SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZESection 10-3

CAN THE WORLD PROVIDE AN ADEQUATE STANDARD OF LIVING FOR 2.5 BILLION MORE PEOPLE WITHOUT CAUSING WIDESPREAD ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE???

IS THE PLANET ALREADY OVERPOPULATED???

WHAT TYPES OF MEASURES SHOULD BE TAKEN TO CONTROL POPULATION SIZE?

SHOULD WE ENCOURAGE POPULATION GROWTH?

REGULATE POPULATION SIZE?

Declining environmental issues

1 out of 6 people do not get necessities to survive

Higher death rate

People are most valuable resource

Violation of religious beliefs

Form of genocide Stimulate economy

YES NO

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

Demographic transition– as countries become industrialized, first their death rates and then their birth rates decline

Transition takes place in 4 stages: 4 Stages

Preindustrial – when there is little population growth due to harsh living conditions High birth rate (high infant mortality rate) High death rate Little population growth

Transitional – Industrialization begins, food production rises, and health care improves High birth rate Lower death rate Populations increase

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

4 Stages continued… Industrial - Industrialization, medical advances,

& modernization become widespread Low birth rate (approaches death rate) Low death rate Population growth is slower

Postindustrial - birth rate declines further, equaling the death rate; reaching zero population growth Population size may decrease

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

Demographic trap - countries that cannot rise above the transition level for different reasons

Shortage of skilled workers Lack of financial capital Pay back debts Not receiving money from

developed countries

FAMILY PLANNING Geared toward married women Increase education & clinical services

Limiting # of kids Spacing of kids Contraception (use is up to 51% from 10% in the

60s) Health care

Thailand & Iran decreased TFR (total fertility rate) 6 to 3.1!

Reduced # of abortions (legal & illegal) Future

Include teens & unmarried women Educate men to take responsibility & importance

of fewer children

FAMILY PLANNING

Iran Used FP = TFR 7 to

2.5 Pop. Growth cut in

½ To get a marriage

license – need to take a contraception class

Increase female literacy & school enrollment

FAMILY PLANNING

Women have fewer kids if: Educated Paying job outside the home Rights not suppressed

Solution = gender equality!!

India Implemented FP but not

going well…why? Emphasis on having males Need kids to support in old

age Poverty, govt. inefficiency,

etc.

FAMILY PLANNING

China TFR 5.7 to 1.7 Why? Postpone marriage Benefits for promising to have 1 child Free sterilization, contraception, abortions Other alternative = mass starvation

WHAT CAN WE DO?

Increase FP & reproductive health care Create national population policies Improve health care Improve status of women (education & jobs) Involve men in child rearing & FP Reduce poverty Reduce consumption habits

POPULATION VIDEO CLIPS

Human Population: How does it compare to other species? http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/28/human-population-how-does_n_1064390.html

Population Growth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b98JmQ0Cc3k&feature=player_embedded

State of the Earth – Human Population http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJRbV7IsewQ&feature=player_embedded