SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (TKA 4201) LECTURE NOTES 7

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU

TKA 4201 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

LECTURE BY: NAZAITULSHILA RASIT

Eng. Science Dept, Faculty Science & Technology

CHAPTER 7Transfer and Transport

Means, facilities and appurtenances.Transfer of waste from small vehicles to larger vehicles and to transport them to processing centers or disposal sites.More common as the distance of landfill sites becomes greater.Most common in larger metropolitan areas.





The presence of illegal dumping and large amount of litter.The location of disposal site relatively far from collection routes.The use of small capacity collection vehicle.The existence of low density residential area.





Save time.Better haul roads for collection vehiclesGreater traffic control - avoid traffic jams/congestion. Fewer truck on the sanitary landfill haul routes - reduction ratio from 3 (trucks) :1 (transfer haul) or 5:1.Improved landfill operating efficiency - fewer trucks mean better traffic control.Lower overall haul cost - reduction in no. of drivers/crew.





Near the collection area served - to minimize collection crew time for haul to the transfer station.Accessible to major haul routes - lower transfer haul cost.Adequate land area to provide isolation - to handle traffic flow.Suitable Zoning - commercial or industrial.Served by utilities - water, sanitary sewer, storm drainage, electricity.





1. Pit (Lubang):

Collection vehicles unloaded wastes into a large pit.

Wastes are then pushed to an open-top transfer trailer by a tractor.

The pit - as storage during peak periods.

Compaction of bulk items made by the tractor in the pit.





2. Direct Dump:

Collection vehicles dump directly into open-top transfer trailer.

Large hoppers direct the waste into the transfer trailers.

Very large transfer trailers are used (due to minimal compaction).

Efficient - no intermediate handling required (direct from vehicle to transfer trailer).





3. Compaction (Pemadatan): i) Hopper (Corong tuang) type compaction

station : waste drop by gravity into a compactor - packs the waste into the trailers.

ii) Push pit (lubang) compactor station: a large

hydraulically operated blade moves the waste to the stationary packer - then packs the waste into the trailers.





Option Advantages Disadvantages

Pit, Open-top Trailer Collection vehicle unload directly into a large pit.Tractor with dozer organizes the waste & pushes loads into open

top transfer trailers

Reduced transfer time (coll.veh. unload while loading & transfer operations still going on) ·

Pit serves as a storage · Efficient system for high volumes of waste.

Can separate recyclables

Requires 3-level facility (considerable amount of site work & capital investment






Direct dump, open-top trailer Collection vehicle dump loads directly into open-top trailers via large hoppers.

Can be used to distribute the waste in trailer. No intermediate handling of the waste.Increasing efficiency.No complicated equipment involved .

May req. separate trailer-packing machines (in case of large uncompacted wst) Required additional tipping floor/storage space.






Hopper-type Compaction Waste is gravity-fed via hopper into stationary compactors that compacts the waste before or while entering the trailer ·

Efficient for small capacity demand. If compactor fails, no alternative method of loading ·

Trucks may line up waiting to unload because of limited hopper size.






Push-pit Compaction • Coll.veh. dump loads

into large steel or concrete pits.

• Large hydraulic blade moves the waste to compactor charging box.

• Compactor packs the waste into trailer.

Large compactor can usually handle all types of waste + large bulky waste. Pit acts storage area during peak arrival.

Large capital investment.Facilities operations depend on operation of the compactor .









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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (TKA 4201) LECTURE NOTES 7

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