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SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

Hindi 'A'Hindi 'A'

Class 9

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Code: 0112

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P-1M.[k v i fB r– d x | ka ’k o dk O ;ka ’k

vH;kldk;Z&1

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (x) xjhc fdlku vkSj vaR;tA(ii) (x) ns’k dh ijk/khurk dh ihM+k dkA(iii) (x) iRuh o iq=h dh e‘R;q usA(iv) (x) fujkyk dh vej&dfork ^ljkst&Le‘fr*A(v) (d) nwljksa dh O;Fkk ls ihfM+r gksus okyk HkkoA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ri lsA(ii) (x) tks thou dh mRˇ"V lk/kuk djrs gSaA(iii) (d) ‰f"k;ksa rFkk larksa ds la;e ri ds dkj.kA(iv) (x) lR;&vfgalk dks viuk vkHkw"k.k ekudj os lnk d#.kk dk lzksr cgkrs gSaA(v) (x) viuk thou lQy dj ysrk gSA

vH;kldk;Z&2

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) ek¡ vkSj csVs dkA(ii) (d) euq"; }kjk] fodklØe esa izˇfr ij viuh bPNk FkksiukA(iii) (x) euq"; dh ijkt; vkSj vkReguu dh xkFkkA(iv) (x) brA(v) (d) izˇfr vkSj ekuoA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) iwtk dh lkexzh ,oa p<+kos ds :i esa dke vkrs gSaA(ii) ([k) eafnj esaaA(iii) (x) lkalkfjd yksxksa ds gkFkksa&lqxa/k QSykusA(iv) (?k) ,d lw[kh ydM+hA(v) (x) mi;ksxh u jgus ij O;fDr dh mis{kk gksrh gSA

vH;kldk;Z&3

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (?k) O;fDr dk vkRedsfUær gksukA(ii) (?k) cM+s gksdj ek¡&cki ds izfr dÙkZO; dh fpUrkA(iii) ([k) lq[kh j[kus ds fy, Lo;a vHkkoxzLr jgdj d"V >syrs gSaA(iv) (d) }U} leklA(v) (x) mis{kk djus ds lkFk mUgsa iqjkuiaFkh rFkk nfd;kuwlh djkj nsrs gSaA

d vifBr x|ka’k o dkO;ka’k[k.M

P-2 U nh --fg IXv {kkd -- Term 2

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) lTturk panu ds leku ’khry gksrh gSA(ii) (?k) g¡lh eu dh efyurk dks nwj dj lkjs eu dks ifo= cuk nsrh gSA(iii) ([k) ckrksa dh ckrA(iv) (x) ckrsa gh jkr&fnu ?kqVu vkSj f?ku tSls euksfodkjksa dks tUe ns nsrh gSaA(v) (x) e/kqj d.kZfiz; rFkk fgrdj gksrh gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&4

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) lhfer ifjos’k ,oa ?ksjs esa thdj lq[kh jgrk gSA(ii) (x) lq[k ,oa nq%[k dsA(iii) (?k) vklkuh ls izkfIr dh /kqu NksM+dj Je vkSj la?k"kZ dk ekxZ viuk,A(iv) (x) vuar vkSj dHkh u feVus okyh phtA(v) (d) mPp dksfV dh Js"B dkeuk,¡ djukA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ldkjkRed vkSj vk’kkoknh gksus dkA(ii) ([k) lalkj dh u’ojrk dkA(iii) (x) lHkh dks leku ekudj vius xq.k&nks"kksa dk ewY;kadu djuk pkfg,A(iv) (x) vuqizklA(v) (?k) lkou esa ckny f?kj vkrs gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&5

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) vU; yksxksa ds ifjJe ds lgkjs thfor cus jgukA(ii) (?k) bZ";kZ] csbZekuh] yksHk vkfn ls cpkdj og vkfRed larks"k Hkh iznku djrk gSA(iii) ([k) fudEek gh ugha] vfirq ykyph Hkh gks tkrk gSA(iv) (x) }U} leklA(v) (?k) Je ds vko’;d fu;eksa dk vHkko ;k u fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkukA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) olar ‰rqA(ii) (d) izˇfr lsA(iii) (x) dys ds fy, jksVh vkSj NkN dh eVdhA(iv) (x) lksus ds tsoj vkSj phtsaA(v) (?k) ’kke dks i’kqvksa ds pjdj ?kj vkus dk le;A

vH;kldk;Z&6

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ukjh dk lkFkh ekurs gSaA(ii) (x) ukjh dh xkSjoe;h xkFkkvksa lsA(iii) (d) lekt ,oa ?kj ds cM+s ls cM+s /kkfeZd vuq"BkuA


(iv) (d) /ku] f’k{kk] LokLF; ls oafpr jgdj thou esa firk] ifr ,oa iq= ds v/khu jgrh gSA(v) (d) brA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) lkjs lalkj dks izdk’k ,oa Kku iznku djukA(ii) (?k) lnk nwljksa dk fgr djrk gksA(iii) ([k) d"V vkSj nq%[kA(iv) ([k) [kV~Vk Hkkstu fd;kA(v) (x) fgeky;A

vH;kldk;Z&7

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (?k) ufn;ksa ds fdukjs tUeh rFkk iYyfor&iqf"ir gqbZ gSaA(ii) (?k) rRdky rSjdj unh ikj dj ysuk] LoLFk&LiwGrZ gksuk rFkk ty dh ’khryrk dk vkuan ysukA(iii) ([k) ty gh thou gS] ekuo ’kjhj esa 80% ty gh gSA(iv) (d) O;k;ke] [ksy rFkk euksjatu dk lk/ku gSA(v) ([k) ,d gh oLrq ls nks ykHk (nksgjk ykHk)A

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ns’k ds fy, izk.k viZ.k djus okys ohjksa dksA(ii) ([k) ns’k ds fy, R;kx djus okys ohjksa dhA(iii) (?k) leiZ.k Hkko ls ns’k ds nq’euksa ij Tokykeq[kh cudj VwV jgs gSaA(iv) (?k) ns’k ds fy, ejdj Hkh vej gks tkukA(v) (x) vuqizklA

vH;kldk;Z&8

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (x) izkˇfrd larqyu fcxkM+us dh fn’kkA(ii) (?k) izkˇfrd larqyu ds fcxM+us esa deh vkuk O;ogkfjd ugha jgkA(iii) ([k) gekjk nSfud fo"k :ih [kkuikuA(iv) (?k) mÙkjk[k.M ds jkT;] rjkbZ] mÙkj izns’k rFkk fgekpy izns’k vkfnA(v) (x) rRiq#"k leklA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (?k) lkxj esa gh curh vkSj ØhM+k djrh gSaA(ii) ([k) lqcg&lqcg gok ds Li’kZ ls papy gks mBrh gSaA(iii) ([k) Øe ls vkrh vuar ygjksa ds >kx Qwyekyk tSls yxrs gSaA(iv) (x) bUæ/kuq"kA(v) (?k) vuqizkl vyadkjA


vH;kldk;Z&9

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) mldh Hkk"kk lsA(ii) (x) mlds laLdkj dSls gSa \(iii) (?k) cksyuk] i<+uk vkSj fy[kukA(iv) ([k) Hkk"kk;h dkS’kyksa ds vfrfjDr euq"; mlesa lksprk vkSj eglwl Hkh djrk gSA(v) (d) mlesa nnZ vkSj eqLdku gksA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ns’k ds lSfudksa ds otz ljh[ks lhuksa lsA(ii) (?k) tgjA(iii) ([k) /kjrh dk foHkktuA(iv) ([k) xgjkbZA(v) (d) vuqizklA

vH;kldk;Z&10

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) ekyk] ti] xaxk Luku] lw;Z dks ty nsukA(ii) (d) ¯¡p&uhp] lnhZ&xehZ] vehjh&xjhch >syukA(iii) (x) vkVs dh nks cM+h jksfV;k¡A(iv) (?k) lkalkfjd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk dj ysus ij gh vk/;kfRed ppkZvksa ds egÙo dks le>k tk ldrk gSA(v) (d) }U} leklA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) iq= vkSj tuuh dkA(ii) ([k) Hkkjrokfl;ksa dh feyh&tqyh laLˇfr gSA(iii) (x) feydj g¡lrs&xkrs rFkk la?k"kZ djrs gSaA(iv) (x) /kjrh olq dks /kkj.k djrh gSA(v) (x) vuqizklA

vH;kldk;Z&11

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (d) euq"; dk thou loZJs"B gSA(ii) (d) le; fdlh dh izrh{kk ugha djrkA(iii) (x) O;FkZ dh ckrksa rFkk euksjatu ds uke ijA(iv) (?k) mls usYlu ls ijkftr gksuk iM+kA(v) (d) le; dk ikyuA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) dye dhA(ii) (x) vkx yxkus okys fopkjksa dks iSnk djrh gqbZ dyeA(iii) (?k) tks’k rFkk mRlkg iSnk djus okys fopkjA(iv) (?k) gj ekuo esa tks’k vkSj dqN dj xqtjus dh reUuk gksA(v) ([k) fo"kA


vH;kldk;Z&121. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) jklk;fud izfØ;kA(ii) ([k) vf/kd vkSj xyrA(iii) (x) mPp jDrpkiA(iv) (d) ^foKku* + ^bd*A(v) (x) jklk;fud ;kSfxdksa ds ifj.kkeA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) Lora=rk ij xoZ djus okysA(ii) ([k) vkRe&xkSjo vkSj LokfHkekuA(iii) (?k) ns’kizseh gksrs gSaA(iv) ([k) HkkX; dks pqukSrh nsukA(v) (x) vuqizklA

vH;kldk;Z&13

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) ([k) vius dk;ks– ds fy,A(ii) (x) /kuoku dkA(iii) (d) dsoy [kjhnus ds dke vkrk gSA(iv) ([k) /kkdA(v) (x) e‘R;q dksA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (?k) ,slk u;k dke djsa ftlls uke gksA(ii) ([k) mBks! ubZ lqcg esa dqN ubZ ckr ;k dke dj MkyksA(iii) (d) l‘tu dk nwr rFkk ’kfDr dk Hk.MkjA(iv) (?k) pqukSrh Hkjs ekxZ ij vkxs c<+us lsA(v) (x) nwljksa ds }kjk fn[kk, x, jkLrs dks NksM+dj viuk jkLrk pquukA

vH;kldk;Z&14

1. vifBr x|ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (x) O;kogkfjd v/;;uA(ii) ([k) 1,000A(iii) (d) O;ogkj + bdA(iv) (x) thou esa iz;ksx djds ij[kuk pkfg,A(v) (x) iqLrdksa ds v/;;u lsA

2. vifBr dkO;ka’k— 1 × 5 = 5

(i) (x) nq%[k ds ckn lq[k t:j vkrk gSA(ii) (d) vkdk’k esa mHkjh ,d jaxhu Vs<+h&es<+h vkˇfr dksA(iii) ([k) bUæ dk /kuq"k—rRiq#"kA(iv) ([k) cknyksa ds Nk tkus ds leku nq%[kksa dk vk tkukA(v) (?k) o"kkZ gksus ls /kjrh Nfoeku gks mBh gSA


vH;kldk;Z&15

1. mÙkj—(i) ijksidkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) izkd~A

(iii) fodkl + brA

(iv) vdqykgVA

2. mÙkj—(i) vkS + xquA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) lgikBhA

(iii) xkuk + ,s;kA

(iv) pqukoA

3. mÙkj—(i) lr~ + tuA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) lQy] ljlA

(iii) rSj + vkdA

(iv) n;kyq] ˇikyqA

4. mÙkj—(i) ifj + JeA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) dqlaxfr] dqiq=A

(iii) ^ykpkj + bZ*A(iv) uSfrd] ekSf[kdA

5. mÙkj—(i) yk + byktA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) laokn] laiw.kZA(iii) ehBk + vklA(iv) uedhu] ’kkSdhuA

6. mÙkj—(i) nqj~ + fnuA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) migkj] miekuA(iii) yksd + bdA(iv) efj;y] nf<+;yA

vH;kldk;Z&16

1. mÙkj—(i) izlUu] izo‘ÙkA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) ^ifj* + ^Je*A(iii) ^ywV* + ^,jk*A(iv) nsojkuh] lsBkuhA

2. mÙkj—(i) vuqfpr] vuqieA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) nql~ + deZA(iii) Hkwy + vDdM+A(iv) uedhu] ’kkSdhuA

la

d

fy

r

&

i

jh

{kk

[k O;kdj.k (milxZ o izR;;)[k.M

P-7M.[k O ;k d j– [k .k

3. mÙkj—(i) izpkj] izxfrA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) mr~ + d"kZA(iii) >xM+k + vkywA(iv) pedhyk] lqjhykA

4. mÙkj—(i) vfHkizk;] vfHkj{kkA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) nqj~ + ?kVukA(iii) iguuk + vkokA(iv) fpdukgV] dM+okgVA

5. mÙkj—(i) fu"diV] fuLlansgA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) le~ + dYiA(iii) i<+ + vkbZA(iv) tknwxj] ckthxjA

6. mÙkj—(i) ^vkthou*] ^vkckyo‘…*A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fuj~ + yksHkA(iii) nqfu;k + nkjhA(iv) iatkch] xqtjkrhA

vH;kldk;Z&17

1. mÙkj—(i) vuq’kklu] vuqdj.kA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) izfr + ,dA(iii) pedhyk] lqjhykA(iv) ^ifjp;* + ^br*A

2. mÙkj—(i) nqcZy] nqxqZ.kA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fuj~ + fodkjA(iii) HkykbZ] i<+kbZA(iv) Hkwy + vDdM+A

3. mÙkj—(i) vuesy] vui<+A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) lq + vkxrA(iii) uedhu] ’kkSdhuA(iv) lt~ + vkoVA

4. mÙkj—(i) miu;u] migkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) cspSu] lg;ksxA(iii) Fkd~ + vkoVA(iv) Nfy;k] nqf[k;kA

5. mÙkj—(i) vuqjkx] vuqdj.kA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) ^vk* + ej.kA(iii) ^cgqr* + ^vk;r*A(iv) cpiu] NqViuA

6. mÙkj—(i) lr~ + vkpkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) vf/kdkj] vf/kifrA(iii) ^Bkdqj* + ^vkbZ*A(iv) cqykok] p<+kokA

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7. mÙkj—(i) foey] dqiq=A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) vu~ + bPNkA(iii) vk/kqfud + rkA(iv) fodflr] lEekfurA

lekl

vH;kldk;Z&18

1. mÙkj—(i) gFkdM+h—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) lkr fnuksa dk lewg—f}xq leklA(iii) vPNkbZA(iv) tkfrokpd laKkA

2. mÙkj—(i) rhu osf.k;ksa dk lewg—f}xq leklA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fudVrkA(iii) tkfrokpd laKkA(iv) lR;kxzg—rRiq#"k leklA

3. mÙkj—(i) va/kfo’okl—deZ/kkj; leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) vkuan esa eXu—rRiq#"k leklA4. mÙkj—(i) iqLrd dk vky; (?kj)—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) ;Fkk ’kfDr—vO;;hHkko leklA5. mÙkj—(i) gFkdM+h—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) lkr fnuksa dk lewg—f}xq leklA6. mÙkj—(i) lR;kxzg—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) rhu osf.k;ksa dk lewg—f}xq leklA7. mÙkj—(i) yack gS mnj ftldk vFkkZr~ x.ks’k th—cgqczhfg leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) xq# ds fy, nf{k.kk—rRiq#"k leklA8. mÙkj—(i) ?kksM+s ij lokj—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) ej.k rd—vO;;hHkko leklA9. mÙkj—(i) le; ds vuqlkj—vO;;hHkko leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) iki vkSj iq.;—}U} leklA10. mÙkj—(i) dey tSls u;u—deZ/kkj; leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) gkfu vkSj ykHk—}U} leklA

vH;kldk;Z&19

1. mÙkj—(i) uhys jax dk vkdk’k—deZ/kkj; leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) rhu jaxksa dk lewg—f}xq leklA2. mÙkj—(i) ’kj.k + vkxr—rRiq#"k leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) rhu Qyksa dk lekgkj—f}xq leklA3. mÙkj—(i) xkS (xk;ksa) dk ikyu djus (pjkus) okyk (Hkxoku ˇ".k)—cgqczhfg leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) gkfu vkSj ykHk—}U} leklA

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P-9M.[k O ;k d j– [k .k

4. mÙkj—(i) ’kfDr ds vuqlkj—vO;;hHkko leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) ns’k vkSj fons’k—}U} leklA5. mÙkj—(i) dey tSls u;u—deZ/kkj; leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) ns’k ds fy, Hkfä—rRiq#"k leklA6. mÙkj—(i) pUæek ds leku eq[k okyh (L=h)—deZ/kkj; leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) tUe Hkj ;k tUe rd—vO;;hHkko leklA7. mÙkj—(i) n’k gSa vkuu ftlds (jko.k)—cgqczhfg leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) thou Hkj ds fy,—vO;;hHkko leklA8. mÙkj—(i) jktk vkSj iztk—}U} leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) le; ds vuqlkj—vO;;hHkko leklA9. mÙkj—(i) isV Hkjdj—vO;;hHkko leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) fxfj dks /kkj.k djus okyk (ˇ".k)—cgqczhfg leklA10. mÙkj—(i) rhu ykspu gSa ftlds (f’ko)—cgqczhfg leklA 1 × 2 = 2

(ii) fo|k dk vky;—rRiq#"k leklA

vFkZdhn‘f"VlsokD;Hksn

vH;kldk;Z&20

1. mÙkj—(i) vkKkokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fu"ks/kkRed okD;A(iii) iz’uokpd okD;A(iv) iz’uokpd okD;A

2. mÙkj—(i) lansgkRed@lansgokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fo/kkuokpd okD;A(iii) fo/kkuokpd okD;A(iv) fu"ks/kkRed@udkjkRed okD;A

3. mÙkj—(i) fo/kkuokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) bPNkokpd okD;A(iii) ladsrokpd okD;A(iv) vkKkokpd okD;A

4. mÙkj—(i) eSa fnYyh ugha tk ¡xkA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) rqEgsa jkst lSj ij tkuk gksxkA(iii) bZ’oj rqEgsa lQy djsA(iv) ;fn o"kkZ #drh rks rqe vo’; vkrsA

5. mÙkj—(i) D;k brus iz’u dkQh gSa\ 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) eSaus mlls og iqLrd ugha yhA(iii) vksg! og lalkj ls pyk x;kA(iv) dk’k eSa mM+ ldrkA

6. mÙkj—(i) bPNkokpd@bPNkFkZd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) iz’uokpd@iz’ukFkZd okD;A(iii) foLe;kfncks/kd okD;A(iv) laosGrokpd okD;A

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vH;kldk;Z&21

1. mÙkj—(i) lansgokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) vkKkokpd@vkKkFkZd okD;A(iii) fu"ks/kkFkZd okD;A(iv) laosGrokpd okD;A

2. mÙkj—(i) lansgokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) foLe;kfncks/kd okD;A(iii) bPNkokpd okD;A(iv) ladsrokpd okD;A

3. mÙkj—(i) bPNkokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) fu"ks/kkRed okD;A(iii) fo/kkuokpd okD;A(iv) vkKkokpd okD;A

4. mÙkj—(i) vkKkokpd okD;A 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) foLe;kfncks/kd okD;A(iii) fo/kkuokpd okD;A(iv) vkKkokpd okD;A

5. mÙkj—(i) cgqr lqanj lkM+h gSA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) eq>s fnYyh ugha tkuk gSA(iii) rqEgsa vo’; i<+uk gksxkA(iv) mls cktkj D;ksa tkuk gS \

6. mÙkj—(i) ’kk;n] vkt o"kkZ gksxhA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) dk’k] dy firkth vk tk,¡A(iii) okg! ekSle lqgkouk gSA(iv) ;fn o"kkZ gqbZ rks Qly vPNh gksxhA

vyadkj

vH;kldk;Z&22

1. mÙkj—(i) vuqizkl vyadkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) :id vyadkjA(iii) mRizs{kk vyadkjA(iv) ihij ikr lfjl eu MksykA

