Solar Water Heating
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Transcript of Solar Water Heating
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SOLAR WATER HEATING A renewable energy resource that consists of transmitting solar energy into heat energy to warm water.
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SWH AND SPV Solar photovoltaic
Converts sunlight into electricity Only 20% of the energy is converted into
electricity Produces 15,000 megawatts worldwide
Solar water heating Direct heating of water usage by solar heat Heat is stored in tanks for day/night use 60% of the energy is converted in heat energy Produces 450,000 megawatts worldwide
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THE HEATING SYSTEM There are dominant heating systems, which
include:
ACTIVE Direct and Indirect
PASSIVE Integral and thermosyphon
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HOW IT WORKS - ACTIVE
Pumps heat transfer fluid through collector s to heat exchanger.
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STEP 1 A pump circulates water or HTF between the
collector and the tank. The direction in which water is circulated is anti-
clockwise if direct system is utilized.
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STEP 2 The pump will only pump water when the
water in the collector is warmer than the water in the storage tank.
A controller is used to turn the pump on and off.
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STEP 3 As the collector retrieves light energy, this
energy is transformed to heat energy in the collector which then heats the water making it warmer, as a result the controller signals pumper to pump water to tank.
This thermal energy is transported to tank where it is stored for consumer.
…And there you go! Your hot water bath awaits!
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HOW IT WORKS - PASSIVE
Here the tank acts as both a collector and storage tank.
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PASSIVE HEATING SYSTEMThis is seldom used as it is more pricey. The dominant difference between the passive and active is the fact that the passive system has a two in one. The tank is its collector as well as storage.
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COSTS & WORLD USAGECosts and payback periods assuming a household electricity savings of 140 kW.h/month due to SWH (using 2010 data)
Country CurrencySystem cost (in currency)
Subsidy(%)
Effective cost
Electricity cost/kW.h
Electricity savings/month
Payback period(y)
Australia $Aus 5000[49] 40[50] 3000 0.18[51] 25 9.9
Belgium Euro 4000[52] 50[53] 2000 0.1[54] 14 11.9
Brazil Real 2500[55] 0 2500 0.25 35 6.0
South Africa
ZA Rand 14000 15[56] 11900 0.9 126 7.9
United Kingdom
UK Pound 4000[57] 10[58] 3600 0.11[59] 15.4 19.4
United States
US$ 5000[60] 30[61] 3500 0.10[60] 14 20.8
The calculation of long term cost and payback period for a household SWH system depends on a number of factors. Some of these are:•Price of purchasing solar water heater (more complex systems are more expensive)•Efficiency of SWH system purchased•Installation cost•State or government subsidy for installation of a solar water heater•Price of electricity per kW.h•Number of kW.h of electricity used per month by a household•Annual tax rebates or subsidy for using renewable energy•Annual maintenance cost of SWH system•Savings in annual maintenenance of conventional (electric/gas/oil) water heating system
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IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT No daily impact on environment as the fuel is
the sun; a renewable resource. The construction of the devices utilized,
obviously impacts the environment negatively. Mining has to occur to retrieve components.
RELIABILITY It is reasonably reliable in places that are located near line of
Equator, such as: North of Brazil, Egypt, Indonesia and so forth. It is evident that it isn`t a reliable source at night time
specifically and in Autumn and Winter seasons. This problem has, however, been overcome by storing it when
resource is available. This energy resource is improved throughout the years….
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THANK YOU Your attendance is much appreciated!!!