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Transcript of SoLLs.INTEC.09
SoLLs.INTEC.09
Collaborative Skills and Learning Processes in a Virtual Context
Anuratha Kanniah [email protected]
Pramela Krish [email protected]
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Introduction
• Collaborative learning interdependence of learners as they share ideas and reach a conclusion (Roberts, 2004; Anuratha, 2009)
• CSCL group based learning +computer (Daphne, 1996)
- Computer tool to put forward thought
- Learning is invisible in virtual context
Purpose of the Study
• To find out learners’ preferred collaborative skills and subskills in a virtual learning context.
• To study how the internal and external processes in an online learning mode predispose collaborative learning.
Research Questions
1) What are the preferred collaborative learning skills and subskills among the participants in the weblog?
2) How the internal and external processes predispose a collaborative discussion in a weblog?
Relevant Theories and Perspectives to
Study CSCL
Sociocultural
Constructivist
Internal & ExternalProcesses in
CSCL
Collaborative Learning &
CSCL
CollaborativeLearning
Learners work togetherto solve problems
Fosters teamwork – Interdependence of learners to handle complicated tasks.
Creates space for negotiation (Dilenbourgh,1999)- Learners produce ambiguous statement>misunderstandings>explain, justify
Helps to develop higher level thinking
CSCL
Asynchronous-e-mail-CD-ROM-Weblog
Synchronous-Chat rooms-Audio / video conferencing
•Learning takes place anytime, anywhere• free to post entries
• anonymous
Internal & ExternalProcesses
Internal Process
• thinking takes place in the individual (Piaget ,1954)eg. Construct arguments, explanation, initiating doubts
External Process
• Use of social environment to discover learning (Vygotsky, 1978)
eg. seek external
help
Sociocultural(Vygotsky)
Surrounding plays an important role
Surrounding plays and important role
Surrounding knowledgeis important in learning
Learning has only significant value in the context of joint activity
Ability to understand something complex with the help of others
Constructivist(Piaget. et.al)
How learners createmeaning out of individualmind
Knowledge is constructedby individuals Knowledge is constructed
based on previous knowledge
Mind is important tointerpret outside world
Individual mind is capableto form abstract thought andsolve problems
Research Design
Qualitative
To explore a topic where it requires researcher to listen to the participants to construct a picture based on their ideas (Creswell, 1994)
Allows researcher to seek a real world setting to understand the actual process that takes place in a situation. Patton (2001)
Sample
• 20 students from SKBI 6053, Critical Reading Approaches course (compulsory Masters program course)
• Working adults and fresh graduates
• Mixed gender population
Research Procedure
Stage 1: Data Collection
Stage 2: Data Reduction
Stage 3: Coding
Stage 4: Compression of data
Stage 5: Data Interpretation
Documentation
Easy referencing - P20 (TSH)
Simplifying the data
Tables
Use of established theories to analyse the data
Findings: Research Question 1
• Dominant Skills and Subskills in the Collaborative Learning Skill Taxonomy
Collaborative Learning Skills
Creative Conflict (59.28%)
Argue (100%)
Conversation (21.68%)
Acknowledge (52%)
Maintenance (16%)
Task (32%)
Inform (94.6%)
Active Learning (18.5%)
Request
(4.35%)
Motivate (0.96%)
- extensive evidence - constructing questions mind as an important tool to interpret information - lack of motivational aspect learners are more concern to produce constructive comments than explicitly encourage other participants.
Familiar with the topic and have sufficient background
knowledge+
Positive interdependence of learners to accept or reject
others point of view=
Joint product
- participants acknowledge others instills emotional connection and encourages continued investment and involvement
Findings: Research Question 2
Internal and External Processes in the Weblog Discussion
External Process Internal Process
Progress through Task
Dealing with Competition &
Conflict
Supportive Behavior
Constructing the
Questions
Setting up Hypothesis
Using Evidence
Monitoring Own
Thinking
Collective Mediation
Importance of Individual mind
Importance ofenvironmental competence as ameans of learning
+ =Collective mediation (a shared mediation of internal and external processes)
Collective Mediation
P1(D
YP)
P22(HVC
)
P34(MRW)
P35(HVC
)
P36(D
YP)
P37(HVC
)
P13(DWN
)
P15(HVC)
P4(MM
R)
P11(MM
R)
P3(HVC)
P1(BOH)
P31(BOH)
P32(DOD)
P31(HVC)
P34(MRW)
P36(DYP)
P37(HVC)
A Model Showing How Learning Takes Place in a CSCL Environment
Collective Mediation
• Arrows connection between the individual participants in the subgroup
• Circles Importance of individual mind to generate discussion
• Vygotsky Social nature provides necessary condition for learning
• Piaget Individuals play important role in learning
Significance of the Study• Course coordinator-Easy to construct course modules based on the findings-Should consider CSCL to enhance learner-centered environment• Academic weblog designers-Create an effective interface design-Should consider theoretical tenets (cognitive & social skills) to foster collaborative learning in virtual mode sentence openers•Students-students can understand the important of openness in learning-gives an idea that online discussion is convenient and “safe” to exchange ideas
Thank you........