2. mÙkj—(i) ’ys"k vyadkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) miek vyadkjA(iii) ;ed vyadkjA(iv) es?k vk;s cM+s cu&Bu ds l¡oj dsA

3. mÙkj—(i) mRizs{kk vyadkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) ’ys"k vyadkjA(iii) vfr’k;ksfDr vyadkjA(iv) rjfu&ruwtk rV reky r#oj cgq Nk;sA

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P-11M.[k O ;k d j– [k .k

4. mÙkj—(i) miek vyadkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) ’ys"k vyadkjA(iii) ;ed vyadkjA(iv) djr izcsl feVs nq%[k&nkokA tuq tksxh ijekjFkq ikokß


(ii) ’ys"k vyadkjA(iii) vuqizkl vyadkjA(iv) jfgeu tks xfr nhi dh] dqy diwr xfr lks;A

ckjs mft;kjks djS] c<+s v¡/ksjks gks;ß6. mÙkj—(i) vuqizkl vyadkjA 1 × 4 = 4

(ii) ekuohdj.k vyadkjA(iii) ekuohdj.k vyadkjA(iv) rhu csj [kkrh Fkha os] rhu csj [kkrh gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&23


(ii) :id vyadkj(iii) ’ys"k vyadkjA(iv) :id vyadkjA


(ii) miek vyadkjA(iii) vuqizkl vyadkjA(iv) mRizs{kk vyadkjA


(ii) ;ed vyadkjA(iii) vuqizkl vyadkjA(iv) ’ys"k vyadkjA


(ii) miek vyadkjA(iii) :id vyadkjA(iv) miek vyadkjA


(ii) vU;ksfDr vyadkjA(iii) miek vyadkjA(iv) vuqizkl vyadkjA


(ii) ;ed vyadkjA(iii) ’ys"k vyadkjA(iv) :id vyadkjA

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jpukReddk;Z

vH;kldk;Z&24

iznÙk dk;Z&1 (5 vad)

izek.k] ijkt;] ifjØek] izfriy] vNwr] vkthou] vidkj] voxq.k] vuqpj] vR;ar] vf/kdj.k] vfHkeku]

mRlkg] mipkj] nqxZfr] nqLlkgl] fuokl] funksZ"k] fuLrst] fojks/k] lqiq=] lEeku] vugksuh] v/kejk] vkSxq.k]

mulB] dqpky] HkjisV] nqxquk] devDy] csbZeku] ykijokg] [kq’kcw] ukeatwj] gejkt] ljnkj] xSjdkuwuhA


ˇikyq] lqukj] yM+kdw] feBkl] prqjrk] nsunkjh] pkSM+kbZ] y?kqRo] dkfyek] loZnk] ikBd] urZd] ekSf[kd] lisjk]

fi;DdM+] yqVsjk] vks<+uh] fcNkSuk] eksVkik] xkM+hoku] Nfy;k] lPpkbZ] dkspoku] pk;okyk] vfM+;yA

(fo|kFkhZ viuh bPNkuqlkj o v/;kid dh lgk;rk ls Lo;a Hkh djus dk iz;kl djsaA)


fo|kFkhZ v/;kid@v/;kfidkvksa dh lgk;rk ls Lo;a djsaA

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P-13M.[k ik B~ ;– x iq L r d o iw j d ik B~ ; iq L r d

vH;kldk;Z&25

x|ka’kksa ij vk/kkfjr iz’uksa ds mÙkj— 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

1. (d) eSuk dh vafre bPNk th Hkjdj jksus dh FkhA

([k) tujy vkmVje us mldh (eSuk dh) vafre bPNk Hkh iwjh u gksus nhA

(x) eSuk dks dkuiqj ds fdys esa ykdj dSn dj fn;k x;kA

2. (d) vaxzstksa dh idM+ esa vkus ls cpus dh tYnh esaA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) egy ds VwVus ls LrC/k ,oa nq%[kh ckfydk lSfudksa ds iz’uksa ds mÙkj ugha ns ik jgh FkhA

(x) lu~ 1957 ds flrEcj ekl dh v…Zjkf= dk le; FkkA

y?kq mÙkjh; iz’uksa ds mÙkj 2 × 4 = 8

mÙkj—êsjh* dh l[kh gksus ds dkj.k@lân; O;fDrA igys mUgsa og ukuk lkgc ds fuokl LFkku ij feyh Fkhtc os viuh iq=h ds lkFk vkrs FksA

mÙkj—bl izdkj ds ys[ku dh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh gksxhA ckfydk eSuk ds cfynku dh dgkuh ;qok ih<+h dsfy, izsj.kkLin] bl izdkj ds ys[ku ls vaxzstksa dk vR;kpkj vkSj Øwjrk vke turk ds le{k mtkxj gqvkgksxkA uo;qod ,oa ;qofr;k¡ Lora=rk vkanksyu esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, izsfjr gksaxsA

mÙkj—ckfydk eSuk us lsukifr ^gs* dks fuEufyf[kr rdZ nsdj egy dh j{kk djus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k—

(i) bl tM+&inkFkZ egy us dksbZ vijk/k ugha fd;k gS] vr% bldk fo/oal u djksA

(ii) ftUgksaus vkids fo#… ’kL= mBk, gSa] os nks"kh gSa] mUgsa ltk nhft,A

(iii) ;g edku eq>s cgqr fiz; gSA

(iv) eSa vkidh iq=h êsjh* dh lgsyh gw¡A mlds lkFk vki Hkh ;gk¡ dbZ ckj vk, gSaA

mÙkj—eSuk tM+&inkFkZ edku dks cpkuk pkgrh Fkh D;ksafd ;g edku mls cgqr fiz; FkkA ;gha ij og iyh&c<+hFkhA vaxzst mls blfy, u"V djuk pkgrs Fks D;ksafd ;g edku ukuk lkgc dk FkkA os foæksfg;ksa ds usrkFksA ljdkj dks mu ij cgqr Øks/k FkkA vr% blfy, os mldks fo/oal djuk pkgrs FksA

vH;kldk;Z&26


1. (d) vaxzstksa ds ny us 1857 ds foæksg dh ltk nsus ds fy, dkuiqj esa gR;kdkaM fd;kA

([k) tc egy dks ywVk tk jgk Fkk ml le; ckfydk êgy ds xqIr LFkku* ij FkhA

(x) ml le; mifLFkr vaxzst lsukifr dk uke ^lj Vkel gs* FkkA

2. (d) eSuk vaxzsth lSfud cy dks ns[kdj u rks Mjh vkSj og fdlh dh vksj ns[k jgh FkhA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) iRFkj fny vkmVje us eSuk dks egy ds [k.Mgjksa ij dqN le; rd th Hkjdj jksus dh bPNk dks iwjk ughafd;kA

(x) vaxzst ljdkj dh vkKk dk ikyu vkmVje us eSuk dks fxj¶rkj djds rFkk egy dks feV~Vh esa feykdjfd;kA

x ukuk lkgc dh iq=h nsoh eSuk dks HkLe djfn;k x;k

[k.M



mÙkj—igys rks lj Vkel ^gs* ukuk ds egy dks rksM+uk pkgrs Fks] ij ckn esa ukuk dh iq=h eSuk ij n;k Hkkofn[kkus yxs] bldk dkj.k Fkk fd eSuk mudh e‘r iq=h ^esjh* dh lgsyh FkhA esjh ml edku esavkrh&tkrh jgrh FkhA [kqn ^gs* Hkh ogk¡ cjkcj vkrs FksA os eSuk dks viuh iq=h ds leku I;kj djrs FksAeSuk ds ikl vHkh rd esjh ds gkFk ls fy[kh fpV~Bh lqjf{kr FkhA bu lc ckrksa ls tujy ^gs* Hkkoqd gksmBs gksaxs vkSj mUgksaus eSuk ij n;k Hkko fn[kkus dk fu’p; fd;k gksxkA

mÙkj—eSuk dk bl egy ds lkFk cgqr yxko FkkA mls mlds lkeus gh u"V dj fn;k FkkA og ml [kaMgj ds<sj ij cSBdj jks ysuk pkgrh Fkh vkSj mlus blds fy, btktr Hkh ek¡xh] ysfdu ik"kk.k ân; tujyvkmVje us mldh ;g vfUre bPNk iwjh ugha gksus nhA tujy dks Hk; Fkk fd mldh tjk&lh <hy lsvaxzst ljdkj ukjkt gks ldrh gSA fczfV’k ikfyZ;kes.V bl ij utj j[ks gq, FkhA os ukuk lkgc dh fdlhHkh ckr ds ekeys esa tjk&lh pwd dks xEHkhjrk ls ysrs gSaA tujy vkmVje dks bldh ltk Hkqxruh iM+ldrh FkhA

mÙkj—eSuk ds pfj= dh fo’ks"krk,¡—(1) Hkkoqd LoHkko—eSuk cgqr lqUnj FkhA mldk LoHkko vkd"kZd Fkk] Hkkoqd FkkA og vius tUe LFkku dks

fdlh rjg cpkuk pkgrh FkhA(2) rdZ’khy—vius egy dh j{kk ds fy, mlus lsukifr ^gs* ls dgk fd bl tM+ inkFkZ edku us dksbZ vijkŁk

ugha fd;k gS] ftls vki rksM+uk pkgrs gSaA(3) lkglh—eSuk lkglh Fkh] vaxzstksa ds vR;kpkjksa ls lkjk ns’k djkg jgk Fkk] og Mjh ugha tc lsuk ukuk ds

egy dks u"V djus vkbZ Fkh] mlus MVdj eqdkcyk fd;kAmÙkj—1857 ds Lora=rk laxzke ls lEcfU/kr cfynku dFkkA bl laxzke esa vlQy gksus ij ukuk lkgc egy

NksM+dj Hkkxs rks og viuh csVh eSuk dks ys tkuk Hkwy x;sA mlh ds lkFk vaxzstksa ds Øwj O;ogkj ,oagR;kdkaM dk o.kZu gSA

/kwy

vH;kldk;Z&27


1. (d) vaxzst ukuk lkgc dks idM+uk pkgrs Fks] D;ksafd os ekurs Fks fd ukuk lkgc us vaxzst uj&ukfj;ksa dk lagkjdjok;k FkkA

([k) ukuk lkgc dks nqnk–r dgk x;k gS] D;ksafd mUgksaus 1857 ds Lora=rk&laxzke esa vaxzstksa ds nk¡r [kV~Vs djfn,A

(x) }U} leklA2. (d) lsukifr us nq%[k ds lkFk eSuk ls dgk fd mUgsa ;g egy /oLr djuk gksxkA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) lsukifr ^gs* bl ckr dks Hkwy x;s fd os eSuk dks iq=h ds leku I;kj djrs FksA(x) lsukifr dh csVh dh l[kh ^ukuk lkgc dh iq=h* eSuk FkhA


mÙkj—dkuiqj ds fdys esa ukuk lkgc dh bdykSrh iq=h eSuk dks /k/kdrh gqbZ vkx esa Mkydj ekj Mkyk x;krFkk mlh vkx esa og fd’kksjh ckfydk HkLe gks xbZA

mÙkj—eSuk Økafrdkjh /kqa/kwiar ukuk lkgc dh bdykSrh iq=h FkhA lu~ 1857 esa dkuiqj esa foæksg vlQy gksus ijtYnckth esa ukuk lkgc viuh iq=h eSuk dks lkFk ugha ys tk lds FksA


mÙkj—vkmVje vaxzsth lsuk dk tujy FkkA og Øwj vkSj funZ;h FkkA eSuk dks egy ds [kaMgjksa ij jksrs ns[kdjHkh mls n;k ugha vkbZA mls gFkdM+h igukdj fdys esa dSn dj fn;kA mlus eSuk dh vkf[kjh bPNk Hkhiwjh ugha dh FkhA mls HkLe dj fn;kA

mÙkj—ukuk lkgc dks idM+ u ldus ij vaxzstksa us fcBwj esa ukuk lkgc dk egy ywV fy;k] rksi ds xksyksa lsmudk egy mM+k fn;k rFkk ukuk dh iq=h eSuk dks vfXu esa HkLe dj fn;kA

izsepUn osG QVs twrs

vH;kldk;Z&28


1. (d) x|ka’k esa ftl ^V“stsMh* dh ckr dh xbZ gS og ;g gS fd izsepUn tSls egku~ lkfgR;dkj ds ikl vPNs twrsugha FksA

([k) ikB dk uke—izsepUn ds QVs twrsAys[kd dk uke—gfj’kadj ijlkbZA

(x) x|ka’k esa ^rqe* ’kCn ls izsepUn dks lEcksf/kr fd;k x;k gSA2. (d) izsepUn ds QVs twrksa dks ns[kdj ys[kd us muds jkLrs esa [kM+s Vhys ls Vdjkus dk vuqeku yxk;kA

2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) izsepUn dk LokfHkekuh ,oa lq/kkjoknh gksuk muds }kjk le>kSrk u djus dk dkj.k FkkA(x) unh izk;% igkM+ ds vkrs gh viuk ekxZ cnydj fcuk la?k"kZ ds cgrh gSA


mÙkj—izsepUn ftl O;fDr ;k oLrq dks xUnk ;k xyr le>rs mldh vksj iSj dh v¡xqyh ls b’kkjk djrsAizsepUn dk vk’k; gS fd :f<+oknh gkFkksa ds ugha] ykrksa ds Hkwr gksrs gSaA

mÙkj—muds lk/kkj.k twrksa ls muds vkMEcjghu gksus dk] cqjkb;ksa dks NksM+us okys] lcds izfr lekurk dk Hkkoj[kus okys] vkSj fn[kkos ls nwj jgus okys] lknxh ls iw.kZ O;fDrRo dk ifjp; feyrk gSA

mÙkj—izsepUn lekt esa izpfyr lkekftd] /kkfeZd] vkfFkZd vkSj tkrh; dqizFkkvksa ds ?kksj fojks/kh FksA mUgksausvius ys[ku ds ek/;e ls lnSo bu ij izgkj fd;k gSA

mÙkj—ikB esa ^Vhys* ’kCn dk iz;ksx ys[kd us lkekftd jhfr&fjoktksa] ijEijkvksa dh rjQ b’kkjk djus ds fy,fd;k gSA lekt esa fdlkuksa dk ’kks"k.k] xjhcksa dk ’kks"k.k] mPp oxZ dk vgadkj] rkdr lekt esa Vhys dsleku gSA izsepUn mudks fodkl dh jkg ls gVk nsuk pkgrs gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&29


1. (d) izsepUn th ,d lkns ljy vkSj vkMEcjghu O;fDr Fks] ys[kd us ;gh dkj.k le>kA

([k) yksx QksVks f[kapkus ds fy, twrs ek¡xrs gSa] rkfd mudh lgh fLFkfr fNi ldsA

(x) ßb= yxkdj QksVks f[kapkrs gSaÞ dk vk’k; gS—>wBk vkMEcj vkSj fn[kkok djukA

2. (d) ys[kd izsepUn dh ftu&ftu ckrksa dks le>us dk nkok djrs gSa os gSa—vaxqyh dk b’kkjk] O;aX; eqLdkuvkSj QVs twrs dk jgL;A 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) ys[kd ds vuqeku ls izsepUn us dkykarj ls izpfyr lekt dh dqizFkk rFkk dqjhfr;ksa ij pksV dh FkhA

(x) izsepUn fn[kkok ilan yksxksa ij g¡l jgs gSaA



mÙkj—vktdy inkZ j[kuk vFkkZr~ fNiko j[kuk vko’;d gks x;k gSA ge tSls lk/kkj.k yksx rks bl ij tku nsjgs gSaA izsepUn dqN ugha fNikrsA os tSls gSa oSls gh fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ys[kd O;aX; djrk gS fd vc tekukcny x;k gSA vc insZ dk tekuk gSA

mÙkj—izsepUn tSls egku~ lkfgR;dkj ftls miU;kl&lezkV] ;qx&izorZd] egku~ dFkkdkj vkSj u tkus D;k&D;kdgk x;k] muds ikl iguus ds fy, ,d lgh twrk Hkh u FkkA mudh ;g fLFkfr vkSj xjhch dh fcMEcukpqHkhA

mÙkj—lnk ls gh twrs dh dher T;knk jgh gSA ’kfDr’kkyh O;fDr lnk Js"B ekus tkrs gSa] os yksxksa dseku&lEeku dks iSjksa ls dqpy nsrs gSaA Vksih lEeku dh izrhd gS vkSj twrk vf/kdkj ;k lkeF;Z dkA O;aX;;g gS fd vkt ’kfDr’kkyh O;fDr ds pj.kksa esa vusd yksx >qdrs gSa vkSj viuk LokfHkeku Hkwydj nwljksads twrksa ij dqckZu gksus dks rS;kj jgrs gSaA

mÙkj—vkt os’kHkw"kk ds izfr lksp esa cM+k ifjorZu vk;k gSA os’kHkw"kk ls O;fDrRo fu[kjrk gh ugha] gekjhi‘"BHkwfe] gekjh #fp vkSj gekjh ekufldrk dk Hkh irk pyrk gSA vktdy yksx viuh os’kHkw"kk ds izfrvfŁkd lrdZ fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ;FkklEHko vPNs vkSj ubZ LVkby ds diM+s iguuk pkgrs gSaA lEiUu yksx rkslnk u, ls u, QS’ku dks lcls igys idM+ ysuk pkgrs gSaA lkekU; yksx Hkh igys dh rjg QVs&iqjkus lsgh xqtkjk djus ij fo’okl ugha j[krs gSA ftruk lEHko gks] os Hkh u;kiu pkgrs gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&30


1. (d) ys[kd ds twrs dk vaxwBs ds uhps rys okyk Hkkx QVk gqvk gSA([k) ^rqe insZ dk egÙo ugha tkurs* dk vfHkizk; gS—lPph deh fNikdj fn[kkok djus dk egÙo u tkuukA(x) ^gkSalys iLr djuk* eqgkojk ^fgEer VwV tkus* ds vFkZ esa iz;qDr gqvk gSA

2. (d) O;aX;&eqLdku ls ys[kd ds gkSlys iLr gksus dk dkj.k ys[kd dk izsepUn ds leku lknk vkSj foæksgh ugksuk FkkA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) x|ka’k esa iz;qDr uke izsepUn dh ˇfr;ksa ds ik= gSaA(x) ;s iafDr;k¡ O;aX;kRed ’kSyh esa fy[kh xbZ gSaA


mÙkj—ys[kd dks QksVks esa izsepUn th fn[kkoVh thou thus okyksa ij g¡lrs fn[k jgs FksA tks vkRecy [kks jgs gSaos vkxs lkfgR; ys[ku dSls dj ldrs gSaA ys[ku dk;Z esa vkxs c<+us ds fy, vkRecy cuk;s j[kukpkfg,] LokfHkeku ls thdj gh vkxs c<+k tk ldrk gSA

mÙkj—xUns ls xUns vkneh dh QksVks Hkh [kq’kcw nsrh gS—bldk vk’k; ;g gS fd QksVks esa xUns&ls&xUns vknehdh Nfo Hkh lqUnj cukdj is’k dh tkrh gSA lkSUn;Z&izlk/kuksa ls xanxh fNikus dk iz;Ru djrs gSaA xUnsvkneh cqjkbZ fNikdj Nfo vPNh cuk;s j[kuk pkgrs gSaA

mÙkj—izsepUn QksVks esa eqLdjkdj ;g O;aX; dj jgs gSa fd mUgksaus rks eqlhcrksa dks Bksdj ekudj twrk gh QkM+fy;k gS ij vaxqyh cpk yh] ik¡o dks lqjf{kr j[kkA dqjhfr;ksa ls yM+s] ladV >sys] xjhch lgh] fdUrqLokfHkeku o vkRecy cuk, j[kkA fn[kkoVh yksx dc rd la?k"kZ dj ik,¡A

mÙkj—ys[kd ds vuqlkj izsepUn us la?k"kZ djds] ck/kkvksa ls Vdjkdj] ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls le>kSrk u djosG viusLokfHkeku dks cuk, j[kk] fdUrq dqN yksx >wBh izfr"Bk cukus ds pDdj esa lPpkbZ dks fNikus ds iz;klesa viuk vkRekfHkeku [kks cSBrs gSaA


esjs cpiu osG fnu

vH;kldk;Z&31


1. (d) egknsoh dks izkIr dVksjk uDdk’khnkj pk¡nh dk FkkA([k) Nk=k,¡ tsc [kpZ ls cpk;k iSlk xk¡/khth dks ns’k ds fy, fn;k djrh FkhaA(x) ysf[kdk dks pk¡nh dk dVksjk dfork lqukus esa izkIr gqvk FkkA

