 m3/s May 0.01193 0.9657 0
Jun 6.29 m3/s June 0.01135 0.9466 0
Jul 17.59 m3/s July 0.01641 0.9216 0
Aug 21.39 m3/s August 0.02592 0.9095 0
Sep 16.77 m3/s Septrmber 0.02206 0.8963 0
Oct 8.06 m3/s October 0.01504 0.8772 0
Nov 3.91 m3/s November 0.00792 0.8804 0
Dec 2.54 m3/s December 0.00538 0.8890 0
Mean monthly flow analysis
Catchment area
Mean monsoon precipitation
Region
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
M e a n F l o w
( c u m / s )
Months
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Flow Estimation Using MIP Method for Correlation
Mean Flow at Weir Axis
Total Catchment Area 137.22 sqkm
MIP Region 2
Mean Monthly Flows
Jan 1.7451 cum/s
Feb 1.3244 cum/s
Mar 1.0362 cum/s
Apr 0.7791 cum/s
May 0.9427 cum/s
Jun 5.6639 cum/sJul 14.1637 cum/s
Aug 21.2455 cum/s
Sep 15.7296 cum/s
Oct 7.0818 cum/s
Nov 4.4070 cum/s
Dec 2.3606 cum/s
-
5.0000
10.0000
15.0000
20.0000
25.0000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
M e a n F l o w
( c u m / s )
Months
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Summary of Floods by Various MethodSn Return Period High Flood Value Adopted Design
MHSP WECS Flood
1 2 Q2 142.26 142.26
2 5 Q5 142.84 231.36 231.363 10 Q10 298.30 298.30
4 20 Q20 216.81 367.88 367.88
5 50 Q50 271.61 465.91 465.91
6 100 Q100 318.46 545.17 545.17
7 200 Q200 629.85 629.85
8 500 Q500 749.88 749.88
9 1000 Q1000 508.90
10 10000 Q10000 764.73
Method
545.17
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Medium Hydropower Study Project (NEA 1997) Method
Inputs are
137.22 Km2
1,000 mm
western
Regression coefficients for regional analysis of flood peaks
Analysis of flood
Q5year 142.84 m3/s
Q20year 216.81 m3/s k b k b
Q50year 271.61 m3/s 5 2.0409 0.8632 1.6762
Q100year 318.46 m3/s 20 3.2895 0.8510 3.2303
Q1000year 508.90 m3/s 50 4.2570 0.8444 4.6090
Q10000year 764.73 m3/s 100 5.2225 0.8352 5.9865
1000 9.2270 0.8148 12.6603
10000 14.4580 0.8063 24.6431
Catchment area
Mean monsoon precipitation
Region
Return period
Regio
Western Cent
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Birendranagar Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Estimation of Flood Discharge
River
Locat ion :
1) Water and Energy Commission Secretar ia t Method (WECS 1990 Method)
Catchment Area Below 3000m A = 137.08 Sqkm
Two Year Flood Q2 1.8767(A+1).
= 142.26 cum/s
Hundred Year Flood Q100 14.63(A+1)0.7342
= 545.17 cum/s
Standard Deviation of Natural Log s ln (Q100/Q2)/2.326 = 0.57758
Return
Periods
(T)
2 Q2 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 142.26
5 Q5 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 231.36
10 Q10 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 298.30
20 Q20 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 367.8850 Q50 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 465.91
100 Q100 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 545.17
200 Q200 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 629.85
500 Q500 QR=exp(lnQ2+s*s) 749.88
2.054
2.326
2.576
2.878
Flood Flows (QR)
Standardiz
normal Varia
0.000
0.842
1.282
1.645
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Rating Curve
Weir Axis
Depth Elevation A P R S n V Q
(m) (m) (sqm) (m) (m) (m/s)
(cum/s)
x1000
8.000 1199.845 198.540 49.120 4.0419 0.0595 0.0740 8.369 1.66
7.000 1198.845 156.770 42.890 3.6552 0.0595 0.0740 7.827 1.23
6.000 1197.845 124.010 33.470 3.7051 0.0595 0.0740 7.898 0.98
5.000 1196.845 95.190 30.650 3.1057 0.0595 0.0740 7.021 0.67
4.000 1195.845 68.170 27.890 2.4442 0.0595 0.0740 5.985 0.408
3.000 1194.845 43.570 23.740 1.8353 0.0595 0.0740 4.944 0.22
2.000 1193.845 23.150 18.610 1.2440 0.0595 0.0740 3.815 0.09
1.000 1192.845 7.850 12.380 0.6341 0.0595 0.0740 2.434 0.02
- 1191.845 0.00
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
E l e v a t i o n ( m )
Discharge (cum/s x1000)
Rating Curve (Weir)
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Rating Curve
Powerhouse Axis
Depth Elevation A P R S n V Q
(m) (m) (sqm) (m) (m) (m/s)
(cum/s)
x1000
4.000 550.215 1,394.580 414.340 3.3658 0.0097 0.0400 5.5299 7.71
3.000 549.215 985.180 411.660 2.3932 0.0097 0.0400 4.4053 4.34
2.000 548.215 577.100 408.980 1.4111 0.0097 0.0400 3.0976 1.79
1.000 547.215 182.090 339.630 0.5361 0.0097 0.0400 1.6250 0.30
- 546.215 0.00
546
547
548
549
550
551
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
E l e v a t i o n ( m )
Discharge (cum/s x1000)
Rating Curve (Powerhouse)
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River Hydrology(River Flow Calculation) WECS Method
Low Flow Calculation
Return
Period
(Years)
Duration
(Days)
Constant
(Coeffi-
cient)
Coeffi-cientof Indepen-
dent
Varibals
CatchmentArea below
5000m
(Sqkm)
Discharge
(m3 /sec)
Discharge
(lps)
Period (Days) Coefficeint f Independent Area (m3/s) (lps)
(Years) variable (Sqkm)
20 Monthly 0.03059 0.08284 137.22 1.009 1009
10 Monthly 0.07490 0.08480 137.22 1.149 1149
2 Monthly 0.09299 0.09269 137.22 1.399 1399
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Prediction of Sediment
Himalayan Sediment Yield (HSY) Technique (Galay, 1987)
Yield (Specific)
SN Physiographic Zone Elevation
SpecificSediment Yield
(ton/km2/year Area sqkm Zsy
1 High Himalayas Above 6000m 500 4.21 2105
2 High Mountain 3500-6000 2500 145 362500
3 Middle Mountain 1000-3500 5000 444.86 2224300
4 Siwalik 500-1000 7500 39 292500
Total Sediment yield,Sy 2881405
Total Sediment yield/sqkm 4551.479299 ton/sqkm/year