SOLID STATE DRIVE

Presented By:Bhavya Ambaliya

B.TECH CSE

Contents

•History•Solid State Drives•NAND Flash Memory•SSD Elements

1. SSD Controller2. SSD Flash3. SSD Interfaces

•SSD Storage Scheme

•SSD Architecture•SSD Around us•Intel SSD 910series-an Example•Benefits of SSD•SSD vs. HDD•Application

HISTORY• Storage Devices are evolved as the use of machines is increasing.

Punch Cards (in 1940s). Magnetic Tapes/Drives (in 1950s). Hard Drives.

Solid State Drives.

Solid State Drive(SSD)

• SSD is an PC storage device that uses Solid State memory to store information.

• SSD uses non volatile NAND Flash Memory , which enables it to retain data when the power is removed.

NAND Flash Memory

• NAND Flash Memory is the key component of SSD.• It is a specific type of EEPROM chip.• It has a grid of columns and rows with a cell that has

two transistors at each intersection.• The principle of operation is based on MOSFETs

SSD ElementsSSD consists of basically three elements:• SSD Controller.• SSD Flash.• SSD Interface.

SSD Controller• Flash controller includes the electronics that

bridge the Flash memory components to the SSD input/output interfaces.

• The controller is an embedded processor that executes firmware-level software.

SSD Controller Block Diagram•Processor•ECC•Flash Controller•DRAM Controller•I/O Interface•Controller Memory•Chip Configuration

• Solid State Flash memory is available using NAND technology.• NAND Flash components come in densities from 1Gb

(gigabit) to 64Gb per chip.• NAND Flash components have structures called pages and

blocks.• There is an Error Correction Code (ECC) associated with each

sector. • NAND Flash has a limited rewrite endurance of about

1,000,000 times per block.

SSD Flash

SSD Flash Block Diagram

•Data Interface •I/O Controller•Control Logic•Address Register•Data/Cache register•Status register•Row/Column Decode•Flash Array

• Interface is used to connect the SSD with the computer.• Also, since SDDs are generally used in conjunction with

magnetic disk drives, a common mass storage bus interface is used in most cases.

• SSD are available with a variety of system interfaces based primarily on the performance requirements: Serial ATA Serial attached SCSI

Fiber Channel USB

SSD Interface

• Groups of NAND flash cells are organized into pages and these pages are organized into blocks.

• Read and write operations can be performed on pages, but erase operations can only be performed at the block level.

• This means that when rewriting a page, the entire block must be erased first.

• The SSD controller manages this process.

SSD Storage Scheme

• SSD Architecture• SSD Around us• Inter SSD 910series- an Example• Benefits of SSD• SSD vs. HDD• Application

SSD Architecture

Solid-State Disks (SSD) Mobile Media Players

Thumb DisksMultimedia Memory Cards

Embedded Systems

SSD Around Us

• Certified for 2000 MB/s read speed and 1000 MB/s write speed.(For 800 GB SSD)

• Uses around 25 watt power.• 4-channel memory controller.• Each channel is “responsible” for two memory chips.• http://ark.intel.com/products/67009/Intel-SSD-910-

Series-800GB-12-Height-PCIe-2_0-25nm-MLC

Intel SSD 910series- An Example

Intel SSD 910series

• Faster start up of Solid State Drive• Faster access• Faster application launch time• More energy efficient• More reliable• More robust under extreme conditions• Lighter

Benefits of SSD

2.5” SATA 3.3 Gbps SSD 2.5” SATA 3.8 Gbps HDD

Solid NAND Flash based Mechanism Type Magnetic Rotating platters

64GB Density 80 GB

75gm Weight 365gm

Read: 100MB/s Write: 80MB/s

Performance Read: 59MB/s Write: 60MB/s

1W Active Power Consumption

3.86W

10-2000Hz Operating Vibration 22-350Hz

1500G/0.5ms Shock Resistance 170G/).5ms

0 °C– 70°C Operating Temperature 5°C– 55°C

None Acoustic Noise 0.3 dB

MTBF > 2M hours Endurance MTBF < 0.7M hours

SSD vs. HDD

• SSDs were mainly used in those aspects of mission critical applications where the speed of the storage system needed to be as fast as possible.

• Organizations that can benefit from faster access of system data include equity trading companies, telecommunication corporations, and video streaming.

• SSD are used as cache at server side of Enterprises.

Application

References

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_state_drives• http://www.storagereview.com/

ssd_reference_guide• http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/flash-

memory.htm• http://i.dell.com/sites/content/business/solutions/

whitepapers/en/Documents/wp-2009-SSD.pdf

Thank You

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