2. (d) ekSyoh lkgc dks ns[kdj pkjikbZ ds uhps tk fNihaA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) mnwZ lh[kuk ysf[kdk ds o’k esa ugha FkkA(x) ysf[kdk ds ckck mUgsa fonq"kh cukuk pkgrs FksA


mÙkj—egknsoh oekZ dks cpiu ls gh fgUnh vkSj laLˇr esa #fp FkhA os iapra= dh dgkfu;k¡ i<+rh FkhaA mudsckck mUgsa mnwZ&Qkjlh i<+kuk pkgrs Fks] fdUrq mudh mlesa #fp ugha Fkh blfy, tc ekSyoh th i<+kus vkrsFks rks os fNi tkrha Fkh] fdUrq cpiu esa gh mUgksaus cztHkk"kk esa fy[kuk vkjEHk dj fn;k FkkA

mÙkj—(i) yM+fd;ksa dks ifjokj esa cks> le>k tkrk FkkA(ii) mUgsa iSnk gksrs gh ekj fn;k tkrk FkkA(iii) mu ij vR;kpkj gksrk FkkA(iv) mUgsa f’k{kk vkfn dk Hkh vf/kdkj ugha FkkA

mÙkj—ysf[kdk egknsoh oekZ ds ckck mnwZ&Qkjlh ds fo’ks"k tkudkj FksA os egknsoh oekZ dks Hkh mnwZ&Qkjlhfl[kkuk pkgrs Fks] ijUrq mudh lh[kus esa dksbZ #fp ugha Fkh D;ksafd mnwZ&Qkjlh fy[kuk cgqr dfBu yxrkFkkA viuh ekrk ls fgUnh lh[kuk vPNk yxkA ckck us ekSyoh lkgc dks mnwZ&Qkjlh fl[kkus ds fy, jkstcqyok;k djrs] ijUrq os pkjikbZ ds uhps fNi tkrh FkhaA vr% os mnwZ&Qkjlh ugha lh[k ikb–A

mÙkj—(i) ysf[kdk dh ek¡ tcyiqj dh fgUnh Hkk"kh efgyk FkhaA mUgksaus gh egknsoh oekZ dks ^iaprU=* i<+ukfl[kk;kA

(ii) os /kkfeZd izo‘fÙk dh Fkha vkSj iwtk&ikB esa fo’okl j[krh FkhaA(iii) os laLˇr Hkh tkurh FkhaA(iv) ysf[kdk dh ek¡ us bZlkbZ Ldwy&dkWystksa esa v/;kiu dk;Z fd;kA mUgksaus vius csVs dk eqlyeku

efgyk }kjk fn;k x;k uke j[kkA(v) mudh ek¡ in fy[kdj xkrh Fkha vkSj ehjk ds in mUgsa fo’ks"k ilUn FksA

vH;kldk;Z&32


1. (d) cpiu dh Le‘fr;ksa esa fofp=&lk vkd"kZ.k gksrk gSA([k) ysf[kdk ds ifjokj esa igys yM+fd;ksa dks tUe ysrs gh ije/kke Hkstus dh izFkk FkhA(x) rRiq#"k leklA

2. (d) egknsoh dks cpiu ls dfork fy[kus vkSj dfo&lEesyu esa dfork,¡ lqukus dk ’kkSd FkkA2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) ^ØkLFkosV* egknsoh th ds xYlZ dkWyst dk uke gSA(x) xk¡/khth ds lR;kxzg vkUnksyu dk lapkyu dsUæ vkuUn Hkou FkkA



mÙkj—vkt Hkh yM+fd;ksa ds tUe ds lEcU/k esa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fo’ks"k lq/kkj ugha vk;k gSA rduhdh fodkl dsdkj.k xHkZ esa gh yM+dh dh igpku dj dqN yksx mls tUe gh ugha ysus nsrsA ifj.kkeLo:i] izfr gtkjyM+dksa ij yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k esa fujUrj deh vk jgh gSA egkuxjksa vkSj dLcksa esa ;g izo‘fÙk vf/kd gSAtUe ds ckn Hkh muls Hksn&Hkko fd;k tkrk gSA yM+dh dks tUe nsus okyh ^ek¡* dks izrkfM+r fd;k tkrkgSA yM+fd;ksa dh i<+kbZ dks fo’ks"k egÙo ugha fn;k tkrk gSA bUgsa lrk;k Hkh tkrk gSA ngst ds dkj.k os;k rks vuC;kgh jg tkrh gSa ;k yksHkh yksx mls ekj Mkyrs gSaA

mÙkj—egknsoh th iqjLdkj esa feys pk¡nh ds uDdk’khnkj lqUnj dVksjs dks xk¡/khth dks fn[kkus ds fy, xbZ FkhaAos xk¡/khth dks viuk dVksjk ns’kfgr esa ugha nsuk pkgrh Fkha] ij ckiw us dVksjk gkFk esa ysdj dgk—^rw nsrhgS bls* bl ij egknsoh th dqN u cksy ldhaA

mÙkj—mu fnuksa Nk=kokl esa lkEiznkf;drk ugha FkhA vo/k ls vkbZ yM+fd;k¡ vo/kh cksyrh Fkha rks cqUnsy[k.Mdh cqUnsyhA lc ,d gh eSl esa [kkrs Fks] ,d gh izkFkZuk djrs FksA dgha dksbZ fookn ugha FkkA

mÙkj—tckjk ds uokc ds lkFk vius ikfjokfjd lEcU/kksa dks ysf[kdk us vkt ds lUnHkZ esa LoIu tSlk blfy,dgk D;ksafd vkt ds le; esa vkReh;rk lekIr gksrh tk jgh gSA vkt ds ;qx esa lEcU/k fn[kkok jg x;sgSaA ml le; /keZ ;k tkfr dk HksnHkko u FkkA uokc lkgc ds ifjokj ds lkFk muds ifjokj dk vf/kdizse FkkA nksuksa gh ifjokj ,d&nwljs dh Hkkoukvksa dk vknj djrs FksA vkt os iqjkuh ckrsa LoIu tSlh ghizrhr gksrh gSaA

vH;kldk;Z&33


1. (d) egknsoh th lqHkækdqekjh pkSgku ls izsfjr gksdj [kM+h cksyh esa dfork,¡ fy[kus yxha FkhaA

([k) ys[ku ds lkFk&lkFk egknsoh th dh ekrk dks ehjkckbZ ds in xkus esa #fp FkhA

(x) rRiq#"k leklA

2. (d) ysf[kdk us Nk=kokl esa lHkh yM+fd;ksa }kjk viuh&viuh Hkk"kk cksyus dks cM+h ckr dgk gSA

2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) fHkUu&fHkUu Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh gksus ij Hkh ijLij Lusg ds dkj.k >xM+k ugha gksrk FkkA

(x) cpiu ds laLdkjksa dks ge lkjk thou lkFk ysdj pyrs gSaA


mÙkj—csxe lkfgck us vius csVs ls dgk fd og egknsoh dh ek¡ dks ^pkphtku* dgsaA jk[kh ds volj ij jk[khc¡ŁkokrhaA jk[kh c¡/kokus ls igys ikuh ihus u nsrha vkSj egknsoh th ls dgrha HkkbZ Hkw[kk cSBk gS jk[khc¡Łkokus ds fy,A bl izdkj csxe lkfgck us fey&tqydj jgus ds laLdkj fn,A

mÙkj—egknsoh oekZ us xk¡/kh th ls iz’kalk ikus ds mís’; ls rFkk viuh og dfork lqukus ds mís’; ls ftl ijdVksjk iqjLdkj esa feyk Fkk] xk¡/kh th dks viuk dVksjk fn[kk;kA xk¡/kh th us dVksjk rks ys fy;k ij dforku lquhA

mÙkj—ysf[kdk ds vuqlkj Nk=kokl esa vo/k dh yM+fd;k¡ vkil esa vo/kh] cqUnsy[k.M dh cqUnsyh cksyrha]lHkh fgUnh i<+rha] ,d gh esl esa [kkuk [kkrha] ,d lkFk izkFkZuk lHkk esa [kM+h gksrha] ;s lc ckrsa ijk/khuHkkjr esa egÙo j[krha FkhaA fgUnw&eqlyeku ds Hksn&Hkko dk fo"k Fkk tks foHkktu ds ckn QSy x;kA


mÙkj—rkbZ lkfgck vkSj ysf[kdk ds ifjokj esa cM+h ?kfu"Brk Fkh] D;ksafd—

(i) ^rkbZ lkfgck* ds cPpksa ds tUefnu rFkk R;kSgkj ysf[kdk ds ?kj vkSj ysf[kdk ds ifjokj ds cPpksads tUefnu rkbZ lkfgck ds ?kj ij euk, tkrsA

(ii) jk[kh ds fnu tc rd ysf[kdk muds iq= dks jk[kh ugha ck¡/krh rc rd mls ikuh ugha ihus nsrhaA(iii) eqgjZe ds fnu muds cPpksa ds lkFk ysf[kdk ds rFkk muds HkkbZ ds gjs jax ds diM+s cursA(iv) ysf[kdk ds HkkbZ ds tUe ij os diM+s ykb– rFkk HkkbZ dk uke Hkh mUgksaus eueksgu j[kk tks

fo’ofo|ky; esa dqyifr jgsA

,d oqGÙk vkSj ,d eSuk

vH;kldk;Z&34


1. (d) lrr~ feyus okyksa dk vkuk&tkuk yxk jgus ds dkj.k ’kkafr&fudsru esa HkhM+&HkkM+ cus jgus dk dkj.kFkkA

([k) xq:nso dk ikyrw dqÙkk x|ka’k esa Lusg jl dk vuqHko djus okyk ik= gSA(x) vLrxkeh lw;Z dk vFkZ gS—Mwcrk gqvk lw;ZA

2. (d) xq:nso ds }kjk dqÙks dh ihB ij gkFk Qsjus ij og vk¡[ks cUn djds Lusg jl dk vuqHko djus yxkA2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) xq:nso Jhfudsru esa vkus ls igys ’kkafr fudsru esa jgrs FksA(x) ifj + r‘fIrA


mÙkj—tkuojksa ds izfr laosnu’khyrk ds dkj.k mUgsa isM+&ikS/kksa] if{k;ksa rFkk tkuojksa ls fo’ks"k Lusg] vkReh;rkrFkk yxko FkkA muds blh O;ogkj ds dkj.k xq#nso ml Hkk"kkghu izk.kh ^dqÙks* dh d#.k xkFkk dks le>ysrs FksA

mÙkj—xq#nso }kjk eSuk dks y{; djds fy[kh dfork ds eeZ dks ys[kd rc le> ik;k tc ys[kd us xq#nsods crkus ij ml y¡xM+h eSuk dks /;kuiwoZd ns[kkA ys[kd tc&tc dfork dks i<+rk rks ml eSuk dhd#.kk&ewfrZ lkeus vk tkrhA ,d fnu eSuk mM+ xbZ] rks mldh dsoy Le‘fr gh jg xbZ] og d#.kk dhewfrZ fQj ugha fn[kkbZ nhA

mÙkj—;g vU; eSukvksa ds lkFk feydj mNy&dwn ;k cd&>d ugha djrhA blds ân; esa dksbZ u dksbZ xk¡BgS] ijUrq u rks bldh vk¡[kksa esa fdlh ds izfr f’kdk;r gS] u Øks/k gS vkSj u oSjkX;A yxrk gS] ;g vHkkxhvius ;wFk ls Hkz"V gksdj le; dkV jgh gSA

mÙkj—ewd izk.kh Hkh laosnu’khy gksrs gSaA os Hkh euq"; ds leku laosnuk dk vuqHko djrs gSaA xq#nso ds ikl ,ddqÙkk Fkk] og xq#nso ds ikl Jh fudsru Lo;a igq¡p x;k vkSj xq#nso ds gkFkksa dk Li’kZ ikdj cgqr lq[kdk vuqHko djrk gS] ijUrq tc xq#nso dh e‘R;q ds ckn mudh fprkHkLe dydÙkk ls vkJe esa ykbZ xbZ]og dqÙkk Hkh HkLedy’k ds lkFk vkJe }kj rd vk;k vkSj dqN nsj pqipki cSBdj vU; O;fDr;ksa dsleku pyk x;kA bl izdkj irk pyrk gS fd dqÙkk euq"; dh rjg laosnu’khy izk.kh gSA


vH;kldk;Z&35


1. (d) dqÙkk vkuafnr gksus ij viuh vk¡[ksa cUn dj ysrk FkkA([k) ^okD;ghu izkf.kyksd* tho&tUrqvksa dh ekSu nqfu;k dks dgk x;k gSA(x) }U} leklA

2. (d) ys[kd vius eu esa fopkj dj jgs Fks fd dqÙkk fdruh vklkuh ls euq"; dks le> ysrk gSA2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) dqÙks dh ewd n‘f"V ys[kd dks euq"; dk lPpk ifjp; nsrh gSA(x) x|ka’k esa ^eSa* ’kCn xq#nso johaæukFk VSxksj ds fy, vk;k gSA


mÙkj—tc ys[kd us xq#nso }kjk ml d#.k eSuk ij fy[kh dfork tks vius lewg ls fcNM+ xbZ vkSj fdl izdkjVk¡x VwV tkus ij Hkh og dhM+ksa dk f’kdkj djds viuk thou&;kiu djrh gS \ dks i<+dj eSuk dhd#.k ewfrZ ys[kd dh n‘f"V esa lkdkj gks xbZA

mÙkj—cxhps esa Vgyrs gq, ,d&,d Qwy vkSj iÙks dks /;ku ls ns[kuk] vkJe esa dkS, u fn[kkbZ nsus dh vksjb’kkjk djuk] Mwcrs gq, lw;Z dks /;ku ls ns[kuk] cxhps esa gj jkst Qqndus okyh eSuk ds psgjs ds d#.kHkko dks le>uk vkfn ls Kkr gksrk gS fd xq#nso dk if{k;ksa vkSj izˇfr ls izxk<+ lEcU/k FkkA

mÙkj—,d HkDr dqÙkk izfrfnu izk;% Lusg&Li’kZ dh izrh{kk esa vklu ds ikl cSBk jgrk gSA esjk Li’kZ ikdjmldk vax&vax vkuafnr gks tkrk gSA dsoy ;gh izk.kh euq";rk dks igpku ldrk gSA fu%LokFkZ izsedjrk gS] iwjs izk.k iz.k ls Lo;a dks lefiZr djrk gSA

mÙkj—(i) xq#nso ’kkafrfudsru NksM+ Jhfudsru esa pys x;sA fdlh us Hkh dqÙks dks jkLrk ugha fn[kk;k] ucrk;kA ,d fnu xq#nso vLrxkeh lw;Z dks fugkj jgs FksA mlh le; dqÙkk /khjs&/khjs ¯ij vk;k] iSjksads ikl vkdj [kM+k gksdj iw¡N fgykus yxkA xq#nso us ihB ij gkFk QsjkA dqÙkk vk¡[k ew¡ndj viusjkse&jkse ls ml Lusg&jl dk vuqHko djus yxkA tc xq#nso dh fprkHkLe dksydkrk ls vkJe esaykbZ xbZ] rks ml le; Hkh u tkus] fdl lgt cksŁk ds cy ij og dqÙkk vkJe ds }kj rd vk;kvkSj fprkHkLe ds lkFk vU;kU; vkJeokfl;ksa ds lkFk mÙkjk;.k rd x;kA

vH;kldk;Z&36


1. (d) Jhfudsru ds frrYys dh ?kVuk ;g Fkh fd vius ekfyd dks <w¡<+rk gqvk dqÙkk Lo;a igq¡p x;k FkkA([k) dqÙkk xq#nso dh fprkHkLe ds dy’k ds ikl FkksM+h nsj pqipki cSBk Hkh jgkA(x) fprkHkLe dks dydÙks ls yk;k x;k FkkA

2. (d) xq#nso us mu dkSvksa dks vkJe ds dkS, dgk gS tks mM+rs&mM+rs vkJe dh gfj;kyh dks ns[k ;w¡ gh ;gk¡ vktkrs FksA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) x|ka’k esa ys[kd }kjk dkSoksa dh lerk vk/kqfud lkfgR;dkjksa ls dh xbZ gSA(x) ys[kd—gtkjhizlkn f}osnh

ikB dk uke—,d oqGÙkk vkSj ,d eSukA


mÙkj—ys[kd dfo dh n‘f"V dks crkrk gSA xq#nso us dqÙks ds fo"k; esa tks fVIi.kh dh gS] og vn~Hkqr gSA oscrkrs gSa fd lalkj ds ewd izkf.k;ksa esa dqÙkk gh ,d ,slk izk.kh gS tks ekuo ds lcls vf/kd utnhd gSA


og viuh nhurk izdV djrk jgrk gS mldh ewd n‘f"V ls d#.k O;kdqyrk >ydrh gSA dfo dheeZHksnh n‘f"V izk.kh dh n‘f"V ds vUnj ml fo’kky lR; vFkkZr~ d#.kk dks ns[k ysrh gS tks og ekuo dsvUnj ugha ns[k ikrkA

mÙkj—ys[kd us vuqeku yxk;k fd ’kk;n og eSuk uj gS vkSj mldh iRuh ej xbZ gS] tks fiNyh Lo;aoj lHkkds ;q… esa vkgr vkSj ijkLr gks x;k Fkk ;k fo/kok iRuh] tks fiNys fcM+ky ds vkØe.k ds le; ifr dks[kksdj ;q… esa bZ"kr~ pksV [kkdj ,dkar fogkj dj jgh gSA

mÙkj—xq#nso ds Jhfudsru esa vkus ij og dqÙkk xq#nso johUæukFk Bkdqj ds ikl [kM+k gksdj iw¡N fgykus yxkAxq#nso us mldh ihB ij gkFk Qsjk vkSj og vk¡[ksa ew¡ndj ml Lusg jl dk vuqHko djus yxkA

mÙkj—^n’kZu* ’kCn dk iz;ksx f}osnh th us bl izdkj dh fgUnh ds iz;ksx ds vuq:i fd;k tks caxyk esa vkeugha FkhA

paæ xguk ls ykSVrh csj

vH;kldk;Z&37

dkO;ka’kksa ij vk/kkfjr iz’uksa ds mÙkj— 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

mÙkj—(d) paæ xguk ,d xk¡o dk uke@dfo ml xk¡o dks ns[kdj ykSVrs gq, ,d [ksr dh esM+ ij cSBdj ;gizkˇfrd n‘’; ns[k jgk FkkA

([k) lts&/kts nwYgs ds :i esa@pus us vius flj ij gjs jax dh ixM+h vkSj xqykch Qwy /kkj.k fd;s gSaAyxrk gS ixM+h ck¡/k yh gksA

(x) vYgM+ ukf;dk dh Hkk¡fr gBiwoZd [kM+h gks xbZ gSA vylh gok ls >qddj iqu% lh/kh [kM+h gkstkrh gS] vr% gBhyh gSA

mÙkj—(d) bu iafDr;ksa ds dfo dsnkjukFk vxzoky gSaA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) gjs pus dk lkSUn;Z vuqie gSA mldk dn ,d fcÙks ds cjkcj gSA mlds flj ij xqykch Qwy gSatks ekuks nwYgs dh ixM+h tSls gSaA

