SOIL. Soil: is a mixture of weathered rock particles and other materials.
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Transcript of SOIL. Soil: is a mixture of weathered rock particles and other materials.
![Page 1: SOIL. Soil: is a mixture of weathered rock particles and other materials.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f295503460f94c41f2e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SOIL
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• Soil: is a mixture of weathered rock particles and other materials.
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Soil Composition
• Weathered rock particles– 65-75%
• Organic matter (humus)– 5%
• Water
• Air– Together make up 20-30%
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Factors that determine soil in an area.
• Kind of rock
• Climate or overall weather pattern
• Landforms, such as mountains or valleys
• Plant coverage
• Animal or organisms
• Time
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Composition of soil determines
• What you can grow in it
• What you can build on it
• What happens to the rainwater that falls on it.
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Soil Horizon
• Layers of soil with properties that differ from those of the layers above or below it.– A horizon– B horizon– C horizon
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Climate and landforms affect soil
• Climate influences the characteristics and thickness of the soil that develops from weathered rock
• Soil is going to vary from mountains to valleys.
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Tropical Soil
• Tropical soils form in warm, rainy regions.
• Heavy rains wash away minerals, leaving only a thin surface layer of humus.
• Tropical soild are not suitable for growing most crops.
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Desert Soils
• Desert soils form in dry regions.
• These soils are shallow and contain little organic matter.
• Because of the low rainfall, chemical weathering and soil formation occur very slowly in desert regions.
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Temperate Soils
• Temperate soils form in regions with moderate rainfall and temperatures.
• Some temperate soils are dark-colored, rich in organic matter and minerals, and good for growing crops.
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Arctic Soils
• Arctic soils form in cold, dry regions where chemical weathering is slow.
• They typically do not have well-developed horizons.
• Arctic soils contain a lot of rock fragments.
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Activity of organisms affect soil.
• Plant
• Microorganisms
• Animals
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Properties of soil
• Texture
• Color
• Pore space
• Chemistry