Solvent development for biogas scrubbers for CO2 removal - Marco Linders

October 01, 2014 1

Marco Linders Solvent development for biogas

Customers TNO

TNO is a technology development and consulting company with over 30 years of experience in (Renewable) Gas technology

TNO Facts !  Independent Research Organization !  Technology development, consulting, and contract R&D !  Approximately 3800 employees !  600 million Euro Revenue, 1/3 government funding

Markets !  Energy, Defence & Safety, Industry, Healthy Living, Living Environment

Gas Treatment: Our Focus Areas Processes for purifica1on, separa1on & treatment of:

Flue Gas Natural Gas / Syngas / Biogas

U1liza1on

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Technology Innova1ons

CO2-‐lean solvent

CO2-‐rich solvent

Smart CO2 Feeding Combining CO2 capture with algae cultivation to: !  Decrease in energy requirement for solvent regeneration !  Increase in algae growth rates & CO2 feeding efficiency !  Create potential revenue from bio-products

Algae for CO2 capture & utilization

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H2S removal technology Technology Innovations

Principle of technology: 2 Fe(III)NTA + H2S à 2 Fe(II)NTA + S0 + 2 H+

2 Fe(II)NTA + ½ O2 + 2 H+ à 2 Fe(III)NTA + H2O

•  High removal efficiency up to 99,9% •  Sulphur removal of 0,1 to 20 t/d •  H2S is directly converted to

elemental sulphur •  No Claus-SRU required •  Low CAPEX/OPEX


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Process Development

Proof of Principle -‐ VLE & batch tes1ng Molecular modelling Synthesis

Pilot plant Pilot plant design & scale up Proof of Concept -‐ Mini pilot (Lab scale)

TNO Approach

Carbon Clean Solutions MethPure Solvent development for biogas scrubbers – approach

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!  Goal: outperform current used state-of-the-art solvents (e.g. aMDEA) with respect to general performance, stability, operating costs

!  Benchmark: amine, pressure swing adsorption and water scrubbers for CO2 removal

!  Approach:

Miniplant tes1ng Demonstra1on

Solvent Mixture

op1misa1on

Solvent component iden1fica1on

Equilibrium Thermal stability

Physical characteristics (Kinetics)

Stripper pressure Stripper temperature

Solvent loading

European Partner; Capacity 6000 m3/day

Benchmark against aMDEA

Equilibrium testing

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!  Mixtures significantly better than MDEA at required partial pressure !  Mixture 2 selected because it has higher thermal stability (see next)

Equilibrium 19% thermal energy savings compared to

benchmark aMDEA

Thermal stability testing

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!  CO2 loaded samples stored at 160°C for 3 weeks (accelerated aging)

Physical characteristics

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!  At high CO2 loadings, viscosity can be an issue

Miniplant testing

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!  Solvent performance testing in a continuous absorption-desorption miniplant

!  Solvent handling and practical issues such as foaming

Miniplant testing

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Characteristics: !  Mobile and fully automated !  Capacity of 4 m3/h of flue gas !  Absorber section: packed bed (Sulzer Mellapak 2X), totally 3.5 m

high with 4 packed beds each of 0.5 m !  Diameter of 4.5 cm !  Stripper section same dimension/packing as absorber !  Total liquid inventory of the system is about 20 L !  Measurement of process parameters such as temperatures, flows,

liquid level, pH lean and rich, CO2 concentration

Miniplant testing

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!  Parametric testing for two weeks to find optimum performance

Parameter Range CO2 Capture rate (%)

Stripper pressure change 0.9-1.0 bar at 120 °C 90-94

Lower stripper temperature

110-115°C 81-95

Higher stripper temperature

130°C at 1.7 bar 93

Maximum rich loading Recirculation of solvent and no stripping -

!  Based on results solvent considered suitable for demonstration scale !  Performed much better than the benchmark aMDEA

Commercial Demonstration – European Biogas Partner

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!  Source of biogas: Agricultural waste

!  Capacity: 6000 m3/day / Ongoing operation since July, 2014

!  Commercial validation of ‘MethPure’ solvent successfully with match customer requirement

!  Detailed solvent characterization obtained: results are as expected, leading to a database useable for further scaling up

Conclusion

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!  Solvent has higher capacity compared to benchmark aMDEA

!  Solvent has better thermal stability compared to benchmark aMDEA

!  Important aspects as well are viscosity, kinetics and energy efficiency

! Miniplant tests showed good continuous performance, gave insight in optimal process conditions, and showed stable operation

!  Commercial validation proven successful and on-going

!  Multi-dimensional approach by means of expertise in solvent and process development and lab scale to pilot plant testing and detailed benchmarking against aMDEA

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Thank you for your time and attention Questions?

!  Marco Linders

! [email protected]

!  Phone +31 88 866 1324

!  Mobile +31 6 225 450 18

! Prateek Bumb

! [email protected]

!  Mobile +44 774743 4099/+91-9167555141

http://www.hak.nl/index.php?nav=actueel&subnav=nieuwsarchief&id=62


Back-up slides

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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Mixture 1 Mixture 2 Mixture 3 Mixture 4

Mixture 1 @ 24.53 kPa Mixture 2 @ 27.5 kPa Mixture 3 @ 25.07 kPa Mixture 4 @ 17.18 kPa

Rat

e of

reac

tion

X 10

5 (k

mol

/m2 s

)

Kinetics Testing

Corrosion – SS316L

Rate of corrosion (*mpy) 0.035 (Extraordinary)

* mpy = mils per year

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Solvent development for biogas scrubbers for CO2 removal - Marco Linders

Government & Nonprofit

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