(x) esM+—[ksrksa dks ck¡Vus okyh NksVh lh nhokj_ eqjSBk—ixM+hAy?kq mÙkjh; iz’uksa ds mÙkj 2 × 4 = 8

mÙkj—bu iafDr;ksa esa dfo us uxjh; laLˇfr ds izfr ;g vkØks’k O;Dr fd;k gS fd ogk¡ ’kksj&’kjkck cgqrvfŁkd gSA ogk¡ eu dks ’kkfUr ugha feyrh gS] Hkkx&nkSM+ vf/kd gS tcfd xzkeh.k okrkoj.k esa LoPNUnrk gSA;gk¡ izse dh vf/kdrk gSA yksxksa dh HkhM+ ;gk¡ ugha gSA uxjh; laLˇfr esa O;kikfjd gypysa vf/kd gSaAdfo dk buds izfr vkØks’k gSA

mÙkj—ljlksa dks ^l;kuh* dgdj dfo mlds idus dh ckr dguk pkgrk gSA ihys Qwyksa dh ’kksHkk QSy xbZ gSvkSj ljlksa iddj rS;kj gks xbZ gSA iw.kZ fodkl gks pqdk gS] fookg ;ksX; gks xbZ gSA

mÙkj—dfo us vylh dks ,d lqUnj Lusge;h ukf;dk ds :i esa fpf=r fd;k gSA mldh nsg iryh gSA dejyphyh gSA vr% og cgqr papy gSA mlds flj ij uhys&uhys Qwy mldh papyrk dks vkSj vf/kd c<+kjgs gSaA ;g vylh :ih ukf;dk izse esa ikxy gS vkSj viuk izFke Li’kZ djus okys dks fny nsus dks rRijtku iM+rh gSA

mÙkj—dfo us vylh dks ,d gBhyh uo;qorh dgk gS] D;ksafd og uhys jax ds lqUnj Qwy dks flj ij ltkdjdg jgh gS—tks eq>s Nw ysxk mls eSa vius ân; dks nku dj nw¡xhA og mls gh I;kj djsxh tks mlds fljij j[ks Qwy dks Nw ysxkA blfy, mls gBhyh dgk gSA


vH;kldk;Z&38


mÙkj—(d) ljlksa ds Qwy ihys gSa rFkk ihys djus dk rkRi;Z fookg djus ls gksrk gSA ljlksa dk ikS/kk Qwyf[kyus ij vius iw.kZ ;kSou ij gS] blfy, gkFk ihys djus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA

([k) ljlksa :ih ukf;dk dk] tks Qwyh&Qwyh >we jgh gSA(x) ’kgjksa esa Hkkoukvksa ij O;kikfjd ,oa vkfFkZd fLFkfr;k¡ gkoh gks tkrh gSaA xk¡o esa vHkh Hkh Hkkoukvksa

dh fu’Nyrk ikbZ tkrh gS blhfy, izse dh O;kidrk esa ogk¡ LokFkZ ugha gksrkAmÙkj—(d) bu iafDr;ksa ds dfo dsnkjukFk vxzoky gSaA 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

([k) gjs pus dk lkSUn;Z vuqie gSA mldk dn ,d fcÙks ds cjkcj gSA mlds flj ij xqykch Qwy gStks ekuks nwYgs dh ixM+h tSls gSA

(x) esM+—[ksrksa dks ck¡Vus okyh NksVh lh nhokjAeqjsBk—ixM+hA


mÙkj—dfo us rkykc esa pk¡n dh ijNkb– dh dYiuk pk¡nh ds ,d cM+s xksy [kEHks ls dh gSA rkykc esa pk¡n dhijNkb– pepekrh gS] rks mls ns[kdj vk¡[ksa pepek jgh gSaA pk¡n] pk¡nh ds leku ped jgk gSA rkykc dsfdukjs vusd iRFkj gSa] tks ikuh ihrs gq, ls yx jgs gSaA

mÙkj—gjk puk [ksr esa [kM+k gSA dfork esa gjs pus ds ikS/ks dks fBxuk vFkkZr~ NksVs dn okyk crk;k x;k gSA mldsflj ij xqykch jax dk NksVk&lk Qwy lq’kksfHkr gSA ;g xqykch Qwy gjs pus ds isM+ ij ,sls ’kksHkk ns jgsgSa tSls lkQk c¡/kk gqvk gS vkSj nwYgs dh rjg cu&Bu dj [kM+k gSA

mÙkj—cxqyk eNyh dh ryk’k esa blfy, /;ku yxk, [kM+k gS—tSls gh eNyh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS og /;ku voLFkkNksM+dj eNyh dks pksap esa nck ysrk gSA

mÙkj—dkys ekFks okyh fpfM+;k dk vius ’osr ia[kksa ls ty esa eNyh ds mNyrs gh >ikVk ekjuk rFkk eNyh dkspksap esa ysdj mM+ tkukA mldh ekufldrk fNidj okj djus okyksa tSlh gSA

vH;kldk;Z&39


mÙkj—(d) [ksrksa esa ljlksa] vylh vkSj pus dh jaxfcjaxh] Qlysa bl rjg lq’kksfHkr [kM+h gSa ekuks ’kknh dkokrkoj.k gksA ljlksa nqYgu cuh eaMi esa cSBh gks vkSj puk nwYgs ds :i esa xqykch Qwy flj ijltk;s [kM+k gksA

([k) iz fr dk vk¡py vuqjkx Hkjk izrhr gks jgk gSA dfo dks yxrk gS fd ljlksa nqYgu gS vkSj puk nwYgk]vylh vYgM+ ukf;dk gSA rhuksa izse ds vkuUn esa eXu gSaA

(x) ljksoj ds ty esa iM+ jgs lw;Z ds izfrfcEc dksAmÙkj—(d) pk¡nh dk cM+k lk xksy [kEHkk ikuh esa iM+rs gq, lwjt ds vDl dks dgk x;k gS D;ksafd ygjksa ds

fgyus ls mldh jks’kuh QSydj [kEHks tSlh yx jgh FkhA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) iRFkj ikuh esa Mwcs gq, ,sls yx jgs Fks] tSls ikuh ih jgs gksaA(x) cxqyk tc ikuh esa eNyh dks ns[krk gS] rks QkSju /;ku dh uhan NksM+dj mls pksap ls idM+dj [kk

tkrk gSAy?kq mÙkjh; iz’uksa ds mÙkj 2 × 4 = 8

mÙkj—vylh dh fo’ks"krk,¡—iryh] yphyh] gBhyh] uhys Qwy okyh vkSj detksj ’kjhj okyh gSA oguktqd gksrs gqbZ Hkh :iorh gS] tks Li’kZ djus ij viuk ân; nsus dks rRij gSA


mÙkj—izLrqr dfork dk n‘’; dfo [ksr dh esM+ ij cSBdj olar ‰rq dk (Qkxqu ekl esa) ns[k jgk gSA Qlydk vius ;kSou ij gksuk rFkk ekSle eLr vkSj lqgkuk gksuk vkfn bl ‰rq dh fo’ks"krk,¡ gSaA

mÙkj—pus ds ikS/ks yEckbZ esa ¡ps ugha gksrs] muds flj ij xqykch Qwy vk, gSaA blh dkj.k dfo dks ,slk yxrkgS ekuks og lt&/kt dj nwYgk cuk [kM+k gSA mlus eqjSBk ck¡/k j[kk gSA

mÙkj—pk¡nh dk cM+k&lk xksy [kEHkk iks[kj ds ty esa iM+s lw;Z ds izfrfcEc dks dgk x;k gSA

vH;kldk;Z&40


mÙkj—(d) dkys ekFks okyh fpfM+;k vR;Ur prqj o QqrhZyh gSA nwj vkdk’k ls gh rkykc esa rSjrh mtyheNyh dks ns[k] vpkud rkykc ds ty ij vkØe.k djrh gS vkSj viuh ihyh pksap esa eNyhnckdj mM+ tkrh gSA

([k) /;kueXu cxqyk eNyh dh rkd esa [kM+k gSA ljksoj esa rSjrh eNyh dks ns[k /;kufuæk R;kxdjpksap esa nckdj fuxy ysrk gSA

(x) VwV iM+uk dk vFkZ gS—rsth ls f’kdkj ij >iV iM+ukAmÙkj—(d) cxqyk ty esa Vk¡x Mqck, pqi /;ku fuæk esa [kM+k gSA tSls gh ty esa eNyh dks piyrk ls b/kj ls

m/kj tkrs ns[krk gS og viuh /;ku&voLFkk R;kx nsrk gS vkSj eNyh idM+ ysrk gSA2 + 1 + 2 = 5

([k) cxqyk /;ku R;kx dj eNyh dks >ViV pksap esa nck lh/kk xys esa Mkydj mls pV dj tkrk gSA(x) iRFkj yEcs le; ls ikuh esa iM+s gSa] dksbZ mudh vkokt ugha gSA vr% dfo dks yxrk gS fd iRFkj

pqipki ikuh ih jgs gSaA /kfudksa ds dk;ZdrkZ yksx lnk ’kksf"kr vr‘Ir gh jgrs gSaAy?kq mÙkjh; iz’uksa ds mÙkj 2 × 3 = 6

mÙkj—dfo us crk;k fd fp=dwV dh igkfM+;k¡ de ¡ph] vux<+ vkSj pkSM+h gSaA os nwj&nwj rd QSyh gqbZ gSaAmu ij jhok ds o¡GVhys isM+ [kM+s gSaA

mÙkj—cxqyk /kwrZ gS] /;kueXu gksus dk ukVd djrk gSA ,d iSj ij [kM+k gksdj eNyh dk cM+h prqjkbZ ls f’kdkjdjrk gSA

mÙkj—fpfM+;k dk eLrd dkyk rFkk ia[k lQsn gSaA og vkleku esa mM+rs gq, Hkh ikuh ij utj j[krh gS vkSjeNyh ds mNyrs gh ml ij pksV djrh gSA vr,o og cgqr prqj ,oa pkykd gSA

es?k vk,

vH;kldk;Z&41


mÙkj—(d) ekuks es?k esgeku dks uj&ukjh vVkfj;ksa ij p<+dj ns[k jgs gksaA([k) es?k :ih nkekn ls D;ksafd yksxksa dks Hkze Fkk fd o"kkZ gksxh ;k ugha] ij o"kkZ gks xbZ (nkekn vk

x;kA) ;gk¡ /kjrh es?kksa ls {kek ;kpuk dj jgh gSA(x) es?k ds vFkZ esa o"kkZ gks mBh rFkk esgeku ds vFkZ esa izsekJq QwV iM+s (nksuksa vksj lsA)

mÙkj—(d) es?k iwjh rjg ls cu&Bu ds] lt&l¡oj dj vkdk’k esa vk jgs gSa rFkk es?kksa dks ’kgjh ikgqu dsleku ekuk tkrk gSA 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

([k) isM+ es?k :ih esgeku ds lkSUn;Z dks ns[kus dk iz;kl dj jgs gSa rFkk cknyksa ds vkus ls vk¡/kh /kwyHkjk ?kk?kjk mBkdj Hkkxus yxh gSA


(x) gok ukprh] xkrh vkxs&vkxs tk jgh gS vkSj mlds izHkko ls xyh&xyh esa njokts f[kM+dh [kqyx, gSaA


mÙkj—gok rst pyus yxrh gSA njokts&f[kM+fd;k¡ lqUnj n‘’; ns[kus dks [kqy tkrs gSaA isM+ksa dk >qduk ’kq: gkstkrk gSA vk¡/kh pyus] /kwy mM+us yxrh gSA ihiy ds iÙks gok esa Mksyus yxrs gSaA rkykc esa ygjsa mBusyxrh gSaA f{kfrt ij fctyh pedus yxrh gSA /kkjklkj ty cjlus yxk ftlds dkj.k txg&txg lsck¡/k VwV x,A

mÙkj—o"kZHkj o"kkZ u gksus ls yrk O;kdqy Fkh mlus O;kdqyrk ls fdokM+ dh vksV esa gksdj esgeku dks ns[kk tSlsO;kdqy uofookfgrk vius fiz;re dks ns[kus dks mRlqd rks jgrh gS ij ’keZ ds dkj.k lcds lkeus uns[kdj njokts dh vksV ls ns[krh gSA

mÙkj—lulukrh gok pyus yxhA gok ls njokts&f[kM+fd;k¡ [kqyus yxsA isM+ >qdus yxs] ihiy tSls cM+s&cM+sisM+ Hkh Mksyus yxsA csysa gf"kZr gqb–A rkykc esa vk’kk dh ygjsa vkus yxhaA f{kfrt ij ckny xgjkus yxsAfctyh pedus yxh vkSj ckny xjtus yxsA fjef>e o"kkZ gksus yxhA

mÙkj—cjlkr ds es?k cgqr ?kus gksrs gSa] os cM+h ’kku ls ?kqeM+rs vkrs gSaA ihNs lw;Z dh jks’kuh ls muesa vusdvkHkk,¡ fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSaA dHkh&dHkh bUæ/kuq"k dh vkHkk Hkh n’kZuh; gksrh gS] blfy, Bhd gh dgk x;kgS es?k vk, cM+s cu&Bu ds l¡oj dsA

vH;kldk;Z&42


mÙkj—(d) gok vkSj o"kkZ ds dkj.k isM+ >qd jgs gSaA esgeku dks ns[kus dh mRlqdrk ds dkj.k xnZu mpdk jgsgSaA

([k) nkekn&esgeku ds vkus dh lwpuk ?kj esa nsuk pkgrh gSA okLro esa es?kksa dks nkekn ds :i esa dfous izLrqr fd;k gSA

(x) unh :ih cgw us es?k :ih nkekn&esgeku dks ns[kus ds fy, yTtk ls ?kw¡?kV ljdk;kA(?k) es?kksa ds vkus ls rst xehZ ls eqfDr feyus yxh] o"kkZ gksus yxh] isM+ >weus yxs] /kwy Hkh Hkkx xbZ]

unh vc cgus yxh] pkjksa vksj [kq’kuqek okrkoj.k gks x;kA(‡) unh :ih cgw es?k :ih esgeku dks ns[kus ds fy, fBBd xbZA

mÙkj—(d) cw<+k ihiy ?kj ds cM+s cqtqxZ dk izrhd gSA esgeku (fo’ks"kdj nkekn) ds vkus ij ?kj ds cM+s ghlcls igys mldk Lokxr djrs gSaA 2 + 1 + 2 = 5

([k) iwjs ,d lky ds ckn gesa ;kn fd;k] ,d mikyaHkA(x) rkykc esa ygjsa mB jgh gSaA mldk ty Hkh ped mBk gSA ekuks esgeku ds iSj /kksus gsrq ikuh ijkr

esa Hkjdj yk;k x;k gSA oSls gh o"kkZ ds vkxeu ij NksVs&NksVs rkykcksa dh fLFkfr eueksgd gks jghgSA


mÙkj—es?kksa dh rqyuk xk¡o ds nkekn ls dh xbZ gS D;ksafd nksuksa ds gh vkus ij xk¡o okys cM+s izse ls mudk Lokxrdjrs gSa vkSj nksuksa gh cM+h rS;kjh ls ’kksjxqy ds lkFk vkrs gSaA

mÙkj—gok es?k ls vkxs ukprh&xkrh py jgh gSA mlds dkj.k xyh&xyh njokts] f[kM+dh /kwy] mM+uk vkfnizHkko Li"V fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSaA yxrk gS fd dksbZ es?k esgeku ds vkxeu dk lans’k ns jgk gksA

mÙkj—es?k Hkwjs&dkys cknyksa ls l¡oj dj vk, gSaA os ikuh&fctyh pedkrs gq, vk, gSa] tSls dksbZ esgekult&l¡ojdj vkrk gSA

mÙkj—ckny vkus ij izˇfr dh xfr’khy fØ;kvksa dk izrhdkRed o.kZu_ ’kCn&lkeF;Z cstksM+ rFkk xzkeh.klaLˇfr dk ;FkkFkZ fp=.k vkfn bl dfork dh eq[; fo’ks"krk,¡ gSaA


;ejkt dh fn’kk

vH;kldk;Z&43


mÙkj—(d) ek¡ dh bZ’oj ls eqykdkr gqbZ ;k ughaA ;g dguk dfo ds fy, eqf’dy FkkA

([k) ek¡ ges’kk ;g trkrh Fkh fd mldh bZ’oj ls ckrphr gksrh jgrh gSA

(x) ek¡ bZ’oj ls izkIr lykgksa ds vuqlkj ftUnxh thus vkSj nq%[kksa dks cnkZ’r djus ds mik; <w¡< ysrh FkhA


mÙkj—cpiu esa dfo dh ek¡ us le>k;k fd nf{k.k fn’kk dh vksj iSj djds ugha lksuk pkfg, D;ksafd ;g e‘R;qdh fn’kk gSA blh fn’kk esa e‘R;q ds nsork ;ejkt dk fuokl gksrk gSA vr% dfo ek¡ dh f’k{kk dks dHkhugha Hkwyk vkSj nf{k.k fn’kk dh igpku thou Hkj thfor jghA

mÙkj—dfo nf{k.k fn’kk esa nwj&nwj rd x;k] ijUrq Hk;Hkhr jgkA ogk¡ mlus ;ejkt dk ?kj <w¡<+us dh Hkkjhdksf’k’k dh Fkh] ijUrq vlQyrk gh feyh D;ksafd ;g fn’kk vUrghu gksrh gSA mlds Nksj rd igq¡puklEHko ugha gSA nwljs :i esa fojks/kh rkdrsa loZO;kid gSaA vr% nf{k.k fn’kk dks yk¡?k ysuk lEHko ugha gSA

mÙkj—dfo dks mudh ek¡ lpsr djrh gS fd nf{k.k fn’kk ;ejkt dh fn’kk gS] blfy, nf{k.k fn’kk esa iSj djdslksus ls ;ejkt Øq… gks tkrs gSa rFkk euq"; dh e‘R;q gks ldrh gSA

mÙkj—bZ’oj loZO;kid gS ij fQj Hkh fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA mls vius Hkkoksa&fopkjksa ls le>k tk ldrk gSAdHkh&dHkh mfpr&vuqfpr fu.kZ; ds ihNs bZ’oj dk Hk; fn[kkuk vko’;d gksrk gSA ,slk djus ls eu dksn‘<+rk izkIr gksrh gS] fn’kk funsZ’k feyrk gS vkSj ge ekufld lgkjk izkIr djrs gSaA ekuo dk eu papy gS]ml ij fu;a=.k ikus dk jkLrk feyrk gSA blesa dksbZ lUnsg ugha fd euq"; dks izR;sd dk;Z Lo;a djukgksrk gS] ij eu dh ’kfDr dksbZ lgkjk rks vo’; ikuk pkgrh gSA og lgkjk gh bZ’oj gS ftlls fn’kk nsusds fy, bZ’oj dk Hk; fn[kkuk vko’;d gks tkrk gSA

vH;kldk;Z&44


mÙkj—(d) ek¡ us le>k;k Fkk fd nf{k.k esa iSj djds lksus ls ;ejkt Øksf/kr gks tkrs gSaA blls os nf{k.k fn’kkdks tku lds vFkkZr~ mUgsa [krjksa dk Kku gks x;kA

([k) mldk dksbZ var ugha gS dksbZ vfUre fdukjk ugha gksus lsA(x) pkjksa vkSj QSys fouk’k] vkrad vkSj "kM~;a= dks ns[kdj dfo dks] nf{k.k fn’kk ds var rd tkuk

lEHko ugha yx jgk FkkAmÙkj—(d) ek¡ dgrh Fkh fd nf{k.k fn’kk ;ejkt dh fn’kk gSA nf{k.k fn’kk esa iSj djds dHkh er lksukA

1 + 2 + 2 = 5

([k) vc lHkh fn’kkvksa esa e‘R;q dk rkaMo fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA gj fn’kk nf{k.k fn’kk gks xbZ gSA gj vksj’kks"k.k O;kIr gSA ’kks"kd /kuh rFkk xohZys gSaA

