Solutions

A solution has 2 parts

Solvent – the substance that does the dissolving (water)

Solute – the substance that is dissolved (kool aid)

Conductors?

Some solutions will conduct electricity– These substances are called

electrolytes– Ionic compounds are electrolytes

Nonelectrolytes

Solutes that make solutions that do not conduct electricity are called nonelectrolytes– Most organic compounds like

sugar are nonelectrolytes

Rate of Solution

This is the rate of how fast the solute is dissolved

The process of dissolving only happens at the surface of the solute

Small pieces will dissolve faster than one large piece

Solute will dissolve faster in hot solvent

Solubility

Solubility is a measure of how much of a solute that can be dissolved in a give solvent

Sugar and salt have a high solubility in water

Salt has a low solubility in alcohol

Factors of Solubility

Temperature– Higher temperatures will increase the

amount of solid solute that can dissolve

– Higher temperatures will decrease the amount of gas that can be dissolved

Pressure– Higher pressure increases the amount

of gas that will dissolve in a liquid– Pressure has no effect on dissolving a

solid or liquid in a liquid

Concentrations

Solutions with a high amount of solute are concentrated

Solutions with a low amount of solute are dilute

Solutions that contain as much solute as possible are saturated

Supersaturated solutions contain more than saturated amount