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POORNIMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERINGA

PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINARON

“SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC (SPV) PRODUCTION”

TAKEN ATRAJASTHAN ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTS LTD.

KANAKPURA, JAIPUR

Submitted to: Submitted by:Mr. Manish Singhal Rakesh Kumar Sharma

Mr. Gaurav Saxena ECE 7th SEM. (PCE2/EC/12/063)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONPOORNIMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, JAIPUR

ISI-6, RIICO Inst. Area Sitapura, Jaipur (Raj.)-302022

SESSION (2015-2016)

Training Overview

Industry Rajasthan Electronics & Instrumentation Ltd,

Jaipur

Duration 27 MAy 2015 to 10July 2015

P&IR Head Mr. Neeraj Saxena

Training Coordinator Mr. B. S. Chauhan

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PHASE IContents Slide No.Logo of Zylog 5

Company Profile 6-7Mission & Vision 8Board of director 9Products & services 10 – 11

Globe location 12Partner & Clientel 13-14Job Opportunity 15-16

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Zylog System Limited

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Logo Of Zylog System Ltd.

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Company Profile

Zylog Systems is an ISO certified provider of Onshore, Offshore & Near shore technology solutions and services to enterprises & technology companies across the globe.  Company provide complete Product Lifecycle Management services, ranging from new product development and product advancement to product migration, re-engineering, sustenance and support

Company Profile(Contd..)Type Public

Traded as NSE

BSE SENSEX Constituent

Industry IT services, IT consulting

Founder(s) Sudarshan Venkatraman

Headquarters Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Key people Sudarshan Venkatraman

(Chairman & CEO)

Ramanujam Sesharathnam

(CEO & MD, Director of ZSL)

Services Systems integration, IT, Business consulting, outsourcing

Employees above 4500

Website www.zsl.com

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MissionTo foster a symbiotic relationship through a market driven business model leveraging "best-of-breed" people and "best-in-class" contemporary IT practices.

VisionTo help our clients meet their goals through our people, services and solutions.

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Board of Directors The following persons constitute Board of Directors:Mr. Sudarshan Venkatraman (Chairman and CEO)

Mr. Ramanujam Sesharathnam (Managing Director and COO) Mr. V. Chandramouly. (Non- Executive Director) Mr. P. Srikanth (Independent Director)

Mr. M. Gajhanathan (Independent Director) Mr. S. Rajagopal (Independent Director) Mr. A.V. Rajwade (Independent Director) Mr. Ajay Mittal (Nominee Director)

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Products

Mobile banking systemRTGS pay managerCheque truncation systemClaims Management systemiPage-Forms ProcessingZ*connectMS DynamicsiVARS zPrism

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ServicesIT Outsourcing ServicesApplication ServicesMobile Computing ServicesDW & BI ServicesManaged ServicesVirtualization ServicesMS Dynamics ServicesEnterprise 2.0 ServicesQA & Testing Services BPO Services

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Globe Location

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Technology Partners

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Clientele

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Job Opportunity

Fresher selection: The primary source of selection has been the campus interview. The HR department has relationships with Universities, colleges in the state of Tamilnadu (metro cities of Chennai, Coimbatore, Trichy & Madurai).

1. Pre-screening: Company has standard format of information obtained which

basically looks for qualification, communication & presentation skills and the college of graduation – rating.

 2. Written test: a) Standard aptitude and logical test is being conducted to filter the candidates who

possess analytical skills. b) Standard algorithmic test that can be written in any acquainted programming

language chosen by the candidate. 

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Job Opportunity(Contd..)

3. Personal Interview: Interviewer does the selection on the basis of the following criterion: 

• Rating provided by the Pre-screening. 

• Score obtained in the written test.

• Presentation and communication skills.

• Aptitude and approach.

• Commitment and loyalty factor.

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PHASE IIContents Slide No.

Topics we learnt at REIL 18Why Solar Energy? 19SPV Modules 20How PV cells work? 21-23Manufacturing process of SPV modules

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Types of different modules is used 34Solar panel electrical specification 35 – 36Advantages 37-38Disadvantages 39Application of SPV 40-41References 42Thank You & Queries 43 – 44

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Topics We Learnt At REIL

Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) Cell Production

Renewable Energy

Agro-Diary Products

Other Projects ( Lacto-scan )

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Why Solar Energy?

It is Free.

It is Clean.

It is Infinitely renewable.

It can reduce our utility cost.

It increases our energy self reliance.

It is extremely reliable.

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Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV)Modules

Connected assembly of solar cells.

Output of 0.5 - 0.6 volt DC. Output Current depends on Area

of the cell and the amount of Light falling.

So efficiency is determined by the area of a module.