(x) fouk’kd ’kfDr;k¡ ’kks"k.kdÙkkZ lHkh fn’kkvksa esa egy cukdj BkB ls jg jgs gSaA pkjks vksj ekSr dk[krjk e¡Mjkrk fn[kkbZ ns jgk gSA



mÙkj—cpiu esa ek¡ ds }kjk nh xbZ lykg vkSj orZeku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lkeatL; (rkyesy) fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA ek¡dh lykg ds vuqlkj nf{k.k fn’kk esa ;ejkt dk ?kj gS] fdUrq orZeku ifjfLFkfr;k¡ fHkUu gSaA vc gj fn’kk;ejkt dh lh yxus yxh gSA vc pkjksa vksj fgalk] ’kks"k.k] vR;kpkj] [kwu] pksjh vkfn fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaAvr% gj fn’kk vc ;ejkt dh fn’kk gks xbZ gSA

mÙkj—vkt lHkh vksj vjktdrk] fgalk] vR;kpkj vkfn dqizo‘fÙk;ksa dk cksyckyk gSA ,sls lHkh yksx lEiUu ;etSls Hk;kud gSaA vr% mudh fLFkfr vkyh’kku egyksa esa ngdrh vk¡[kksa ls fojkteku tSlh gSA

mÙkj—nf{k.k fn’kk dks yk¡?kuk lEHko ugha gS D;ksafd bl fn’kk dk dksbZ var ugha gS vkSj dksbZ Nksj ugha gS] dksbZ,slh js[kk ;k fcUnq Hkh ugha gSA iwjh i‘Foh xksy gS vr% nf{k.k fn’kk dks yk¡?kuk lEHko ugha gS D;ksafdyk¡?kus ds fy, dksbZ lhek Hkh gksuh vko’;d gS tks gS gh ughaA

mÙkj—ek¡ dh dfo dks lykg Fkh fd nf{k.k fn’kk esa iSj djds u lksuk D;ksafd og ;ejkt dh fn’kk gS] fdUrq;g mfpr ugha gS D;ksafd nf{k.k fn’kk dks tc yk¡?k gh ugha ldrs rks gesa lR; dSls irk py ldrk gS \ftl LFkku ;k ;ejkt tSls O;fDr dks ns[kk gh ugha oju~ ;g rks ek= gekjh Lo;a cukbZ gqbZ HkzkfUr gS]lPpkbZ ughaA

vH;kldk;Z&45


mÙkj—(d) dfo dh ek¡ nf{k.k fn’kk esa iSj djds lksus dks euk djrh Fkha blfy, nf{k.k esa tkus ij dfo dksek¡ lnSo ;kn vkrh jghA

([k) nf{k.k dks yk¡?k ysuk lEHko ugha Fkk D;ksafd u dsoy Hkkjr] lalkj cfYd lEiw.kZ varfj{k rdnf{k.k fn’kk QSyh gS] mldk dgha Hkh var ugha gSA tgk¡ tkvks nf{k.k fn’kk Hkh ogk¡ gksxh ghA

(x) vkt gj fn’kk nf{k.k fn’kk gks tkrh gS vFkkZr~ ekSr u dsoy nf{k.k fn’kk rd lhfer gS cfYdlHkh fn’kkvksa esa fo|eku gSa] D;ksafd ’kks"kd] vR;kpkjh vkfn Øwj loZ= QSys gSaA

mÙkj—(d) dfo ds vuqlkj gj fn’kk nf{k.k fn’kk gks xbZ gS] D;ksafd pkjksa vksj dh fLFkfr;k¡ [kjkc gSaA thouds lHkh {ks=ksa esa ’kks"k.k&O;oLFkk dk foLrkj gks pqdk gSA 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

([k) lHkh fn’kkvksa esa ;ejkt us vius ’kkunkj egy cuk fy, gSaA mu lHkh esa ngdrh vk¡[kksa okys;ejkt cSBs gSa] tks euq";ksa dks [kk tkus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA vk’k; ;g gS fd vkt thou ds lHkh{ks=ksa esa ’kks"k.kdÙkkZvksa us viuk tky QSyk fy;k gSA vke vkneh ’kks"k.k ls cp ugha ldrkA

(x) ^ek¡ vc ugha gS vkSj ;ejkt dh fn’kk Hkh og ugha jgh tks ek¡ tkurh Fkh*—dk Hkko ;g gS fd vcle; cny pqdk gSA vc lkjh fn’kk,¡ nf{k.k gks pqdh gSaA vkt ’kks"k.k vkSj fouk’k dh ’kfDr;k¡lc vksj QSy pqdh gSaA ekuo dh lqj{kk djus okyk vc dksbZ ugha gSA


mÙkj—dfo dh ek¡ thou thus ds rjhds lh[k ysrh gSa vkSj nq%[k lgu djus ds mik; tku ysrh gSaA bl rjg osthou dks lqpk# o [kq’kgky :i ls th ikrh gSaA

mÙkj—nf{k.k fn’kk dk izrhdkFkZ gks ldrk gS nf{k.kiaFkh fopkj/kkjkA muds vuqlkj ;g fopkj/kkjk lkekU; euq";ds fy, ’k=q gS vkSj ;gh fopkj/kkjk euq"; dks fouk’k dh vksj ys tkrh gSA blesa ’kks"k.k dk Hkko fufgrgS tks e‘R;q ds leku gh d"V dkjd gSA

mÙkj—lHkh fn’kkvksa esa ;ejkt ds vkyh’kku egy gSa bldk rkRi;Z gS—’kks"k.kdrkZvksa dh LFkkfir O;oLFkkAthou ds lHkh {ks=ksa esa ’kks"k.kdrkZvksa us viuk tky QSyk fn;k gSA vke vkneh ’kks"k.k ls cp ughaldrkA vr% loZ= ;ejkt tSls yksx BkB&ckV ls fojkteku fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA

mÙkj—dfo dh ek¡ D;ksafd cpiu ls nf{k.k fn’kk esa iSj djds lksus dks euk djrh FkhaA vr% nf{k.k dh vksjtkus ij mudh ;kn vkbZA


cPps dke ij tk jgs gSa

vH;kldk;Z&46


mÙkj—(d) cPps ns’k dk Hkfo"; gSa] vxj os i<+us&fy[kus ds LFkku ij dke djsaxs rks mudk cpiu gh ughau"V gksxk vfirq ns’k dk fodkl Hkh fiNM+ tk;sxkA

([k) cPps cpiu esa [ksyrs gSa] i<+rs gSaA mudk dke djuk ,d Hk;kog fLFkfr gS] dfo mls lekt vkSj’kklu dh ykijokgh ekurs gSaA

(x) ßcPps dke ij D;ksa tk jgs gSa \Þ fy[kus ls leL;k dh xEHkhjrk vkSj lp dh dM+okgV utjvk,xhA

mÙkj—(d) fdrkcksa dks nhedksa us [kk fy;k gSA 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

([k) dfo us bl dfork esa cky&’kks"k.k dh leL;k dks mBk;k gSA NksVs&NksVs cPps viuh [ksyus vkSji<+us dh mez esa ifjokj dk [kpkZ mBkus ds fy, dke djrs gSa vkSj ’kks"k.k ds f’kdkj gksrs gSa tkst?kU; vijk/k gSA

(x) cPps lqfo/kk vkSj euksjatu ds midj.kksa ls blfy, oafpr gSa D;ksafd os cgqr xjhc gSaA bu lcdks[kjhnus ds fy, iSls ugha gSaA viuk vkSj vius ifjokj dk xqtkjk pykus ds fy, dke djrs gSaA


mÙkj—cPps lqfo/kk vkSj euksjatu ds midj.kksa ls blfy, oafpr gSa D;ksafd muds ek¡&cki xjhc gSaA tc mudsikl isV Hkjus ds fy, jksVh gh ugha gS rks muds ikl muds fy, [ksy&f[kykSus dgk¡ ls vk ldrs gSa \blfy, muds cPps [ksyus ugha cfYd dke djus ds fy, tkrs gSaA

mÙkj—geus vius ’kgj esa cPpksa dks nqdkuksa esa lkeku nsrs&csprs ns[kk gSA ?kj&ckgj dh lQkbZ djrs ns[kk gSAdwM+k churs vkSj cks> <ksrs ns[kk gSA mUgsa ?kjksa esa ukSdj ds :i esa ns[kk gSA <kcksa ij [kkuk idkrs&ijkslrsns[kk gSA

mÙkj—cPpksa dks dke ij Hkstuk muds lkFk ?kksj vU;k; gSA cpiu Hkfo"; dh uhao gksrk gSA bl ij gh ns’k dkHkfo"; fuHkZj djrk gSA ftl lekt esa cPpksa ds fodkl dks dqpyk tkrk gS og lekt vU;k;h rFkkvfodflr gS rFkk fiNM+siu dk thrk&tkxrk mnkgj.k gSA vr% cPpksa dks f’k{kk xzg.k djus dk ekSdkfn;k tk,] [ksyus&dwnus ds mfpr lk/ku miyC/k djk, tk;sa rFkk cpiu esa tks’khys dk;Z djus dk ekSdknsdj mUgsa LorU=rk nsuh pkfg,A

mÙkj—dqgjs ls <¡dh lM+d ij ,dne Hkksj ds le; cPps dke ij tk jgs gSa] ;g ns[kdj dfo fpafrr ,oa O;xzgSA mldh fpUrk muds vPNs ikyu&iks"k.k] f’k{k.k rFkk ’kkjhfjd&ekufld fodkl dh Hkh gS ftl gsrqog ljdkj ,oa lekt dks lpsr djrk gSA

vH;kldk;Z&47


mÙkj—(d) cPpksa dk dke ij tkuk lekt dh n;uh; o ’kkspuh; fLFkfr dks izdV djrk gS tks cgqr Hk;kudgSA

([k) cPpksa ds fy, f[kykSus] iqLrdsa o [ksy ds lkeku vkfn dk cPpksa }kjk mi;ksx u dj ikuk ghnqfu;k dh lcls cM+h =klnh gSA

(x) yk[kksa cPpksa dk lw;ksZn; ls igys gh dke ij tkuk fo’oO;kih cky etnwjh dh leL;k gSA fo’oesa cPpksa dk ’kks"k.k gks jgk gSA blds izfr lHkh lekt vkSj ’kklu laosnughu gSaA


mÙkj—(d) cPpksa dks thou dh lqfo/kk,¡ u feyus ij mudk thou fujFkZd gS D;ksafd [ksy] i<+kbZ vkSjeuksjatu ds LFkku ij os etnwjh djrs gSaA 2 + 2 + 1 = 5

([k) cpiu lq[k vkSj fodkl ds fy, gSA dfo cky etnwjksa dh etcwjh ls ijs’kku gSA cky Je tSlhleL;k dh vksj yksxksa dk /;ku vkdf"kZr djuk pkgrk gSA

(x) T;ksa dh R;ksa@;Fkkor~ oSlh gh tSlh gksuh pkfg,A


mÙkj—cPpksa dks [ksydwn] i<+kbZ ds iwjs volj feyuk] eu&efLr"d ij dke dk ncko u gksuk] cky&etnwjhjksdus dk iz;Ru] lekt dh cs#[kh ij fpUrk vkfn bl dfork ds mís’; gks ldrs gSaA

mÙkj—dfo us dksgjs esa dke ij vkrs cPpksa dk fp= izLrqr djds ikBdksa ds eu esa dk#.; mitkus dk iz;Rufd;k gSA laosnu’kwU; lekt ij O;aX; Hkh fd;k gS] tks cky&etnwjksa dks ns[kdj fpfUrr ugha gSA

mÙkj—^cPps dke ij tk jgs gSa* ;g iafDr dfo dks Hk;kud gknlk yxrh gS D;ksafd cpiu esa cPps dk dkedjuk nqHkkZX;iw.kZ gSA ;s muds Hkfo"; fuekZ.k dk le; gS] dke djus dk ughaA

mÙkj—^cPps dke ij tk jgs gSa* dfork esa dfo us cky ’kks"k.k dh leL;k dks mBk;k gSA og ekurk gS fd ckyetnwjh dks jksduk cgqr vko’;d gSA

jh<+ dh gM~Mh

vH;kldk;Z&48

fucU/kkRed o ewY;ijd iz’uksa ds mÙkj— 5 × 4 = 20

mÙkj—jkeLo:i dh csVh us ch-,- ikl fd;k Fkk] fdUrq mUgksaus xksiky izlkn ls ;g ckr fNikbZ FkhA xksikyizlkn yM+dh dh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dks dksbZ egÙo ugha nsrs FksA os ?kjsyw thou esa yM+dh dh i<+kbZ dksO;oŁkku ekurs Fks blfy, jkeLo:i us ;g ckr fNikbZA jkeLo:i viuh csVh ds fy, oj dh ryk’kdjrs&djrs ijs’kku gks x;s FksA os ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkeus [kqn dks etcwj ikrs FksA mudh utj esa i<+kbZ ovkn’kks– dk egÙo Fkk] blfy, mUgksaus viuh csVh dks mPp f’k{kk fnyokbZ] fdUrq fookg ds ekeys esa mUgsayxk Fkk fd vkn’kZ uo;qod mUgsa ugha fey jgk gSA os ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkeus VwV pqds Fks rFkk pkgrs Fks fdcl fdlh Hkh rjg mudh csVh dk fookg gks tk,A orZeku fgUnw lekt esa yM+dh ds firk dh tks&tksfoo’krk,¡ (lekt dk lp) gSa] jkeLo:i mu lHkh ls tw> jgs FksA

mÙkj—jkeLo:i pkgrs Fks fd mudh csVh ^mek* ikmMj oxSjg yxkdj lt&/ktdj yM+ds okyksa ds lkeusfn[kkoVh lkeku dh rjg izLrqr gks tk,A mek dks ;g lc ilan ugha FkkA os mek dh i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ HkhfNik jgs FksA jkeLo:i ;s lc xyr dj jgs Fks D;ksafd bl rjg >wB ds vk/kkj ij fj’rksa dks cukuk mfprughaA ;fn gesa lekt esa cnykc ;k lq/kkj ykuk gS] rks ukjh f’k{kk vkSj LorU=rk dks egÙo nsuk pkfg,Angst tSlh cqjh izFkk dk fojks/k djuk pkfg,A

jkeLo:i dh rjg O;ogkj djds ge lekt ds nfd;kuwlhiu ls mcj ugha ldrsA iqjkuh xyrijEijkvksa dk fojks/k djus ds fy, gesa [kqydj ckgj vkuk pkfg, rFkk yM+fd;ksa dks Hkh vius <ax lslkspus&le>us] thus o vkxs c<+us dk iwjk volj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

mÙkj—xksiky izlkn fookg dks ^fctusl* ekurs gSaA ftl izdkj O;fDr ykHk&gkfu dk fopkj dj O;kikj djrkgS] mlh izdkj os Hkh vius yM+ds dh ’kknh fdlh vPNh gSfl;r okys O;fDr dh de i<+h&fy[khyM+dh ls djuk pkgrs gSaA blds ihNs mudh ;g lksp gS fd yM+dh fcuk fdlh ukt&u[kjs ds muds?kjsyw dkeksa esa yxh jgsA bl izdkj os ukjh dks lEeku ugha nsuk pkgrs] vr% os vijk/kh gSaA jkeLo:i }kjkviuh csVh dh mPp f’k{kk dks fNikus dk dkj.k ;g gS fd vf/kd i<+h&fy[kh gksus ds dkj.k mlds


fookg esa dfBukbZ vk jgh gSA iq#"k iz/kku lekt ukjh dh xfjekiw.kZ fLFkfr dks Lohdkj ugha dj ik jgkgSA vr% jkeLo:i foo’k gksdj ,slk dne mBkrs gSaA bl dkj.k xksiky izlkn dh rqyuk esa mudk vijk/kgYdk gSA

mÙkj—dFkkoLrq ds vk/kkj ij ^jh<+ dh gM~Mh* ,dkadh dh izeq[k ik= gS—mekAmek bl ,dkadh ds dsUæ esa gS ,oa lEiw.kZ dgkuh mlh ds bnZ&fxnZ ?kwerh gSA,dkadh dh izeq[k ?kVuk mek ds fookg ls gh lEcfU/kr gSA mls ns[kus yM+ds okys vkrs gSa] ijUrq ogviuh mPp f’k{kk ,oa yM+ds ’kadj dh pfj=ghurk dh ckr n‘<+rkiwoZd izdV dj nsrh gSAvius ln~xq.kksa] vkn’kks– ,oa Li"Vokfnrk ds vk/kkj ij mek gh bl ,dkadh dh eq[; ik= fl… gksrh gSAog ,d lPpfj=] mPp f’k{kk izkIr] vkd"kZd O;fDrRo okyh ;qorh gSA,dkadh esa mek ds O;fDrRo dks gh loksZRˇ"V fn[kk;k x;k gSA og ukjh dks mfpr lEeku u fn;s tkus dhckr dks n‘<+rkiwoZd mBkrh gS tks ,dkadh ds mís’; dks Li"V djrh gSA

ekVh okyh

vH;kldk;Z&49


mÙkj—ekVh okyh dks lc yksx igpkurs Fks D;ksafd ?kj&?kj esa yky feV~Vh nsrs jgus ls ml dke dks djus okyhog cw<+h ukVs dn o [kqys duLrj okyh ,d ek= efgyk L=h FkhA dksbZ Hkh nwljk feV~Vh nsus okyk u FkkAmlds fcuk pwYgk tyuk dfBu FkkA izR;sd ?kj esa izfrfnu pwYgk&pkSdk yhius ds fy, rFkk lky&nks&lkyesa edku&nhokjksa dh fyikbZ ds fy, feV~Vh dh vko’;drk iM+rh FkhA blh dkj.k ls lc feV~Vh ysrs FksrFkk feV~Vh okyh dks mlds daVj ls igpkurs FksA

mÙkj—fVgjh fuoklh ekVh okyh dks Hkyh&Hkk¡fr tkurs FksA gj ?kj okyk] cPpk] fdjk;snkj lc tkurs Fks D;ksafdgj ?kj esa yky feV~Vh nsus okyh og vdsyh L=h FkhA mlds fcuk fVgjh ’kgj esa pwYgs tykuk dfBu FkkAyksxksa ds lkeus jlksbZ vkSj Hkkstu ds ckn pwYgs&pkSds dh fyikbZ djus dh leL;k iSnk gks tk,xhA gj ?kjesa jkst yky feV~Vh dh t:jr iM+rh FkhA blfy, ekVh [kkus ls yky feV~Vh ykdj gj ?kj esa feV~Vh nsusokyh dks gj dksbZ tkurk FkkA

mÙkj—(1) foLFkkiu dh leL;k dks mtkxj djukA(2) iquokZl ds nq%[k dks yksxksa rd igq¡pkukA(3) vkfFkZd raxh ds izfr tkx:drk iSnk djukA(4) HkkoukRed rFkk xjhcksa ds izfr lgkuqHkwfr dk okrkoj.k izLrqr djukA(5) iz’kklfud O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj ykukA(6) yksxksa dks ;FkklEHko etnwjh nsukA

mÙkj—ekVh okyh vui<+ o nfyr u tehu] u tk;nkn] u dksbZ fBdkukA feV~Vh [kksndj o mls cspdj viuko ifr dk isV ikyus okyh cw<+h o ykpkj efgyk] jksfV;ksa dks fNikrh] ykpkjh vkSj csclh dk izrhd gSAfoLFkkiu dh leL;k—jkstxkj dh] ?kj dh] cq<+kis esa dkSu lgkjk nsxkA fVgjh ck¡/k cukus esa gtkjksa dksjkstxkj] [ksr] ?kj] ukSdjh] etnwjh ls gkFk /kksuk iM+kAbl rjg dh leL;kvksa ls Hkkjr tw>rk jgk gSA foLFkkfirksa ds fy, dsoy ljdkj dk gh ugha] gjHkkjroklh dk lg;ksx vfuok;Z gSA


fdl rjg vkf[kjdkj eSa fgUnh esa vk;k

vH;kldk;Z&50


mÙkj—cPpu ds vfrfjDr ’ke’ksj flag dks lqfe=kuanu iar o fujkyk th dk lgkjk feykA ljLorh] gal]vH;qn; tSlh if=dkvksa esa fy[kus dk volj feykA :ikHk esa vuqokn dk;Z dk ekSdk feykA nsgjknwu esallqjky okyksa us mudh lgk;rk dhA dSfeLV ,.M M“fxLV dh nqdku ij dEikmMjh lh[khA HkkbZ ds fe=czt eksgu ls Hkh lg;ksx feykA lqfe=k uUnu iar dh ˇik ls vuqoknd dk dke feykA

mÙkj—l rqjUr fu.kZ; ysus ds vknhAl vkRefuHkZj gksus dsAl le; dk lnqi;ksx djus okys cusaAl vius dk;Z dh iw.kZrk ds fy, lekt dh ijokg u djukA

mÙkj—cPpu dh izsj.kk ls gh ys[kd us fgUnh esa ys[ku vkjEHk fd;kA vkjEHk esa ys[kd dh dqN jpuk,¡^ljLorh* vkSj ^pk¡n* if=dk esa Ni pqdh FkhaA mUgksaus ^vH;qn;* esa dqN lkWusV Hkh HkstsA cPpu us mUgsaubZ rjg ls ys[ku dk izdkj crk;kA ys[kd us cPpu dh rjg Hkh fy[kus dk dkQh iz;kl fd;kA mudhfy[kh ,d dfork tks ljLorh esa Nih Fkh] mls fujkyk th us ilUn fd;kA mUgksaus dqN fucU/k Hkh fy[ksrFkk ckn esa gal dk;kZy; dh ^dgkuh* esa pys x,A

mÙkj—ys[kd us vius futh thou esa iRuh ds foNksg rFkk vdsysiu dks >sykA vius thou dks l¡okjus esa HkhmUgsa ladVksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA lkr #i, ysdj os fnYyh vk, vkSj vkVZ dkWyst esa HkrhZ gq,A HkkbZ}kjk Hksts dqN #i,] dqN lkbZu cksMZ isaV djds dekdj mUgksaus viuk fuokZg fd;k] fdUrq mudk ys[kutkjh jgkA blh chp llqjky dh nok dh nqdku ij dEikm.Mj dk dke lh[kkA ckn esa cPpu th dslgkjk nsus rFkk izsj.kk nsus ij mUgksaus ,e-,- fd;k rFkk vuqokn o ys[ku dk dk;Z fd;kA bl izdkj mudkthou HkkokRed rFkk vkfFkZd ladVksa ls tw>rs gq, chrkA

vH;kldk;Z&55-54

jpukRed ewY;kaduvH;kl dk;Z 51 ls 54 rd ds leLr iznÙk dk;Z fo|kFkhZ v/;kid@v/;kfidkvksa dh lgk;rk ls Lo;a djsaA

