MIXTURES, SOLUTIONS, AND SOLUBILITY Exploring non-pure substances.
Solutions and solubility ok1294992931
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Transcript of Solutions and solubility ok1294992931
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SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITIES
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TERMS
• Solution: a homogeneous mixture containing particles the size of a typical ion or covalent molecule. (0.1–2.0 nm in diameter)
• Colloid: a homogeneous mixture containing particles with diameters in the range 2–500 nm
• Suspensions are mixtures with even larger particles, but they are not considered true solutions because they separate upon standing.
• Solute: the dissolved substance in a solution• Solvent: the major component in a solution
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• A solution is saturated when no additional solute can be dissolved at a particular temperature
• A Supersaturated solution can form when more than the equilibrium amount of solute is dissolved at an elevated temperature, and then the supersaturated solution is slowly cooled.
• An Unsaturated solution is formed when more of the solute can dissolve in it at a particular temperature.
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KINDS OF SOLUTIONS
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SOLUBILITY
• The amount of solute per unit solvent required to form a saturated solution is called the solute's Solubility.
• When two liquids are completely soluble in each other they are said to be Miscible.
• Solubility is effected by Temperature. With increase in temperature solubility of most of the substances increases.
• Most gases become less soluble in water as the temperature increases.
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SOLUBILITY GRAPH OF SALTS IN WATER
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SOLUBILITY GRAPH OF GASES IN WATER
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Pressure has little effect on the solubility of liquids and solids. The solubility of gases is strongly influenced by pressure. Gases dissolve more at high pressure.
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SOLUBILITY OF COMMON IONS IN WATER
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DISSOLUTION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE IN WATER
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