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How PV Cells Work? PV cells are made of special

materials called semiconductors and in this case, silicon.When a photon (a light particle) hits the panel, it has enough energy to knock an electron loose, allowing it to flow freely.The panel then has several electrical fields to force the electrons to move in a certain direction, creating a current which can be used to do work.

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How PV Cells Work? Composed of ultra-

thin layer of N type silicon on top of a thicker layer of P type silicon.

An Array of a solar cells converts solar energy into a usable amount of DC electricity.

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PV System component

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Flow Chart Of SPV Production

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Manufacturing Process ofSPV Modules

Processes during manufacturing of SPV modules :-

Part I Part II

1. Tabbing of Cells 1. Lamination2. Row Making 2. Curing3. Stringing 3. Trimming4. Lay up 4. Testing

5. Terminal Box Fitting

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Manufacturing Processin Detail

1. Tabbing of Cells Process of making terminals of a bare cell by soldering

copper strips to the bus bar.

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

2. Row Making A row of cells is made by connecting positive surfaces

of one cell to the negative surface of another cell.

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

3. Stringing The rows of SPV cells are connected in series to get

desired power rating.

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

4. Lay-up

In this process, solar cells are put in between various layers for lamination and curing process.

Height & Angle adjustment support

Solar cells

Mounting plateBack sheet

EVA sheet

Solar Glass

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

5. Lamination

The laminating materials are attached to the string on both sides by the process of lamination.

This process takes place at 110 degree Celsius in laminating press.

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

6. Trimming

The resultant module from curing process has some extra laminating materials.

These materials are then cut and the final module is then obtained.

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

7. Electrical Inspection

This inspection is done to check the output performance of the module

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Manufacturing Process in Detail(Contd..)

8. Terminal Box Fitting (Challenging)

To provide structural support to the module, channels are fixed around it. These channels prevent any damage to the module.

A terminal box is also fitted for external connections and then the final product is cleaned and sent to the finished goods store.

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Types Of Different Modules Used

1. 38 Watt Module: For making this, 36 cut cells are used. They are connected in series.

2. 75 Watt Module: Here also a total of 36 cells are connected in series which is called string. But the cells used having output voltage 0.45V-0.50V and output current 4.5A.

3. 150 Watt Module: these are also designed cells having output voltage 0.45V-0.50V and output current 4.5A. A total number of 72 cells are connected in series.

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Solar Panel ElectricalSpecifications

1. I-V Characteristics:

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Solar Panel ElectricalSpecifications(Contd.)

2. Optimum operating Voltage

3. Optimum operating current

4. Open Circuit Voltage

5. Short Circuit Current

6. Peak Power (W)

7. Module Efficiency

8. Operating Temperature

9. Max. Series Fuse Rating

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Advantages

Can be designed for variety of applications and operational requirements.

Have no moving parts. Expandable. Transportable. The fuel (sunlight) is free. No noise pollution or any othe type of pollution. Requires minimum maintenance. Have long service lifetimes (upto 20 years).

Coal Oil Natural gas

Nuclear Hydel Wind Solar0

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60

80

100

120Initial Investment Total Operating Cost Pollution Efficiency

COMPARISON OF ENERGY SOURCESC

ost (

Dol

lars

/MW

h)

→

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Disadvantages

High Cost. Large Surface Area. Doesn’t work at night. Not reliable unless kept in a very sunny climate.

Less efficient and costly equipment.

Reliability Depends On Location.

Environmental Impact of PV Cell Production

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Applications of SPV System

Domestic Lighting System (DLS): for residential needs in remote villages, schools where electricity is not available.Street Lighting System (SLS): for lighting pathways, parks & public places.Water pumping: for small-scale irrigation, residential usage in remote villages, marine pumping etc.Communication: by emergency radios, orbiting satellites and cellular telephones.Solar based appliances: for charging battery, solar heaters.Sign Boards and Glow signs, Railway Signaling system.

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Conclusion

Provided me the knowledge about industrial management, technology involved, structure and functioning of the company

Gave me experience of working in a professional environment.

Given me an idea regarding how the theoretical things are put into application and the errors that are encountered during execution.

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References

D. D. Smith, P. Cousins, S. Westerberg, R. De Jesus-Tabajonda, G. Aniero and Y.-C.

Shen "Toward the practical limits of silicon solar cells", Proc. 40th IEEE 

Photovoltaic Spec. Conf.,  pp.1465 -1469 2014 

X. Liu, L. A. C. Lopes, "An improved perturbation and observation maximum power

point tracking algorithm for PV arrays", IEEE 35th Annual Power Electron. 

Specialists Conf., pp. 2005-2010, 2004. 

http://www.lennox.com/solar-solutions/why-solar.asp

  http://www.zsl.com/about-us/profile/profile

Company booklet and manual 

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QUERIES