P-31M.[k ys [k u– ?k

(fucU/k o i= ys[ku)

vH;kldk;Z&55

(10 vad)

lkekU; vFkZ esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fo’kky lewg esa ijh{kk fnyksa dh /kM+du c<+k nsrh gSA ijh{kk ds uke ls gh dfBuifjJe dh igy gksrh gSA Hkw[k xk;c vkSj tkudkjh dh vQjkrQjh ’kq:A D;ksa u gks] lkjk le; tks Hkh lh[kk&i<+k ;ktkuk mldk vkdyu gksuk gS] D;ksafd lQyrk rks izkIr djuh gh gS \ leiZ.k] vuq’kklu] fu;kstu o vkKkdkfjrk rksns[krs gh curh gSA

ukSdjh] izfr;ksfxrk ;k Lrj dh c<+ksÙkjh pkgs fo|ky; esa gks ;k dgha ckgj] ijh{kk egÙoiw.kZ gSA ;g thou dku;k vk;ke gSA fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr Kku laxzg djds mldk v/;;u o euu bldk fo’ks"k lR; gSA vius Kku dh mfpro csgrj vfHkO;fDr bldk ekin.M gSA ijh{kk thou dk vk/kkj gS \ buls cpuk vlEHko gSA buls Hkkoh dfBukb;ksals tw>us dk iwokZH;kl Hkh gksrk gSA ijh{kk ifj.kke vuqdwy gksus ls ruko eqfDr rks gksrh gh gS] lQyrk dk vuqHko rksvkuUn] fodkl vkSj vkRefo’okl Hkh c<+k nsrk gSA oLrqr% thou gh ijh{kk gS vkSj bldk lqxe lapkyu gh vfuok;Z gSA

lksfp,] ;fn ijh{kk,¡ u gksrha rks vkuUn gh vkuUn gksrkA vfHkHkkodksa o ijh{kdksa dks cgqr jkgr gksrh]ekxZnf’kZdkvksa] dksfpax Dyklksa ds ruko ls NqVdkjk feyrk] le; fu;kstu dh t:jr gh ugha gksrh] ij thou uhjl gkstkrkA gekjs Kku o fodkl dk dksbZ ekin.M gh ugha cu ikrk vkSj ijh{kk ds ckn feyus okys ekufld lUrks"k dk egÙogh ugha jg ikrkA oLrqr% ijh{kk dks lgh vFkZ esa Lohdkj djuk vfuok;Z gh gSA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—27 , if’peh fogkj]

ubZ fnYyhA

fnukad --------------

fiz; vuqt jfo

’kqHkk’kh"k

vk’kk gS fd rqe LoLFk o ldq’ky gksaxsA vkt gh rqEgkjs d{kk/;kid dk i= feyk ftls i<+dj Kkr gqvkfd rqe cqjs yM+dksa dh laxfr esa iM+dj viuk le; i<+kbZ ds ctk; ?kweus&fQjus o QS’kuijLrh esa cckZndj jgs gksA ge lcdks ;g tkudj cgqr nq%[k gqvk gSA rqe tkurs gks fd ekrk&firkth dks rqels cgqrmEehns gSa vkSj os pkgrs gSa fd rqe i<+&fy[kdj viuk Hkfo"; mTToy djksA HkkbZ ;s le; rqEgkjh i<+kbZdk gS] vxj rqe bls cqjh laxfr esa iM+dj cckZn djksxs rks rqEgkjk ijh{kk esa ikl gksuk vlEHko gks tk;sxkArqe le; jgrs ;s tku yks fd cqjh laxfr dk ifj.kke cqjk gh gksrk gSA tks ,d ckj dqlaxfr ds nyny esaQ¡l tkrk gS mldh cqf… dk fouk’k gks tkrk gSA mlesa vusd O;lu vkSj nqxqZ.k vk tkrs gSaA Nk= thouesa rks dqlaxfr ds Hk;adj ifj.kke mBkus iM+ ldrs gSaA ,slk Nk= u rks viuk fgr dj ldrk gS u ghifjokj dk fgr dj ldrk gSA

vk’kk gS fd rqe esjh ckr ekudj cqjs Nk=ksa dh laxfr NksM+dj igys dh rjg i<+kbZ esa eu yxkvksxs] fu;ferv/;;u djksxs o ijh{kk esa vOoy vkvksxsA i=ksÙkj dh izrh{kk esaA

rqEgkjk vxzt

jkgqy

?k ys[ku[k.M


vH;kldk;Z&56

^tula[;k dh leL;k*

(10 vad)

rhoz xfr ls c<+rh gqbZ vkcknh fdlh Hkh ns’k dh leLr O;oLFkk dks lewy u"V dj nsus okyk ce gSAfodkl’khy ns’kksa ds fy, ;g ,d pqukSrh gSA

tula[;k dh n‘f"V ls Hkkjr dk fo’o esa phu ds i’pkr~ nwljk LFkku gSA ,d feuV esa yxHkx 20 cPps rFkk ,d?k.Vs esa ckjg lkS cPps tUe ysrs gSaA orZeku esa Hkkjr dh vkcknh esa o‘f… dh nj 2.5% izfro"kZ gSA gekjh vkcknh fo’odh dqy vkcknh dk vkBok¡ Hkkx gSA

dqN /kkfeZd o lkekftd pqukSfr;k¡ bl leL;k dks c<+kok ns jgh gSaA vf’k{kk vkSj iq= izkfIr dh bPNk vkcknh esao‘f… djrh gSA dU;k lUrku dk vkt Hkh lekt lEeku ugha dj jgk gSA vkcknh dh fujUrj o‘f… ls ns’k dks fofHkUudfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA loZizFke [kk|kUuksa dh deh ds dkj.k yksxksa dks lUrqfyr vkgkj u feyus lsLokLF; lEcU/kh leL;k vkrh gSA csdkjh c<+rh gSA vf/kd HkhM+ ls f’k{kk ds voljksa esa deh] f’k{kk ds Lrj esa fxjkoV];krk;kr] jgu&lgu ds Lrj esa fxjkoV] eg¡xkbZ dk c<+uk Li"V leL;k,¡ gSaA

ns’k ds vkfFkZd fodkl dks vo#… djus esa Hkh vkcknh dk cgqr cM+k ;ksxnku gSA fodkl o [kq’kgkyh ds fy,tula[;k dh o‘f… nj esa deh ykuk vfuok;Z gks x;k gSA f’k{kk dk izpkj] NksVs ifjokj ds ykHk] foyEc fookg] dU;kdks iq= ds leku lEeku dh Hkkouk] lUrqfyr Hkkstu dk Kku o miyfC/k] vkfFkZd le‘f… dk eksg] lekt dks ifjokjdY;k.k dh foHkUu ;kstukvksa gsrq tkxzr djsxkA rHkh gekjs ns’k esa bl ToyUr leL;k dk lek/kku gksxkA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—lsok esa]

LokLF; vf/kdkjh]

vkxjk uxj fuxe]

vkxjkA

fo"k; % is;ty leL;k

egksn;]

eSa vkidk /;ku izseuxj ’kkgxat {ks= ds is;ty ladV dh vksj vkdf"kZr djuk pkgrk gw¡A dbZ eghus lsbl {ks= esa ikuh dh ek=k vR;Ur de gSA lqcg vkSj lk;adky eqf’dy ls ,d&,d ?kaVk uyksa esa ikuhvkrk gSA brus de le; esa lHkh ds fy, i;kZIr ty dk laj{k.k ugha gks ikrkA ikuh ds fcuk gekjk thoudfBu gks x;k gSA

vkils fuosnu gS fd ’kh?kz vfr ’kh?kz is;ty ds bl ladV dk lek/kku djsaA

l/kU;okn

Hkonh;

jkethyky]

iz/kku] eksgYyk lq/kkj lfefr

izsseuxj] ’kkgxat vkxjkA

fnukad -------------


vH;kldk;Z&57

eg¡xkbZ dh ekj vFkok eg¡xkbZ ,d leL;k

(10 vad)

orZeku le; esa fuEu e/; oxZ eg¡xkbZ dh leL;k ls =Lr gSA eg¡xkbZ Hkh ,slh] tks #dus dk uke ugha ysrh] ;grks lqjlk ds eq[k dh rjg c<+rh gh pyh tk jgh gSA ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd ljdkj dk eg¡xkbZ ij dksbZ fu;a=.k jg ghugha x;k gSA

eg¡xkbZ vFkok ewY;o‘f… dk lh/kk lEcU/k vFkZO;oLFkk ls tqM+k gqvk gSA fodkl’khy ns’kksa ds ikl /ku dk vHkkogS vkSj turk viuh vk; esa o‘f… pkgrh gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i eqæk dk QSyko c<+rk gSA nke lwpd flDds dh dher?kV tkrh gS vkSj eg¡xkbZ mlh vuqikr esa c<+ tkrh gSA tc eg¡xkbZ ;k ewY;&o‘f… fu;a=.k ls ckgj gks tkrh gS] rc ;gleL;k dk :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gSA

eg¡xkbZ c<+us ds dbZ dkj.k gSa—mRiknu esa deh rFkk ek¡x esa o‘f… eg¡xkbZ dk izeq[k dkj.k gSA dHkh&dHkh lw[kk]ck<+ rFkk vfro‘f"V tSls izkˇfrd izdksi Hkh mRiknu dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA oLrqvksa dh tek[kksjh Hkh eg¡xkbZ c<+us dkizeq[k dkj.k gSA dkykcktkjh] nks"kiw.kZ forj.k iz.kkyh rFkk va/kk/kq/k equkQk[kksjh dh izo‘fÙk Hkh eg¡xkbZ rFkk Hkz"Vkpkj dsizeq[k dkj.k gSaA ljdkjh vadq’k dk vizHkkoh gksuk Hkh eg¡xkbZ vkSj tek[kksjh dks c<+kok nsrk gSA

bl tkuysok eg¡xkbZ us vke ukxfjdksa dh dej rksM+dj j[k nh gSA vc mls nks twu dh jksVh tqVkuk rd dfBugks x;k gSA ikSf"Vd vkgkj dk feyuk rks vkSj Hkh dfBu gks x;k gSA vkokl leL;k ij Hkh eg¡xkbZ dh ekj iM+h gSAeg¡xkbZ c<+us dk ,d dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd gekjh vko’;drk,¡ rsth ls c<+rh pyh tk jgh gSaA viuh vko’;drkvksa dhiwfrZ ds fy, ge fdlh Hkh nke ij oLrq [kjhn ysrs gSaA blls tek[kksjh vkSj eg¡xkbZ dks c<+kok feyrk gSA eg¡xkbZ dkslkekU; O;fDr dh vk; ds lUnHkZ esa ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A eg¡xkbZ ds fy, va/kk/kqa/k c<+rh tula[;k Hkh mÙkjnk;h gSA blij Hkh fu;a=.k djuk gksxkA

bl c<+rh gqbZ eg¡xkbZ dks jksddj gh gekjs ns’k dk dY;k.k gks ldrk gSA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—fiz; lat;]

’kqHkk’kh"k]

cgqr c/kkbZ gks! eq>s irk pyk gS fd rqe vius fo|ky; esa vk;ksftr okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk esa izFke vk,gksA rqeus lpeqp deky dj fn;k gSA oSls rks rqe blds loZFkk ;ksX; gksA rqEgkjs vUnj bruh izfrHkk vkSj;ksX;rk gS fd rqe dksbZ Hkh Hkk"k.k izfr;ksfxrk thr ldrs gksA rqe ij ek¡ ljLorh dh ˇik gSA esjh vksjls cgqr&cgqr c/kkbZA bZ’oj djs] rqe vkxs Hkh blh izdkj dh lQyrk ikrs jgksA

rqEgkjk fiz; fe=A

jktho


vH;kldk;Z&58

foKkiuksa ls f?kjk ekuo thou vFkok foKkiu vkSj gekjk thou

(10 vad)

fdlh Hkh oLrq] O;fDr ;k fopkj ds izpkj&izlkj dks foKkiu dgrs gSaA foKkiu dk mís’; izpkj&izlkj djukgksrk gSA tks foKkiu Jksrk] ikBd ;k miHkksDrk ds eu ij ftruh xgjh Nki NksM+ ikrk gS] og mruk gh izHkkoh foKkiudgykrk gSA

foKkiuksa dk lalkj cgqr foLr‘r gSA lokZf/kd foKkiu oLrqvksa ds gksrs gSaA lkcqu] rsy] diM+s] dEI;wVj] Vh-oh-vkfn ds foKkiu O;kikfjd foKkiu dgykrs gSaA lkekftd&/kkfeZd foKkiuksa esa lkekftd dk;ZØeksa] egkiq#"kksa] ;Kksa]lekjksgksa] dfo&lEesyuksa vkfn ds foKkiu vkrs gSaA ’kSf{kd foKkiuksa esa iqLrdksa] i=&if=dkvksa] dksfpax d{kkvksa]fo|ky;ksa vkfn ds foKkiu vkrs gSaA buds vfrfjDr ljdkjh lwpukvksa] funsZ’kksa] fu;qfDr;ksa] fookg vkfn ds vusdfoKkiu gksrs gSaA

fu.kZ; dks izHkkfor djus esa foKkiu dh cM+h Hkwfedk gSA foKkiu iu?kV dh ml jLlh ds leku gksrs gSa tksdBksj&ls&dBksj iRFkj ij Hkh fu’kku Mky nsrh gSA gekjh lkjh fnup;kZ foKkiuksa ls izHkkfor gksrh gSA ge nqdku ij uedek¡xrs gSa—VkVk dk] isLV ek¡xrs gSa—dksyxsV dk] lkcqu ek¡xrs gSa—yDl dk] ’ksfoax Øhe ek¡xrs gSa—ikeksfyo dh]fljnnZ dh xksyh ek¡xrs gSa—,ukflu ;k lsfjMkuA tjk iwNsa—D;ksa \ D;ksafd gekjs jsfM;ks] Vh-oh-] lekpkj&i= fnu esackj&ckj bUgha dh jV yxk;s jgrs gSaA ;s gekjs fnyks&fnekx ij bl rjg gkoh gks tkrs gSa fd ge nqdkunkj ls pkgs&vupkgsbUgha dh ek¡x dj cSBrs gSaA

foKkiuksa dk lalkj cM+k ek;koh gSA ;gk¡ dq:i vkSj HkkSaM+s yksxksa ds Hkh vfr lqUnj fp= is’k fd;s tkrs gSaA buds}kjk csdkj lkexzh dks cgqr izHkko’kkyh cukdj izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA Vh-oh- rks fp=ksa] ’kCnksa vkSj laoknksa ds ek/;e lscgqr cM+k Hkzetky QSyk nsrk gS] ekuks ,d g¶rs esa dksbZ Hkh QjkZVsnkj vaxzsth cksyuk lh[k ysxkA ,d eghus esa xats dscky mx tk;saxsA nks eghus esa dksbZ fBXxk rkM+ dk isM+ gks tk,¡xkA vkfn&vkfnA ,sls Hkzked foKkiuksa ij rqjUr jksd yxuhpkfg,A ljdkj dks foKkiuksa dh lR;rk dh tk¡p vo’; djuh pkfg, vkSj >wBs foKkiunkrkvksa ij dBksj tqekZuk Bksdukpkfg,A

ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd vf/kdrj foKkiu elkysnkj gksrs gSaA muesa uaxsiu dk] yM+fd;ksa dh ’kks[k vnkvksa dk rFkkvkifÙktud lk/kuksa dk nq#i;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd chM+h ds foKkiu ij Hkh yM+fd;k¡ Nkih tkrh gSaAfoKkiunkrkvksa dks pkfg, fd os vius yksHk esa lekt dks xM~<s esa u fxjk,¡A os lkekftd e;kZnkvksa dk iwjk [;ky j[ksaA

foKkiu æqr izpkj&izlkj ds fy, lsuk dk dke djrs gSaA budk mi;ksx gSA bUgsa HkykbZ vkSj ykHk ds fy, [kwcdke esa ykuk pkfg,] fdUrq muds ve;kZfnr mi;ksx ij jksd yxuh pkfg,A

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—lsok esa]

eq[; izcU/kd]

gfj;k.kk jkT; ifjogu]

vackyk

egksn;]

fuosnu gS fd eSa t;iqj dk fuoklh gw¡A eSa gfj;k.kk jkT; dh cl lsok dk dk;y gw¡A vkidhcl&O;oLFkk cgqr dq’ky] pqLr&nq#Lr vkSj xfr’khy gSA fiNys fnuksa eSaus vkids ,d cl pkyd dk,slk laosnu’khy vkSj mnkj O;ogkj ns[kk fd eSa mudk iz’kald gks x;k gw¡A


t;iqj ls ikuhir tkus okyh cl dk pkyd jkeohj flag cl pyk jgk FkkA jkLrs esa gekjs lkeus ,dLdwVj vkSj V“d dh VDdj gks xbZA LdwVj&lokj ygwyqgku lM+d ij iM+k FkkA lHkh okgu mls rM+irkNksM+dj vius&vius jkLrs ij tk jgs FksA rc jkeohj flag us cl jksdhA mlus vius daMDVj rFkk dqN;kf=;ksa dh lgk;rk ls ?kk;y ;k=h dks cl esa cSBk;k rFkk jkLrs esa iM+us okys V“ksek lsaVj esa NksM+ fn;kAeq>s irk ugha fd og ;k=h thfor cpk ;k ugha] ijUrq vkids M“kboj o daMDVj us mldh izk.k&j{kk djusesa dksbZ Hkh dlj ugha NksM+hA esa mlds ,sls ekuoh; vkSj mnkj O;ogkj dh iz’kalk djrk gw¡A vkids foHkkxls fuosnu djrk gw¡ fd mls lkoZtfud :i ls lEekfur fd;k tk, rkfd vkSjksa dks Hkh izsj.kk feysA

