Solar System Science Flares and Solar Energetic Particles Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes
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Transcript of Solar System Science Flares and Solar Energetic Particles Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes
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Solar System Science
Flares and Solar Energetic Particles
Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes
Cosmic-ray interactions with Earth, Sun, Moon, etc.
Plans:Optimization of GLAST flare responseSolar Physics paper on GLAST capabilities
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GLAST Solar Flare Response
GLAST launch late in solar minimum Rise in solar activity 2008-9; peak 2010-2014.(But remember 20 January 2005 flare—later discussion)
Possible Solar Flare Mode
Activate overall solar-flare capability when probability for X-class flare exceeds 5% in a 24 day period
GBM trigger:
Soft- spectrum burst detected <20 degrees from Sun; detectable flux > 1 MeV
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GLAST action:
ACD veto disabled
Sun < 70 deg from Z-axis –
Data analyzed from 4 central towers below first 4(?) layers.Return to normal mode in 1000 s or when GBM solar-side BGO rate < R.
Sun >70 deg from Z-axis
Calorimeter trigger: lowered energy threshold (~100 MeV).Return to normal mode in 1000 s or when GBM solar-side BGO rate < R.
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Hardest flare ever detected in space.(near solar minimum!!)
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Milagro Observation of >10 GeV Particles from Sun on 20 Jan 2005
GOES proton data>10 MeV>50 MeV>100 MeV
Milagro scaler data> 10 GeV protons
~1 min rise-time
~5 min duration
Milagro Observed > 10 GeV from the Solar Energetic Particle events on
• 6 November 1997• 14 July 2000• 15 April 2001• 20 January 2005
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2005 January 20 Gamma Ray Spectrum at Peak
Very hard accelerated particle spectrum, s ~ 2.2, from annihilation and neutron capture line comparison.
Lines??
RHESSI
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Nuclear continuum dominates for hard spectra, masking the discrete lines. Just statistics or something
fundamental?
RHESSI
SMM
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7:01 UT X7.1 N14W61
6.60 6.65 6.70 6.75 6.80 6.85 6.90 6.95 7.00UT (÷àñû è äî ëè ÷àñà) 20/01/2005
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
X è ãàììà (ÑÎÍÃ), 1/ñåê
Coronas-F Song
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0.01 0.1 1 10 10010-6
1x10-4
10-2
100
102
104
0.1 1 10 100
0.1 1 10 10010-6
1x10-4
10-2
100
102
104
0.1 1 10 100
20 January, 2005 SONG
I II
E, MeV
F, cm
-2 s
-1 MeV
-1
III
E, MeV
IV
Pion peak?
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Coronas observed pion radiation here.
Is the long 511 keV flux tail due to newly revealed radioactive material?
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Terrestrial flashes observed by RHESSI (David Smith)
1 ms duration; associated with lightening (sprites); discovered by BATSE; tens per day
globally.
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Summed TGF spectrum extending up to ~20 MeV; GLAST observations of Earth’s
atmosphere?