Solar Powered Pumping for Irrigation in St. Kitts Charles Dauphinee Hiltz Tanner Michael Cookson...
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Transcript of Solar Powered Pumping for Irrigation in St. Kitts Charles Dauphinee Hiltz Tanner Michael Cookson...
Solar Powered Pumping for Irrigation in
St. Kitts
Charles DauphineeHiltz Tanner
Michael CooksonStephen Cookson
Mechanical Engineering Department Dalhousie University
Design Group: Charles DauphineeHiltz TannerMichael CooksonStephen Cookson
Supervisors: Dr. Peter AllenDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringDr. Jack BurneyDepartment of Biological Engineering
Client: Dr. Vincent Audain Honorary Consul of St. KittsDepartment of Medicine
SolaVive Team
Design Problem
Irrigation• 2 Acres of fertile soil
(sandy loam)• Horticultural Crop
– Requiring: 35mm/week
• Existing tank : 85ft x 1000ft from 117358USG reservoir
• Social cost of present solution
Mission
• Solar powered machinery is ideal for agriculture in developing countries
• Rural communities far from power grids• Solar flux availability• Need for ecologically sustainable technologies• Design Criteria
– simple assembly / maintenance– ruggedness– transportability– efficiency
Impact on St. Kitts
• Expands minimal existing irrigation
• Lengthens growing season• Creates year-round
employment• Lowers price of produce• Crop export possibilities• Solar versus gas and grid
0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000
Total Yield(lbs)
Net Return($)
Net Return and Yield for 2 Acres
Without
With SolaVive
Comparitive Feasibility Study
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
0 5 10 15 20
Year
Cost
Solar
Deisel
Grid
Integrated System
• Subsurface Drip Irrigation• 4500 Gallon Water Storage
Tank• P-D Dankoff Solar Pumps
• Linear Current Booster• 1.44 kW Photovoltaic Array• Existing Open Reservoir
Component Choices
Irrigation• Subsurface Drip Irrigation
– Distribution efficiency
Pump-Motor• P-D Sliding Vane Pumps in
parallel– 15.8 USgpm @ 113 ft
• 12 volt PM DC motor– high efficiency at integral
hp
Component Choices
Photovoltaics• Architecture for Reliability• LCB for Maximum Power• RETScreen Analysis: 1.7kW
Installation & Maintenance
• Installation Manual– Connecting PV Modules– Pump inlet/outlet setup
• Maintenance Manual– General Maintenance– Preventative Maintenance– Troubleshooting– PV array– Pump & Motor– Irrigation System
Numerical Analysis
• Cybernet Simulations– Create nodes on irrigation CAD drawing– Pressures in junctions, pipes, valves
• As a tool for: – Design
• Change diameter of tubing, Height of reservoir
– Testing• Numerical Model
Sponsorship & Assembly
• Project Cost: $32K
• Testing Methods– Scaled Model– Numerical Analysis
• System Assembly– Challenges– Reynolds No– Modularity: Fittings,
Wires, Valves
Testing
• Day 1– Partially Cloudy– Not enough pressure head
• Expected flux, delivery
• Actual flux, delivery
• Efficiencies
Ht 11.0 MJ/m2
Vol H2O 3037 USG
Ht 16.6 MJ /m2
Vol H2O 1359 USG
PV 8%DC-DC 88%P-M 18%
Testing
• Day 2– Sunny and appropriate head
• Expected flux, delivery
• Actual flux, delivery
• Efficiencies
Ht 26.0 MJ/m2
Vol H2O 3986 USG
Ht 24.0 MJ/m2
Vol H2O 1556 USG
PV 8%DC-DC 93%P-M 29%
Interpreting Results
• Efficiencies Predicted Actual Average
PV 11%DC-DC 92%P-M 42%
PV Efficiency vs Voltage
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
14.00%
14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0
Voltage (V)
Eff
icie
nc
y (
%)
PV 8%DC-DC 93%P-M 29%
Testing Conclusions
• Importance of proper component sizing
• Supply chain management• Data acquisition system• Modularity is key• Intuitive understanding
Future of SolaVive
• More Testing• Implementation• Engineers in Development• Other Alternative Energy Projects
Thanks To:Dr. CaleyMech DeptAPENSAlumni AssociationCBCL Ltd Thermodynaics LtdDr. HamdullahperDr. Jerome ThomasFidel O’FlahartyDr. Linnell EdwardsGene Knight
Questions?