Hkonh;

uouhr yky]

335, xk¡/kh uxj]

t;iqj

fnukad -------------

vH;kldk;Z&59

eksckby Qksu dk c<+rk pyu(10 vad)

vkt ls dqN o"kZ igys D;k geus dHkh dYiuk Hkh dh Fkh fd ge Qksu gkFk esa ysdj ?kwesaxsA gekjh VsDuksykWthbruh rsth ls vkxs c<+ jgh gS fd iyd >idrs gh foKku dk ,d u;k vn~Hkqr ojnku gekjs lkeus gksrk gSA

eksckby Qksu Hkh ,slk gh ,d ojnku gS tks cgqtu fgrk; cgqtu lq[kk; gSA vkt gj O;fDr ds gkFk esa bls ns[kktk ldrk gS—gks Hkh D;ksa u] ;g gS gh bruk ykHknk;dA

;g Qksu vusd lqfo/kk,¡ Hkh nsrk gSA rjg&rjg ds [ksy] dSydqysVj] Qksucqd dh lqfo/kk] lekpkj] ;s rks vkelqfo/kk,¡ gSaA ,l-,e-,l- lcls vf/kd lLrk lk/ku gSA ns’k&fons’k dgha Hkh Hksft, vkSj viuk lans’k igq¡pkb,A bldsvykok ,l-,e-,l- ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkh Hkkx fy;k tk ldrk gSA vc rks izfr;ksfx;ksa ds HkkX; dkQSlyk Hkh turk ds gkFk esa gSA ftruk xqM+ Mkfy,] mruk ehBk gksxkA pkfg, rks dSejk yhft,A bZ&esy dh lqfo/kk izkIrdhft, vkSj Hkh u tkusa D;k&D;k \

iz’u ;g gksrk gS fd vxj bruk ykHkdkjh gS rks fQj fo|ky; esa v/;kid ukjkt D;ksa gksrs gSa \ bl ij jksd D;ksayxkrs gSa \ ;g nks"k eksckby dk ugha] bldk iz;ksx djus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk gS tks fcuk lksps&le>s bldk nq#i;ksxdjus yxrs gSa vkSj ;g ykHk nsus ds LFkku ij gkfudkjd gks tkrk gSA

eksckby dk lcls cM+k nks"k rks ;g gS fd ;g le; csle; ;gk¡—ogk¡ ctrk gh jgrk gSA xkM+h pykrs le;eksckby ij ckr djuk vlqjf{kr gh ugha] dkuwuu vijk/k Hkh gSA

fu"d"kZ—;fn ge bldk mi;ksx Hkyh&Hkk¡fr lcds fgr esa dj ldsa rks ;g vU; vkfo"dkjksa dh rjg gekjs fy,mi;ksxh fl… gksxkA vc le; vk x;k gS fd bls ojnku ekusa vkSj vfHk’kki ds :i esa u cny nsaA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—31, ch] jktkSjh xkMZu]

ubZ fnYyhA

fnukad ......................

fiz; ujs’k

dy gh firkth dk i= izkIr gqvkA i<+dj vR;Ur nq%[k gqvk fd rqe viuk lkjk le; i<+us dh vis{kkvius nksLrksa ds lkFk xIisa ekjus vkSj eVjx’rh esa u"V dj jgs gksA


fiz; HkkbZ] ;fn rqEgkjk ;gh gky jgk rks rqEgkjs lEcU/k esa firkth }kjk ns[ks x;s lkjs lius fc[kj tk;saxsAos rqEgsa i<+k&fy[kkdj ,d cM+k O;fDr cukuk pkgrs gSaA rqEgsa le; u"V u djds eu yxkdj i<+ukpkfg, rkfd rqe ijh{kk esa vPNs vad izkIr dj ldksA rqe vkt ls gh v/;;u esa tqV tkvksA rqEgkjk euyxkdj i<+uk gh rqEgkjs mTtoy Hkfo"; dh vk/kkjf’kyk gSA

eq>s vk’kk gS fd vc rqe eu yxkdj i<+ksxs vkSj Hkfo"; esa firkth dks f’kdk;r dk volj ugha nksxsA

firkth] ekrkth dks pj.k&Li’kZA

rqEgkjk vxzt

izoh.k dqekj

vH;kldk;Z&60

xzkE; thou vFkok Hkkjr ds xk¡o

(10 vad)

Hkkjr dh 70% tula[;k turk xk¡oksa esa jgrh gSA Hkkjr dh lPph rLohj xk¡oksa esa gh ns[kh tk ldrh gSA gekjsdfo;ksa us xk¡oksa ds vR;Ur yqHkkous fp= [khaps gSaA fdlh us mUgsa Hkkjr dh vkRek dgk rks fdlh us ns’k dk ân;&LianuA

Hkkjr ds xk¡o izˇfr ds >wys gSaA gjs&Hkjs [ksr] >werh ljlksa] cjlrk lkou] [kqyh gok] lqxaf/kr gok ds >ksads]funksZ"k okrkoj.k] iznw"k.k ls eqDr jgu&lgu] ’kkar euksje] ‰rq&pØ] dwdrh dks;y] ukprs eksj] /ku&/kkU; ls Hkjs[ksr&[kfygku—;g gS xk¡o dk euksje n‘’;A bu ckrksa dks ns[kdj izR;sd O;fDr dk eu xk¡oksa esa clus dks djrk gSA

xk¡oksa dk lkekftd vkSj lkaLˇfrd thou Hkh vR;Ur euksgkjh gSA ;gk¡ ds fuoklh LoHkko ls ljy&ân;] HkksysvkSj e/kqj gksrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd os izˇfr dh gj y; ij ukprs&xkrs vkSj xquxqukrs gSaA gksyh] nhikoyh] rht vkSjR;ksgkjksa ij xzkeokfl;ksa dh eLrh ns[kus ;ksX; gksrh gSA

xzkeoklh HkkbZ&pkjs ds vVwV ca/ku ls c¡/ks gksrs gSaA blfy, os ,d&nwljs ds lq[k&nq%[k esa c<+&p<+dj fgLlk ysrsgSaA ;gk¡ dh lkekftd ijEijk,¡ Hkh cgqr j¡xhyh gSa—fookg dh jLesa] fonk ds {k.k xzkeokfl;ksa dh Hkkoqdrk dks izdVdjrs gSaA

xzkeh.k thou ifjJe dk izrhd gSA ;gk¡ fudEes] fuBYys] O;fDr dk D;k dke \ ;gk¡ ds ifjJeh fdlku lkjsns’k ds fy, vUu mitkrs gSa vkSj etnwj yksx cM+s&cM+s Hkou] ck¡/k] lM+d] oL=&m|ksx vkfn dks pykus esa viuh lkjhrkdr yxk nsrs gSaA

Hkkjr ds xk¡o cgqr lqUnj gksrs gq, Hkh izxfr dh n‘f"V ls fiNM+s gq, gSaA ;gk¡ lM+dsa] LoPN ty] oSKkfudlq[k&lk/ku] lapkj O;oLFkk] fodflr cktkj] f’k{kky; vkSj fpfdRlky; ugha gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd lkjh lqUnjrk dsgksrs gq, Hkh os misf{kr gSaA xk¡oksa dks ’kgjksa tSlk lqUnj cukus dh fpUrk fdlh dks ugha gSA

lkSHkkX; ls vkt xzkeh.k turk tkx mBh gSA xzkeh.k iztk us ;g vkokt mBk nh gS fd ns’k dh izxfr dk dsUæ vcxk¡o gksuk pkfg,A dsUæh; ljdkj us xk¡oksa dh le‘f… ij i;kZIr jkf’k yxkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA ;g ’kqHkfp˚ gSA vk’kkgS] ’kh?kz gh xk¡oksa dh /kjrh oSKkfud lq[k&lk/ku vkSj mUur lqfo/kkvksa ls lEiUu gksdj LofxZd cu tk;sxhA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—ijh{kk Hkou

ubZ fnYyhA

fiz; fe= latho

lizse ueLrsA

vk’kk gS rqEgkjk fo|ky; xzh"ekodk’k ds fy, 11 ebZ ls cUn gks jgk gksxkA rqEgsa Lej.k gksxk fd xr o"kZrqeus ;g xzh"ekodk’k lkFk&lkFk fcrkus dk oknk fd;k FkkA eSa viuk fuea=.k iqu% nksgjkrk gw¡A


twu ekl esa ge ,d lIrkg ds fy, elwjh tk jgs gSaA ogk¡ jgus dh O;oLFkk gks xbZ gSA rqe viuh Lohˇfr’kh?kz Hkstks rkfd rqEgkjs fVdV dk izcU/k Hkh fd;k tk ldsA ogk¡ ge [kwc ekSt&eLrh djsaxsA vk’kk gS rqe’kh?kz ;gk¡ vkus dk dk;ZØe cukdj eq>s lwfpr djksxsA

rqEgkjk fiz; fe=

ujsUæ

vH;kldk;Z&61

;qokvksa esa c<+rh u’kk[kksjhµleL;k vkSj lek/kku

(10 vad)

euq"; }kjk eknd æO;ksa dk lsou djuk dksbZ ubZ ckr ugha gSA mldh ;g izo‘fÙk gtkjksa o"kZ iqjkuh gSA bldk izek.k;g gS fd izkphu xzUFkksa esa ^lkse* vkSj ^lqjk* dk mYys[k feyrk gSA osn&iqjk.k Hkh bl ckr dh iqf"V djrs gSa fd bldkiz;ksx le;≤ ij yksxksa }kjk fd;k tkrk Fkk tks mYyklo/kZu djus ds lkFk&lkFk >xM+s dk Hkh dkj.k cu tkrk FkkAvkt ;qok oxZ Hkh blds lsou ls Lo;a dks cpk ugha ik;k gSA

ekuo us T;ksa&T;ksa lH;rk dh vksj dne c<+k, og fur ubZ [kkstsa djrk x;kA blesa (u’ks dh [kkst esa) foKkudk fo’ks"k ;ksxnku gSA ’kq: esa ,slh oLrqvksa dk iz;ksx nnZ fuokj.k] mYyklo…Zd rFkk fo’ks"k voljksa ij gh fd;k tkrkFkk] ij vkt vke vkneh Hkh bldk lsou djus yxk gSA fo’ks"kr% ;qok oxZ blds lsou dks viuh ’kku esa o‘f… le>rsgSaA vkt ;qokoxZ pksjh&fNis] ikfVZ;ksa esa ;k fe=ksa ds lkFk eknd æO; dk lsou djus yxk gS vkSj /khjs&/khjs mldh fxj¶resa vkus yxk gSA

dqN le; iwoZ rd ftu eknd æO;ksa dk lsou dqN gh yksx djrs Fks rFkk vf/kdka’k yksx mlls nwj jgrs Fks] mUghaeknd inkFkks– dk lsou ;qok cM+s ’kkSd ls djrs gSaA tks ;qok bldk lsou yEcs le; ls dj jgs gSa os blds fcuk ugha jgikrsA ,sls inkFkks– dk lsou djuk mudh vknr cu pqdh gSA nq%[k dh ckr rks ;g gS fd vc rks ;qofr;k¡ Hkh bldh pisVesa vkus yxh gSaA

buds lsou ls O;fDr Lo;a dks lq[kn fLFkfr esa eglwl djrk gS] fdUrq bldk vlj [kRe gksus ij og vthc&lhcspSuh vkSj ihM+k vuqHko djrk gSA

;qokoxZ dks ;g tku ysuk pkfg, fd ’kkSd vkSj ekSt ds fy, viuk, x;s bu eknd æO;ksa ds yxkrkj ysus dhvknr cuus ls igys NksM+ nsuk pkfg,A blds fy, mUgsa Lotkx:drk ykuh gksxhA eknd æO;ksa dk lsou O;fDr] lekt]jk"V“ vkSj fo’o lHkh ds fy, gkfuizn gSA vr% bldk R;kx djosG buls nwj jgus esa gh ;qokoxZ vkSj lHkh dh HkykbZ gSA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—ijh{kk Hkou

ubZ fnYyh

fiz; fe= uanuh

lizse ueLrsA

vk’kk gS vkidk fo|ky; xzh"ekodk’k ds fy, 11 ebZ ls cUn gks jgk gksxkA vkidks Lej.k gksxk fdxro"kZ vkius ;g xzh"ekodk’k lkFk&lkFk fcrkus dk oknk fd;k FkkA eSa viuk fuea=.k iqu% nksgjkrh gw¡A

twu ekl esa ge ,d lIrkg ds fy, f’keyk tk jgs gSaA ogk¡ jgus dh O;oLFkk gks xbZ gSA vki viuhLohˇfr ’kh?kz Hksft, ftlls vkidh fVdV dk Hkh izcU/k fd;k tk ldsA ogk¡ ge [kwc ekSt&eLrhdjsaxsA vk’kk gS vki ’kh?kz ;gk¡ vkus dk dk;ZØe cukdj eq>s lwfpr djksxhA

vkidh fiz; l[kh

fouhrk


vH;kldk;Z&62

xzkE; thou vFkok Hkkjr ds xk¡o

(10 vad)

Hkkjr dh 70% tula[;k turk xk¡oksa esa jgrh gSA Hkkjr dh lPph rLohj xk¡oksa esa gh ns[kh tk ldrh gSA gekjsdfo;ksa us xk¡oksa ds vR;Ur yqHkkous fp= [khaps gSaA fdlh us mUgsa Hkkjr dh vkRek dgk rks fdlh us ns’k dk ân;&LianuA

Hkkjr ds xk¡o izˇfr ds >wys gSaA gjs&Hkjs [ksr] >werh ljlksa] cjlrk lkou] [kqyh gok] lqxaf/kr gok ds >ksads]funksZ"k okrkoj.k] iznw"k.k ls eqDr jgu&lgu] ’kkar euksje] ‰rq&pØ] dwdrh dks;y] ukprs eksj] /ku&/kkU; ls Hkjs[ksr&[kfygku—;g gS xk¡o dk euksje n‘’;A bu ckrksa dks ns[kdj izR;sd O;fDr dk eu xk¡oksa esa clus dks djrk gSA

xk¡oksa dk lkekftd vkSj lkaLˇfrd thou Hkh vR;Ur euksgkjh gSA ;gk¡ ds fuoklh LoHkko ls ljy&ân;] HkksysvkSj e/kqj gksrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd os izˇfr dh gj y; ij ukprs&xkrs vkSj xquxqukrs gSaA gksyh] nhikoyh] rht vkSjR;ksgkjksa ij xzkeokfl;ksa dh eLrh ns[kus ;ksX; gksrh gSA

xzkeoklh HkkbZ&pkjs ds vVwV ca/ku ls c¡/ks gksrs gSaA blfy, os ,d&nwljs ds lq[k&nq%[k esa c<+&p<+dj fgLlk ysrsgSaA ;gk¡ dh lkekftd ijEijk,¡ Hkh cgqr j¡xhyh gSa—fookg dh jLesa] fonk ds {k.k xzkeokfl;ksa dh Hkkoqdrk dks izdVdjrs gSaA

xzkeh.k thou ifjJe dk izrhd gSA ;gk¡ fudEes] fuBYys] O;fDr dk D;k dke \ ;gk¡ ds ifjJeh fdlku lkjsns’k ds fy, vUu mitkrs gSaA vkSj etnwj yksx cM+s&cM+s Hkou] ck¡/k] lM+d] oL=&m|ksx vkfn dks pykus esa viuh lkjhrkdr yxk nsrs gSaA

Hkkjr ds xk¡o cgqr lqUnj gksrs gq, Hkh izxfr dh n‘f"V ls fiNM+s gq, gSaA ;gk¡ lM+dsa] LoPN ty] oSKkfudlq[k&lk/ku] lapkj O;oLFkk] fodflr cktkj] f’k{kky; vkSj fpfdRlky; ugha gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd lkjh lqUnjrk dsgksrs gq, Hkh os misf{kr gSaA xk¡oksa dks ’kgjksa tSlk lqUnj cukus dh fpUrk fdlh dks ugha gSA

lkSHkkX; ls vkt xzkeh.k turk tkx mBh gSA xzkeh.k iztk us ;g vkokt mBk nh gS fd ns’k dh izxfr dk dsUæ vcxk¡o gksuk pkfg,A dsUæh; ljdkj us xk¡oksa dh le‘f… ij i;kZIr jkf’k yxkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA ;g ’kqHkfp˚ gSA vk’kkgS] ’kh?kz gh xk¡oksa dh /kjrh oSKkfud lq[k&lk/ku vkSj mUur lqfo/kkvksa ls lEiUu gksdj LofxZd cu tk;sxhA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—ijh{kk Hkou

ubZ fnYyhA

fiz; fe= latho

lizse ueLrsA

vk’kk gS rqEgkjk fo|ky; xzh"ekodk’k ds fy, 11 ebZ ls cUn gks jgk gksxkA rqEgsa Lej.k gksxk fd xr o"kZrqeus ;g xzh"ekodk’k lkFk&lkFk fcrkus dk oknk fd;k FkkA eSa viuk fu;a=.k iqu% nksgjkrk gw¡A

twu ekl esa ge ,d lIrkg ds fy, elwjh tk jgs gSaA ogk¡ jgus dh O;oLFkk gks xbZ gSA rqe viuh Lohˇfr’kh?kz Hkstks rkfd rqEgsa fVdV dk izcU/k Hkh fd;k tk ldsA ogk¡ ge [kwc ekSt&eLrh djsaxsA vk’kk gS rqe’kh?kz ;gk¡ vkus dk dk;ZØe cukdj eq>s lwfpr djksxsA

rqEgkjk fiz; fe=

ujsUæ


fucU/k o izfrosnu ys[ku

vH;kldk;Z&63

izfrosnu ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—dy fnukad ................. dks la/;k ds le; dqN vKkr ;qodksa us vkn’kZ uxj ds ikdZ ls N% o"khZ;dU;k dk vigj.k dj fy;k FkkA dqN gh ?k.Vksa ckn ml dU;k dh yk’k ikoZG esa iM+h feyhA bl ngyknsus okyh ?kVuk ij jks"k O;Dr djus ds fy, vkn’kZ uxj ds lEekfur@izfrf"Br ukxfjd] uxj dh dbZlaLFkkvksa ds izfrfuf/k bdV~Bs gq, rFkk uxj dh dkuwu&O;oLFkk ij fpUrk O;Dr dhA tks’k vkSj jks"k ls Hkjhbl cSBd esa fu’p; fd;k x;k gS fd—

(i) vf/kd ls vf/kd la[;k esa uxj ds cktkjksa ls gksrs gq, fo’kky tqywl fudkys tk,¡A

(ii) uxj dh nqdkusa rFkk O;kolkf;d izfr"Bku cUn j[ks tk,¡A

(iii) vijkf/k;ksa dks idM+us vkSj nf.Mr djkus ds fy, iz’kklu ij ncko cuk;k tk,A

(iv) e‘rdk ds lEcfU/k;ksa us U;k; dh xqgkj djrs gq, jktuhfrd nyksa ls izkFkZuk dh fd os bl ekeys esajktuhfrd nko&isap dks nwj j[ksaA

fucU/k ys[ku

iznw"k.k % vk/kqfud ;qx dk vfHk’kki vFkok iznw"k.k % ,d leL;k (10 vad)

leLr tho/kkfj;ksa dk thou i;kZoj.k ij fuHkZj gSA tho dk thou] mldh ’kfDr ,oa mldk fodkl i;kZoj.kdh xksn esa gh fodflr gksrk gSA izˇfr vkSj i;kZoj.k gesa fojklr esa feyk gSA

ewy :i esa c<+rh gqbZ tula[;k i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k dh eq[; leL;k gSA i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k vkt fofHkUu :iksa esalkeus vk jgk gSA ftuesa izeq[k gSa—Hkwfe iznw"k.k] ok;q iznw"k.k] ty iznw"k.k] /ofu iznw"k.k vkfnA Hkwfe iznw"k.k ds eq[; dkj.kck¡/k vkSj gekjs vR;f/kd ek=k esa jklk;fud moZjdksa dk iz;ksx gSA ck¡/kksa ds dkj.k Hkwfe dk vi{k; gksrk gSA dydkj[kkus] eksVj&LdwVj] jsysa] clsa fnu&jkr /kq,¡ ds cknyksa ds :i esa ok;q iznw"k.k djrs gSaA dkcZu Mkb&vkWDlkbM]Dyksjks&¶yksjks dkcZu] eksuks vkWDlkbM dk izHkko euq"; gh ugha oju~ i’kq&if{k;ksa ij Hkh iM+ jgk gSA ijkcSaxuh fdj.ksa dSaljtSls Hk;adj jksxksa dks tUe ns jgh gSaA ’kq… ok;q v’kq… gksrh tk jgh gSA

vkS|ksxhdj.k us ty&iznw"k.k esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA phuh] diM+k] twV] jlk;u vkfn m|ksxksa dk lkjkdpjk ufn;ksa vkSj tyk’k;ksa ds ty dks fujUrj iznwf"kr dj jgk gSA iznwf"kr ty ihus ds dkj.k chekfj;ksa esa c<+ksÙkjh gks jghgSA /ofu iznw"k.k us gekjs i;kZoj.k ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkyk gSA vkS|ksxhdj.k ,oa e’khuhdj.k /ofu iznw"k.k ds eq[;dkj.k gSaA /kkfeZd laLdkj] R;kSgkj ,oa ykmMLihdj vkfn Hkh /ofu iznw"k.k ds foLrkj esa lgk;d gSaA 40 ls 50 Mslhcyrd dh lkekU; /ofu lhek 110 Mslhcy rd igq¡p xbZ gSA

Hkwfe iznw"k.k dks jksdus ds fy, gesa vuko’;d ck¡/kksa ds fuekZ.k] ouksa dh dVkbZ rFkk jklk;fud moZjdksa dsvfr’k; iz;ksxksa ij jksd yxkuh pkfg,A ty iznw"k.k dks jksdus ds fy, vko’;d gS fd m|ksxksa esa iz;qDr nwf"kr ty dkslh/ks ufn;ksa] tyk’k;ksa esa u NksM+k tk,A ok;q iznw"k.k dks jksdus ds fy, vko’;d gS fd m|ksxksa dh fpefu;ksa ij ,slsfQYVj yxk, tk, tks /kq,¡ vkfn iznw"k.kdkjh rRoksa dks ok;qe.My esa u feyus nsaA i;kZoj.k iznw"k.k ds eq[; dkj.k—c<+rh gqbZ tula[;k ij ’kh?kz vadq’k yxk;k tk,A

;fn le; jgrs ge i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, ltx ugha gq, rks fuf’pr gh ekuo dk vfLrRo ladV esa iM+tk,xkA


vH;kldk;Z&64

eu ds gkjs gkj gS] eu ds thrs thr(10 vad)

eu cgqr cyoku gSA ’kjhj dh lc fØ;k,¡ eu ij gh fuHkZj djrh gSaA ;fn eu esa ’kfDr] mRlkg vkSj meax gS rks’kjhj Hkh rsth ls dk;Z djrk gSA vr% O;fDr dh gkj&thr mlds eu dh nqcZyrk&lcyrk ij fuHkZj gSA

;fn eu esa n‘<+ ladYi gks rks nqfu;k dk dksbZ ladV O;fDr dks jksd ugha ldrkA ladYioku O;fDr fo"keifjfLFkfr;ksa ls Hkh jkLrk fudky ysrk gSA

fdlh Hkh dk;Z esa lQyrk izkIr djus ds fy, O;fDr ds eu esa n‘<+rk dk gksuk t:jh gSA xqykeh vkSj vkrad dsokrkoj.k esa ØkfUrdkjh fdl izdkj foæksg dk fcxqy ctk ysrs gSa \ og dkSu&lk cy Fkk] ftlds vk/kkj ij eqV~BhHkjgfM~M;ksa okys egkRek xk¡/kh fo’o&fot;h vaxzstksa dks ns’k ls ckgj dj ldsA fu’p; gh ;g Fkh—eu dh lcyrkA

eu dh lcyrk ds fy, lR;] U;k; vkSj dY;k.k ds Hkko dk gksuk t:jh gSA ftlds eu esa lR; dh ’kfDr ughagS] tks U;k; ds i{k esa ugha gS] mlds eu esa rst ugha vk ikrkA vuqfpr dk;Z djus okyk O;fDr vk/kk eu ;w¡ gh gkj cSBcSBrk gSA mlds eu esa ,d fNik gqvk psgjk gksrk gS tks dHkh lQy ugha gksus nsrkA

eu dh fLFkjrk] n‘<+rk vkSj /khjrk ,sls xq.k gSa tks O;fDr dks fot; dh vksj vxzlj djrs gSaA ladVksa dh ck<+ esatks cg tkrs gSa] jksus&fpYykus yxrs gSa] os dk;jksa&lk thou thrs gq, u"V gks tkrs gSaA deZoku~ ;qod dk /keZ rks dfo ds’kCnksa esa ,slk gksuk pkfg,—

tc uko ty es a Nk sM + nhr wQku gh es a ek sM + nhns nh pqukSrh fla/kq dksfQj /kkj D;k e¡>/kkj D;k \

izfrosnu ys[ku

fo|ky; esa jDrnku f’kfoj vk;ksftr (5 vad)

mÙkj—fnukad 18 Qjojh] ............. dh fo|ky; ds gkWy esa jsM ØkWl lkslk;Vh }kjk jDrnku f’kfoj dkvk;kstu fd;k x;kA izkpk;Z Jh ,l-,u- f=ikBh us Lo;a jDrnku dj lHkh ds lkeus mnkgj.k izLrqrfd;kA mUgksaus jDrnku ds ckjs esa Nk=&Nk=kvksa dks crk;k fd muds jDr ls fdlh dks u;k thou feyldrk gSA vŁ;kid Jh mes’k dqekj] Jh izse Lo:i vkSj v/;kfidk Jherh lqeuyrk us Hkh jDrnkufd;kA cgqr ls Nk=&Nk=kvksa us Hkh bl egknku esa Hkkx fy;kA ;g f’kfoj iwjs fnu pyrk jgkA lkslk;Vhds vf/kdkfj;ksa us lHkh jDrnku djus okys dks jsM ØkWl dh vksj ls izek.k&i= forfjr fd;sA mUgksaus lHkhdks /kU;okn fd;kA

uohu

d{kk—X;kjgoha


izfrosnu o i=&ys[ku

vH;kldk;Z&65

izfronsu ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj— ijh{kk,¡ izkjEHk gksus ds fnu ijh{kk dsUæ dk ekgkSyvkt cksMZ ijh{kk izkjEHk gksus dk izFke fnu gSA uxj ds izk;% lHkh fo|ky;ksa dks ijh{kk&dsUæ cuk;k x;kgSA vr% izR;sd ijh{kk&dsUæ ij dkQh gypy gSA dsUæ O;oLFkkidksa }kjk vius fo|ky; esa ijh{kkvksads lQy ,oa lqpk# lapkyu gsrq lHkh vko’;d dne mBk, x, gSaA dejksa esa QuhZpj] izdk’k o tydh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA dejksa ds ckgj Nk=ksa ds vuqØekad dh lwph yxk nh xbZ gSA xsV ij v/;kidksadks yxk;k x;k gS rkfd os Nk=ksa dh ryk’kh ysdj gh vUnj izos’k djus nsaA Nk=ksa ds LdwVj o lkbZfdyksadks [kM+k djus ds fy, LVS.M dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA Nk= vius&vius okguksa ls vkus yxs gSaA os vkilesa ckrphr esa layXu gSaA vfHkHkkod Hkh ogk¡ mifLFkr gSaA v/;kid] Nk=ksa dks iafDr esa yxdj vUnj vkusdks dg jgs gSaA ?k.Vk ct jgk gSA Nk= tYnh esa gSaA vfHkHkkod vius&vius ikY;ksa dks NksM+dj tk jgs gSaA’kksj&xqy dk okrkoj.k gSA Nk=ksa dh pgy&igy ?k.Vs dh vkokt cUn gksrs gh ’kkar gks pqdh gSA dejksads vUnj Nk= viuh&viuh lhVksa ij cSB pqds gSa rFkk v/;kid mUgsa mÙkj&iqfLrdk o iz’u&i= forfjrdj jgs gSaA mÙkj&iqfLrdkvksa ij vius vuqØekad fo"k;] fnukad o fo|ky; dk uke fy[k pqds gSaAvŁ;kidksa ds funsZ’k ij iz’u&i= [kksydj Nk= mUgsa i<+us esa yxs gSa] d{kkvksa esa iw.kZ ’kkafr gSA izR;sd Nk=’kkfUriwoZd iz’u&gy djus esa yxk gSA d{kk v/;kid gj dejs ij viuh fuxkg yxk;s gq, gSa rkfd dksbZNk= udy u dj ldsA ;g ijh{kk dsUæ uxj dk ,d izfrf"Br dsUæ gSA vr% ;gk¡ dh O;oLFkk cM+hnq#Lr gS rFkk ekgkSy ’kkUr gSA vf/kdkjhx.k ;gk¡ dh O;oLFkk o okrkoj.k ls csgn [kq’k gSaA uxj ds vU;ijh{kk dsUæksa dh vis{kk ;gk¡ dk okrkoj.k ’kkUr gSA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—5/32, ’;ke uxj]

xkft;kckn (mÙkj izns’k)

fnukad .......................

fiz; jkgqy

dy rqEgkjs iwT; firkth ds vkdfLed fu/ku dk lekpkj feykA bl nq[kn lekpkj ij lglk fo’oklgh ugha gqvkA vHkh fiNys ekl gh rks eq>s muds n’kZu djus dk lkSHkkX; feyk FkkA rc ;g vuqeku Hkhu Fkk fd esjs fy, muls HksaV dk vfUre volj gSA

fe=! rqEgkjs ¯ij rks foifÙk dk igkM+ gh VwV iM+k gSA bl le; rqEgsa /kS;Z /kkj.k djus dh vko’;drk gSAvius NksVs HkkbZ&cguksa dks rqEgkjs lgkjs dh t:jr gSA

eSa ijefirk ijekRek ls izkFkZuk djrk gw¡ fd og iwT; firkth dh vkRek dks ’kkfUr iznku djs vkSj mUgsavius pj.kksa esa LFkku nsA ogh izHkq rqEgsa bl nk#.k nq%[k dks >syus dh ’kfDr iznku djsxkA

rqEgkjs nq%[k esa nq%[kh

’;ke oekZ


vH;kldk;Z&66


mÙkj—vkxjk fnukad ................. dks jktdh; mPprj ek/;fed fo|ky;] vkxjk dh lkaLˇfrd laLFkk^mikluk lfefr* dh ,d cSBdj nksigj 2 cts vkjEHk gqbZA bl cSBd dh v/;{krk fgUnh ds ofj"BvŁ;kid MkW- osn izdk’k ’kkL=h us dhA cSBd esa vU; mifLFkfr lnL; Fks—

vfuy esgjks=k — lfpo

vkse izdk’k frokjh — dks"kk/;{k

jkeizdk’k ’kekZ — v/;kid&lnL;

T;ksfr izlkn nhf{kr — v/;kid&lnL;

deys’k V.Mu — v/;kfidk&lnL;

dey ljhu — Nk=&lnL;

vfpZrk — Nk=k&lnL;

jkgqy lDlSuk — Nk=&lnL;

uhjtk flag — Nk=k&lnL;

bl cSBd esa bl o"kZ fo|ky; esa fd;s tkus okys dk;ZØeksa ij xgu fopkj&foe’kZ fd;k x;k rFkkfuEufyf[kr fu.kZ; fy, x,—

(i) 15 vxLr] ............ dks Hkkjr dh Lora=rk dh mulBoha o"kZxk¡B ij ns’kHkfDriw.kZ xhrksa rFkkukVdksa dk vk;kstu fd;k tk, ftlesa gj d{kk ds Nk=ksa dk izfrfuf/kRo gksA

(ii) Nk=ksa esa ns’k&izse dh Hkkouk txkus ds fy, ns’kHkfDriw.kZ xhrksa dh vaR;k{kjh izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftrdh tk;sA lEHko gks rks bldk vk;ksftr vr% fo|ky;h izfr;ksfxrk ds :i esa fd;k tk,A

(iii) i;kZoj.k&iznw"k.k ds izfr psruk tkx‘r djus ds fy, 2 vDVwcj] ............ dks Nk= fo|ky; dsckgj dh lM+d ij mxs isM+&ikS/kksa dh mfpr j{kk rFkk lkt&lTtk djsaA

(iv) bu dk;ZØeksa dh foLr‘r :ijs[kk cukus vkSj fØ;kUo;u ds fy, 23 vizSy] .............. dks vxyhcSBd dh tk;sA

(v) vijkg~u 3.30 ij cSBd lekIr gks xbZA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—lsok esa

LokLF; vf/kdkjh]

vkxjk uxj fuxe]

vkxjkA

fo"k; % is;ty leL;kegksn;]

eSa vkidk /;ku izseuxj ’kkgxat {ks= ds is;ty ladV dh vksj vkdf"kZr djuk pkgrk gw¡A dbZ eghus lsbl {ks= esa ikuh dh ek=k vR;Ur de gSA lqcg vkSj lk;adky eqf’dy ls ,d&,d ?kaVk uyksa esa ikuhvkrk gSA brus de le; esa lHkh ds fy, i;kZIr ty dk laj{k.k ugha gks ikrkA ikuh ds fcuk gekjk thoudfBu gks x;k gSA

vkils fuosnu gS fd ’kh?kz vfr ’kh?kz is;ty ds bl ladV dk lek/kku djsaA


l/kU;okn

Hkonh;

jkethyky]

iz/kku] eksgYyk lq/kkj lfefr

izseuxj] ’kkgxat vkxjkA

fnukad ------------

vH;kldk;Z&67

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—ts- 205, jkexyh] fo’okl uxj]

’kkgnjk] ubZ fnYyh

fnukad ....................

iwT; pkpkth

lknj pj.k Li’kZA

eSa ;gk¡ dq’kyiwoZd gw¡ vkSj vki lcdh dq’kyrk dh dkeuk djrk gw¡A dy iklZy }kjk vkidk Hkstk x;klqUnj eksckby Qksu izkIr gqvkA esjs tUefnu ij Hksts x, vkids bl lqUnj migkj ds fy,] /kU;oknA eSausbl lqUnj migkj dks vius lHkh fe=ksa dks Hkh fn[kk;k] mu lHkh us bldh cgqr iz’kalk dhA eSa viustUefnu dk bruk lqUnj migkj ikdj cgqr [kq’k gw¡A vki essjs tUefnu ij ugha vk lds NqfV~V;ksa esa ;gk¡vo’; vkb,xkA brus vkd"kZd migkj ds fy, iqu% ,d ckj /kU;oknA

pkphth dks lknj pj.k Li’kZ o NksVs HkkbZ dks LusgA i=ksÙkj dh ijh{kk esa—

vkidk Hkrhtk

foosd


mÙkj—Hkkjr fodkl ifj"kn~ dh vkxjk ’kk[kk us 21 tqykbZ ls 25 vxLr rFkk laLˇfr ekl euk;kA bldsvUrxZr Ldwyh ckydksa vkSj ukxfjdksa dh dbZ izfr;ksfxrk,¡ vk;ksftr dh xb–A izeq[k :i ls Hkk"k.k]dFkk&dFku] lwfDr&ys[ku] jkfxuh] ns’kHkfDr&xhr] jk"V“h; lewg xku] oUnsekrje~ xk;u] iq"i&lTtk]fp=dyk] dkWyst&yfyr ifj/kku vkfn izfr;ksfxrk,¡ lEiUu gqb–A

bu izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa 300 fo|ky;ksa ds 4,000 cPpksa us Hkkx fy;kA igys ;s izfr;ksfxrk,¡ ’kk[kk&vuqlkjdh xb–A vkxjk esa ifj"kn~ dh 20 ’kk[kk,¡ gSaA fQj [k.M ds vuqlkj izfr;ksfxrk,¡ gqb–A ;s lHkh vk;kstucM+s dq’ky] O;ofLFkr rFkk lknxhiw.kZ gq,A

Hkkjr fodkl ifj"kn~] vkxjk ds iz/kku Jh fouksn dqekj xqIrk us crk;k fd bl o"kZ ls ^oUnsekrje~*izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lrj ij gksuk vkjEHk gqvk gSA blesa vkxjk ds 1500 cPpksa usHkkx fy;kA bl izdkj ,d foLr‘r lekt esa ^oUnsekrje~* xhr dk izlkj gqvkA

jk"V“h; lewgxku izfr;ksfxrk esa dk¡Vs dh VDdj gqbZA blesa 200 fo|ky;ksa ds 1600 Nk=ksa us Hkkx fy;kAbu vk;kstuksa esa gtkjksa dk;ZdrkZvksa us lfØ; :i ls Hkkx fy;kA


vH;kldk;Z&68


mÙkj— fgUnh v/;kid Jh ˇ".kdkUr mik/;k; lsok&fuo‘ÙkebZ ekg esa fo|ky; ds fgUnh v/;kid Jh ˇ".kdkUr mik/;k; viuh 30 o"kZ dh iz’kaluh; lsok ds cknlsok&fuo‘Ùk gks x;sA os Nk=ksa esa dkQh yksdfiz; FksA fo|ky; esa muds lEeku esa fonkbZ ikVhZ dk vk;kstufd;kA 2 twu dks nksigj nks cts fo|ky; ds gkWy esa fonkbZ lekjksg ’kq: gqvkA cM+h la[;k esa fo|kFkhZvkSj v/;kidx.k mifLFkr FksA izkpk;Z us mik/;k; th ds lEeku esa fonkbZ Hkk"k.k fn;kA mUgksaus mik/;k;th ds O;fDrRo] ˇfrRo vkSj miyfC/k;ksa ij izdk’k MkykA mik/;k; th dks fo|ky; dh vksj ls Le‘frfp˚ Lo:i fo|ky; dk ekWMy HksaV fd;k x;kA v/;kidksa o fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh vksj ls Hkh mUgsa vusdmigkj fn, x,A Jh ˇ".kdkUr mik/;k; vius fonkbZ Hkk"k.k esa Hkkoqd gks mBsA mUgksaus gkFk tksM+dj lHkhdk /kU;okn fd;kA lgHkkst ds lkFk lekjksg lEiUu gks x;kA

i= ys[ku (5 vad)

mÙkj—5/21, bafnjk uxj]

y[ku¯A

fnukad ........................

iwT;uh; firkth

lknj pj.k Li’kZA

vkt gh eq>s cM+h cgu ljyk dk i= izkIr gqvkA i= i<+us ls Kkr gqvk fd ekrkth dk LokLF; Bhd ughagSA os chekj gSaA ekrkth dh chekjh dh lwpuk ikdj eq>s cM+h fpUrk gks jgh gSA vki mUgsa fdlh vPNsvLirky esa fn[kkdj mudk bykt djok,¡A muds LokLF; ds lEcU/k esa eq>s lwfpr djrs jgsaA vk’kk gSfd os ’kh?kz gh chekjh ls NqVdkjk ik ldsaxhA

jkts’k o ehuk dks I;kj rFkk ekrkth dks lknj pj.k&Li’kZA

vkidk iq=

uhjt

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